CN108709920B - Device and method for monitoring sediment height change - Google Patents
Device and method for monitoring sediment height change Download PDFInfo
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- CN108709920B CN108709920B CN201810451942.XA CN201810451942A CN108709920B CN 108709920 B CN108709920 B CN 108709920B CN 201810451942 A CN201810451942 A CN 201810451942A CN 108709920 B CN108709920 B CN 108709920B
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- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for monitoring the height change in the sludge expansion or sedimentation process based on a sediment microbial fuel cell, wherein the device comprises a cathode fixed in sediment overlying water, N anodes, a device for aerating the overlying water, a resistor and a signal acquisition device, N anodes fixed in the sediment and the water at different heights, wherein the lowest anode is positioned below the interface between the sediment and the water, and the highest anode is positioned above the interface; the anodes are spaced apart from each other and the anode and the cathode; the N anodes are respectively connected with the cathode through resistors, and the signal acquisition device is respectively connected with the N anodes for acquiring and recording voltage. The device and the method can effectively monitor the expansion and sedimentation conditions of the sludge by using electrochemical signals, and simultaneously can realize continuous long-term operation, and have low energy consumption and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental detection, and particularly relates to a device and a method for electrochemically detecting sediment height change in an expansion process and a sedimentation process of surface water sediment based on sediment microorganisms.
Background
Water body sediment is an important place for energy conversion and carbon circulation in an ecological system. Sediment in the water body gradually increases in height due to factors such as upflow soil loss, life of peripheral human beings, industrial input, natural sedimentation and the like, so that the water capacity of lakes and rivers is reduced, and meanwhile, river channels are blocked. In some lakes and river channels, the sediments are expanded due to the changes of the sediments and the overlying water body, and when the sediments are expanded, the physicochemical properties of the upper sediments are changed, so that the water environment is endangered.
At present, the height of sediment in river channels, lakes, reservoirs and the like has important significance for the ecological environment of the lakes. Meanwhile, the method is an important data index in the bottom mud dredging and other repair projects. In general on-site manual measurement, measurement data are not stable enough, and the measured value can change along with different operators, hydrology, weather and the like, so that on-site real-time monitoring is difficult to realize. The biological reaction has high specificity, and the biosensor precisely measures the concentration, the property and the like of the object to be measured by utilizing the characteristic. Compared with the traditional chemical and physical measuring method, the biosensor has the characteristics of short measuring period, simple operation and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the existing real-time monitoring means for the sediment height change, the invention provides a sediment height change measuring method and device based on a microbial electrochemical technology, so as to accurately measure the sediment height change, realize the real-time monitoring for the sediment height change, simultaneously play the roles of improving the water quality and reducing the occurrence probability of 'lake flooding' of a water body, and have the advantages of time saving, simple device, easy operation, low energy consumption, low investment and operation cost, wide application prospect and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a device for monitoring the height change of sediment comprises a cathode, N anodes, an aeration device, a resistor and a signal acquisition device, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 2,
the cathode is fixed in the overlying water of the sediment; an aeration outlet of the aeration device is arranged in the overlying water and provides oxygen for the cathode;
the N anodes are all arranged in the water body, are fixed at different heights, and are respectively a first anode and a second anode … N anode from low to high, wherein the first anode is positioned below the interface between the sediment and the water, and the N anode is positioned above the interface between the sediment and the water; the distance between the N anodes is more than or equal to 3cm; any distance between the anode and the cathode is more than or equal to 15cm;
the N anodes are connected with the cathode through wires, the resistors are arranged on the wires, the signal acquisition devices are respectively connected with the N anodes, and the signal acquisition devices are voltage acquisition and recording devices.
Further, the anode or the cathode is a carbon felt.
Further, the fixing mode of the anode or the cathode is as follows: and fixing by using a bracket fixed in the sediment.
Further, the N is preferably 7.
Further, the first anode to the fourth anode of the 7 anodes are located below the interface of the sediment and the water, the fifth anode is located at the interface of the sediment and the water, and the sixth anode and the seventh anode are located above the interface of the sediment and the water.
Further, the N anodes are arranged in a straight line in a plan view.
Further, the aeration device further comprises an air pump, and the air pump is connected with the aeration outlet through an air pipe to provide air for the aeration outlet.
Further, the resistor is a resistor box.
Furthermore, the signal acquisition device is a multichannel voltage acquisition and recording device, and can acquire and record voltages between a plurality of anodes and cathodes at the same time.
Further, the connection part of the lead and the anode or the cathode is coated with conductive silver paste and is subjected to waterproof treatment.
Preferably, the sediment is natural water sediment, wetland, paddy soil, sludge or silt.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method of monitoring a change in sediment height to quickly and accurately detect the change in sediment height.
In order to achieve the second object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method of monitoring a change in sediment height using the apparatus described above, the method comprising the steps of;
(1) After the device is set, the heights of the anodes are recorded, and the voltage values of the anodes are recorded by the signal acquisition device.
(2) After the height of the sediment is changed, the height change of the sediment is converted according to the height of the anode where the voltage signal is changed.
The invention skillfully uses the principle of the sediment microbial fuel cell, correlates the voltage signal with the sediment depth, and changes the contact or non-contact state of the anode at a certain depth and the sediment due to the change of the sediment height, thereby reflecting the voltage signal, and a monitoring instrument or a monitoring personnel can accurately know the real-time depth of the sediment.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention utilizes the multi-anode microbial fuel cell to construct the sensor for monitoring the sediment height change, overcomes the defects of time and labor waste, unstable operation and the like of the existing real-time monitoring of the sediment height change, and simultaneously reduces the manual workload.
2. The invention is used for monitoring the sediment height change, and obtains the most suitable detection condition of the microbial fuel cell by utilizing the multi-anode sediment through a large number of experimental summaries, so that the detection method is more objective, has simple operation process, can be programmed, has stable and quick detection process, accurate detection result, high sensitivity and small error, can realize on-line monitoring, has low cost and can be widely popularized and applied.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structure of the device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention, wherein the 3 rd anode to the 6 th anode are not shown.
Fig. 2 is a graph of voltage signal versus depth measured at different times for example 1 of the present invention.
Wherein 1 is sediment, 2 is overlying water, 31 is a first anode, 32 is a 7 th anode, 4 is a cathode, 5 is an aeration device, 51 is an aeration outlet, 6 is a wire, 7 is a resistor box, and 8 is a signal acquisition device.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a device for monitoring the change of the height of sediment comprises a cathode, 7 anodes, an aeration device, a resistor and a signal acquisition device,
the cathode is fixed in the overlying water of the sediment; an aeration outlet of the aeration device is arranged in the overlying water and provides oxygen for the cathode;
the 7 anodes are all arranged in the water body and fixed at different heights, namely a first anode and a second anode … and a seventh anode from low to high, wherein the first anode to the fourth anode are positioned below the interface between the sediment and the water, the fifth anode is positioned at the interface between the sediment and the water, and the sixth anode and the seventh anode are positioned above the interface between the sediment and the water; the distance between the 7 anodes is more than or equal to 3cm; any distance between the anode and the cathode is more than or equal to 15cm;
the 7 anodes are connected with the cathode through wires, the resistors are arranged on the wires, the signal acquisition devices are respectively connected with the 7 anodes, and the signal acquisition devices are voltage acquisition and recording devices.
The anode and the cathode are carbon felt.
The fixing modes of the anode and the cathode are as follows: with a bracket fixed in the deposit (bracket not shown in the figure).
The 7 anodes are arranged in a straight line in the overlook view.
The aeration device also comprises an aeration inlet, wherein the aeration inlet is arranged in the air and is connected with the aeration outlet through an air pipe.
The resistor is a resistor box.
The signal acquisition device is a multichannel voltage acquisition and recording device and can acquire and record voltages between a plurality of anodes and cathodes at the same time.
And conductive silver glue is smeared at the joint of the lead and the anode or the cathode, and the joint is subjected to waterproof treatment.
The sediment is natural water sediment.
During testing, the following steps are adopted;
(1) After the device is set, the heights of 7 anodes are recorded, the height of an initial sediment-water interface is set to be 0, the height below the sediment-water interface is a negative value, the height below the sediment-water interface is a positive value, the heights of 7 anodes are respectively-4 cm, -3cm, -2cm, -1cm, 0, 1cm and 2cm, and the voltage value of each anode is recorded by the signal acquisition device, as shown in the first day data in fig. 2.
(2) After the height of the deposit is changed (days 3-9 in fig. 2), the height change of the deposit is converted according to the height of the anode where the voltage signal is changed.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the voltage of the fifth anode at the sediment-water interface (at the mud-water interface) starts to be about 37mV, and when the sediment height increases and when the voltage of the sixth anode increases to 37mV immediately after being covered, it can be deduced that the sediment height increases by about 1cm on day 3, while on day 7, it can be seen from the change of the seventh anode that the sediment height increases by about 2cm. This is directly reflected and monitored by the sediment microbial fuel cell for sediment height changes.
Claims (10)
1. A device for monitoring the height change of sediment is characterized by comprising a cathode, N anodes, an aeration device, a resistor and a signal acquisition device, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 2,
the cathode is fixed in the overlying water of the sediment; an aeration outlet of the aeration device is arranged in the overlying water;
the N anodes are all arranged in the water body, are fixed at different heights, and are respectively a first anode and a second anode … N anode from low to high, wherein the first anode is positioned below the interface between the sediment and the water, and the N anode is positioned above the interface between the sediment and the water; the distance between the N anodes is more than or equal to 3cm; any distance between the anode and the cathode is more than or equal to 15cm;
the N anodes are connected with the cathode through wires, the resistors are arranged on the wires, the signal acquisition devices are respectively connected with the N anodes, and the signal acquisition devices are voltage acquisition and recording devices.
2. The apparatus for monitoring a change in sediment level according to claim 1, wherein the anode or the cathode is a carbon felt.
3. The apparatus for monitoring a change in a height of a deposit according to claim 1, characterized in that the anode or the cathode is fixed in such a way that: and fixing by using a bracket fixed in the sediment.
4. The apparatus for monitoring a change in a height of a deposit according to claim 1, wherein said N anodes are aligned in a top view.
5. The apparatus for monitoring a change in sediment level according to claim 1, wherein the aeration apparatus further comprises an air pump connected to the aeration outlet through an air pipe.
6. The apparatus for monitoring a change in sediment level according to claim 1, wherein the signal acquisition means is a multi-channel voltage acquisition and recording means.
7. The apparatus for monitoring a change in sediment level according to claim 1, wherein the resistor is a resistor box.
8. The apparatus for monitoring a change in height of a deposit according to claim 1, wherein a junction of the lead wire and the anode or the cathode is coated with a conductive silver paste and subjected to a waterproof treatment.
9. The apparatus for monitoring a change in sediment level according to claim 1, wherein the sediment is natural water sediment, wetland, paddy soil, sludge or silt.
10. A method of monitoring a change in sediment level using the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) After the device is set, the heights of all anodes are recorded, and the voltage values of all anodes are recorded by the signal acquisition device;
(2) After the height of the sediment is changed, the height change of the sediment is converted according to the height of the anode where the voltage signal is changed.
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| CN201810451942.XA CN108709920B (en) | 2018-05-12 | 2018-05-12 | Device and method for monitoring sediment height change |
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| CN201810451942.XA CN108709920B (en) | 2018-05-12 | 2018-05-12 | Device and method for monitoring sediment height change |
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| CN108709920B true CN108709920B (en) | 2023-08-11 |
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| CN101962232A (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-02-02 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Sediment microorganism electrochemical device and application thereof |
| CN104176836A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2014-12-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Microorganism electrochemical device for in-situ remediation of polluted water and bottom mud and method for in-situ remediation of polluted water and bottom mud |
| CN104330456A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-02-04 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Device and method for synchronously monitoring concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) of water at different depth in real time |
| WO2015194736A1 (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2015-12-23 | 광주과학기술원 | Sediment type microbial fuel cell |
| JP2016122615A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2016-07-07 | 国立大学法人 熊本大学 | Microbial fuel cell |
| CN208155925U (en) * | 2018-05-12 | 2018-11-27 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | A kind of device of monitoring deposit height variation |
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- 2018-05-12 CN CN201810451942.XA patent/CN108709920B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101962232A (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-02-02 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Sediment microorganism electrochemical device and application thereof |
| WO2015194736A1 (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2015-12-23 | 광주과학기술원 | Sediment type microbial fuel cell |
| CN104176836A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2014-12-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Microorganism electrochemical device for in-situ remediation of polluted water and bottom mud and method for in-situ remediation of polluted water and bottom mud |
| CN104330456A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-02-04 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Device and method for synchronously monitoring concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) of water at different depth in real time |
| JP2016122615A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2016-07-07 | 国立大学法人 熊本大学 | Microbial fuel cell |
| CN208155925U (en) * | 2018-05-12 | 2018-11-27 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | A kind of device of monitoring deposit height variation |
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