CN108712074A - Step-up/step-down dc-dc converter and its control of soft method - Google Patents
Step-up/step-down dc-dc converter and its control of soft method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108712074A CN108712074A CN201810542120.2A CN201810542120A CN108712074A CN 108712074 A CN108712074 A CN 108712074A CN 201810542120 A CN201810542120 A CN 201810542120A CN 108712074 A CN108712074 A CN 108712074A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of control of soft methods applied to step-up/step-down dc-dc converter, including：Step S1：It is pre-configured the first knee voltage and Second Inflexion Point voltage and output voltage reaches the first knee voltage required time, reaches the Second Inflexion Point voltage required time；Step S2：After control output voltage rises to the first knee voltage according to constant rate of speed, continue to rise to Second Inflexion Point voltage according to another constant rate of speed.Compared with prior art, the present invention is by being pre-configured two inflection points, startup is divided into two nodes, first stage establishes output voltage and reduces as early as possible starts the time, second stage ensures that the voltage error amplifier in DC-DC converter control unit can exit saturation, and output can reach desired value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of buck technologies, more particularly, to a kind of step-up/step-down dc-dc converter and its soft start control
Method processed.
Background technology
As shown in Figure 1, the converter based on buck topology includes input rectifying capacitance C1 and the main electricity of buck-boost converter
Road 1, and generate the boosting rectifier control unit and decompression control unit of drive signal.In inverter main circuit, it is depressured main switch
Q1 is connected between rectified input voltage Vin and main inductance L, and diode D1 is connected on the both ends of main inductance with boosting main switch Q2 respectively
Between ground, diode D2 is connected between main inductance and output voltage Vout.Divider resistance R1 and R2 are used for generating one properly
Output voltage feedback signal Vfb.
It is depressured control unit 2 (buck control circuit) and (the boost control of boosting rectifier control unit 3
Circuit a voltage error amplifier and pwm signal generating unit 21,31 (PWM Generator Unit)) are respectively included,
For generating the drive signal of switching device according to feedback signal Vfb.Mode switch element 4 (Mode Switch) can basis
The feedback signal of input voltage determines that current variator is operate on decompression mode or boost mode.When converter is operated in drop
When die pressing type, decompression main switch Q1 works according to drive signal, and the main switch Q2 that boosts is in " normally opened " state.Work as transformation
When device is operated in boost mode, boosting main switch Q2 works according to drive signal, and is depressured main switch Q2 and is in " normally closed "
State.Voltage error amplifier generates a voltage error signal according to output voltage feedback signal Vfb and reference voltage Vref
Ver.Pwm signal generating unit (PWM generator unit) provide a sawtooth voltage, and by voltage error signal with
Sawtooth signal is compared, to generate boost or depressurization drive signal respectively.
As shown in Figure 1, when converter starts, since output voltage is not set up also, so voltage error amplifier will be into
Enter saturation, pwm signal generating unit will export maximum duty cycle at this time, and it is right simultaneously that this will cause main inductance L to enter saturation state
Output buffering capacitance C2 causes damages.Therefore, either boosting inverter or decompression transformation, usually can all be added a soft start
Control circuit, the duty ratio of switching device control signal when for limiting startup, while making output voltage according to given speed
Rate slowly rises.However, in the converter based on buck topology, cutting for operating mode is must take into consideration in Soft Start-up Process
Change problem.The same with boost or depressurization converter, buck-boost converter is also to start by decompression mode, and output voltage is gradually
It establishes.If input voltage is sufficiently high, after output voltage reaches rated output voltage, converter will remain decompression work
Pattern, if input voltage is not high enough, converter will switch to boost mode, to ensure that output voltage can reach rated output electricity
Pressure.
It is defeated to adapt to width therefore, it is necessary to design a kind of completely new soft-start method can be applied to buck-boost converter
Enter the requirement of voltage.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide a kind of buck DC-DC to become
Parallel operation and its control of soft method.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of control of soft method applied to step-up/step-down dc-dc converter, including：
Step S1：It is pre-configured the first knee voltage and Second Inflexion Point voltage and output voltage reaches the first knee voltage
The required time reaches the Second Inflexion Point voltage required time；
Step S2：After control output voltage rises to the first knee voltage according to constant rate of speed, continue according to another constant
Rate rises to Second Inflexion Point voltage.
The step S2 is specifically included：
Step S21：Judge whether input voltage is more than the first knee voltage, if it is, S22 is thened follow the steps, if it has not,
Then follow the steps S23；
Step S22：Control converter works in decompression mode, and output voltage is made to increase according to the first decompression mode slope
Until the first knee voltage, and execute step S25；
Step S23：Control converter works in decompression mode, and output voltage is made to increase according to the first decompression mode slope
Until input voltage, and execute step S24；
Step S24：Control converter works in boost mode, and output voltage is made to increase up to the first knee voltage, and
Execute step S28；
Step S25：Judge whether input voltage is more than Second Inflexion Point voltage, if it is, S26 is thened follow the steps, if it has not,
Then follow the steps S27；
Step S26：Control converter works in decompression mode, and output voltage is made to increase according to the second decompression mode slope
Until Second Inflexion Point voltage, startup terminate；
Step S27：Control converter works in decompression mode, and output voltage is made to increase according to the second decompression mode slope
Until input voltage, and execute step S28；
Step S28：Control converter works in boost mode, and so that output voltage is increased until Second Inflexion Point voltage, is opened
It is dynamic to terminate.
The first decompression mode slope is：
Wherein：k1For the first decompression mode slope, VP1For the first knee voltage, VinFor input voltage, TP1For output voltage
Reach the first knee voltage required time.
The second decompression mode slope is：
Wherein：k2For the second decompression mode slope, VP1For the first knee voltage, VP2For Second Inflexion Point voltage, VinFor input
Voltage, TP1Reach the first knee voltage required time, T for output voltageP2Reach Second Inflexion Point voltage institute for output voltage
The time needed.
The step S24 is specially：
Control converter works in boost mode, and so that output signal the first boost mode slope of superposition is risen to first and turn
Point voltage, and execute step S28.
The first boost mode slope is：
Wherein：k3For the first boost mode slope, k1For the first decompression mode slope.
The step S28 is specially：
Control converter works in boost mode, and so that output signal the second boost mode slope of superposition is risen to second and turn
Point voltage, startup terminate.
The second boost mode slope is：
Wherein：k4For the second boost mode slope, k2For the second decompression mode slope.
The Second Inflexion Point voltage is higher than target output voltage, and the overvoltage protection of the simulation control IC less than converter
Value.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1) by being pre-configured two inflection points, startup is divided into two sections, the first stage establishes output voltage and reduce and opens as early as possible
Dynamic time, second stage ensure that the voltage error amplifier in DC-DC converter control unit can exit saturation, export energy
Enough reach desired value.
2) entered stage by stage by being depressured PWM and boosting PWM controls, realized in the form of relay and start boosting, started more flat
It is slow.
3) when devising the obtaining value method of the first decompression mode slope, output voltage can be established as early as possible and reducing startup
Between.
4) obtaining value method of the second decompression mode slope is devised, it can be ensured that the electricity in DC-DC converter control unit
Pressure error amplifier can exit saturation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the electrical block diagram of existing converter；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the electrical block diagram of converter in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the key step flow diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is output voltage schematic diagram；
Wherein：1, inverter main circuit, 2, decompression control unit, 3, boosting rectifier control unit, 4, mode switch element, 5, can
Program pwm signal generating unit.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The present embodiment is with technical solution of the present invention
Premised on implemented, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
Following embodiments.
The application designs a kind of soft Starting Technology of step-up/step-down dc-dc converter, and by the application, pwm signal occurs single
Member can adapt to different input voltages automatically, and establish output voltage according to pre-programmed curve.
Invention also provides a kind of soft-starting methods based on programmable logic device.Programmable logic device is soft
Drive signal is independently generated in start-up course, and after Soft Start-up Process, occurred by the pwm signal of DC-DC converter
Unit completes closed-loop control and continues to provide drive signal.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 discloses soft starting circuit schematic diagram according to the present invention, including one independently arranged programmable
Pwm signal generating unit 5 (Programmable PWM Generator), output voltage feedback circuit, input rectifying capacitance C1
And decompression control unit 2 (Buck Control Circuit) and boosting rectifier control list for DC-DC converter closed-loop control
2 (Boost Control Circuits) of member.
Programmable pwm signal generating unit independently generates switch during soft start independent of the control unit of converter
Device control signal, output voltage are begun setting up, once output voltage reaches preset value, the control unit of DC-DC converter will
" smooth takes over " control task, and persistently output control signal under conditions of closed loop.The core of the process is soft start knot
After beam DC-DC converter control unit how " smooth take over " control task.DC-DC converter control unit is usually using base
IC, either the driving letter of boosting inverter or decompression transformation in soft start-up process are controlled in the simulation of voltage and current double closed-loop
Number depend on output voltage and input voltage ratio.And when working normally, the duty ratio of drive signal by current inner loop peak value
The limit value of electric current or average current determines, i.e., related with load current.The principle of " smooth catcher " is：It is converted in DC-DC
Before and after device control unit catcher, the duty ratio of switching device drive signal cannot have big fluctuation, to ensure by of short duration mistake
After degree, converter can be operated under the state of a control of closed loop.
A kind of control of soft method applied to step-up/step-down dc-dc converter includes as shown in Figure 4：
Step S1：It is pre-configured the first knee voltage and Second Inflexion Point voltage and output voltage reaches the first knee voltage
The required time reaches the Second Inflexion Point voltage required time, wherein and Second Inflexion Point voltage is higher than target output voltage,
And the overvoltage protection value of the simulation control IC less than converter；
Step S2：After control output voltage rises to the first knee voltage according to constant rate of speed, continue according to another constant
Rate rises to Second Inflexion Point voltage, specifically includes：
Step S21：Judge whether input voltage is more than the first knee voltage, if it is, S22 is thened follow the steps, if it has not,
Then follow the steps S23；
Step S22：Control converter works in decompression mode, and output voltage is made to increase according to the first decompression mode slope
Until the first knee voltage, and execute step S25；
Step S23：Control converter works in decompression mode, and output voltage is made to increase according to the first decompression mode slope
Until input voltage, and execute step S24；
Wherein, the first decompression mode slope is：
Wherein：k1For the first decompression mode slope, VP1For the first knee voltage, VinFor input voltage (use virtual value),
TP1Reach the first knee voltage required time for output voltage.
Step S24：Control converter works in boost mode, and output voltage is made to increase up to the first knee voltage, and
Step S28 is executed, specially：
Control converter works in boost mode, and so that output signal the first boost mode slope of superposition is risen to first and turn
Point voltage, and execute step S28.
First boost mode slope is：
Wherein：k3For the first boost mode slope, k1For the first decompression mode slope.
Step S25：Judge whether input voltage is more than Second Inflexion Point voltage, if it is, S26 is thened follow the steps, if it has not,
Then follow the steps S27；
Step S26：Control converter works in decompression mode, and output voltage is made to increase according to the second decompression mode slope
Until Second Inflexion Point voltage, startup terminate；
Step S27：Control converter works in decompression mode, and output voltage is made to increase according to the second decompression mode slope
Until input voltage, and execute step S28；
Wherein, the second decompression mode slope is：
Wherein：k2For the second decompression mode slope, VP1For the first knee voltage, VP2For Second Inflexion Point voltage, VinFor input
Voltage (uses virtual value), TP1Reach the first knee voltage required time, T for output voltageP2Reach for output voltage
The two knee voltages required time.
Step S28：Control converter works in boost mode, and so that output voltage is increased until Second Inflexion Point voltage, is opened
It is dynamic to terminate, specially：
Control converter works in boost mode, and so that output signal the second boost mode slope of superposition is risen to second and turn
Point voltage, startup terminate.
Second boost mode slope is：
Wherein：k4For the second boost mode slope, k2For the second decompression mode slope.
Fig. 5 illustrates the waveform of output voltage Vout and voltage error amplifier output signal Ver.Work as DC-DC converter
When startup, converter output voltage rises under the control of programmable soft start unit according to given slope.And at this point, due to
Output voltage is relatively low, and voltage error amplifier immediately enters saturation, and exports maximum value, and PWM generator is caused to be saturated, and exports
Maximum value is close to 1.The output of voltage error amplifier will continue saturation state, until the signal Vfb of its reverse input end is more than
After the reference signal Vref of noninverting input, voltage error amplifier can just exit saturation, while its output signal is by maximum value
It begins to decline.At this point, the duty ratio of pwm control signal is gradually dropped to by the maximum value close to 1 close to programmable soft start control
The output duty cycle of unit processed so that " smooth catcher " is possibly realized.In the electronic circuit as shown in figure 3, it is contemplated that output buffering
Capacitance C2 has ESR.Due to the presence of the ESR, the voltage error amplifier in DC-DC converter control unit may be considered
Typical second order amplifier, descending slope of the amplifier output signal when exiting saturation depend on the uphill process of output voltage
K1 and K2, as shown in Figure 5.The selection of uphill process K1 is to establish output voltage as early as possible and reduce to start the time.The selection of K2 according to
Saturation can be exited according to the voltage error amplifier being to ensure that in DC-DC converter control unit, output can reach expectation
Value.As shown in figure 5, the rate that the uphill process K2 and voltage of output voltage rise depends on inflection point P1 and P2, wherein inflection point P2
Corresponding output voltage Vp2 is the peak of output voltage, this voltage should be less than the overvoltage protection value of simulation control IC.
The uphill process K1 and K2 of output voltage are simultaneously comprising the two kinds of operating modes that are depressured and boost.Wherein process K1 packets
3 two parts of control signal dutyfactor slope k of control signal dutyfactor slope k 1 and boost mode containing decompression mode.Work as input
When voltage Vin is more than inflection point P1 corresponding Vp1, K1 is made of k1 completely, when input voltage vin is less than the corresponding Vp1 of inflection point P1
When, K1 is made of k1 and k3 two parts.The selection gist of the control signal dutyfactor slope k 1 of decompression mode is：Work as input voltage
When higher, the saturation of main inductance is avoided while quickly establishing output voltage.The control signal dutyfactor slope of boost mode
The selection gist of k3 is：The rate and k1 that output voltage rises are consistent.Process K2 includes that the control signal of decompression mode accounts for
4 two parts of control signal dutyfactor slope k of sky than slope k 2 and boost mode.Control signal dutyfactor slope rate of rise k1
Time that can be corresponding to the input voltage and inflection point P1, P2 by converter to the value of k4 is calculated.Because soft start is total
Be since decompression mode,
Slope k 3 and k4 can be exported by following formula：
Decompression mode:
Boost mode：
Fig. 4 is the present invention relates to the program flow diagram of soft start, which is described as follows：
1, converter low pressure output condition
By decompression mode, control signal dutyfactor is determined soft start by slope k 1.Decompression main switch Q1 is at this time
Switching mode, boosting main switch Q2 are in " disconnected " state.Converter output voltage is pressed given rate and is risen, but due to transformation
Device input voltage is relatively low, and when control signal dutyfactor reaches maximum value, it is right that converter output voltage still is below inflection point P1 institutes
The voltage Vp1 answered.Converter will enter boost mode at this time, and boosting main switch Q2 is in switching mode, is depressured at main switch Q1
In " conducting " status.Control signal dutyfactor is determined that converter output voltage presses same rate after rising, until arriving by slope k 3
Up to Vp1.Hereafter the control signal dutyfactor rate of rise switches to k4, while converter operating mode remains boost mode not
Become, until output voltage reaches the corresponding voltage Vp2 of inflection point P2.
2, input condition is pressed in converter
By decompression mode, control signal dutyfactor is determined soft start by slope k 1.Due to converter input voltage compared with
Height, as the voltage Vp1 corresponding to converter output voltage reaches inflection point P1, control signal dutyfactor is still not up to maximum value.
In this case, the operating mode of converter keeps decompression mode constant, but controls signal dutyfactor and switch to slope k 2.
But when control signal dutyfactor reaches maximum value, converter output voltage still is below the voltage corresponding to inflection point P2
Vp2, at this time converter will switch to boost mode, the control signal dutyfactor rate of rise switches to k4, until output voltage reaches
To the corresponding voltage Vp2 of inflection point P2.
3, converter high input voltage condition
By decompression mode, control signal dutyfactor is determined soft start by slope k 1.Due to converter input voltage compared with
Height, as the voltage Vp1 corresponding to converter output voltage reaches inflection point P1, control signal dutyfactor is still not up to maximum value..
In this case, the operating mode of converter keeps decompression mode constant, but controls signal dutyfactor and switch to slope k 2.
Since converter input voltage is sufficiently high, output voltage will be determined according to signal dutyfactor slope k 2 in buck mode
Rate rises to the corresponding voltage Vp2 of inflection point P2.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of control of soft method applied to step-up/step-down dc-dc converter, which is characterized in that including：
Step S1：It is pre-configured the first knee voltage and Second Inflexion Point voltage and output voltage reaches needed for the first knee voltage
Time for wanting reaches the Second Inflexion Point voltage required time；
Step S2：After control output voltage rises to the first knee voltage according to constant rate of speed, continue according to another constant rate of speed
Rise to Second Inflexion Point voltage.
2. a kind of control of soft method applied to step-up/step-down dc-dc converter according to claim 1, feature exist
In the step S2 is specifically included：
Step S21：Judge whether input voltage is more than the first knee voltage, if it is, S22 is thened follow the steps, if it has not, then holding
Row step S23；
Step S22：Control converter work in decompression mode, and make output voltage according to the first decompression mode slope rise until
First knee voltage, and execute step S25；
Step S23：Control converter work in decompression mode, and make output voltage according to the first decompression mode slope rise until
Input voltage, and execute step S24；
Step S24：Control converter works in boost mode, and output voltage is made to increase up to the first knee voltage, and executes
Step S28；
Step S25：Judge whether input voltage is more than Second Inflexion Point voltage, if it is, S26 is thened follow the steps, if it has not, then holding
Row step S27；
Step S26：Control converter work in decompression mode, and make output voltage according to the second decompression mode slope rise until
Second Inflexion Point voltage, startup terminate；
Step S27：Control converter work in decompression mode, and make output voltage according to the second decompression mode slope rise until
Input voltage, and execute step S28；
Step S28：Control converter works in boost mode, and so that output voltage is increased until Second Inflexion Point voltage, starts knot
Beam.
3. a kind of control of soft method applied to step-up/step-down dc-dc converter according to claim 2, feature exist
In the first decompression mode slope is：
Wherein：k1For the first decompression mode slope, VP1For the first knee voltage, VinFor input voltage, TP1Reach for output voltage
The first knee voltage required time.
4. a kind of control of soft method applied to step-up/step-down dc-dc converter according to claim 2, feature exist
In the second decompression mode slope is：
Wherein：k2For the second decompression mode slope, VP1For the first knee voltage, VP2For Second Inflexion Point voltage, VinFor input voltage,
TP1Reach the first knee voltage required time, T for output voltageP2Reach required for Second Inflexion Point voltage for output voltage
Time.
5. a kind of control of soft method applied to step-up/step-down dc-dc converter according to claim 2, feature exist
In the step S24 is specially：
Control converter works in boost mode, and so that output signal is superimposed the first boost mode slope and rise to the first inflection point electricity
Pressure, and execute step S28.
6. a kind of control of soft method applied to step-up/step-down dc-dc converter according to claim 5, feature exist
In the first boost mode slope is：
Wherein：k3For the first boost mode slope, k1For the first decompression mode slope.
7. a kind of control of soft method applied to step-up/step-down dc-dc converter according to claim 2, feature exist
In the step S28 is specially：
Control converter works in boost mode, and so that output signal is superimposed the second boost mode slope and rise to Second Inflexion Point electricity
Pressure, startup terminate.
8. a kind of control of soft method applied to step-up/step-down dc-dc converter according to claim 7, feature exist
In the second boost mode slope is：
Wherein：k4For the second boost mode slope, k2For the second decompression mode slope.
9. a kind of control of soft method applied to step-up/step-down dc-dc converter according to claim 1, feature exist
In the Second Inflexion Point voltage is higher than target output voltage, and the overvoltage protection value of the simulation control IC less than converter.
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| CN109962627A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-07-02 | 延边中谷领创电力科技有限公司 | The plasma electric source device of Parallel Control |
| CN110289754A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-27 | 温州大学 | A kind of the fast starting control method and system of Buck circuit |
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| CN206472032U (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-09-05 | 深圳市鼎泰佳创科技有限公司 | A kind of step-up/step-down circuit |
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| US6924630B1 (en) * | 2004-02-03 | 2005-08-02 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Buck-boost power factory correction circuit |
| JP2005354860A (en) * | 2004-06-14 | 2005-12-22 | Fuji Electric Device Technology Co Ltd | Controller of step-up voltage dc-dc converter |
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| CN109962627A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-07-02 | 延边中谷领创电力科技有限公司 | The plasma electric source device of Parallel Control |
| CN110289754A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-27 | 温州大学 | A kind of the fast starting control method and system of Buck circuit |
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| CN108712074B (en) | 2019-09-27 |
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