CN108710181B - Low-loss detection light extraction method and light extraction mechanism - Google Patents
Low-loss detection light extraction method and light extraction mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN108710181B CN108710181B CN201810534148.1A CN201810534148A CN108710181B CN 108710181 B CN108710181 B CN 108710181B CN 201810534148 A CN201810534148 A CN 201810534148A CN 108710181 B CN108710181 B CN 108710181B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4286—Optical modules with optical power monitoring
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4287—Optical modules with tapping or launching means through the surface of the waveguide
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
- H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-loss detection light extraction method and a light extraction mechanism, which comprises that a light extraction component is arranged between two opposite light interface ends, two ends of the light extraction component are respectively in butt joint with the ends of the light interfaces, optical fibers are arranged in the light extraction component and the light interfaces, and the outer ends of the optical fibers are in butt joint with each other; and the two ends of the light extraction component are provided with selective films, and the selective films can filter detection light with specific wavelength and form certain blocking for the detection light transmitted to the detection light. Under the condition that the structure and the path of the internal optical fiber are not required to be damaged, the detection light can be selectively extracted according to the requirements, and the reasonable extraction is carried out according to the action of the selection film, so that the follow-up detection light has a propagation space, the utilization sustainability is realized, and the transmission quality and the low loss rate of the communication light are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a low-loss detection light extraction method and a light extraction mechanism.
Background
In recent years, in the field of communications, an optical fiber capable of high-speed and large-capacity transmission has become a main stream of transmission lines, and has been further developed. With the following, especially in the related equipment of optical communication such as data center or telecommunication room, frequent construction works such as change or abandonment, increase of optical transmission path are carried out, the present management mode is through marking paper label on the jumper wire, manage the optical fiber communication direction address and the transmission content of this port, but because a large amount of changes or tear down and build the business and need the work load that the paper label was beaten again to increase greatly, and actual operating personnel's mistake, or the disqualified paper label content and actual optical transmission content are far away, misplace, have caused very big puzzlement to the construction of later constructor, also greatly reduced work efficiency, increased fortune dimension cost.
The communication light transmitted in the optical communication structure is invisible light, and whether the content of the label is wrong or not cannot be judged for constructors, so that a plurality of dangerous factors are increased in the construction process, the construction difficulty is increased for the constructors, and the construction management cost is increased for operators. Accordingly, in order to improve the efficiency of optical communication construction and reduce unnecessary errors, many methods for confirming how to extract the detection light wave in the optical transmission line have been studied. Some existing detection light extraction technologies are to break or change the structure of the optical fiber and the transmission path thereof to extract detection light, that is, the optical fiber and the external ferrule are forcibly cut off to manufacture a leakage outlet of communication light, so as to obtain the leaked communication light as detection light, but in each optical fiber transmission path, the communication light intensity emitted by the optical transmitter is fixed, and the optical fiber transmission path is provided with a plurality of movable connection points, so that the optical fiber movable joints are more, if the optical fiber is cut off or directly extracted at the movable connector, the communication signal intensity of the communication light is greatly broken, and the optical link which can normally communicate originally can be possibly broken: the optical modem is taken out of service because the working optical power cannot be reached, and the optical transceiver of the end user cannot receive communication light because of a plurality of movable connectors in the link and the artificial expansion of node light attenuation. On the other hand, the mould opening and the production cost of the light taking mechanism are high, so that large-area pavement cannot be realized, and automatic management and control of the optical fiber circuit cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is intended to outline some aspects of embodiments of the application and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section as well as in the description of the application and in the title of the application, which may not be used to limit the scope of the application.
The present application has been made in view of the above-mentioned and/or problems occurring in the prior art light extraction mechanisms.
It is therefore an object of the present application to provide a low-loss detection light extraction method capable of extracting detection light while ensuring low loss of an optical fiber transmission path.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides the following technical scheme: the low-loss detection light extraction method comprises the steps that a light extraction component is arranged between two opposite optical interface ends, two ends of the light extraction component are respectively in butt joint with the ends of the optical interfaces, optical fibers are arranged in the light extraction component and the optical interfaces, and the outer ends of the optical fibers are in butt joint with each other; selective films are arranged at two ends of the light extraction component, and can filter detection light with specific wavelength and form partial blocking for the detection light transmitted to the selective films; transmitting detection light with wavelength different from communication light to any one of the optical interfaces through a transmitter, wherein the communication light and the detection light are transmitted to the direction of the light extraction component at the same time; the communication light passes through the optical fiber in the light extraction component from the optical fiber of the optical interface at one end and enters the optical interface at the other end, the detection light is blocked by the selection film, and is conducted out from an incompletely coupled gap formed between the optical interface end and the light extraction component end and is received by the detection component.
As a preferable embodiment of the low-loss detection light extraction method of the present invention, wherein: the optical fiber passes through and is buried in the prefabricated channel, and the heads at the two ends of the light extraction component are ground.
As a preferable embodiment of the low-loss detection light extraction method of the present invention, wherein: the length of the light extraction component is between 2 and 3 mm.
As a preferable embodiment of the low-loss detection light extraction method of the present invention, wherein: the butt joint of the light extraction component and the optical interface is fixed through a fixing component, and the fixing component is sleeved at the butt joint of the light extraction component and the optical interface.
As a preferable embodiment of the low-loss detection light extraction method of the present invention, wherein: the fixing member has an allowable slit along a longitudinal direction thereof, and the detecting member is located directly above the allowable slit and receives detection light conducted out from a gap formed between the optical interface end and the light extracting member end.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a light extraction mechanism that can selectively extract detection light according to the need without damaging the internal fiber structure, the path.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the light extraction mechanism comprises a light extraction component and a fixing component sleeved on the periphery of the light extraction component, wherein the light extraction component comprises a peripheral core insert body and an axial prefabrication channel penetrating through the central position of the core insert body, and an optical fiber penetrates through and is buried in the prefabrication channel; the two ends of the light extraction component are provided with selective films, and the selective films can filter detection light with specific wavelength and form transmission blocking for the detection light transmitted to the selective films.
As a preferable embodiment of the light extraction mechanism of the present invention, wherein: the length of the light extraction component is between 2 and 3 mm.
As a preferable embodiment of the light extraction mechanism of the present invention, wherein: the fixing member has an allowable slit in a longitudinal direction thereof, and the detecting member is located directly above the allowable slit.
As a preferable embodiment of the light extraction mechanism of the present invention, wherein: and an overflow port is arranged at the middle position of the ferrule body, the overflow port is recessed inwards from the outer surface of the light extraction component, and the optical fiber inside the light extraction component is kept from being exposed.
As a preferable embodiment of the light extraction mechanism of the present invention, wherein: the light extraction component is provided with a V-shaped groove, and the slopes on two sides of the V-shaped groove are provided with selective films.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, under the condition that the structure and the path of the internal optical fiber are not required to be damaged, the detection light can be selectively extracted according to the requirement, and the reasonable extraction is carried out according to the action of the selection film, so that the follow-up detection light has a propagation space and has the utilization sustainability. Meanwhile, the invention simultaneously emits the detection light which does not interfere with the communication light, and does not directly extract the communication light as a detection main body, thereby ensuring the transmission quality and low loss rate of the communication light and also ensuring the signal quality of the terminal.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a light extraction method and a light extraction mechanism according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating a simulation experiment of a light scattering path according to a first embodiment of the light extraction method and the light extraction mechanism for low-loss detection of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a second embodiment of the low-loss detection light extraction method and the light extraction mechanism according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an overall structure of a second embodiment of the low-loss detection light extraction method and the light extraction mechanism according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a selective film according to a second embodiment of the low-loss detection light extraction method and the light extraction mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a distribution of overflow ports according to a third embodiment of the low-loss detection light extraction method and the light extraction mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an overflow port according to a third embodiment of the low-loss detection light extraction method and the light extraction mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a low-loss detection light extraction method and an overflow port according to a third embodiment of the light extraction mechanism.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a V-groove distribution of a fourth embodiment of a light extraction method and a light extraction mechanism for low-loss detection according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 (a) to 10 (c) are diagrams showing V-groove structures with different groove depths according to the fourth embodiment of the low-loss detection light extraction method and the light extraction mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a V-groove effect according to a fourth embodiment of the light extraction method and the light extraction mechanism for low-loss detection of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view showing the insertion of an extrusion in a fifth embodiment of the light extraction mechanism for low loss inspection according to the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of an assembled light extraction mechanism according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of the pressing member pressing the second optical fiber according to the fifth embodiment of the light extraction method and the light extraction mechanism for low-loss detection of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of an extrusion according to a fifth embodiment of the low-loss inspection light extraction method and the light extraction mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a ferrule and a caulking groove structure thereof according to a fifth embodiment of a light extraction method and a light extraction mechanism for low-loss detection according to the present invention.
Fig. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a macrobending path according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram illustrating a macrobending effect according to a fifth embodiment of the low-loss detection light extraction method and the light extraction mechanism of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Further, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a low-loss detection light extraction method. In order to facilitate the identification, marking and detection of the optical transmission path, the low-loss detection light extraction method of the present invention may be used to extract the detection light and feed it back to the detection component to form a photonic tag.
The invention relates to a low-loss detection light extraction method, which mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: the optical pickup unit 101 is arranged between the two opposite ends of the optical interface 200, the two ends of the optical pickup unit 101 are respectively in butt joint with the ends of the optical interface 200, optical fibers are arranged in the optical pickup unit 101 and the optical interface 200, and the outer ends of the optical fibers are in butt joint with each other;
s2: the selective films 103 are arranged at both ends of the light extraction component 101, and the selective films 103 can filter detection light with specific wavelength and form partial blocking for the detection light transmitted to the detection light;
s3: the transmitter transmits communication light and detection light with different wavelengths to any one of the optical interfaces 200 at the same time, and the communication light and the detection light are transmitted to the direction of the light extraction component 101 at the same time;
s4: communication light passes through the optical fiber in the light extraction component 101 from the optical fiber of the optical interface 200 at one end and enters the optical interface 200 at the other end, and detection light is blocked by the selection film 103, conducted out from a gap formed by incomplete coupling between the end of the optical interface 200 and the end of the light extraction component 101, and received by the detection component.
Specifically, the optical interface 200 is an optical fiber connector ferrule, and an optical fiber is disposed in a central position inside the ferrule, and when the outer ends of the two optical interfaces 200 are aligned with each other, the optical interfaces can be in butt joint communication through the light-taking component 101, and the fixing component 102 is used for fixing and limiting, so as to keep the axle center uniform (the fixing component 102 is in an open sleeve shape, can be made of ceramic, and is sleeved at the butt joint position of the light-taking component 101 and the optical interface 200).
Therefore, attention should be paid here to: the central position inside the light-taking component 101 is provided with an axial prefabricated channel 101b, the optical fibers penetrate through and are buried in the prefabricated channel 101b, the two end heads of the light-taking component 101 are ground into UPC joints and are respectively butted with the two optical interfaces 200, so that the optical fiber ends inside the three parts are kept aligned with each other, and transmission is realized.
Wherein, the two ends of the light-extracting member 101 are coated with the selective film 103, and the selective film 103 can filter the detection light with specific wavelength and form partial blocking for the detection light transmitted to the detection light. The selective film 103 is an optical film, which is a thin and uniform dielectric film or a metal film or a film stack of a combination of dielectric and metal films deposited on an optical part.
Meanwhile, the above-described "part" of the "and the detection light transmitted thereto forms a partial block" is as follows: when light passes through the layered medium, light interference phenomena occur in the incidence and reflection directions of light from different interfaces, and by utilizing such interference phenomena, interference of light is artificially controlled by changing characteristics such as materials and thicknesses thereof, and light energy is redistributed as needed. Therefore, by selecting the thickness, material and other factors of the selective film 103, the detection light with the required specific wavelength can be totally reflected or partially reflected, so that the communication light can continue to transmit through the selective film 103.
Based on the above, when the detection light having a wavelength different from that of the communication light is transmitted to any one of the optical interfaces 200 by the transmitter, the communication light and the detection light are transmitted from the inside of the optical fiber in the optical interface 200 at this end to one end of the light extracting member 101. The coupling degree of the fiber cores between the outer end of the optical interface 200 at the end and the end of the light extraction component 101 and between the two end surfaces cannot reach 100% (caused by the process reasons), and the selective and rational (incompletely filtered detection light) filtering reflection of the selection film 103 at the end surface of the light extraction component 101 causes that part of the detection light is reflected out of the gap with incomplete coupling, and the other part of the detection light enters the optical fiber and the ceramic (the light extraction component 101 is made of the ceramic) to participate in the subsequent extraction and utilization of the connection point. The reflected detection light is received by a detection member disposed directly above the fixing member 102, where the detection member may employ a photodetector.
Further, the fixing member 102 has a tolerance slit 102a along its longitudinal direction, and the tolerance slit 102a is used to ensure that while the fixing member 102 can hug the light extracting member 101 and the optical interfaces 200 at both ends thereof, tolerance is also provided: detection light conducted out of a gap formed between the end of the optical interface 200 and the end of the light extracting member 101 can pass through the allowable slit 102a and be received by a detection member located directly above the allowable slit 102 a.
In the present invention, the effective detection range of the detecting means covers the total length of the light extracting means 101, i.e., the range including both the left and right ends thereof, to ensure that the same process as described above can be generated regardless of the side from which light is incident, and is received by the detecting means.
The length of the light extracting member 101 in the present invention is 2 to 3mm, which is because:
the PD (photodetector) window diameter of the current common size includes a specification of 3.9±0.3mm, and when the PD is mounted directly above the fixing member 102, the entire light extraction mechanism 100 may cause a slight displacement of the PD due to external disturbance due to practical factors. As can be seen from the foregoing embodiments, the effective detection range of the PD window must cover the total length of the light extraction member 101, i.e., the range including the left and right ends thereof, so that the size of the light extraction member 101 itself cannot be set too large, and it is necessary to ensure that the entire light extraction member 101 can be always included in the effective detection range of the PD window when the PD performs a micro displacement (for example, when it is necessary to ensure that the allowable displacement of the two ends of the light extraction member 101 is at least 0.5mm, if the light extraction member 101 is initially located at the middle position under the PD window, the length of the light extraction member 101 is about 2.9 mm).
Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 2, according to experimental simulation data, when the optical interface 200 end is not completely coupled with the optical pickup unit 101 end, the detection light λ scattered into the ferrule 101a 2 The light intensity is maximum at a position 1-2 mm from the incident end face. Since it is necessary to ensure that the detection light lambda is incident from either the left or right side 2 Can be received by the PD, and therefore, is in a range other than 1 to 2mm according to the length requirement.
In addition, after the two optical fiber plugs are inserted into the flanges, a gap is formed between the two jumper plugs, the outer diameter of the current finished product can seal PD standard is about 4.6mm, and the length of the middle light extraction mechanism is not lower than 1.8mm in addition to proper production redundancy.
In addition, the length of the light extraction member 101 is preferably not less than 2mm in consideration of the difficulty and cost of actual production and processing (because if the length of the light extraction member 101 is less than 2mm, the finished product is difficult to process, the process requirement is high, the two end surfaces of the light extraction member are difficult to clamp, and the two ends of the product at the production place are difficult to be coaxial, so that the member is disqualified).
In view of the above, and considering the mounting problem of the light extracting member 101 and PD, the size of the light extracting member 101 is preferably between 2 and 3 mm.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, a light extraction mechanism 100 is provided in a second embodiment of the present invention, and the light extraction mechanism 100 is the light extraction mechanism 100 used in the low-loss detection light extraction method.
The light extraction mechanism 100 includes a light extraction member 101, and a fixing member 102 sleeved on the periphery of the light extraction member 101, where the outer sidewall of the light extraction member 101 is tightly attached to the inner sidewall of the fixing member 102.
Wherein the light extracting component 101 is used for transmitting communication light lambda 1 While assisting in blocking and extracting the detection light lambda 2 The light extraction member 101 includes a peripheral ferrule 101a and an axial preformed channel 101b extending through a central location of the ferrule 101 a. The ferrule body 101a in this embodiment is made of ceramic, and may be configured in a cylindrical shape, and both ends of the cylindrical shape are respectively butted with the optical interface 200; the preformed channel 101b in this embodiment is a penetrating tunnel at the central axis of the ferrule 101 a.
The optical interface 200 is a ferrule of an optical fiber connector, and has a first optical fiber 201 inside, and a second optical fiber 101b-1 inside of the light extraction component 101, and the second optical fiber 101b-1 passes through and is buried in the prefabricated channel 101b. It should be noted here that: the first optical fiber 201 and the second optical fiber 101b-1 in the present invention are both optical fibers for transmitting optical paths, and are named differently for convenience in distinguishing and identifying optical paths. When the light extraction member 101 is docked with the optical interface 200, the first optical fiber 201 and the second optical fiber 101b-1 can be just docked with each other.
The light extracting member 101 has a selective film 103 at both ends, and the selective film 103 is an optical film capable of detecting light lambda of a specific wavelength 2 Filtering to a certain extent, and transmitting the detection light lambda 2 Forming a transmission barrier. The selective film 103 in this embodiment is sensitive to the detection light λ 2 The degree of filtration of (2) may be determined by selecting a preset of factors such as the thickness, material, etc. of the membrane 103.
Further, the fixing member 102 is formed of a ceramic in an open sleeve shape, and the "opening" is an allowable slit 102a along the longitudinal direction thereof, and the detecting member 105 is located directly above the allowable slit 102 a. Wherein, the tolerance slit 102a is used for ensuring that the fixing component 102 can hold the light-taking component 101 and the optical interfaces 200 at two ends thereof, and also can tolerate: detection light lambda conducted out of a gap formed by incomplete coupling between the end of the optical interface 200 and the end of the light extraction member 101 2 Can pass through the allowance slit 102a and be received by the detecting member 105 located directly above the allowance slit 102 a. The detection unit 105 may employ a photodetector.
In the present invention, the communication light λ 1 And detecting light lambda 2 Wavelength non-uniformity and no mutual interference, e.g. detection light lambda 2 A wavelength of 1625nm; communication light lambda 1 The wavelength is 1310nm or 1550nm.
An optical module of the OLT transmits communication light lambda to an optical interface 1 On the basis of the above, the invention also uses a transmitter to transmit detection light lambda to the optical interface 2 Communication light lambda 1 And detecting light lambda 2 Are emitted from the first optical fiber 201 of the optical interface 200 at one end thereof and are directed toward the second optical fiber 101b-1 within the ferrule 101 a.
Since the ferrule 101a has a selective membrane 103 at this end, it can be selectively filtered: can let communication light lambda 1 No filter passes, and can let the detection light lambda 2 One part of the light is reflected out, the other part can enter the light extracting component 101 for continuous transmission (the part can be divided into two paths, the first path enters the second optical fiber 101b-1 for enteringTransmitting the detection light lambda in the subsequent path by a line optical fiber 2 Extracting; the second path is scattered into the ceramic of the ferrule 101 a).
In the present embodiment, the above-described "detection light λ" may be used 2 A part of the light is reflected out and defined as a first light path G1; the "enter into the second optical fiber 101b-1 for optical fiber transmission" is defined as a second optical path G2; the "scattering into the ceramic of the ferrule 101 a" is defined as the third optical path G3. Therefore, the first optical path G1 is the pair of detection light λ by the detection member 105 2 Is included in the main extraction path of (a).
As can be seen from the above, the light extraction mechanism 100 of the present invention does not need to destroy the internal optical fiber structure and path (artificially manufactured detection light λ 2 ) In the case of (2), the detection light lambda can be selectively extracted according to the need 2 And reasonably extracting according to the action of the selection film 103 to make the subsequent detection light lambda 2 There is also room for propagation, with sustainability of utilization. Meanwhile, the invention adopts the transmitter to transmit the non-interference communication light lambda under the premise of using the selective membrane 103 1 Is a detection light lambda of (1) 2 Instead of directly extracting the communication light lambda 1 As a detection subject, thereby ensuring the communication light lambda 1 And the transmission quality and low loss rate of the terminal are ensured.
The length of the light extracting member 101 is 2-3 mm.
Referring to fig. 6 to 8, a third embodiment of the present invention is different from the second embodiment in that: an overflow port 101a-1 is provided at the middle position of the ferrule body 101a, the overflow port 101a-1 is recessed inward from the outer surface of the light extraction member 101, and the optical fiber inside the light extraction member 101 is kept from being exposed.
Specifically, from the above embodiments, it is known that: the light extraction mechanism 100 includes a light extraction member 101 and a fixing member 102 sleeved on the periphery of the light extraction member 101.
The light extraction component 101 includes a peripheral ferrule 101a and an axial preformed channel 101b passing through a central position of the ferrule 101 a. The ferrule 101a in this embodiment is made of ceramic, and both ends thereof are respectively butted with the optical interface 200.
The optical interface 200 has a first optical fiber 201 inside, and the light extraction member 101 has a second optical fiber 101b-1 inside, and the second optical fiber 101b-1 passes through and is buried in the prefabricated channel 101b. The first optical fiber 201 and the second optical fiber 101b-1 in the present invention are both optical fibers for transmitting optical paths. When the light extraction member 101 is docked with the optical interface 200, the first optical fiber 201 and the second optical fiber 101b-1 can be just docked with each other.
The light extracting member 101 has a selective film 103 at both ends, and the selective film 103 is an optical film capable of detecting light lambda of a specific wavelength 2 Filtering to a certain extent, and transmitting the detection light lambda 2 Forming a transmission barrier. The selective film 103 in this embodiment is sensitive to the detection light λ 2 The degree of filtration of (2) may be determined by selecting a preset of factors such as the thickness, material, etc. of the membrane 103.
Further, the fixing member 102 is formed in an open sleeve shape, and may be made of ceramic, wherein the "opening" is an allowable slit 102a along the longitudinal direction thereof, and the detecting member 105 is located directly above the allowable slit 102 a. Wherein the allowance slit 102a is used for ensuring the detection light lambda coming out from the gap of incomplete coupling formed between the end of the optical interface 200 and the end of the light-extracting component 101 2 Can pass through the allowance slit 102a and be received by the detecting member 105. The detection unit 105 may employ a photodetector.
In the present invention, the communication light λ 1 And detecting light lambda 2 Wavelength non-uniformity and no mutual interference, e.g. detection light lambda 2 A wavelength of 1625nm; communication light lambda 1 The wavelength is 1310nm or 1550nm.
An optical module of the OLT transmits communication light lambda to an optical interface 1 On the basis of the above, the invention also uses a transmitter to transmit detection light lambda to the optical interface 2 Communication light lambda 1 And detecting light lambda 2 Are emitted from the first optical fiber 201 of the optical interface 200 at one end thereof and are directed toward the second optical fiber 101b-1 within the ferrule 101 a.
Since the ferrule 101a has a selective membrane 103 at this end, it can be selectively filtered: can let communication light lambda 1 No filter passes, and can let the detection light lambda 2 One part of the light is reflected out, and the other part of the light can enter the light extraction component 101 for continuous transmission (the part can be mainly divided into two paths, wherein the first path enters the second optical fiber 101b-1 for optical fiber transmission and participates in the detection light lambda on the subsequent path 2 Extracting; the second path is scattered into the ceramic of the ferrule 101 a).
In the present embodiment, the above-described "detection light λ" may be used 2 A part of the light is reflected out and defined as a first light path G1; the "enter into the second optical fiber 101b-1 for optical fiber transmission" is defined as a second optical path G2; the "scattering into the ceramic of the ferrule 101 a" is defined as the third optical path G3. Therefore, the first optical path G1 is the pair of detection light λ by the detection member 105 2 Is included in the main extraction path of (a).
According to the above-described matters of the present embodiment, the light λ is detected 2 Can be divided into three paths, wherein the third light path G3 can enter the ceramic of the core-insert body 101a, so that an overflow port 101a-1 can be excavated at the middle position of the core-insert body 101a and used for synchronously extracting the detection light lambda in cooperation with the selection film 103 2 So that the detection section 105 can detect a stronger, more stable detection light wave signal.
The overflow 101a-1 is recessed inwardly from the outer surface of the light extraction member 101 and keeps the optical fibers inside the light extraction member 101 from being exposed. Therefore, the third optical path G3 encounters the intermediate overflow 101a-1 during the process of entering the ferrule 101a and propagating forward, so that part of the detection light lambda 2 Can be refracted out of the overflow port 101a-1 into the detection member 105 directly above the overflow port 101 a-1.
It is apparent that, if the light extracting member 101 in the present embodiment is not provided with the selection films 103 at both ends, the detection light λ is extracted only by the function of the overflow 101a-1 2 Is provided. In this case, both ends of the light extracting member 101 may be directly abutted against the optical interface 200, and finally fastened by the fixing member 102.
The length of the light extracting member 101 is 2-3 mm.
Referring to fig. 9 to 11, a fourth embodiment of the present invention is different from the second embodiment in that: the light extraction member 101 is provided with a V-shaped groove 101a-2, and the slopes on both sides of the V-shaped groove 101a-2 are provided with a selection film 103.
Specifically, from the above embodiments, it is known that: the light extraction mechanism 100 includes a light extraction member 101 and a fixing member 102 sleeved on the periphery of the light extraction member 101.
The light extraction component 101 includes a peripheral ferrule 101a and an axial preformed channel 101b passing through a central position of the ferrule 101 a. The ferrule 101a in this embodiment is made of ceramic, and both ends thereof are respectively butted with the optical interface 200.
The optical interface 200 has a first optical fiber 201 inside, and the light extraction member 101 has a second optical fiber 101b-1 inside, and the second optical fiber 101b-1 passes through and is buried in the prefabricated channel 101b. The first optical fiber 201 and the second optical fiber 101b-1 in the present invention are both optical fibers for transmitting optical paths. When the light extraction member 101 is docked with the optical interface 200, the first optical fiber 201 and the second optical fiber 101b-1 can be just docked with each other.
The light extracting member 101 has a selective film 103 at both ends, and the selective film 103 is an optical film capable of detecting light lambda of a specific wavelength 2 Filtering to a certain extent, and transmitting the detection light lambda 2 Forming a transmission barrier. The selective film 103 in this embodiment is sensitive to the detection light λ 2 The degree of filtration of (2) may be determined by selecting a preset of factors such as the thickness, material, etc. of the membrane 103.
Further, the fixing member 102 is formed in an open sleeve shape, and may be made of ceramic, wherein the "opening" is an allowable slit 102a along the longitudinal direction thereof, and the detecting member 105 is located directly above the allowable slit 102 a. Wherein the allowance slit 102a is used for ensuring the detection light lambda coming out from the gap of incomplete coupling formed between the end of the optical interface 200 and the end of the light-extracting component 101 2 Can pass through the allowance slit 102a and be received by the detecting member 105. The detection unit 105 may employ a photodetector.
In the present invention, the communication light λ 1 And detecting light lambda 2 Wavelength non-uniformity and no mutual interference, e.g. detection light lambda 2 A wavelength of 1625nm; communication light lambda 1 The wavelength is 1310nm or 1550nm.
An optical module of the OLT transmits communication light lambda to an optical interface 1 On the basis of the above, the invention also uses a transmitter to transmit detection light lambda to the optical interface 2 Communication light lambda 1 And detecting light lambda 2 Are emitted from the first optical fiber 201 of the optical interface 200 at one end thereof and are directed toward the second optical fiber 101b-1 within the ferrule 101 a.
Since the ferrule 101a has a selective membrane 103 at this end, it can be selectively filtered: can let communication light lambda 1 No filter passes, and can let the detection light lambda 2 One part of the light is reflected out, and the other part of the light can enter the light extraction component 101 for continuous transmission (the part can be mainly divided into two paths, wherein the first path enters the second optical fiber 101b-1 for optical fiber transmission and participates in the detection light lambda on the subsequent path 2 Extracting; the second path is scattered into the ceramic of the ferrule 101 a).
In the present embodiment, the above-described "detection light λ" may be used 2 A part of the light is reflected out and defined as a first light path G1; the "enter into the second optical fiber 101b-1 for optical fiber transmission" is defined as a second optical path G2; the "scattering into the ceramic of the ferrule 101 a" is defined as the third optical path G3. Therefore, the first optical path G1 is the pair of detection light λ by the detection member 105 2 Is included in the main extraction path of (a).
According to the above-described matters of the present embodiment, the light λ is detected 2 Can be divided into three paths, wherein the third light path G3 can enter the ceramic of the core-insert body 101a for transmission, so that a V-shaped groove 101a-2 can be excavated at the middle position of the core-insert body 101a for synchronously extracting the detection light lambda in cooperation with the selection film 103 2 So that the detection section 105 can detect a stronger, more stable detection light wave signal.
The V-shaped groove 101a-2 is a notch with a V-shaped cross section excavated on the light extracting member 101, and a pair of opposite groove cross sections are plated with a selective film 103. Thus, the third optical path G3 described above may encounter the intermediate V-groove 101a-2 during entry into the ferrule 101a and propagation forward.
Since the groove sections of the V-shaped grooves 101a-2 are each plated with a selection film 103, the selection film 103 can transmit the detection light lambda thereto 2 Proceeding partAnd the flow passes through the baffle and the direction changes are blocked partially. Wherein the portion transmitted through the selection film 103 detects light lambda 2 Can enter between the grooves of the V-shaped groove 101a-2, and the V-shaped groove 101a-2 is a V-shaped notch and has a slope, so the light lambda is detected 2 After the short reflection redirection, it can enter the detection part 105 directly above the V-groove 101a-2.
Further, as shown in fig. 10 (a) to 10 (c), the groove depth of the V-shaped groove 101a-2 in the present invention may take different values, such as: 1. the groove depth is small enough to expose the second optical fiber 101b-1, as shown in fig. 10 (c); 2. the groove depth is moderate, so that the second optical fiber 101b-1 is exposed, but the ferrule body 101a is not cut, as shown in fig. 10 (b); 3. the entire ferrule 101a can be cut directly by maximizing the groove depth, and the ferrule 101a can be divided into two parts, as shown in fig. 10 (a).
It is apparent that, if the light extracting member 101 of the present embodiment is not provided with the selection film 103 at both ends, the detection light λ is extracted only by the action of the V-groove 101a-2 2 Is provided. In this case, both ends of the light extracting member 101 may be directly abutted against the optical interface 200, and finally fastened by the fixing member 102.
The length of the light extracting member 101 is 2-3 mm.
It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure.
Referring to fig. 12 to 18, a macrobending light extraction mechanism according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention is provided, which includes a light extraction member 101 and a fixing member 102 sleeved on the periphery of the light extraction member 101. The outer side wall of the light extracting member 101 is closely attached to the inner side wall of the fixing member 102. In the present invention, the length of the light extracting member 101 is between 2 and 3 mm.
Wherein the light extracting component 101 is used for transmitting communication light lambda 1 Detection light lambda 2 Simultaneously extracting the detection light lambda 2 . The light extraction member 101 includes a peripheral ferrule 101a and an axial preform channel 101b penetrating through a central position of the ferrule 101a, and an optical fiber penetrates and is buried in the preform channel 101 b. The ferrule body 101a in this embodiment is made of ceramic, and both ends thereof are respectively butted with the optical interface 200; the preformed channel 101b in this embodiment is a penetrating tunnel at the central axis of the ferrule 101 a.
The fixing member 102 is formed in an open sleeve shape, and may be made of ceramic, wherein the "opening" is an allowable slit 102a along the longitudinal direction thereof, and the detecting member 105 is located directly above the allowable slit 102 a. The allowance slit 102a is used for ensuring detection light lambda coming out from a gap formed by incomplete coupling between the end of the optical interface 200 and the end of the light extraction member 101 2 Can pass through the allowance slit 102a and be received by the detecting member 105. The detection unit 105 may employ a photodetector.
The optical interface 200 is a ferrule of an optical fiber connector, and has a first optical fiber 201 inside, and a second optical fiber 101b-1 inside of the light extraction component 101, and the second optical fiber 101b-1 passes through and is buried in the prefabricated channel 101 b. The first optical fiber 201 and the second optical fiber 101b-1 in the present invention are both optical fibers for transmitting optical paths. When the light extraction member 101 is docked with the optical interface 200, the first optical fiber 201 and the second optical fiber 101b-1 can be just docked with each other.
Further, the core insert 101a is recessed with a caulking groove 101a-2 having a depth larger than the radius of the cross section of the light extracting member 101. Since the groove depth of the caulking groove 101a-2 exceeds the radius of the cross section of the light extraction member 101, the whole optical fiber inserted into the pre-made passage 101b can be exposed at the position of the caulking groove 101a-2. It should be noted here that: the upper port of the caulking groove 101a-2 has a longitudinal length greater than that of the lower bottom portion.
In this embodiment, the macrobending light extracting mechanism further comprises an extrusion 104 matched with the caulking groove 101a-2, and the extrusion 104 is a sheet structure with a certain thickness and can be just inserted into the caulking groove 101a-2. Preferably, the inside edge of the extrusion 104 is an edge having a macrocurved profile.
The inner side edge of the pressing member 104 also has a notch 104a fitted to the optical fiber size, and when the pressing member 104 is inserted and fixed inside the caulking groove 101a-2, the optical fiber (here, the second optical fiber 101 b-1) can be caught by the notch 104 a. The "stuck" here is: since the inner side edge of the pressing member 104 is an edge having a macrobending profile and the longitudinal length of the upper port of the caulking groove 101a-2 is longer than the longitudinal length of the lower bottom portion, the protruding profile of the inner side edge of the pressing member 104 can press the exposed second optical fiber 101b-1 to be deformed and bent synchronously, forming a trend having a macrobending and allowing the second optical fiber 101b-1 to be exactly embedded in the cutting groove 104 a.
The direction in which the extrusion 104 is inserted into the caulking groove 101a-2 is shown by an arrow in fig. 12.
The macrobending of the second optical fiber 101b-1 is provided on the premise of macrobending loss. Thus detecting light lambda 2 Can escape from the curved segment therein and is ultimately detected by the detection component 105.
To sum up: the manufacturing and mounting processes of the macrobend light extraction mechanism in this embodiment are as follows:
s1: a pre-formed channel 101b is machined at the central axis of the light extracting member 101, and then a caulking groove 101a-2 is excavated on the side surface thereof.
S2: penetrating a second optical fiber 101b-1 into the prefabricated channel 101 b;
s3: inserting the curved side of the extrusion 104 inward into the caulking groove 101a-2, and fixing by plastering;
s4: cutting the second optical fiber 101b-1 at both ends of the light extracting member 101, and then grinding the cross section; making a finished product of the light extraction component 101;
s5: the finished product of the light-taking component 101 is put into the fixing component 102, and meanwhile, two sides of the finished product are respectively inserted with one optical interface 200, so that the first optical fiber 201 is in butt joint with the second optical fiber 101 b-1.
The working principle of the macrobending loss is as follows:
the macrobending light-taking mechanism in this embodiment is mainly based on the "optical fiber macrobending performance", and the bending loss of the optical fiber is caused by that the light does not meet the condition of total internal reflection, and the macrobending loss and microbending loss can be divided into two types. Wherein, macrobending loss: when the optical fiber is bent, light is transmitted in the bent portion, and when a certain critical curvature is exceeded, the conduction mode becomes a radiation mode, thereby causing a loss of beam power; microbending loss: microbending corresponds to random oscillation of the fiber at a slight offset about its normal (straight) position. Although the offset is small (radius of curvature comparable to the cross-sectional dimension of the fiber), the period of oscillation is generally small and sharp local bends may occur. Microbending is mainly caused by strains during manufacturing and installation, as well as dimensional changes of the cable material due to temperature changes, such as by side pressure or micro-irregular bending of the over-molded fiber as temperature changes.
And calculating macrobending loss:
for refractive index mutant single mode optical fibers, assuming a radius of curvature R, the bending loss per unit length is given by:
(1)accuracy when 1.ltoreq.lambda/. Lambda.cf.ltoreq.2
(2)Is better than 3%
(3)Is better than 10%
Since Ac is outside the index term of formula (1), the results are sufficiently good.
The bending loss increases rapidly with decreasing bending radius and decreasing refractive index difference;
bending loss with the ratio lambda/lambda cf Is increased rapidly.
From the formulae (1), (2) and (3), it is possible to obtain:
the usual conditions for g.652 optical fibers, i.e. λ=1550 nm, λ cf 1300nm, delta=0.65%, r=15 mm, and bending loss α was calculated c =0.054 dB/m, which amounts to 0.051dB macrobending loss per 10 bends.
R=10mm is taken again, and the bending loss alpha is calculated c The macrobend loss per 10 turns of bend is 3.8dB, which is 75-fold higher than the former, which is clearly due to the exponential term in equation (1) =6.13 dB/m. The calculation result has a better approximation degree compared with the actual measurement value.
For a given refractive index difference, operating wavelength and cut-off wavelength, a critical radius of curvature Rc may be defined, with bending losses increasing sharply from a negligible level to an intolerable value as the actual radius of curvature approaches Rc. In the normal band (around 1000 nm), the Rc approximation formula is:
(4)
Thus, for a given fiber (i.e., refractive index difference and cutoff wavelength determination), an acceptable minimum radius of curvature can be approximated for a given operating wavelength using the above equation; or estimating the maximum operating wavelength for a given radius of curvature.
For example, according to λ=1550 nm, λ cf Application conditions of 1300nm, Δ=0.65%, calculated rc=15.6 mm. It can be seen that when the bend radius of a conventional g.652 fiber reaches below 15mm, the macrobend loss will be unacceptable. Note that when the bending length of the optical fiber is greater than 1m, the Rc value given by equation (4) is doubled to be reliable. This is why the G652 fiber bend radius is specified to be 30 mm.
Therefore, the optical fiber has the characteristics of small diameter and good flexibility, and is easy to bend in use to change the structural state of the optical fiber waveguide, so that part of fundamental modes transmitted by the optical fiber are converted into radiation modes, thereby generating additional transmission loss and macrobending loss. For a long time, the macrobending loss of the optical fiber is regarded as a very unfavorable factor for optical wave signal transmission, but in fact if the macrobending loss is reasonably applied, the bent optical fiber plays an important role in optical fiber communication and optical fiber sensing, and the embodiment utilizes the principle of macrobending of the optical fiber and the mechanism that escape amounts of different cut-off wavelengths are inconsistent under the same curvature radius, thereby not additionally increasing optical insertion for a communication line And extracting the detection signal light in the optical fiber to be detected while losing. In the present invention, the communication light λ in the light extracting member 101 1 And detecting light lambda 2 Wavelength non-uniformity and no mutual interference, e.g. detection light lambda 2 A wavelength of 1625nm; communication light lambda 1 The wavelength is 1310nm or 1550nm.
An optical module of the OLT transmits communication light lambda to an optical interface 1 On the basis of the above, the invention also uses a transmitter to transmit detection light lambda to the optical interface 2 Communication light lambda 1 And detecting light lambda 2 Are emitted from the first optical fiber 201 of the optical interface 200 at one end thereof and are directed toward the second optical fiber 101b-1 within the ferrule 101 a.
Because of incomplete coupling between the optical interface 200 end and the optical pickup 101 end, the detection light λ from the first optical fiber 201 2 Part of the light can escape from the gap where the light is not completely coupled, and part of the light can enter the light extraction component 101 for continuous transmission (the part can be divided into two paths, wherein the first path enters the second optical fiber 101b-1 for optical fiber transmission, and the second path is scattered into the ceramic of the ferrule body 101 a). It should be noted that: the above-mentioned "the first path enters the second optical fiber 101b-1 to perform optical fiber transmission" is also divided into two branches, the first branch enters the first optical fiber 201 at the other end to participate in the detection light λ on the subsequent path 2 Extracting; the second branch radiates from the macrobend of the second optical fiber 101 b-1.
In this embodiment, "a part of the light escapes from the gap without complete coupling" may be defined as a first light path G1; the first branch enters the first optical fiber 201 at the other end to participate in the detection light lambda on the subsequent path 2 Extracting the second light path G2; "scattered into the ceramic of the ferrule 101 a" is defined as a third optical path G3; the "radiate out from the macrobend of the second optical fiber 101 b-1" is defined as the fourth optical path G4.
The fourth optical path G4 is the detection light λ of the detection unit 105 2 Is included in the main extraction path of (a).
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A low loss detection light extraction method, characterized in that: comprising the steps of (a) a step of,
an optical pickup component (101) is arranged between two opposite optical interface ends, two ends of the optical pickup component (101) are respectively in butt joint with the ends of the optical interfaces, optical fibers are arranged in the optical pickup component (101) and the optical interfaces, and the outer ends of the optical fibers are in butt joint with each other;
A selection film (103) is arranged at both ends of the light extraction component (101), and the selection film (103) can filter detection light with specific wavelength and form partial blocking for the detection light transmitted to the detection light;
transmitting detection light with a wavelength different from that of communication light to any one of the optical interfaces through a transmitter, wherein the communication light and the detection light are transmitted to the direction of the light extraction component (101) at the same time;
the communication light passes through the optical fiber in the light extraction component (101) from the optical fiber of the optical interface at one end and enters the optical interface at the other end, the detection light is blocked by the selection film (103), and is conducted out from a gap formed by incomplete coupling between the end of the optical interface and the end of the light extraction component (101) and is received by the detection component.
2. The low-loss detection light extraction method according to claim 1, wherein: the optical fiber is inserted into the prefabricated channel (101 b) and buried in the prefabricated channel (101 b), and the two end heads of the optical fiber extracting component (101) are ground.
3. The low-loss detection light extraction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the length of the light extraction component (101) is 2-3 mm.
4. The low-loss detection light extraction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the butt joint of the light extraction component (101) and the optical interface is fixed through a fixing component (102), and the fixing component (102) is sleeved at the butt joint of the light extraction component (101) and the optical interface.
5. The low-loss detection light extraction method according to claim 4, wherein: the fixing member (102) has an allowable slit (102 a) along its longitudinal direction, and the detecting member is located directly above the allowable slit (102 a) and receives detection light conducted out from a slit formed between the optical interface end and the light extracting member (101) end.
6. The utility model provides a macrobend light extraction mechanism which characterized in that: the optical fiber coaxial cable comprises an optical extraction component (101) and a fixing component (102) sleeved on the periphery of the optical extraction component (101), wherein the optical extraction component (101) comprises a peripheral core insert body (101 a) and an axial prefabrication channel (101 b) penetrating through the central position of the core insert body (101 a), and a second optical fiber penetrates through and is buried in the prefabrication channel (101 b);
the inserting core body (101 a) is internally recessed with a caulking groove (101 a-2) with the depth larger than the radius of the cross section of the light extracting component (101), and the second optical fiber whole inserted into the prefabricated channel (101 b) can be exposed at the position of the caulking groove (101 a-2), and the longitudinal length of the upper port of the caulking groove (101 a-2) is larger than the longitudinal length of the lower bottom;
The macrobending light extraction mechanism further comprises an extrusion piece (104) matched with the caulking groove (101 a-2), and when the extrusion piece (104) is inserted into and fixed in the caulking groove (101 a-2), the exposed second optical fiber is extruded by the inner side of the extrusion piece (104) to be macrobent;
the inside edge of the extrusion (104) has a slot (104 a) that fits the second fiber size, the second fiber being able to be caught by the slot (104 a) when the extrusion (104) is inserted and secured inside the bezel (101 a-2);
the length of the light extraction component (101) is 2-3 mm;
on the basis that an optical module of the OLT transmits communication light to the optical interface, a transmitter transmits detection light to the optical interface, and the communication light and the detection light are both emitted from a first optical fiber (201) of an optical interface (200) at one end of the optical interface and are emitted to a second optical fiber (101 b-1) in the ferrule body (101 a);
the end of the optical interface (200) is incompletely coupled with the end of the light extraction component (101), part of the detection light from the first optical fiber (201) escapes from a gap of incomplete coupling, and the transmission path is defined as a first optical path (G1); a part of detection light is divided into two paths to enter the light extraction component (101) for continuous transmission, the first path of detection light enters the second optical fiber (101 b-1) for optical fiber transmission, and the second path of detection light is scattered into the ceramic of the ferrule body (101 a); a part of the first path of detection light enters a first optical fiber (201) at the other end and participates in the extraction of the detection light on a subsequent path, a part of the detection light radiates out from the macrobend of a second optical fiber (101 b-1), and a transmission path which radiates out from the macrobend of the second optical fiber (101 b-1) is defined as a fourth optical path (G4);
The first optical path (G1) and the fourth optical path (G4) are extraction paths of detection light by the detection member (105).
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| CN110398805A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-01 | 浙江申华电子科技有限公司 | A kind of fiber adapter detection light extraction means and SC fiber adapter |
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