CN108711918A - A kind of switched charge circuit - Google Patents
A kind of switched charge circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN108711918A CN108711918A CN201810958619.1A CN201810958619A CN108711918A CN 108711918 A CN108711918 A CN 108711918A CN 201810958619 A CN201810958619 A CN 201810958619A CN 108711918 A CN108711918 A CN 108711918A
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- voltage
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- switching tube
- electrically connected
- power supply
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
- H02M3/07—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/10—Control circuit supply, e.g. means for supplying power to the control circuit
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Amplifiers (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of switched charge circuits,In addition to including first switch pipe,Second switch pipe,Third switching tube,Inductance,First capacitance,Second capacitance,Driving circuit,Outside electric power selection apparatus and the first amplifying circuit,It further include voltage generation circuit,Voltage generation circuit is electrically connected with supply voltage end,Voltage based on the output of supply voltage end generates the first supply voltage,So that the voltage value of the first supply voltage is located in preset range,In order in the course of work of switched charge circuit,Within a preset range by the voltage value control of the first supply voltage,So that when electric power selection apparatus selects the first supply voltage as internal power supply,The voltage value of internal power supply can be made to be located in preset range,When during avoiding switched charge circuit from being operated in charging,The voltage value of internal power supply is unstable,Influence the work of the battery charging chip including driving circuit,Improve the stability of switched charge circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery charging, in particular to a switch charging circuit.
Background
With the development of electronic technology, more and more portable electronic devices are in use, so that the life of people is more convenient and more colorful. The lithium ion battery has the characteristic of being capable of being charged repeatedly, and gradually becomes a power supply of the portable electronic equipment, so that the charging chip for charging the lithium ion battery has a wide application market.
The existing charging technology is divided into linear charging and switch charging, and the efficiency of the switch charging is higher. Therefore, it is an urgent technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art to provide a switching charging circuit with a stable supply voltage.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problem, embodiments of the present invention provide a switch charging circuit, which can provide a relatively stable power supply voltage.
In order to solve the above problems, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
a switched charging circuit for charging a lithium ion battery, the switched charging circuit comprising: the circuit comprises a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a third switching tube, an inductor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a driving circuit, a power selector, a first amplifying circuit and a voltage generating circuit; wherein,
the voltage generation circuit is electrically connected with the power supply voltage end and generates a first power supply voltage based on the voltage output by the power supply voltage end so that the voltage value of the first power supply voltage is within a preset range;
the control end of the first switching tube is electrically connected with the first amplifying circuit, the first end of the first switching tube is electrically connected with the power supply voltage end, and the second end of the first switching tube is grounded through a first capacitor;
the control end of the second switching tube is electrically connected with the driving circuit, the first end of the second switching tube is electrically connected with the second end of the first switching tube, and the second end of the second switching tube is electrically connected with the first end of the third switching tube;
the control end of the third switching tube is electrically connected with the driving circuit, the first end of the third switching tube is electrically connected with the second end of the second switching tube, and the second end of the third switching tube is grounded;
the first end of the inductor is electrically connected with the second end of the second switching tube, and the second end of the inductor is electrically connected with the first end of the second capacitor;
the first end of the second capacitor is electrically connected with the second end of the inductor, the second end of the second capacitor is grounded, and the first end of the second capacitor is used as a voltage output end to charge the lithium ion battery. The voltage output by the voltage output end is a second power supply voltage;
the first input end of the power supply selector is electrically connected with the voltage generating circuit, the second input end of the power supply selector is electrically connected with the voltage output end, the output end of the power supply selector is electrically connected with the driving circuit and the amplifying circuit, and the larger value of the first power supply voltage and the second power supply voltage is selected to be output to the driving circuit and the amplifying circuit.
Optionally, the voltage generating circuit includes: the second amplifying circuit, the first Zener diode and the fourth switching tube;
the input end of the second amplifying circuit is electrically connected with the power supply voltage end, and the output end of the second amplifying circuit is grounded through the first Zener diode;
the control end of the fourth switching tube is electrically connected with the output end of the second amplifying circuit, the first end of the fourth switching tube is electrically connected with the power supply voltage end, and the second end of the fourth switching tube is electrically connected with the first input end of the power supply selector;
optionally, the voltage withstand level of the fourth switching tube is higher than that of the first switching tube.
Optionally, the voltage generating circuit further includes: and the first resistor is positioned between the power supply voltage end and the input end of the second amplifying circuit.
Optionally, the voltage generating circuit further includes: and one end of the second Zener diode is electrically connected with the input end of the second amplifying circuit, and the second end of the second Zener diode is grounded.
Optionally, the second amplifying circuit is a charge pump.
Optionally, the method further includes: a sampling resistor between the inductor and the second capacitor; the sampling circuit is used for acquiring signals on the sampling resistor; the driving circuit also adjusts the duty ratio of the second switching tube and/or the third switching tube based on the control instruction output by the sampling circuit so as to maintain the voltage of the voltage output end of the switch charging circuit stable.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the following advantages:
in the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the first switch tube, the second switch tube, the third switch tube, the inductor, the first capacitor, the second capacitor, the driving circuit, the power supply selector, and the first amplifying circuit, the voltage generating circuit is further included, and the voltage generating circuit is electrically connected to the power supply voltage terminal, and generates the first power supply voltage based on the voltage output by the power supply voltage terminal, so that the voltage value of the first power supply voltage is within a preset range, so that in the working process (including the charging period) of the switch charging circuit, the voltage value of the first power supply voltage is controlled within the preset range, and thus when the power supply selector selects the first power supply voltage as the internal power supply, the voltage value of the internal power supply is within the preset range, and when the switch charging circuit works in the charging period is avoided, the voltage value of the internal power supply is unstable, the work of the battery charging chip including the driving circuit is influenced, and the stability of the switch charging circuit is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a charging chip of a lithium ion battery in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a switch charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a switch charging circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a switch charging circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a switch charging circuit according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a switch charging circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a switch charging circuit according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of a switch charging circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of a charge pump according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a circuit structure of a charging chip of a lithium ion battery in the prior art. As can be seen from fig. 1, the lithium ion battery charging chip includes:
a first switch tube M1 electrically connected to the supply voltage terminal VBUS, wherein a control terminal of the first switch tube M1 is electrically connected to the charge pump, a first terminal of the first switch tube is electrically connected to the supply voltage terminal VBUS, and a second terminal of the first switch tube is grounded through a first capacitor C1, wherein a common terminal of the first switch tube M1 and the first capacitor C1 defines a node PMID;
a drive circuit;
a second switching tube M2 and a third switching tube M3 electrically connected to the driving circuit, wherein a control terminal of the second switching tube M2 is electrically connected to the driving circuit, a first terminal is electrically connected to a common terminal of the first switching tube M1 and the first capacitor C1, a second terminal is electrically connected to a first terminal of the third switching tube M3, a control terminal of the third switching tube is electrically connected to the driving circuit, and the second terminal is grounded;
a series branch electrically connected to a common terminal of the second switching tube M2 and the third switching tube M3, the series branch comprising an inductance L and a sampling resistance Rsns connected in series;
a second capacitor C2 and a lithium ion battery which are electrically connected with the side of the common end of the series branch, which is far away from the second switching tube M2 and the third switching tube M3, wherein one end of the second capacitor C2, which is far away from the series branch, is grounded;
a first resistor R1, one end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected with the supply voltage end VBUS and the common end of the first switch tube M1, and the other end is grounded through a Zener diode D;
and a first input end of the power supply selector is electrically connected with the common end of the first resistor R1 and the Zener diode D, a second input end of the power supply selector is electrically connected with the common end of the second capacitor C2 and the battery, and an output end of the power supply selector is electrically connected with the driving circuit and the charge pump to provide working voltage for the driving circuit and the charge pump.
When the second switching tube M2 is turned on and the third switching tube M3 is turned off, the supply voltage terminal VBUS supplies power to the lithium ion battery through the first switching tube M1 and the second switching tube M2, and charges the inductor L and the second capacitor C2, and charges are stored by using the inductor L and the second capacitor C2; when the second switching tube M2 is turned off and the third switching tube M3 is turned on, power is continuously supplied to the lithium ion battery by the inductor L and the second capacitor C2.
During specific work, after the power supply voltage end VBUS is powered on, a first power supply voltage Vcc is generated through a branch where the first resistor R1 and the Zener diode D are located, and the voltage value of the first power supply voltage Vcc is equal to the voltage value of the power supply voltage end VBUS, namely the voltage drop generated on the first resistor R1. Specifically, when the supply voltage terminal VBUS is a low voltage, the zener diode D is not broken down, and almost no current flows through the first resistor R1, so that no voltage drop occurs across the first resistor R1, and the voltage of the first supply voltage Vcc in a quiescent state is the voltage output by the supply voltage terminal VBUS; when the supply voltage terminal VBUS is a high voltage, the zener diode D is broken down, a current flows through the first resistor R1, a voltage drop is generated across the first resistor R1, and the zener diode D has a voltage stabilizing characteristic (i.e., after the zener diode is broken down, a voltage difference across the zener diode is stabilized at a voltage value, which is about 5.6V), so that the first supply voltage Vcc is clamped at a stable low voltage value by the zener diode. The power supply selector selects the larger value of the first power supply voltage Vcc and the second power supply voltage VBAT as the internal power supply Vmax. Specifically, when a voltage is input at the supply voltage end VBUS, the switch chip is in a charging state, the second supply voltage VBAT is small, and the power supply selector selects the first supply voltage Vcc as the internal supply voltage Vmax; when the supply voltage end VBUS end is suspended, the power supply selector selects the second supply voltage VBAT as the internal supply voltage Vmax to maintain the normal operation of the charging chip. The internal power supply Vmax is used for providing working voltage for components such as a driving circuit and a charge pump in the charging chip.
In addition, the charging chip may further include a bandgap reference circuit, a loop control circuit, and/or a protection circuit electrically connected to the internal power supply Vmax, which is not limited in the present invention, as the case may be.
It should be noted that, since the maximum value of the current that the zener diode can withstand when breaking down is limited, the resistance value of the first resistor R1 usually reaches to a kilo-ohm level, so that when the voltage value of the supply voltage terminal VBUS is ensured to be high, which causes the zener diode to break down, the current flowing through the zener diode is not too large, which causes the zener diode to be burned down.
It should be further noted that, when the driving circuit drives the second switch tube M2 and the third switch tube M3 to switch, a current spike of hundreds of milliamperes may be required, and therefore, when the power supply selector selects the first power supply voltage Vcc as the internal power supply Vmax of the driving circuit, if the second switch tube M2 and the third switch tube M3 generate a switching action, a current of hundreds of milliamperes may flow through the first resistor R1, so that a voltage drop larger than a stable operating state (i.e. a state where no switching operation is generated) of the second switch tube M2 and the third switch tube M3 is generated on the first resistor R1, which results in an unstable first power supply voltage, thereby causing unstable voltage of the internal power supply Vmax of the charging chip, which affects operation of the battery charging chip including the driving circuit, and even causes an error of the switching chip control logic in a severe case, with unpredictable consequences.
Therefore, it is an urgent technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art to provide a switching charging circuit with a stable supply voltage.
In view of the above, one embodiment of the present invention provides a switching charging circuit for charging a lithium ion battery. As shown in fig. 2, the switch charging circuit provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes: the circuit comprises a first switching tube M1, a second switching tube M2, a third switching tube M3, an inductor L, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a driving circuit, a power supply selector, a first amplifying circuit and a voltage generating circuit; wherein,
the voltage generating circuit is electrically connected with the supply voltage end VBUS and generates a first supply voltage V1 based on the voltage output by the supply voltage end VBUS, so that the voltage value of the first supply voltage V1 is within a preset range;
a control end of the first switch tube M1 is electrically connected with the first amplifying circuit, a first end is electrically connected with a supply voltage end VBUS, and a second end is grounded through a first capacitor C1;
the control end of the second switch tube M2 is electrically connected with the driving circuit, the first end is electrically connected with the second end of the first switch tube M1, and the second end is electrically connected with the first end of the third switch tube M3;
the control end of the third switch tube M3 is electrically connected with the driving circuit, the first end is electrically connected with the second end of the second switch tube M2, and the second end is grounded;
a first end of the inductor L is electrically connected with a second end of the second switch tube M2, and a second end of the inductor L is electrically connected with a first end of the second capacitor C2;
a first end of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to a second end of the inductor L, a second end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded, and a first end of the second capacitor C2 is used as a voltage output end VBAT to charge the lithium ion battery. The voltage output by the voltage output end VBAT is a second power supply voltage V2;
the first input end of the power supply selector is electrically connected with the voltage generation circuit, the second input end of the power supply selector is electrically connected with the voltage output end VBAT, the output end of the power supply selector is electrically connected with the driving circuit and the first amplifying circuit, and the larger value of the first power supply voltage V1 and the second power supply voltage V2 is selected to be output to the driving circuit and the first amplifying circuit.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first amplifying circuit is configured to amplify the voltage Vmax input by the input terminal of the first amplifying circuit and output the amplified voltage Vmax to control the operating state of the first switching tube M1, so as to control the operating state of the switching charging circuit, where the operating state of the first switching tube includes that the first switching tube operates in a cut-off region, the first switching tube operates in a linear amplification region, and/or the first switching tube operates in a saturation region. Optionally, the first switching tube operates in a linear amplification region, and the current output by the second end of the first switching tube is multiplied with the current input by the first end of the first switching tube, so as to ensure the requirement of the second switching tube and the third switching tube for the current flowing through the second switching tube and the third switching tube in the switch charging circuit.
Optionally, the voltage at the output end of the first amplifying circuit may be twice the voltage at the input end of the first amplifying circuit, or may be other times of the voltage at the input end of the first amplifying circuit. Specifically, in addition to the above-mentioned embodiments, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first amplifying circuit is a charge pump, but the present invention is not limited to this, as long as the on state of the first switching tube M1 can be controlled based on the voltage output by the power supply selector, and the operating state of the switching charging circuit can be controlled.
Specifically, when the voltage is input at the supply voltage end VBUS, the switch charging circuit is in a charging state, the second supply voltage V2 is small, and the power supply selector selects the first supply voltage V1 as the internal supply voltage Vmax; when the supply voltage end VBUS end is suspended, the power supply selector selects the second supply voltage V2 as the internal supply voltage Vmax to maintain the normal operation inside the switch charging circuit.
It should be noted that, during the operation of the switch charging circuit, if the voltage of the supply voltage terminal VBUS changes when the first switch tube is in the linear amplification region, the voltage of the second terminal PMID of the first switch tube may also change accordingly, so as to affect the charging voltage of the switch charging circuit, therefore, in order to reduce the voltage floating of the second terminal PMID of the first switch tube during the operation of the switch charging circuit, the second terminal of the first switch tube is grounded through the first capacitor C1, so that the voltage of the second terminal of the first switch tube M1 is stabilized by the charging and discharging of the first capacitor C1.
The switch charging circuit provided by the embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the first switch tube M1, the second switch tube M2, the third switch tube M3, the inductor L, the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, the driving circuit, the power supply selector, and the first amplifying circuit, further includes a voltage generating circuit, the voltage generating circuit is electrically connected to the supply voltage terminal VBUS, and generates the first supply voltage V1 based on the voltage output by the supply voltage terminal VBUS, so that the voltage value of the first supply voltage V1 is within a preset range, so that the voltage value of the internal power supply Vmax can be within the preset range when the power supply selector selects the first supply voltage as the internal power supply Vmax during the operation process (including the charging process) of the switch charging circuit, the driving circuit does not need a current spike at the level of hundreds of milliamperes to cause large floating when the driving circuit drives the second switching tube M2 and the third switching tube M3 to be switched, so that the first power supply voltage is relatively stable in the switch charging circuit provided by the embodiment of the invention, the problem that the power supply Vmax is unstable due to the fact that the driving circuit needs a current spike at the level of hundreds of milliamperes when the driving circuit drives the second switching tube M2 and the third switching tube M3 to be switched in the prior art is solved, and therefore the switch charging circuit works abnormally is solved, and the stability of the switch charging circuit is improved.
Specifically, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the voltage generation circuit includes: a second amplifying circuit, a first zener diode D1 and a fourth switching tube M4, wherein a first terminal (i.e., an input terminal) of the second amplifying circuit is electrically connected to the supply voltage terminal VBUS, and a second terminal (i.e., an output terminal) is grounded through the first zener diode D1;
the control end of the fourth switching tube M4 is electrically connected to the second end (i.e., the output end) of the second amplifying circuit, the first end is electrically connected to the supply voltage end VBUS, and the second end is electrically connected to the first input end of the power selector.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the second amplifying circuit is configured to amplify the voltage input by the input terminal Vdd and output the amplified voltage, and optionally, the voltage of the output terminal Vcc of the second amplifying circuit may be twice the voltage of the input terminal Vdd of the second amplifying circuit, or may be other multiples of the voltage of the input terminal Vdd of the second amplifying circuit. Optionally, the second amplifying circuit is a charge pump. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, as the case may be.
The operation of the switch charging circuit will be described below by taking an example in which the voltage at the output terminal of the second amplifying circuit is twice the voltage at the input terminal of the second amplifying circuit.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the switch charging circuit works specifically, the power supply voltage end
VBUS starts to be powered up, the voltage of the supply voltage end VBUS gradually increases from zero to the operating voltage of the switching charging circuit, in the process, the voltage of the input terminal Vdd of the second amplifying circuit gradually increases, the voltage of the output terminal Vcc of the second amplifying circuit also gradually increases, the fourth switching tube M4 is gradually opened until the voltage of the output terminal Vcc of the second amplifying circuit is greater than the breakdown voltage of the first zener diode D1, the first zener diode D1 is broken down, thereafter, the voltage of the input terminal Vdd of the second amplifying circuit increases again, the voltage of the output terminal Vcc of the second amplifying circuit also does not increase again, but is stabilized at a fixed voltage value by the first zener diode D1, so that the fourth switching tube M4 operates in a saturation region, at this time, the voltage Vcc-Vg output by the second terminal of the fourth switching tube is equal to-Vgs, under the control of the voltage of the control end of the fourth switching tube, the voltage of the fourth switching tube does not change with the voltage change of the first end (i.e. the supply voltage end VBUS), so that the voltage output by the second end of the fourth switching tube is maintained at a stable value, i.e. the voltage value of the first supply voltage is maintained at a stable value, and further, when the power supply selector selects the first supply voltage as the internal supply voltage Vmax, the voltage value of the internal supply voltage Vmax can be within a preset range, and the phenomenon that the supply voltage Vmax is unstable due to the fact that the driving circuit needs a current spike of hundreds of milliamperes when the driving circuit drives the second switching tube M2 and the third switching tube M3 to switch is solved, therefore, the problem of abnormal operation of the switch charging circuit is caused, and the stability of the switch charging circuit is improved.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the control terminal of the fourth switching tube M4 is electrically connected to the supply voltage terminal VBUS through the second amplifying circuit, so that not only the direct control of the supply voltage terminal VBUS on the control terminal of the fourth switching tube M4 may be isolated, but also the voltage output by the supply voltage terminal VBUS may be amplified and provided to the control terminal of the fourth switching tube M4 in the process that the voltage of the supply voltage terminal VBUS is gradually increased from zero to the working voltage of the switching charging circuit, so as to shorten the time when the voltage of the control terminal of the fourth switching tube reaches the breakdown voltage of the first zener diode, so that the fourth switching tube enters the stable working state as soon as possible.
Since the breakdown voltage of the first zener diode D1 is about 5.6V, which is related to the specific manufacturing process thereof, optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the preset range is 0V to 5V, including a right end value, so that each component circuit of the switch charging circuit operates in a voltage range of 5V, and the cost and power consumption of the switch charging circuit are reduced, but the present invention is not limited thereto, depending on the circumstances.
It should be noted that, since the withstand voltage of the switching tube operating in the saturation region is smaller than the withstand voltage of the switching tube operating in the linear amplification region, and after the switching charging circuit provided in the embodiment of the present invention enters a stable operating state, the first switching tube operates in the linear amplification region, and the fourth switching tube operates in the saturation region, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the withstand voltage level of the fourth switching tube is higher than that of the first switching tube, so as to ensure that the fourth switching tube can operate in the saturation region at any time when the first switching tube operates in the linear amplification region.
Alternatively, on the basis of the above embodiments, in one embodiment of the present invention, the voltage-withstanding level of the fourth switching tube is higher than the voltage-withstanding level of the first switching tube by one voltage level, in another embodiment of the present invention, the voltage-withstanding level of the fourth switching tube is higher than the voltage-withstanding level of the first switching tube by two voltage levels, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the voltage-withstanding level of the fourth switching tube may also be higher than the voltage-withstanding level of the first switching tube by three or more voltage levels, which is not limited by the present invention, as long as it is ensured that the voltage-withstanding level of the fourth switching tube is higher than the voltage-withstanding level of the first switching tube. Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first switching tube is a 12V high-voltage tube, and it is safe that the fourth switching tube selects a 20V high-voltage tube.
It should be noted that, in any of the above embodiments, the input terminal Vdd of the second amplification circuit is directly electrically connected to the supply voltage terminal VBUS, that is, the voltage of the supply voltage terminal VBUS is directly used as the voltage of the input terminal Vdd of the second amplification circuit, so that the operating voltage of the second amplification circuit is relatively high, the power consumption is relatively high, and the requirement on the maximum operating voltage that can be borne by each component in the second amplification circuit is relatively high.
In order to reduce the power consumption of the second amplifying circuit and the requirement for the maximum operating voltage that can be borne by each component element in the second amplifying circuit, on the basis of the above embodiments, in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the voltage generating circuit further includes: the first resistor R1 is located between the supply voltage end VBUS and the input end of the second amplifying circuit, so that the voltage division is performed by the first resistor R1, the voltage of the input end of the second amplifying circuit is equal to the voltage output by the supply voltage end VBUS minus the voltage drop on the first resistor R1, and therefore the power consumption of the second amplifying circuit is reduced, and the requirement on the maximum working voltage which can be borne by each component element in the second amplifying circuit is reduced.
It should be further noted that, because the first resistor R1 has a relatively limited ability to regulate voltage, when an abnormally high voltage occurs at the supply voltage end VBUS, even if the first resistor R1 shares a partial voltage drop, the voltage at the input end of the second amplifying circuit may still be relatively high, based on this, in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the voltage generating circuit further includes: and a second zener diode D2, wherein one end of the second zener diode D2 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the second amplifying circuit (i.e., one end of the second zener diode D2 is electrically connected to the common terminal of the first resistor R1 and the second amplifying circuit), and the other end is grounded. In the embodiment of the present invention, when an abnormally high voltage occurs at the supply voltage end VBUS, the voltage Vdd at the input end of the second amplification circuit is also high, at this time, the second zener diode D2 is broken down, and the voltage Vdd at the input end of the second amplification circuit is stabilized at a fixed value (the breakdown voltage of the second zener diode D2), so that the operating voltage of the second amplification circuit is controlled within the breakdown voltage range of the second zener diode D2, the power consumption of the second amplification circuit is further reduced, and the requirement on the maximum operating voltage that can be borne by each component element in the second amplification circuit is reduced.
On the basis of any one of the above embodiments, in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, a first terminal of the first switching tube is a source terminal of the first switching tube, and a second terminal of the first switching tube is a drain terminal of the first switching tube; in another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, the first terminal of the first switching tube is a drain terminal of the first switching tube, and the second terminal of the first switching tube is a source terminal of the first switching tube. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention is specifically determined by the operating voltage of the switch charging circuit.
It should be noted that, due to the characteristic of forward conduction of the diode, when the source terminal of the first switch tube is electrically connected to the supply voltage terminal VBUS and the drain terminal of the first switch tube is electrically connected to the first capacitor C1, the body diode formed by the first switch tube M1 points to the supply voltage terminal VBUS and deviates from the common terminal PMID of the first switch tube and the first capacitor. Therefore, in the operation process of the switching charging circuit, a voltage difference between two ends of the first switching tube M1 (i.e., a voltage difference between the supply voltage end VBUS and the node PMID) does not exceed the conduction voltage drop of the body diode, so that when the supply voltage end VBUS is a high voltage, the node PMID electrically connected to the first switching tube through the first switching tube is also a high voltage, and further, the subsequent second switching tube M2 and the third switching tube M3 must be high-voltage power tubes to ensure the normal operation of the switching charging circuit, which is relatively high in cost.
When the drain terminal of the first switch transistor M1 is electrically connected to the supply voltage terminal VBUS, and the source terminal is electrically connected to the first capacitor, the body diode formed by the first switch M1 is directed to the supply voltage terminal VBUS, away from the node PMID, when the supply voltage terminal VBUS is a low voltage, the first switch transistor M1 is controlled to conduct by the first amplifying circuit, the node PMID is also a low voltage, when the supply voltage terminal VBUS is a high voltage, the first switch tube M1 is controlled to be turned off by the first amplifying circuit, since the body diode of the first switch M1 is turned off in the reverse direction, the node PMID is also at a low voltage, i.e., whether the supply voltage terminal VBUS is high or low, the node PMID in the switch charging circuit is always maintained at a low voltage, therefore, the subsequent second switching tube M2 and the subsequent third switching tube M3 can both adopt low-voltage power tubes, and the cost of the switch charging circuit can be further reduced.
On the basis of any one of the above embodiments, in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, the switch charging circuit further includes: a sampling resistance Rsns between the inductance L and the second capacitance C2; a sampling circuit (not shown in the figure) for collecting the signal on the sampling resistor Rsns; the driving circuit also adjusts the duty ratio of the second switching tube M2 and/or the third switching tube M3 based on the control instruction output by the sampling circuit so as to maintain the voltage of the voltage output end of the switch charging circuit stable.
In addition, the switch charging circuit may further include a bandgap reference circuit, a loop control circuit, and/or a protection circuit electrically connected to the internal power supply Vmax, which is not limited in the present invention, and is determined as the case may be.
On the basis of any one of the above embodiments, in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 9, the charge pump includes: a ring oscillator, a first composition leg and a second composition leg, the first composition leg comprising: the first inverter G1, the third capacitor C3, the fifth switch tube M5 and the sixth switch tube M6, the second component branch comprises: a second inverter G2, a third inverter G3, a fourth capacitor C4, a seventh switch tube M7 and an eighth switch tube M8; wherein,
a first end of the first inverter G1 is electrically connected to the ring oscillator, a second end of the first inverter G1 is electrically connected to the third capacitor C3, another end of the third capacitor C3 is electrically connected to a control terminal of the fifth switching tube M5 and to a control terminal of a sixth switching tube M6, a first end of the fifth switching tube M5 is electrically connected to a second end of the sixth switching tube M6, a second end of the fourth transistor M4 is an input end of the charge pump, and a first end of the sixth switching tube M6 is an output end of the charge pump;
the first end of the second phase inverter G2 is electrically connected to the ring oscillator, the second end is electrically connected to the first end of the third phase inverter G3, the second end of the third phase inverter G3 is electrically connected to the fourth capacitor C4, the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the seventh switch tube M7, and is electrically connected to the control terminal of the eighth switch tube M8, the first end of the seventh switch tube M7 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the eighth switch tube M8, the second end of the sixth transistor M6 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the fourth switch tube, which is also the input terminal of the charge pump, the first end of the eighth switch tube M8 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the sixth switch tube M6, which is also the output terminal of the charge pump.
Optionally, the ring oscillator includes: a third component branch comprising a fourth inverter G4, a fifth inverter G5 and a sixth inverter G6 connected in series in this order, a fourth component branch comprising a seventh inverter G7, an eighth inverter G8 and a second resistor R2 connected in series in this order, and a fifth capacitor C5, wherein,
one end of the fifth capacitor C5 is grounded, and the other end is electrically connected with the third component branch and the fourth component branch;
a first terminal of a fourth inverter G4 is electrically connected to the fifth capacitor C5, a second terminal of the fourth inverter G4 is electrically connected to a first terminal of the fifth inverter G5, a second terminal of the fifth inverter G5 is electrically connected to a first terminal of a sixth inverter G6, and a second terminal of the sixth inverter G6 is electrically connected to the first and second component branches for an output terminal of the ring oscillator;
a first end of the seventh inverter G7 is an output end of the ring oscillator, and is electrically connected to the first component branch and the second component branch, a second end of the seventh inverter G7 is electrically connected to a first end of the eighth inverter G8, a second end of the eighth inverter G8 is electrically connected to a second resistor R2, and another end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the fifth capacitor C5.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the amplifying circuit or the charge pump may have other implementations, which are not limited in the present invention, as the case may be.
To sum up, the switch charging circuit provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes, in addition to the first switch tube, the second switch tube, the third switch tube, the inductor, the first capacitor, the second capacitor, the driving circuit, the power supply selector, and the first amplifying circuit, a voltage generating circuit, where the voltage generating circuit is electrically connected to the power supply voltage terminal, and generates the first power supply voltage based on the voltage output by the power supply voltage terminal, so that the voltage value of the first power supply voltage is within a preset range, so that the voltage value of the first power supply voltage is controlled within the preset range during the operation of the switch charging circuit (including the charging period), so that when the power supply selector selects the first power supply voltage as the internal power supply, the voltage value of the internal power supply can be within the preset range, and when the switch charging circuit operates during the charging period is avoided, the voltage value of the internal power supply is unstable, the work of the battery charging chip including the driving circuit is influenced, and the stability of the switch charging circuit is improved.
In the description, each part is described in a progressive manner, each part is emphasized to be different from other parts, and the same and similar parts among the parts are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. A switched charging circuit for charging a lithium ion battery, the switched charging circuit comprising: the circuit comprises a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a third switching tube, an inductor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a driving circuit, a power selector, a first amplifying circuit and a voltage generating circuit; wherein,
the voltage generation circuit is electrically connected with the power supply voltage end and generates a first power supply voltage based on the voltage output by the power supply voltage end so that the voltage value of the first power supply voltage is within a preset range;
the control end of the first switching tube is electrically connected with the first amplifying circuit, the first end of the first switching tube is electrically connected with the power supply voltage end, and the second end of the first switching tube is grounded through a first capacitor;
the control end of the second switching tube is electrically connected with the driving circuit, the first end of the second switching tube is electrically connected with the second end of the first switching tube, and the second end of the second switching tube is electrically connected with the first end of the third switching tube;
the control end of the third switching tube is electrically connected with the driving circuit, the first end of the third switching tube is electrically connected with the second end of the second switching tube, and the second end of the third switching tube is grounded;
the first end of the inductor is electrically connected with the second end of the second switching tube, and the second end of the inductor is electrically connected with the first end of the second capacitor;
the first end of the second capacitor is electrically connected with the second end of the inductor, the second end of the second capacitor is grounded, the first end of the second capacitor is used as a voltage output end to charge the lithium ion battery, and the voltage output by the voltage output end is a second power supply voltage;
the first input end of the power supply selector is electrically connected with the voltage generating circuit, the second input end of the power supply selector is electrically connected with the voltage output end, the output end of the power supply selector is electrically connected with the driving circuit and the amplifying circuit, and the larger value of the first power supply voltage and the second power supply voltage is selected to be output to the driving circuit and the amplifying circuit.
2. The switched charging circuit of claim 1, wherein the voltage generation circuit comprises: the second amplifying circuit, the first Zener diode and the fourth switching tube;
the input end of the second amplifying circuit is electrically connected with the power supply voltage end, and the output end of the second amplifying circuit is grounded through the first Zener diode;
the control end of the fourth switch tube is electrically connected with the output end of the second amplifying circuit, the first end of the fourth switch tube is electrically connected with the power supply voltage end, and the second end of the fourth switch tube is electrically connected with the first input end of the power supply selector.
3. The switched charging circuit of claim 2, wherein the fourth switching tube has a higher voltage rating than the first switching tube.
4. The switched charging circuit of claim 2, wherein the voltage generation circuit further comprises:
and the first resistor is positioned between the power supply voltage end and the input end of the second amplifying circuit.
5. The switched charging circuit of claim 4, wherein the voltage generation circuit further comprises: and one end of the second Zener diode is electrically connected with the input end of the second amplifying circuit, and the second end of the second Zener diode is grounded.
6. The switched charging circuit of claim 2, wherein the second amplification circuit is a charge pump.
7. The switched charging circuit of claim 1, further comprising:
a sampling resistor between the inductor and the second capacitor;
the sampling circuit is used for acquiring signals on the sampling resistor;
the driving circuit also adjusts the duty ratio of the second switching tube and/or the third switching tube based on the control instruction output by the sampling circuit so as to maintain the voltage of the voltage output end of the switch charging circuit stable.
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| CN201810958619.1A CN108711918B (en) | 2018-08-22 | 2018-08-22 | Switch charging circuit |
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| CN108711918B (en) | 2023-12-12 |
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Address after: Room 1201, No.2, Lane 908, Xiuwen Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201199 Patentee after: SHANGHAI AWINIC TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: Room 303-39, building 33, 680 Guiping Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200233 Patentee before: SHANGHAI AWINIC TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |