CN108717596A - The passenger flow traffic efficiency evaluation method in T fonts channel in track traffic station - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of passenger flow traffic efficiency evaluation methods in T fonts channel in track traffic station.This method includes：The geometric attribute, topological structure and pedestrian's properties of flow in T fonts channel in track traffic station are investigated, it is for statistical analysis to investigational data；Based on the statistic analysis result of field research data, pedestrian's social force simulation model in T fonts channel in track traffic station is built；According to pedestrian's social force simulation model in T fonts channel in track traffic station, simulation study is carried out to the passenger flow traffic efficiency in T fonts channel in track traffic station, obtains the simulation result of the passenger flow traffic efficiency in T fonts channel under different simulating scenes.The model parameter that the present invention uses more is agreed with real scene pedestrian's traveling behavior, the structured expression of model parameter is more in line with pedestrian's traveling behavior in T font structures channel, is suitable for evaluation and quantization to pedestrian's traveling efficiency on the T-type structure channel of subway station.
Description
Technical field
It is logical that the present invention relates to T fonts in urban rail transit technology field more particularly to a kind of track traffic station
The passenger flow traffic efficiency evaluation method in road.
Background technology
It is to ensure the premise of urban track traffic high efficiency operation that the pedestrian of track traffic station, which walks line efficiency,.Channel
As the most common traveling facility of subway station, typically passenger flow transfer, necessary facility out of the station, according to data statistics, Beijing
Subway, close to 50%, is the one kind being most widely used in all transfer manners using the ratio of channel transfer manner, important
Property has some idea of.The problems such as in view of operation, difficulty of construction, facility maintenance, safety and cost, subway station internal channel is built
For different structures, it will usually channel intersection occur, form the channel of the structure types such as T fonts, Y-shaped, cross, occur
The phenomenon that passenger flow is shunted or converged, these crosspoints are exactly often the bottleneck point of station passenger flow streamline, during train dwelling
It is interior to cause to block since unit interval passenger flow increases severely, or even because overcrowding trample accident.Therefore, it accurately analyzes
The traffic efficiency in subway station T fonts channel, to the operation of track traffic station highly effective and safe and station facilities layout knot
Structure optimization has important theory and realistic meaning.
Pedestrian stream simulation model is broadly divided into macromodel, mesoscopic model and micromodel three categories, macromodel at present
It is approximately gas or fluid by pedestrian flow, the modeling that hydromechanical theoretical and method is applied to pedestrian flow is imitated
In very.Macromodel was proposed by Fruin in 1971 first earlier, mainly utilized pedestrian's average speed, pedestrian density
And the parameters such as flow describe the relationship on certain path between pedestrian density and flow or travel time, pedestrian is in list for research
Aggregation properties on one facility (such as road, channel, overline bridge, stair and enclosure space).Compared with macromodel, middle sight mould
Type is more detailed to pedestrian movement's factor of system, individual movement, behavior and its description of interaction.Mesoscopic model can describe
The state characteristic of the time and space in macromodel, and the core data in micromodel can be retained, but mesoscopic model is more micro-
It is slightly coarse to see model.It is to pedestrian's individual institute under various conditions using single pedestrian as research object in micromodel
The description for the motion mode that may be taken, pedestrian movement are codetermined by factors such as pedestrian's feature, ambient enviroments.Micromodel
The advantages of having merged macromodel and mesoscopic model, each pedestrian are considered individually personal description and calculate, both can be macro
It sees and grasps pedestrian stream on the whole, but also the traveling behavior of individual can be described from part.
It is handed over currently, having focused largely on road right-angled intersection pedestrian to the research of pedestrian's traveling behavior in the prior art
Lead to building one skilled in the art evacuation traveling behavior under traveling analysis, accident, two-way pedestrian stream traveling behavioural characteristic in subway station
And the traveling behavioural characteristic in subway station on single facility (gate, building staircase, platform, channel).Fu Zhijian utilizes more field domains
Cellular Automation Model staggeredly shunts pedestrian in " T- types " channel and is simulated.It was found that when entrance density of personnel is relatively low,
Pedestrian movement shows as flowing freely in structure；And personnel left lateral probability higher in entrance density of personnel is differed with right lateral probability
When little, system show as it is completely plugged, to show that it is dry between opposite pedestrian to hinder the principal element of pedestrian movement
Disturb the conclusion of effect.Fan Yushang is improved the social force model based on evacuation behavior, obtains psychological repellence force effect intensity
The fore-and-aft distance variation in the retinue human world, and give fitting formula；Evacuation effect between two pedestrians of wall is carried out
It improves, increases pedestrian to wall psychological boundary distance, the pedestrian of analog simulation Xizhimen subway station duplex channel walks every trade
For.Qiu fruit improves inclined chance move LATTICE GAS MODEL WITH, and emulation subway station peak time Y types channel pedestrian stream collects situation, by changing
Become two branch line density of stream of people of Y-shaped channel, obtain density of stream of people and collect the relationship of congestion state, changes two, Y-shaped channel
The angle of line and same width obtain the relationship between pedestrian's current density, width and angle three.Chang- Kun Chen
Based on cellular Automation Model, the effect of own drive power is considered, experimentally, set up the evacuation crowd of different densities,
Chummery does not evacuate pedestrian's traveling behavior at situation and T font stair in analysis building.Park studies pedestrian and avoids machine
System, pedestrian avoid conflicting by changing gait.
Channel pedestrian traveling research method in the prior art focuses on probing into the effect between pedestrian, is more
The details for describing to interact during behavior traveling from microcosmic point can capture the unique fortune of each pedestrian well
Dynamic characteristic.It is common for social force model, cellular Automation Model in micromodel.Pedestrian and row are portrayed in social force model emphasis
The reciprocation between environment is walked, model algorithm, parameter setting are gradually improved, but in the concrete application process of simulation model
In, it is still desirable to simulation model is targetedly expanded in conjunction with the behavioral trait of pedestrian in specific environment, makes model
Preferably reflect the pedestrian behavior and psychology in specific environment, makes simulated effect more closer to reality.
The shortcomings that above-mentioned channel pedestrian traveling research method in the prior art is：This method research pedestrian is interior AT STATION
The problem of traveling is more to focus on the pedestrian of single facility (gate, building staircase, platform, channel) row such as surmount, avoid
For；It is fewer for the research of facility junction, however be often that facility junction will appear what a large amount of pedestrians collected in reality
Phenomenon.And the physical attribute of facility can also impact pedestrian's traveling, and existing research is less concern facility itself
Geometric attribute and layout structure are for walking the influence of line efficiency.
Invention content
The embodiment provides a kind of passenger flow traffic efficiencies in T fonts channel in track traffic station to comment
Valence method, the shortcomings that with the customer service prior art.
To achieve the goals above, this invention takes following technical solutions.
The passenger flow traffic efficiency evaluation method in T fonts channel in a kind of track traffic station, including：
Geometric attribute, topological structure and pedestrian's properties of flow to T fonts channel in track traffic station carry out scene
Investigation, it is for statistical analysis to field research data；
Based on the statistic analysis result of field research data, the pedestrian in T fonts channel in track traffic station is built
Social force simulation model；
According to pedestrian's social force simulation model in T fonts channel in the track traffic station, city rail is handed over
The passenger flow traffic efficiency in T fonts channel in standing that is open to traffic carries out simulation study, obtains the visitor in T fonts channel under different simulating scenes
The simulation result for the line efficiency that circulates.
Further, geometric attribute, topological structure and the row to T fonts channel in track traffic station
Stream of people's characteristic carries out field research, including：
The geometric attribute and topological structure in T fonts channel in field research track traffic station, the geometric attribute and
Topological structure includes channel width, length, the gradient and the type of attachment at turning；
Follow T fonts in investigation and video acquisition investigation two methods investigation track traffic station logical using artificial
Pedestrian's properties of flow in road, pedestrian's properties of flow include pedestrian's quantity, gender, age and its corresponding ratio；Carry the row of luggage
Pedestrian's proportion of mobile terminal is used when people, the pedestrian for trip of going with and traveling；
Intensity of passenger flow is calculated using following formula (1)：
K=n/s (1)
(1) in formula：K is intensity of passenger flow, people/m2；N is region one skilled in the art sum；S is region area, m2；
Passenger flow traveling speed is calculated using following formula (2)：
(2) in formula：V is passenger flow speed, m/s；L is distance travelled, m；tiThe time of L, s are covered for i-th of pedestrian；N is
Pedestrian's number；
The changing rule of pedestrian's traveling speed, obtains pedestrian's traveling speed-under the conditions of statistical analysis difference intensity of passenger flow
The fit equation of intensity of passenger flow value.
Further, the statistic analysis result based on field research data is built in track traffic station
Pedestrian's social force simulation model in T fonts channel, including：
Based on the statistic analysis result of field research data, structure pedestrian T fonts channel in track traffic station
Turning regions suffered by social force model, the expression formula of the social force model is as follows：
In formula：miFor pedestrian's mass；For pedestrian t moment speed；For pedestrian's self drive；For pedestrian
With the resultant force of the active force of other pedestrians；The resultant force of active force between pedestrian and peripheral obstacle；ξiTo become at random
Amount：Indicate the coefficient of piecewise function,Pedestrian is indicated in Turning regions,Then indicate pedestrian in non-turn region；
WithThe resistance and centripetal force that pedestrian is subject in Turning regions are indicated respectively；
Pedestrian turns over 90 ° from turning start to finish according to angular velocity omega, angle, θ that pedestrian turns over and pedestrian movement's
There are following relationships between angular velocity omega：
D θ/dt=ω (14)
θt+Δt=θt+Δt×ω (15)
Desired speed when pedestrian turns is decomposed into two mutually perpendicular speed, θ=0 when turning starting position, with
θ increases up to 90 °, thusIncreased to by 0ByIt is reduced to 0, was turned
The desired speed formula of journey pedestrian is：
In formulaFor the desired speed for the pedestrian that turns, self drive when to pedestrian's turning is：
The resistance that pedestrian is subject to during turning and the velocity magnitude reached when turning initial position and the angle turned over
Related, speed and the angle turned over are bigger, and resistance is also bigger, and resistance formula is：
In formula：Model parameter A is the impact factor of pedestrian's speed, and δ is the impact factor of corner；For unit vector, with
Desired speed is opposite.
Pedestrian is acted on by the centripetal force such as turning center of arc are directed toward,Calculation formula be：
In formula：K is model parameter；vtFor pedestrian t moment speed；For unit vector, perpendicular to the walking of pedestrian
It is directed toward center of arc in direction.
Further, the statistic analysis result based on field research data is built in track traffic station
Pedestrian's social force simulation model in T fonts channel further includes：
Based on the statistic analysis result of field research data, structure pedestrian T fonts channel in track traffic station
Linearity region suffered by social force model, the expression formula of the social force model is as follows：
In formula：miFor pedestrian's mass；For pedestrian t moment speed；For resultant force suffered by situation of presence pedestrian
Size；ξiFor stochastic variable；
In formula：For pedestrian's self drive；For the resultant force of pedestrian and the active force of other pedestrians；For pedestrian with
The resultant force of active force between peripheral obstacle.
Further, pedestrian's social force according to T fonts channel in the track traffic station emulates mould
Type carries out simulation study to the passenger flow traffic efficiency in T fonts channel in track traffic station, obtains different simulating scenes
The simulation result of the passenger flow traffic efficiency in lower T fonts channel, including：
Determine the parameter of pedestrian's social force simulation model in T fonts channel in the track traffic station, the parameter
Including：Pedestrian's flow, pedestrian's streamline, characteristic of pedestrian and T font channel designs, the T fonts channel design includes channel width
The gradient in degree, connection type and channel；Active force between pedestrian's flow and pedestrian and pedestrian is related, pedestrian and row
Active force between people is calculated according to pedestrian's traveling social force model shown in above-mentioned formula (13) and formula (3)；
Corresponding pedestrian's flow threshold is respectively set for the different streamlines in T fonts channel in track traffic station,
And traffic statistics are carried out in the endpoint of streamline, when the flow value of statistics reaches pedestrian's flow threshold, when record emulation counts
Between, the passenger flow traffic efficiency under current simulating scenes is determined according to pedestrian's flow threshold and emulation timing statistics；
It is tied according to different pedestrian's flows, different pedestrian's streamlines, different characteristic of pedestrian and different T fonts channels
Structure builds different simulating scenes respectively, is determined with emulation timing statistics according to pedestrian's flow threshold under each simulating scenes
Passenger flow traffic efficiency under each simulating scenes.
The embodiment of the present invention improves social force it can be seen from the technical solution that embodiments of the invention described above provide
Model, model parameter and the real scene pedestrian's traveling behavior of use more agree with, and the structured expression of model parameter is more
Meet pedestrian's traveling behavior in T font structures channel, model is suitable for pedestrian's traveling on the T-type structure channel of subway station
The evaluation and quantization of efficiency.
The model that the present invention is built is suitable for the different structure in T fonts channel, different based on the setting of T font channel designs
Pedestrian stream density scene, can quantitatively provide the functional relation of the structure in walk efficiency and T fonts channel, and
The functional relation of walk efficiency and pedestrian's current density.
The additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will be set forth in part in the description, these will from the following description
Become apparent, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Description of the drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, making required in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings
His attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the passenger flow traffic efficiency in T fonts channel in a kind of track traffic station provided in an embodiment of the present invention
The process chart of evaluation method；
Fig. 2 is a kind of pedestrian provided in an embodiment of the present invention social force model schematic diagram when traveling in T fonts channel；
Fig. 3 is a kind of pedestrian's traveling social force model of Turning regions in T fonts channel provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is a kind of pedestrian's turning process schematic provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is a kind of traffic efficiency simulation study block schematic illustration in T fonts channel provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 6 is that a kind of influence of the different pedestrian's streamlines provided in an embodiment of the present invention to the traffic efficiency in T fonts channel is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 7 is a kind of channel width schematic diagram in T fonts channel provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is a kind of connected mode schematic diagram in T fonts channel provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is a kind of gradient schematic diagram in T fonts channel provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning
Same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions are indicated to same or similar label eventually.Below by
The embodiment being described with reference to the drawings is exemplary, and is only used for explaining the present invention, and cannot be construed to the limit to the present invention
System.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless expressly stated, singulative " one " used herein, " one
It is a ", " described " and "the" may also comprise plural form.It is to be further understood that is used in the specification of the present invention arranges
It refers to there are the feature, integer, step, operation, element and/or component, but it is not excluded that presence or addition to take leave " comprising "
Other one or more features, integer, step, operation, element, component and/or their group.It should be understood that when we claim member
Part is " connected " or when " coupled " to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to other elements, or can also deposit
In intermediary element.In addition, " connection " used herein or " coupling " may include being wirelessly connected or coupling.It is used herein to arrange
Diction "and/or" includes any cell of one or more associated list items and all combines.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technology
Term and scientific terminology) there is meaning identical with the general understanding of the those of ordinary skill in fields of the present invention.Also answer
It should be appreciated that those terms such as defined in the general dictionary should be understood that with in the context of the prior art
The consistent meaning of meaning, and unless defined as here, will not be explained with the meaning of idealization or too formal.
For ease of the understanding to the embodiment of the present invention, done into one by taking several specific embodiments as an example below in conjunction with attached drawing
The explanation of step, and each embodiment does not constitute the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention determines the parameter of pedestrian's traveling social force model by field research, considers pedestrian's gender, year
The difference in age, consider pedestrian carry luggage, go with trip and using the phenomenon that mobile phone to the shadow of T fonts channel traffic efficiency
It rings, traditional society's power model is improved according to investigation situation；Different T fonts are combined based on improved social force model
Structure channel scene, the transit time to T font structures channel and efficiency calculation research, by the T for comparing different simulating scenes
The pedestrian of font channel design walks the Comparative result of line efficiency, provides the calculating of the travel time and efficiency in T font structures channel
Fitting formula.
The passenger flow traffic efficiency evaluation in T fonts channel in a kind of track traffic station provided in an embodiment of the present invention
The process flow of method is as shown in Figure 1, include following processing step：
Step 11, geometric attribute, topological structure and pedestrian's properties of flow to T fonts channel in track traffic station
Field research is carried out, it is for statistical analysis to field research data.
The geometric attribute and topological structure in T fonts channel in field research subway station of the embodiment of the present invention, including channel width
Degree, length, the gradient and the type of attachment at turning；Investigate pedestrian's properties of flow, including pedestrian's gender, age and its corresponding
Ratio；Investigation carries the pedestrian institute that mobile terminal (mobile phone etc.) is used when the pedestrian of luggage, the pedestrian for trip of going with and traveling
Accounting example.
Since the data volume for needing to acquire is very big, so the present invention follows investigation and video acquisition to investigate two using artificial
Kind method.For video acquisition method for investigating different characteristics pedestrian's proportion, specific method is to find one in one section of channel
It is a to facilitate acquisition video and visual angle clearly position, utilize the equipment recorded video such as holder, after the completion sorting-out in statistics again.
It is artificial to follow counting method to be mainly used for the volume of the flow of passengers in recording channel and measure the time of pedestrian under different densities,
Specific method is that import or export of the traffic investigation person in channel finds each minute record pedestrian's throughput in suitable position,
The one end of record personnel in one section of channel for having measured length and width in advance, follows personnel in the other end, personnel is followed to exist
When channel density changes, the target pedestrian of above-mentioned different attribute is found, sends short messages and informs to record personnel, record personnel start
Recording channel section pass through pedestrian's quantity, difference follows personnel to start to follow oneself target pedestrian, and starts timing, when with
When reaching record personnel positions with personnel, terminate timing and counting, and be recorded in excel record sheets.Follow investigator with visitor
Prevalence, which is walked and recorded, follows duration, and the record of initial data is carried out using excel tables, utilizes formula
(1) and formula (2) calculates passenger flow traveling speed.
K=n/s (1)
(1) in formula：K is intensity of passenger flow, people/m2；N is region one skilled in the art sum；S is region area, m2。
(2) in formula：V is passenger flow speed, m/s；L is distance travelled, m；tiThe time of L, s are covered for i-th of pedestrian；N is
Pedestrian's number.
The changing rule of pedestrian's traveling speed under the conditions of different intensity of passenger flow is analyzed using origin software statistics, will
The speed of the pedestrian of the different characteristics arrived-density value fitting, obtains the quasi- of optimal pedestrian's traveling speed-intensity of passenger flow value
Close equation.According to the fit equation, to determine the intensity of passenger flow under the used different pedestrian's traveling speeds of emulation.
It is logical to build T fonts in track traffic station for step 12, the statistic analysis result based on field research data
Pedestrian's social force simulation model in road.
(1) traditional society's power model construction
Social force model is proposed that social force model is by Helbing et al. based on Newton classic mechanics earliest
By the resultant force of the active force three parts between people's own drive power, interpersonal active force and people and peripheral obstacle
It constitutes, can reflect the subjective initiative of pedestrian, to determine the movement tendency of pedestrian.Traditional society's power model expression
For：
In formula：miFor pedestrian's mass；For pedestrian t moment speed；For resultant force suffered by situation of presence pedestrian
Size；ξiFor stochastic variable, the fluctuation item that these behaviors change at random is represented.
In formula：For pedestrian's self drive；For the resultant force of pedestrian and the active force of other pedestrians；For pedestrian with
The resultant force of active force between peripheral obstacle.
1) self drive
In formula：For pedestrian's self drive；miFor pedestrian's mass；For pedestrian t moment desired speed size；For pedestrian t moment actual speed size；τiFor the reaction time of pedestrian.
2) interpersonal active force
Shown in the expression formula of the resultant force of the intermolecular forces of pedestrian such as formula (4)：
Psychological repellence power expression formula between pedestrian：
In formula：The parameter A of modelij、BijFor constant, the interaction strength and effect model of pedestrian i and j are indicated respectively
It encloses,
rijIt is the radius and d of the pedestrian i and j of interactionijIt is pedestrian's i and j distance of interaction,It is by going
People j is directed toward the unit vector of pedestrian i.
Physical force between pedestrian includes the normal pressure between pedestrian and the frictional force between pedestrian, between pedestrian
Normal pressure expression formula：
In formula：kpThrust coefficient between pedestrian, τ are piecewise function,Work as rij-dij>
When 0, i.e., when having contact between pedestrian, there is normal pressure each other, work as rij-dijWhen < 0, i.e., it is not in contact between pedestrian
When, normal pressure is not present each other, τ is 0 at this time.
The expression formula of frictional force between pedestrian：
Wherein：KhIndicate friction coefficient；The tangential direction for indicating line between pedestrian i and j, withVertically；Indicate the difference of the rate of pedestrian i and j in tangential direction.Remaining parameter is identical with normal pressure expression formula.
3) active force between people and barrier
The expression formula such as formula of pedestrian and the resultant force of the intermolecular forces of barrier：
Psychological repellence power expression formula between pedestrian and barrier：
In formula：The parameter A of modeliw、BiwFor constant, the interaction strength and work of pedestrian i and barrier are indicated respectively
Use range；riSince periphery barrier has the influence on boundary, the concept in the center of circle is not considered, so indicating the radius of pedestrian；diwTable
Show the distance between barrier and pedestrian；It is directed to the unit vector of pedestrian i.
Physics repulsive force between pedestrian and peripheral obstacle is also to be made of normal pressure and frictional force two parts, expression
Formula is：
Equally, identical as the meaning expressed by formula (8) and (9) identical parameter in (12) formula, which is not described herein again,
Other parameters meaning is as follows：kpwIt is barrier to the thrust coefficient of pedestrian；KhwIt is barrier to the force of sliding friction of pedestrian
Coefficient；Indicate the size of pedestrian's speed；Indicate unit tangent vector, be directed toward the tangential direction of barrier, act on pedestrian with
The contact point of barrier；Indicate the folder cosine of an angle of pedestrian's directional velocity and sliding friction force direction.
(2) social force model improves
Based on investigation content, the pedestrian of trip of going with is considered, social force model is improved.The channel of T font structures is by three
It is a directly to be constituted to channel and one piece of Turning regions, social force model of the pedestrian when Turning regions turns with directly to channel walking
When be different, be then directed to social force model of the pedestrian suffered by Turning regions below and be improved.
Pedestrian turns process, and taken exercises pattern is similar to the circular motion that is done with turning center, thus increase resistance and to
Mental and physical efforts.Fig. 2 is a kind of pedestrian provided in an embodiment of the present invention social force model schematic diagram when traveling in T fonts channel；Fig. 3
For in the schematic diagram of pedestrian's traveling social force model of the Turning regions in T fonts channel, the table of pedestrian's traveling social force model
It is as follows up to formula：
Meaning of parameters all same same as described above, other parameters meaning are as follows in formula：
Indicate the coefficient of piecewise function,Pedestrian is indicated in Turning regions,Then indicate pedestrian in non-turn area
Domain；WithThe resistance and centripetal force that pedestrian is subject in Turning regions are indicated respectively.
By taking single pedestrian walks in T fonts channel as an example, turning pedestrian behavior includes three of straight trip, turning and straight trip
Process, the active force being no longer influenced by between pedestrian.
Pedestrian turns over 90 ° from turning start to finish according to angular velocity omega, since this process is shorter, so angular speed
ω, which can be regarded as, to be existed between constant, i.e. uniform motion, the pedestrian angle, θ turned over and the angular velocity omega of pedestrian movement with ShiShimonoseki
System：
D θ/dt=ω (14)
θt+Δt=θt+Δt×ω (15)
Pedestrian turn process as shown in figure 4, turning when desired speed can be decomposed into two mutually perpendicular speed,
θ=0 when turning starting position, as θ increases up to 90 °, thusIncreased to by 0
ByIt is reduced to 0.So the desired speed formula of turning process pedestrian is：
In formulaFor the desired speed for the pedestrian that turns.To which the self drive of pedestrian at this time is：
The resistance that pedestrian is subject to during turning and the velocity magnitude reached when turning initial position and the angle turned over
Related, speed and the angle turned over are bigger, and resistance is also bigger, and resistance formula is：
In formula：Model parameter A is the impact factor of pedestrian's speed, and δ is the impact factor of corner；For unit vector, with
Desired speed is opposite.
The process that pedestrian turns is regarded as pedestrian in model and does uniform circular motion, and pedestrian is turned by direction in circular arc
The effect of the centripetal force such as the heart, formula are：
In formula：K is model parameter；vtFor pedestrian t moment speed；For unit vector, perpendicular to the walking of pedestrian
It is directed toward center of arc in direction.
Go with trip pedestrian social force model in self drive and peripheral obstacle between active force it is not poor
Not, the attraction between the different pedestrians that are to go with is attracted each other between the pedestrian that shows as going with, is repelled with other people, therefore,
For the pedestrian that goes with, the attraction for the pedestrian that goes with is added.
In formula：Negative sign indicates that the direction of power is that two people attract one another；OaiIndicate the big of the sucting strength gone between pedestrian
It is small；Indicate attractived region；raiBe interaction two people's radiuses and；daiIt is two people's distances of interaction.
When the pedestrian for trip of going with is apart from smaller and smaller it can be seen from above-mentioned publicity, when close to zero, between two people
Attraction is certain value Oai, increase with the distance of two people, attraction gradually increases, and pedestrian starts due to the effect of power to right
Fang Yundong, pedestrian's force bearing formulae of going with structure more meet investigation actual phenomenon.
(3) parameter calibration
According to finding and existing document to parameter calibration in social force model.Be mainly concerned with pedestrian's self attributes,
Desired speed, slack time；Force strength A between pedestrianijWith coverage Bij, thrust coefficient k between pedestrianpWith
Friction coefficient Kh；Force strength A between pedestrian and barrieriwWith coverage Biw。
Step 13, according to pedestrian's social force simulation model in T fonts channel in above-mentioned track traffic station, to city
The passenger flow traffic efficiency in T fonts channel carries out simulation study in city's rail traffic station.
(1) the traffic efficiency simulation study in T fonts channel
Fig. 5 is a kind of traffic efficiency simulation study block schematic illustration in T fonts channel provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Determine the parameter of pedestrian's social force simulation model in T fonts channel in the track traffic station, the parameter
Including：Pedestrian's flow, pedestrian's streamline, characteristic of pedestrian and T font channel designs, the T fonts channel design includes channel width
The gradient in degree, connection type and channel；Active force between above-mentioned pedestrian's flow and pedestrian and pedestrian is related, pedestrian and row
Active force between people is calculated according to pedestrian's traveling social force model shown in above-mentioned formula (13) and formula (3).Pedestrian and pedestrian
Between resistance it is bigger, pedestrian's speed is slower, and flow changes correspondingly.
Corresponding pedestrian's flow threshold is respectively set for the different streamlines in T fonts channel in track traffic station,
And traffic statistics are carried out in the endpoint of streamline, when the flow value of statistics reaches pedestrian's flow threshold, when record emulation counts
Between, the passenger flow traffic efficiency under current scene is determined according to pedestrian's flow threshold and emulation timing statistics；
It is tied according to different pedestrian's flows, different pedestrian's streamlines, different characteristic of pedestrian and different T fonts channels
Structure builds different simulating scenes respectively, is determined with emulation timing statistics according to pedestrian's flow threshold under each simulating scenes
Passenger flow traffic efficiency under each simulating scenes.
According to above-mentioned social force model and improved model, pedestrian's parameter is set, following scene is imitated respectively
Very：
1) influence of the pedestrian of different flow to the traffic efficiency in T fonts channel；The different pedestrian source of several groups is set
Pedestrian measures per hour, and the pedestrian count value parameter in the other end of pedestrian stream line is arranged, it is specified that pedestrian count value threshold value, when every
When the pedestrian count value of group reaches threshold value, stop emulation, record simulation time and compares.
2) Fig. 6 is a kind of influence of the different pedestrian's streamlines provided in an embodiment of the present invention to the traffic efficiency in T fonts channel
Schematic diagram mainly considers have among the channel of influence and two-way mixing pedestrian stream of the two-way mixing pedestrian stream to traffic efficiency
The difference of guardrail and not guardrail.
3) consider influence of the channel design to the traffic efficiency in T fonts channel
According to field research as a result, the gradient, Fig. 7 are that the present invention is implemented in setting channel width, connection type and channel
A kind of channel width schematic diagram in T fonts channel that example provides, Fig. 8 are a kind of T fonts channel provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Connected mode schematic diagram, Fig. 9 are a kind of gradient schematic diagram in T fonts channel provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
4) consider influence of the different pedestrian's conditions to the traffic efficiency in T fonts channel
The area carried shared by the pedestrian of luggage is bigger, in uniform point of setting pedestrian's size between 0.6~1m
Cloth, and speed is distributed between 0.6~1.25m/s, and the size of the pedestrian without luggage is defined as between 0.4~0.6m
It is uniformly distributed or normal distribution, traveling speed is between 0.8~1.5m/s in channel for male pedestrian, and women pedestrian is in channel
Interior traveling speed between 0.6~1.3m/s, the pedestrian of trip of going in channel traveling speed 0.65~1.35m/s it
Between, using the pedestrian of mobile phone in channel traveling speed between 0.6~1.3m/s.
According to investigation statistical analysis as a result, male to female ratio is 1.2:1, luggage pedestrian accounting 11.14% is carried, is gone with
Pedestrian's accounting 16.67% of going on a journey carries luggage, trip of going with, use using mobile phone uniline people accounting 22.95% by calculating
Mobile phone pedestrian has accounting about 50% altogether, thus by conversion scale, setting male pedestrian ratio 27.27%, women pedestrian's ratio
22.73%, luggage pedestrian accounting 10.97% is carried, trip pedestrian accounting 16.42% of going with uses mobile phone uniline people's accounting
22.61%.
(2) the traffic efficiency evaluation method in T fonts channel
Different pedestrian's flow thresholds is set in passage end according to streamline when emulation, and sets and flows in the streamline other end
Amount statistics, setting when count flow value reach specified value when, record simulation time, then compare above-mentioned different flow, streamline,
The simulation result of structure and pedestrian's condition provides the Comparative result of the T fonts channel traffic efficiency of different simulating scenes, and provides
Improve the suggestion of traffic efficiency.
In conclusion the embodiment of the present invention improves social force model, model parameter and the real scene pedestrian of use walk
Every trade is more to agree with, and the structured expression of model parameter is more in line with pedestrian's traveling behavior in T font structures channel,
Model is suitable for evaluation and quantization to pedestrian's traveling efficiency on the T-type structure channel of subway station.
The model that the present invention is built is suitable for the different structure in T fonts channel, different based on the setting of T font channel designs
Pedestrian stream density scene, can quantitatively provide the functional relation of the structure in walk efficiency and T fonts channel, and
The functional relation of walk efficiency and pedestrian's current density.
The embodiment of the present invention is matched based on pedestrian's social force model for track traffic station T font structures channel
Set and set the scene being likely to occur, change of the passenger flow in the pedestrian's traveling behavior of T font structures channel under analysis configuration scene condition
Change, study under different simulating scenes may passenger flow travel time changing rule on the T fonts channel of structure type, provide corresponding
Under the conditions of passenger flow by may the structure channel time computational methods, provide corresponding conditions lower channel ability and by passenger flow
Function analytic expression.The function analytic expression carries out station T-type channel Rationality Assessment, can be to improve city rail on this basis
Traffic station station facilities connection structure performance evaluation, facility layout structural improvement, daily operation passenger flow streamline optimize and answer
Emergency command provides foundation or new subway station facility geometric dimension under the conditions of urgency and connection structure optimizes providing method
It supports.The present invention is that the traffic efficiency evaluation in subway station T font structures channel and T font structures channel are improved and be provided with
The tool of power.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that：Attached drawing is the schematic diagram of one embodiment, module in attached drawing or
Flow is not necessarily implemented necessary to the present invention.
As seen through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be understood that the present invention
The mode of required general hardware platform can be added to realize by software.Based on this understanding, technical scheme of the present invention sheet
The part that contributes to existing technology can be expressed in the form of software products in other words in matter, the computer software
Product can be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disc, CD, including some instructions are used so that a calculating
Machine equipment (can be personal computer, server either network equipment etc.) executes each embodiment of the present invention or embodiment
Certain parts described in method.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, identical similar between each embodiment
Just to refer each other for part, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.Especially for dress
Set or system embodiment for, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, so describe fairly simple, related place ginseng
See the part explanation of embodiment of the method.Apparatus and system embodiment described above is only schematical, wherein institute
It states the unit illustrated as separating component may or may not be physically separated, the component shown as unit
It may or may not be physical unit, you can be located at a place, or may be distributed over multiple network element
On.Some or all of module therein can be selected according to the actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.Ability
Domain those of ordinary skill is without creative efforts, you can to understand and implement.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited to
This, any one skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, the variation that can readily occur in or replaces
It changes, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the protection of claim
Subject to range.
Claims (5)
1. the passenger flow traffic efficiency evaluation method in T fonts channel in a kind of track traffic station, which is characterized in that including：
Geometric attribute, topological structure and pedestrian's properties of flow to T fonts channel in track traffic station carry out field research,
It is for statistical analysis to field research data；
Based on the statistic analysis result of field research data, the pedestrian society in T fonts channel in track traffic station is built
Power simulation model；
According to pedestrian's social force simulation model in T fonts channel in the track traffic station, to urban track traffic vehicle
The passenger flow traffic efficiency in T fonts channel carries out simulation study in standing, and the passenger flow for obtaining T fonts channel under different simulating scenes is passed through
The simulation result of efficiency.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described to T fonts channel in track traffic station
Geometric attribute, topological structure and pedestrian's properties of flow carry out field research, including：
The geometric attribute and topological structure in T fonts channel, the geometric attribute and topology in field research track traffic station
Structure includes channel width, length, the gradient and the type of attachment at turning；
Using the row for manually following investigation and video acquisition to investigate T fonts channel in two methods investigation track traffic station
Stream of people's characteristic, pedestrian's properties of flow include pedestrian's quantity, gender, age and its corresponding ratio；It carries the pedestrian of luggage, go with
The pedestrian of trip and pedestrian's proportion of mobile terminal is used when traveling；
Intensity of passenger flow is calculated using following formula (1)：
K=n/s (1)
(1) in formula：K is intensity of passenger flow, people/m2；N is region one skilled in the art sum；S is region area, m2；
Passenger flow traveling speed is calculated using following formula (2)：
(2) in formula：V is passenger flow speed, m/s；L is distance travelled, m；tiThe time of L, s are covered for i-th of pedestrian；N is pedestrian
Number；
The changing rule of pedestrian's traveling speed under the conditions of statistical analysis difference intensity of passenger flow, it is close to obtain pedestrian's traveling speed-passenger flow
The fit equation of angle value.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the statistical analysis knot based on field research data
Fruit builds pedestrian's social force simulation model in T fonts channel in track traffic station, including：
Based on the statistic analysis result of field research data, turn in structure pedestrian T fonts channel in track traffic station
The expression formula of social force model suffered by curved region, the social force model is as follows：
In formula：miFor pedestrian's mass；For pedestrian t moment speed；For pedestrian's self drive；For pedestrian and its
The resultant force of the active force of his pedestrian；The resultant force of active force between pedestrian and peripheral obstacle；ξiFor stochastic variable：Table
Show the coefficient of piecewise function,Pedestrian is indicated in Turning regions,Then indicate pedestrian in non-turn region；WithPoint
It Biao Shi not the resistance that is subject in Turning regions of pedestrian and centripetal force；
Pedestrian turns over 90 ° from turning start to finish according to angular velocity omega, the angular speed of angle, θ and pedestrian movement that pedestrian turns over
There are following relationships between ω：
D θ/dt=ω (14)
θt+Δt=θt+Δt×ω (15)
Desired speed when pedestrian turns is decomposed into two mutually perpendicular speed, θ=0 when turning starting position, as θ increases
Until 90 °, toIncreased to by 0ByIt is reduced to 0, turn process pedestrian
Desired speed formula be：
In formulaFor the desired speed for the pedestrian that turns, self drive when to pedestrian's turning is：
The resistance that pedestrian is subject to during turning is related with the velocity magnitude reached when turning initial position and the angle turned over,
Speed and the angle turned over are bigger, and resistance is also bigger, and resistance formula is：
In formula：Model parameter A is the impact factor of pedestrian's speed, and δ is the impact factor of corner；It is fast with expectation for unit vector
Degree is opposite.
Pedestrian is acted on by the centripetal force such as turning center of arc are directed toward,Calculation formula be：
In formula：K is model parameter；vtFor pedestrian t moment speed；For unit vector, refer to perpendicular to the walking direction of pedestrian
To center of arc.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the statistical analysis knot based on field research data
Fruit builds pedestrian's social force simulation model in T fonts channel in track traffic station, further includes：
Based on the statistic analysis result of field research data, structure pedestrian in track traffic station T fonts channel it is straight
The expression formula of social force model suffered by line region, the social force model is as follows：
In formula：miFor pedestrian's mass；For pedestrian t moment speed；For the big of resultant force suffered by situation of presence pedestrian
It is small；ξiFor stochastic variable；
In formula：For pedestrian's self drive；For the resultant force of pedestrian and the active force of other pedestrians；Hinder for pedestrian and surrounding
Hinder the resultant force of the active force between object.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described according to T words in the track traffic station
Pedestrian's social force simulation model in type channel, imitates the passenger flow traffic efficiency in T fonts channel in track traffic station
True research, obtains the simulation result of the passenger flow traffic efficiency in T fonts channel under different simulating scenes, including：
Determine that the parameter of pedestrian's social force simulation model in T fonts channel in the track traffic station, the parameter include：
Pedestrian's flow, pedestrian's streamline, characteristic of pedestrian and T font channel designs, the T fonts channel design include channel width, connection
The gradient in mode and channel；Active force between pedestrian's flow and pedestrian and pedestrian is related, between pedestrian and pedestrian
Active force is calculated according to pedestrian's traveling social force model shown in above-mentioned formula (13) and formula (3)；
It is respectively set corresponding pedestrian's flow threshold for the different streamlines in T fonts channel in track traffic station, and
The endpoint of streamline carries out traffic statistics, when the flow value of statistics reaches pedestrian's flow threshold, record emulation timing statistics, according to
Pedestrian's flow threshold and emulation timing statistics determine the passenger flow traffic efficiency under current simulating scenes；
Distinguished according to different pedestrian's flows, different pedestrian's streamlines, different characteristic of pedestrian and different T font channel designs
Different simulating scenes are built, each emulation is determined with emulation timing statistics according to pedestrian's flow threshold under each simulating scenes
Passenger flow traffic efficiency under scene.
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