CN108712787B - Multichannel concurrent downlink Internet of things LoRa base station - Google Patents
Multichannel concurrent downlink Internet of things LoRa base station Download PDFInfo
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- CN108712787B CN108712787B CN201810460513.9A CN201810460513A CN108712787B CN 108712787 B CN108712787 B CN 108712787B CN 201810460513 A CN201810460513 A CN 201810460513A CN 108712787 B CN108712787 B CN 108712787B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/08—Access point devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/14—Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-path concurrent downlink IOT (Internet of things) LoRa base station, which comprises a LoRa wireless data transmission unit, a CPU (central processing unit) core processing unit, an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) core processing unit, an Ethernet data transmission unit and a GPS (global positioning system) positioning unit; the LoRa wireless data transmission unit is provided with a plurality of uplink channels and a plurality of downlink channels, the LoRa wireless data transmission unit is connected with the CPU core processing unit, the CPU core processing unit is connected with the GPS positioning unit, the CPU core processing unit is connected with the MCU core processing unit, and the MCU core processing unit is connected with the LoRa wireless data transmission unit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wireless communication base station, in particular to a multi-path concurrent downlink IOT LoRa base station.
Background
In the field of Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) applications, LoRa is one of the hottest technologies. Along with the requirement of low-power-consumption long-distance connection of the internet of things, the LoRa has thoroughly changed the field of embedded wireless communication due to the openness and flexibility of the LoRa. The LoRa technology integrates digital spread spectrum, digital signal processing and forward error correction coding technology, realizes long-distance transmission with lower power consumption, changes the balance between transmission power consumption and transmission distance, adopts the LoRa for data transmission in a wireless communication scene powered by a battery, has obvious advantages, and presents a brand new communication technology capable of realizing long distance, long pool life, large system capacity and low hardware cost, which is required by the internet of things (IOT).
At present, a commonly used LoRa base station (gateway or concentrator), which is basically a half-duplex base station with 8+1 channels, is severely asymmetric in uplink and downlink in terms of channel number, and is half-duplex communication in terms of working mode, that is, when the base station transmits data in downlink, an uplink data packet of a terminal cannot be received, the longer the time of downlink 1 packet data is, the greater the possibility of packet loss is, taking SF12 to transmit a 64-byte downlink packet as an example, the transmission time reaches 2.8 seconds, and packet loss is very likely to occur. The asymmetric channel, the terminal can not get the response when sending, can not sense whether the data packet is successfully transmitted in time, the whole communication link is open loop, and the communication is extremely unreliable. In the internet of things, the packet sending frequency of a terminal is low, if 1 data packet is lost, the fact that no data exists for 1 day or even a longer time means that no data exists, if a network is abnormal or a server is restarted, subsequent packet verification errors are caused, according to the LoRaWAN specification, the network is not sensed for half a month or even a longer time, and subsequent services based on the data cannot be expanded, so that the whole system is unreliable and incomplete.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide A multi-channel concurrent downlink LoRA base station for internet of things, which not only realizes full duplex communication, but also realizes bidirectional symmetric 8+ 8 channels for CLASS-A application, and on this basis, 2 channels are added, so that the multi-channel concurrent downlink LoRA base station has broadcasting capability, supports A CLASS-B, C downlink application scenario, realizes bidirectional peer-to-peer communication, reduces packet loss, is reliable in communication, reduces retransmission, and timely determines network drop, and finally achieves the capability of wide areA coverage, thereby realizing city-level coverage.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a multi-path concurrent downlink IOT LoRa base station comprises a LoRa wireless data transmission unit, a CPU core processing unit, an MCU core processing unit, an Ethernet data transmission unit and a GPS positioning unit;
the wireless data transmission unit of loRa is equipped with multichannel ascending channel and multichannel descending channel, the wireless data transmission unit of loRa with CPU core processing unit passes through SPI bus connection, CPU core processing unit is connected with ethernet data transmission unit, CPU core processing unit with GPS positioning unit connects, CPU core processing unit with MCU core processing unit connects, MCU core processing unit with the wireless data transmission unit of loRa connects, GPS positioning unit all with MCU core processing unit with the wireless data transmission unit of loRa connects.
As a further improved technical solution of the present invention, the ethernet data transmission unit includes a wireless ethernet interface and a wired ethernet interface.
As a further improved technical solution of the present invention, the LoRa wireless data transmission unit includes a wireless spread spectrum chip SX1301, a wireless spread spectrum chip SX1255, a wireless spread spectrum chip SX1278, a power divider, a filter, an amplifier, a duplexer, and a radio frequency antenna, the CPU core processing unit is connected to the wireless spread spectrum chip SX1301, the wireless spread spectrum chip SX1301 is connected to a plurality of the wireless spread spectrum chips SX1255, the MCU core processing unit is connected to the plurality of the wireless spread spectrum chips SX1278, the plurality of the wireless spread spectrum chips SX1278 are connected to the power divider, the power divider is connected to the filter, the filter is connected to the amplifier, the amplifier and the plurality of the wireless spread spectrum chips SX1255 are both connected to the duplexer, and the duplexer is connected to the radio frequency antenna;
wireless spread spectrum chip SX1301 and wireless spread spectrum chip SX1255 are used for through the ascending data package that duplexer and radio frequency antenna receiving terminal sent to send ascending data package to CPU core processing unit, CPU core processing unit is used for uploading the backstage server with ascending data package through wireless ethernet interface or wired ethernet interface, CPU core processing unit is used for receiving the downlink data package that backstage server sent to with downlink data package transmission to MCU core processing unit, MCU core processing unit control multichannel wireless spread spectrum chip SX1278, and loop through power divider, wave filter, amplifier, duplexer and radio frequency antenna and send downlink data package to the terminal.
As a further improved technical solution of the present invention, there are 2 wireless spread spectrum chips SX1255 and 10 wireless spread spectrum chips SX 1278.
As a further improved technical solution of the present invention, the LoRa wireless data transmission unit is provided with 8 uplink channels and 10 downlink channels.
As a further improved technical solution of the present invention, 1 downlink channel of the 10 downlink channels is a downlink broadcast channel, and the other 1 downlink channel of the 10 downlink channels is used to send a downlink request LoRa data packet actively initiated by the background server.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the wireless Ethernet interface adopts a wireless network card, and the wired Ethernet interface adopts a wired network card.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the GPS positioning unit comprises a GPS clock synchronization unit, and the GPS clock synchronization unit is respectively connected with the CPU core processing unit, the MCU core processing unit and the LoRa wireless data transmission unit so as to realize the clock synchronization of the CPU core processing unit, the MCU core processing unit and the LoRa wireless data transmission unit.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the system also comprises a power supply management unit and a reset management unit, wherein the power supply management unit is connected with the CPU core processing unit and the MCU core processing unit, and the reset management unit is connected with the CPU core processing unit and the MCU core processing unit.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the reset management unit adopts a hardware watchdog.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention can send data packets as many as 10 downlink channels, the downlink capacity is 10 times of that of the common base station, and the invention can really meet the LoRa base station of three application scenes of CLASS-A, CLASS-B, CLASS-C.
(2) The invention realizes bidirectional symmetrical 8+ 8 channels, namely 8 uplink channels and 8 downlink channels, and has definite downlink channels which are used as response channels of uplink data packets to provide response service; the invention also adds 2 paths of downlink channels, and 1 path of downlink channels has broadcasting capability, provides accurate time information, provides information such as current available channels and the like; the 1-path support CLASS-B, CLASS-C downlink application scenario, and satisfy the actively initiated downlink request of the LoRa packet by the background server.
(3) The invention adopts the dual processors of the CPU core processing unit and the MCU core processing unit to work together, thereby realizing high-efficiency communication, clear arrangement and stable and reliable overall performance of the product.
(4) The invention adopts wireless Ethernet and wired Ethernet, double link design of platform network communication, and flexible network access mode.
(5) The GPS positioning unit adopted by the invention provides time synchronization for the base station and the terminal, and keeps strict time synchronization.
The invention has ingenious conception, reasonable scheme and good actual verification effect. The method is popular in the industry of the Internet of things with low power consumption, has good market prospect, really realizes available channel detection and dynamic network switching, avoids network access for compensation and trial, timely judges network disconnection, realizes bidirectional peer-to-peer communication, reduces packet loss, reduces retransmission, finally achieves the capability of wide area coverage, and realizes urban coverage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of circuit signal transmission according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a logical structure of the LoRa wireless data transmission unit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 3:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, a multi-channel concurrent downlink LoRa base station of the internet of things includes a LoRa wireless data transmission unit, a CPU core processing unit, an MCU core processing unit, an ethernet data transmission unit and a GPS positioning unit, where the ethernet data transmission unit includes a wireless ethernet interface and a wired ethernet interface; the LoRa wireless data transmission unit is provided with a plurality of uplink channels and a plurality of downlink channels to realize full duplex communication, the LoRa wireless data transmission unit is connected with the CPU core processing unit through an SPI bus, the CPU core processing unit is used for receiving uplink data packets sent by a terminal through the LoRa wireless data transmission unit, the CPU core processing unit is connected with a wireless Ethernet interface and a wired Ethernet interface, the CPU core processing unit is used for sending the uplink data packets out (to a background server) through the wireless Ethernet interface and the wired Ethernet interface, the CPU core processing unit is connected with the GPS positioning unit, and the GPS positioning unit sends UART signals to the CPU core processing unit, namely accurate position information of the LoRa base station is provided; the CPU core processing unit is connected with the MCU core processing unit, the CPU core processing unit is used for receiving a downlink data packet (the downlink data packet sent by the background server) through a wireless Ethernet interface and a wired Ethernet interface and sending the downlink data packet to the MCU core processing unit, the MCU core processing unit is connected with the LoRa wireless data transmission unit, and the MCU core processing unit is used for sending the downlink data packet out (to a terminal) through the LoRa wireless data transmission unit; the GPS positioning units are connected with the MCU core processing unit and the LoRa wireless data transmission unit, and the GPS positioning units respectively send PPS signals to the CPU core processing unit, the MCU core processing unit and the LoRa wireless data transmission unit so as to provide time synchronization and keep strict clock synchronization; and when time synchronization is provided for the LoRa base station and the terminal, strict clock synchronization is kept. 2 processors (a CPU core processing unit and an MCU core processing unit) connected with the LoRa wireless data transmission unit work together highly, and the LoRa base station is provided with 1 wired and 1 wireless dual Ethernet transmission channel; the method has accurate GIS position information and time information.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the LoRa wireless data transmission unit in this embodiment includes a wireless spread spectrum chip SX1301, a wireless spread spectrum chip SX1255, a wireless spread spectrum chip SX1278, a power divider, a filter, an amplifier, a duplexer, and a radio frequency antenna, the CPU core processing unit is connected to the wireless spread spectrum chip SX1301, the wireless spread spectrum chip SX1301 is connected to a plurality of the wireless spread spectrum chips SX1255, the MCU core processing unit is connected to the plurality of the wireless spread spectrum chips SX1278, the plurality of the wireless spread spectrum chips SX1278 are connected to the power divider, the power divider is connected to the filter, the filter is connected to the amplifier, the amplifier and the plurality of the wireless spread spectrum chips SX1255 are both connected to the duplexer, and the radio frequency antenna are connected to the duplexer; the wireless spread spectrum chip SX1301 and the wireless spread spectrum chip SX1255 receive an uplink data packet sent by a terminal through a duplexer and a radio frequency antenna and send the uplink data packet to a CPU core processing unit, the CPU core processing unit uploads the uplink data packet to a background server through a wireless Ethernet interface or a wired Ethernet interface, the CPU core processing unit receives a downlink data packet fed back by the background server or a downlink data packet actively sent by the background server and transmits the downlink data packet to an MCU core processing unit, the MCU core processing unit controls a plurality of paths of wireless spread spectrum chips SX1278 and sends the downlink data packet to the terminal through a power divider, a filter, an amplifier, the duplexer and the radio frequency antenna in sequence. The number of the wireless spread spectrum chips SX1255 is 2, 8 uplink wireless receiving channels are realized, and the number of the wireless spread spectrum chips SX1278 is 10, and 10 downlink wireless transmitting channels are realized. In this embodiment, 10 separate wireless spread spectrum chips SX1278 are used, and a power divider, a filter, and an amplifier are used to combine multiple channels of transmission signals into 1 channel, and the 1 radio frequency antenna is shared by the reception signal and the transmission signal through a duplexer.
The wireless spread spectrum chips SX1301, SX1255 and SX1278 in the embodiment have the characteristics of strong anti-interference capability, long propagation distance, low power consumption and the like; SX1301 and SX1255 are combined to realize 8-path uplink wireless receiving channels, and the combination of A plurality of SX1278 physically realizes 10-path downlink wireless transmitting channels, wherein the 8-path downlink wireless transmitting channels correspond to the 8-path uplink wireless receiving channels, that is, in A scene applied in A CLASS-A communication mode, 1 downlink response packet corresponding to each 1 uplink packet can be provided. The LoRA wireless datA transmission unit is provided with 8 uplink channels and 10 downlink channels, 8 downlink packets in CLASS-A application are removed, and 2 downlink channels are also provided, wherein 1 downlink channel is used as A downlink broadcast channel, the other 1 downlink channel is used for sending downlink request LoRA datA packets actively initiated by the background server and is used as A downlink channel of the burst background server, and the LoRA wireless datA transmission unit is mainly oriented to A CLASS-B, CLASS-C terminal application scene. The wireless Ethernet interface adopts a wireless network card, and the wired Ethernet interface adopts a wired network card. The CPU core processing unit is remotely connected with a background server through a wireless Ethernet interface and a wired Ethernet interface.
Referring to fig. 2, the GPS positioning unit includes a GPS clock synchronization unit therein, and the GPS clock synchronization unit is connected to the CPU core processing unit, the MCU core processing unit, and the LoRa wireless data transmission unit, respectively, so as to achieve clock synchronization of the CPU core processing unit, the MCU core processing unit, and the LoRa wireless data transmission unit. The GPS clock synchronization unit also sends accurate time information to 1 downlink broadcast channel through the MCU core processing unit, so that the downlink broadcast channel sends the accurate time information.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment further includes a power management unit and a reset management unit, where the power management unit is connected to the CPU core processing unit and the MCU core processing unit, and the reset management unit is connected to the CPU core processing unit and the MCU core processing unit. The power management unit provides power for the CPU core processing unit and the MCU core processing unit. The reset management unit provides a reset function for the CPU core processing unit and the MCU core processing unit. The reset management unit adopts a hardware watchdog, the hardware watchdog detects whether a program runaway phenomenon occurs in the CPU core processing unit and the MCU core processing unit through a self timer, so as to reset the CPU core processing unit and the MCU core processing unit, and also can detect whether an undervoltage phenomenon occurs in the CPU core processing unit and the MCU core processing unit, so as to reset the CPU core processing unit and the MCU core processing unit.
There are 10 wireless channels in LoRA downlink, and for CLASS-A application, there is clear downlink channel as response channel of uplink datA packet to provide response service. In addition, an independent 1-path downlink broadcast channel is added, and accurate time information, current available channels and other information are provided for the terminal through a GPS clock synchronization unit; in addition, 1 path of instant downlink channels are opened up, and a background server is satisfied with an actively-initiated downlink request of the LoRa packet aiming at the application scene of CLASS-B, C.
The base station of this embodiment adopts CPU + MCU dual core processing unit, and CPU core processing unit passes through the SPI bus, reads the ascending data package of loRa that wireless spread spectrum chip SX1301 received, through wired or wireless ethernet, uploads the ascending data package of loRa to background server (application server). The CPU core processing unit receives a downlink command of the background server and transfers the downlink command to the MCU core processing unit, and the MCU core processing unit controls the plurality of SX1278 and executes downlink transmission of the LoRa data packet. The dual processors are in full duplex communication and work cooperatively, so that the centralized processing of LoRa data packets is realized. In this embodiment, a CPU + MCU dual-core processor is adopted to work in coordination, so as to separate sending and receiving of the LoRa packet, and the LoRa packet is forwarded to the background server by having a wired and wireless 2-way ethernet communication link.
The embodiment has (1) a GPS positioning function, provides accurate position and time information of the base station, and the GPS provides time synchronization for the base station and the terminal and keeps strict clock synchronization; (2) the end-to-end transmission of terminal data, namely the black box of the base station, is realized, and a user does not need to care about the intermediate data processing link. (3) And optimizing LoRaWAN protocol stack, namely base station de-duplication processing of data packets, and a single downlink receiving window. (4) Up to 10 downlink channels, the data packets are sent simultaneously, the downlink capacity is 10 times of that of a common base station, and the LoRa base station really meets three application scenes of CLASS-A, B, C at the same time; (5) the dual processors work cooperatively, so that the communication is efficient, the arrangement is clear, and the overall performance of the product is stable and reliable; (6) the platform network communication double link design and the network access mode are flexible.
The LoRa base station of this embodiment can thoroughly solve all unable multichannel descending defects of thing networking base station based on LoRa technique on the current world, especially can not the multichannel symmetry descending defect simultaneously, can really realize that terminal node when detecting available base station, select the communication of optimal base station, the trial access network of not blindness, blindly uplink data package when not having available channel, greatly reduced the radio interference on the license-free frequency channel, the CONFIRM frame retransmission that limited radio channel resource has received the package and can't respond to the base station not wasted, the response that the symmetric channel produced, can in time make fast the detection of falling to the net. Aiming at the application of CLASS-B, CLASS-C, a special channel is opened up, and the CLASS-B, CLASS-C application of LoRa is really realized. The 10 downlink channels greatly reduce the complexity of the downlink scheduling design of the base station, solve the problem that other data packets can not be sent when the only downlink channel is sending in the same time slice, and the whole communication network is stable and ordered. In one-to-one downlink channel, a terminal node does not need to open a plurality of RX-WINDOW receiving WINDOWs, so that the power consumption is reduced, and the service life of a battery is prolonged. The multi-channel concurrent downlink IOT LoRa base station enables a wireless channel to be a closed-loop link, and the wireless channel has the capacity of building a large network and realizing city-level coverage.
The scope of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the above embodiments, and the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and any alterations, modifications, and improvements that may occur to those skilled in the art are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a downlink thing networking LoRa basic station of multichannel concurrency which characterized in that: the system comprises a LoRa wireless data transmission unit, a CPU core processing unit, an MCU core processing unit, an Ethernet data transmission unit and a GPS positioning unit;
the LoRa wireless data transmission unit is connected with the CPU core processing unit through an SPI bus, the CPU core processing unit is connected with an Ethernet data transmission unit, the CPU core processing unit is connected with the GPS positioning unit, the CPU core processing unit is connected with the MCU core processing unit, the MCU core processing unit is connected with the LoRa wireless data transmission unit, and the GPS positioning unit is connected with the MCU core processing unit and the LoRa wireless data transmission unit;
the LoRa wireless data transmission unit comprises a wireless spread spectrum chip SX1301, a wireless spread spectrum chip SX1255, a wireless spread spectrum chip SX1278, a power divider, a filter, an amplifier, a duplexer and a radio frequency antenna, wherein the CPU core processing unit is connected with the wireless spread spectrum chip SX1301, the wireless spread spectrum chip SX1301 is connected with a plurality of wireless spread spectrum chips SX1255, the MCU core processing unit is connected with the wireless spread spectrum chips SX1278, the wireless spread spectrum chips SX1278 are connected with the power divider, the power divider is connected with the filter, the filter is connected with the amplifier, the amplifier and the wireless spread spectrum chips SX1255 are both connected with the duplexer, and the duplexer is connected with the radio frequency antenna;
the LoRa wireless data transmission unit is provided with 8 paths of uplink channels and 10 paths of downlink channels; and 1 downlink channel in the 10 downlink channels is a downlink broadcast channel, and the other 1 downlink channel in the 10 downlink channels is used for sending a downlink request LoRa data packet actively initiated by the background server.
2. The multi-path concurrent downlink internet of things LoRa base station according to claim 1, characterized in that: the Ethernet data transmission unit comprises a wireless Ethernet interface and a wired Ethernet interface.
3. The multi-path concurrent downlink internet of things LoRa base station according to claim 2, characterized in that:
wireless spread spectrum chip SX1301 and wireless spread spectrum chip SX1255 are used for through the ascending data package that duplexer and radio frequency antenna receiving terminal sent to send ascending data package to CPU core processing unit, CPU core processing unit is used for uploading the backstage server with ascending data package through wireless ethernet interface or wired ethernet interface, CPU core processing unit is used for receiving the downlink data package that backstage server sent to with downlink data package transmission to MCU core processing unit, MCU core processing unit control multichannel wireless spread spectrum chip SX1278, and loop through power divider, wave filter, amplifier, duplexer and radio frequency antenna and send downlink data package to the terminal.
4. The multi-path concurrent downlink internet of things LoRa base station according to claim 3, characterized in that: the number of the wireless spread spectrum chips SX1255 is 2, and the number of the wireless spread spectrum chips SX1278 is 10.
5. The multi-path concurrent downlink internet of things LoRa base station according to claim 2, characterized in that: the wireless Ethernet interface adopts a wireless network card, and the wired Ethernet interface adopts a wired network card.
6. The multi-path concurrent downlink internet of things LoRa base station according to claim 1, characterized in that: the GPS positioning unit comprises a GPS clock synchronization unit, and the GPS clock synchronization unit is respectively connected with the CPU core processing unit, the MCU core processing unit and the LoRa wireless data transmission unit so as to realize the clock synchronization of the CPU core processing unit, the MCU core processing unit and the LoRa wireless data transmission unit.
7. The multi-path concurrent downlink internet of things LoRa base station according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power management unit is connected with the CPU core processing unit and the MCU core processing unit, and the reset management unit is connected with the CPU core processing unit and the MCU core processing unit.
8. The multi-path concurrent downlink internet of things LoRa base station according to claim 7, wherein: the reset management unit adopts a hardware watchdog.
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| CN109634223A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-04-16 | 武汉三力通信有限责任公司 | A kind of platform of internet of things based on 3LIOT |
| CN111918394B (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2024-05-07 | 深圳长城开发科技股份有限公司 | Method for uplink data of LoRa terminal, loRa network and storage medium |
| CN110662259B (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-17 | 武汉慧联无限科技有限公司 | Message processing method and device and computer storage medium |
| CN111315041A (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2020-06-19 | 东南大学 | Full-duplex LoRa gateway supporting LoRaWAN protocol |
| CN111741544A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-10-02 | 国动物联网有限公司 | LORA full duplex base station based on GSM communication chip |
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