CN108709333A - The operation method and system of refrigeration system completely cooling among second throttle - Google Patents

The operation method and system of refrigeration system completely cooling among second throttle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108709333A
CN108709333A CN201810800290.6A CN201810800290A CN108709333A CN 108709333 A CN108709333 A CN 108709333A CN 201810800290 A CN201810800290 A CN 201810800290A CN 108709333 A CN108709333 A CN 108709333A
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pressure stage
low
interface
valve
way reversing
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CN201810800290.6A
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CN108709333B (en
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杨永安
李瑞申
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Tianjin University of Commerce
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Tianjin University of Commerce
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Abstract

The invention discloses the operation methods and system of refrigeration system completely cooling among a kind of second throttle, it is intended to provide a kind of method and system for using low-pressure stage compressor heat pump circulation to defrost for low-temperature evaporation device wheel shelves.There are medium temperature evaporator and cryogenic vaporizer, medium temperature evaporator to freeze for realizing medium temperature in each low-pressure stage unit, cryogenic vaporizer is for realizing cryogenic refrigeration or defrosting, this method：When there is cryogenic vaporizer to need defrosting, pass through valve transfer, realize that the low-pressure stage compressor of defrosting function is converted into high pressure stage compressor operation, realize that the cryogenic compressor in the low-pressure stage unit of defrosting function absorbs the working medium from the low-pressure stage compressor for realizing refrigerating function, condensation heating cryogenic vaporizer to be defrosted after compression, it realizes defrosting, when there is multiple cryogenic vaporizers to need defrosting, defrosting is realized by taking turns shelves mode.The present invention is two-stage compression cycle in defrosting cycle and refrigeration cycle, and temperature of ice house fluctuation is small, simple in structure, efficient.

Description

The operation method and system of refrigeration system completely cooling among second throttle
Technical field
The present invention relates to refrigeration technology fields, using Defrost there is medium temperature to steam more specifically, it relates to a kind of Send out the operation method and refrigeration system of double-stage compressive refrigerating system completely cooling among the second throttle of device.
Background technology
In freezer, when heat exchanger cooling surface is covered by frost layer, if removing not in time, then frost accumulated will be such that compressor inhales Temperature degree reduces, and delivery temperature rises, and blocks air duct, reduces heat transfer area, and the flow resistance of air is dramatically increased, changed The thermal efficiency acutely reduces, and refrigerating plant runnability declines.The quality of defrosting effect be also the capacity of equipment for giving full play to freezer, Reduce overhaul cost, using electricity wisely and the key for ensureing food quality.
Mainly there is evaporator Defrost method in existing freezer：Electrical heating method, water drenching method, reverse cycle defrosting method etc..Wherein, The two kinds of defrosting defrostings of electrical heating method and water drenching method are all external heating frost layers, and frost is to melt outside in, so actually removing The heat ratio theoretical value of frost is much bigger, and this defrosting big energy-consuming, operating cost is higher, from safety and stability and energy saving upper consideration, It has been rarely employed now.Reverse cycle defrosting method origin of heat is in the wasted work of outdoor environment and compressor, by changing four-way commutation The connection type of valve temporarily changes the flow direction of the working medium of entire refrigeration system, and then changes the shift direction of heat, makes steaming Hair device is changed into condenser, reaches defrosting effect for evaporator heating, but refrigeration cycle stops in defrosting at this time, Suo Youzheng Sending out device cannot continue to freeze.Reverse cycle defrosting method defrosting efficiency is high, energy saving reliable.But this defrosting is only applicable to structure Simple single-stage compression refrigeration system, for the lower double-stage compressive refrigerating system of evaporating temperature, due to temperature of ice house compared with It is low, when inverse cycle being used to defrost for evaporator, if entire refrigeration system antikinesis, all evaporators of freezer all switch to Condenser, since the temperature difference between evaporator surface temperature and cold storehouse temperature is larger, defrosting time is longer, the temperature wave of freezer It is dynamic larger, food drying loss can be caused, economic loss is caused.Therefore, for make Two-stage Compression system keep high-efficiency operation, it is necessary to it is right Evaporator progress is orderly, efficiently defrosts.
Currently, the method effectively to defrost in double-stage compressive refrigerating system has single stage compress heat pump cycle method, i.e., original double The pipeline for connecting evaporator inlet-outlet is divided into refrigeration branch and defrosting branch, evaporator defrosting in grade compression refrigerating system Pipeline connects the exhaust end of high pressure stage compressor or low-pressure stage compressor, and evaporator outlet connects the larger gas-liquid separation of volume Device.When evaporator needs refrigeration, by the switching of valve, refrigeration branch is made to connect evaporator, evaporator refrigeration.Evaporator needs When defrosting, by the switching of valve, defrosting branch is made to connect evaporator, defrosted for evaporator.Due to this Defrost method except Single stage compress heat pump cycle is run when white participates in single-stage pressure when two-stage compression refrigeration cycle turns single machine compressing hot pump defrosting cycle The pressure difference of the compressor operating of contracting heat pump cycle defrosting sharply increases, and can cause to impact to compressor, damages compressor, and this The Temperature of Working that single stage compress Defrost is recycled into evaporator defrosting is low, and defrosting speed is slow, the diffusion of evaporator ambient heat Time it is long, cause defrosting efficiency to reduce；In addition when defrosting for evaporator, a large amount of liquid working substance streams for having been condensed by evaporator Enter gas-liquid separator, these liquid working substances pass through long-term accumulation, are easily sucked by low-pressure stage compressor, form compressor wet pressing Contracting, causes compressor to damage, and forms economic loss.
In addition, existing freezer can only generally realize single refrigeration temperature, needs to provide refrigerator according to using or freeze Between cold, it is inconvenient to use.
Invention content
In view of the technical drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of defrosting efficiency height, temperature It fluctuates small, is conducive to the operation method of refrigeration system completely cooling among the second throttle that compressor runs steadily in the long term.
Heat pump cycle is used to defrost for low-temperature evaporation device wheel shelves it is a further object to provide a kind of, temperature fluctuation It is small, it is stable, meanwhile, it is capable to provide Two-stage Compression completely cooling among the second throttle of the cold of refrigerator and guick freezing room Refrigeration system.
The technical solution adopted to achieve the purpose of the present invention is：
A kind of operation method for the refrigeration system that second throttle centre cools down completely, in being arranged in each low-pressure stage unit Warm evaporator and cryogenic vaporizer, the medium temperature evaporator freeze for realizing medium temperature, and the cryogenic vaporizer is for realizing low Temperature refrigeration or defrosting, the operation method include the following steps：When all low-pressure stage units realize refrigerating function, the medium temperature is steamed Middle pressure saturated liquid working medium is flashed to middle pressure saturated vapor by hair device, realizes medium temperature refrigeration；The cryogenic vaporizer is by low pressure liquid Body working medium flashes to low-pressure steam, realizes cryogenic refrigeration；When there is cryogenic vaporizer to need defrosting, by valve transfer, realize The low-pressure stage compressor of defrosting function is converted into high pressure stage compressor operation, realizes the low pressure in the low-pressure stage unit of defrosting function Grade compressor is absorbed presses through heat steam or in intercooler in the low-pressure stage compressor for realizing refrigerating function Saturated vapor to be pressed, is sent into the cryogenic vaporizer to be defrosted after compression, the condensation heating cryogenic vaporizer realizes defrosting, Realize that the cryogenic vaporizer in the low-pressure stage unit of refrigerating function still realizes refrigerating function；It waits after defrosting, realizes The low-pressure stage unit for the function that defrosts realizes refrigerating function by valve transfer；It needs to defrost when there is multiple cryogenic vaporizers When, realize defrosting by taking turns shelves mode.
A kind of refrigeration system completely cooling using the second throttle centre of Defrost for realizing above-mentioned operation method, packet Include high pressure stage compressor group, condenser, first throttle valve, intercooler and multigroup low-pressure stage unit；Each low-pressure stage Unit includes low-pressure stage compressor, the first four-way reversing valve, second throttle, cryogenic vaporizer, medium temperature evaporator, first unidirectional Valve and the second check valve, the suction end of the low-pressure stage compressor are connect with the 4th interface of first four-way reversing valve, institute The exhaust end for stating low-pressure stage compressor is connect with the second interface of first four-way reversing valve, first four-way reversing valve Third interface is connect with the import of first check valve and the outlet of second check valve respectively, the first four-way commutation The first interface of valve is connect by the cryogenic vaporizer with the first interface of the second throttle, in multigroup low pressure Grade unit in, the second interface of the second interface of the second throttle and the medium temperature evaporator be connected in parallel and with it is described The liquid outlet of intercooler connects, the first interface of the medium temperature evaporator be connected in parallel and with the intercooler First air inlet connects, the second air inlet company with the intercooler after the outlet of first check valve is connected in parallel Connect, the inlet parallel of second check valve together and respectively with the suction end of the high pressure stage compressor group and the centre The gas outlet of cooler connects；The exhaust end of the high pressure stage compressor group through the condenser, first throttle valve with it is described in Between cooler inlet connection.
The high pressure stage compressor group includes one or more high pressure stage compressor, when using more high pressure stage compressors When, the suction end of the air-breathing interface parallel connection of every high pressure stage compressor as the high pressure stage compressor group, described in every Exhaust end of the exhaust port parallel connection of high pressure stage compressor as the high pressure stage compressor group.
The quantity of the low-pressure stage unit is at least three.
A kind of refrigeration system that second throttle centre that realizing above-mentioned operation method is completely cooling, including high pressure stage compressor Group, condenser, first throttle valve, intercooler and multigroup low-pressure stage unit；Each low-pressure stage unit includes low-pressure stage Compressor, the first four-way reversing valve, the second four-way reversing valve, second throttle, cryogenic vaporizer, medium temperature evaporator, the first list To valve and the second check valve, the suction end of the low-pressure stage compressor is connect with the 4th interface of first four-way reversing valve, The exhaust end of the low-pressure stage compressor is connect with the second interface of first four-way reversing valve, first four-way reversing valve Third interface connect respectively with the import of first check valve and the outlet of second check valve, first four-way changes It is connect to the first interface of valve with the first interface of the second throttle through the cryogenic vaporizer, the second throttle Second interface is connect with the second interface of second four-way reversing valve, the second interface of the medium temperature evaporator and described second The third interface of four-way reversing valve connects, and in multigroup low-pressure stage unit, the first interface of the medium temperature evaporator is in parallel It connect together and with the first air inlet of the intercooler, the first interface of second four-way reversing valve connects with the 4th Mouth is connected in parallel and is connect with the liquid outlet of the intercooler；The outlet of first check valve be connected in parallel and with Second air inlet of the intercooler connects, the inlet parallel of second check valve together and respectively with the high pressure The suction end of grade compressor set is connected with the gas outlet of the intercooler；The exhaust end of the high pressure stage compressor group is through institute State condenser, first throttle valve is connect with the inlet of the intercooler.
A kind of refrigeration system that second throttle centre that realizing above-mentioned operation method is completely cooling, including high pressure stage compressor Group, condenser, first throttle valve, intercooler, third four-way reversing valve and multiple low-pressure stage units；Each low-pressure stage unit Including low-pressure stage compressor, the first four-way reversing valve, second throttle, cryogenic vaporizer, medium temperature evaporator, the first check valve and Second check valve, the suction end of the low-pressure stage compressor is connect with the 4th interface of first four-way reversing valve, described low The exhaust end of compressor of arbitrarily downgrading is connect with the second interface of first four-way reversing valve, the third of first four-way reversing valve Interface is connect with the import of first check valve and the outlet of second check valve respectively, first four-way reversing valve First interface is connect through the cryogenic vaporizer with the first interface of the second throttle；In multigroup low-pressure stage unit, The first interface of the medium temperature evaporator is connected in parallel and is connect with the first air inlet of the intercooler, described second The second interface of the second interface of throttle valve and the medium temperature evaporator is connected in parallel and goes out liquid with the intercooler Mouth connection, the outlet of first check valve is connected in parallel and is connect with the second interface of the third four-way reversing valve, institute State the inlet parallel of the second check valve together and respectively with the high pressure stage compressor group suction end and with the third four-way The third interface of reversal valve connects, the first interface of the third four-way reversing valve and the second air inlet of the intercooler Connection, the 4th interface of the third four-way reversing valve are connect with the gas outlet of the intercooler；The hiigh pressure stage compression The exhaust end of unit is connect through the condenser, first throttle valve with the inlet of the intercooler.
A kind of refrigeration system that second throttle centre that realizing above-mentioned operation method is completely cooling, including hiigh pressure stage compression Unit, condenser, first throttle valve, third four-way reversing valve, intercooler and multiple low-pressure stage units；Each low pressure Grade unit include low-pressure stage compressor, the first four-way reversing valve, the second four-way reversing valve, second throttle, cryogenic vaporizer, in Warm evaporator, the first check valve and the second check valve, the suction end of the low-pressure stage compressor and first four-way reversing valve The connection of the 4th interface, the exhaust end of the low-pressure stage compressor connect with the second interface of first four-way reversing valve, institute The third interface for stating the first four-way reversing valve connects with the import of first check valve and the outlet of second check valve respectively It connecing, the first interface of first four-way reversing valve is connect through the cryogenic vaporizer with the second throttle first interface, The second interface of the second throttle is connect with the second interface of second four-way reversing valve；The of the medium temperature evaporator One interface is connected in parallel and is connect with the first air inlet of the intercooler, the other end of the medium temperature evaporator and institute The third interface connection of the second four-way reversing valve is stated, the first interface and the 4th interface of second four-way reversing valve are connected in parallel on one It rises and is connect with the liquid outlet of the intercooler；The outlet of first check valve is connected in parallel and with the described 34 The second interface connection of logical reversal valve, the inlet parallel of second check valve together and respectively with the high pressure stage compressor Group suction end connected with the third interface of the third four-way reversing valve, the first interface of the third four-way reversing valve with it is described The second air inlet of intercooler connects, the gas outlet of the 4th interface and the intercooler of the third four-way reversing valve Connection；Feed liquor of the exhaust end of the high pressure stage compressor group through the condenser, first throttle valve and the intercooler Mouth connection.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1, the operation method of refrigeration system of the invention realizes refrigeration and the defrosting of low-pressure stage unit by the switching of valve The conversion of pattern.In defrost mode, it realizes that the low-pressure stage compressor of defrosting function is converted into high pressure stage compressor operation, realizes Cryogenic compressor in the low-pressure stage unit for the function that defrosts is absorbed to be pressed through in the low-pressure stage compressor for realizing refrigerating function Heat steam or middle pressure saturated vapor from intercooler realize the reverse cycle defrosting of low-pressure stage unit, defrosting after compression When cycle and refrigeration when cycle be two-stage compression cycle, and then formed a dynamical system, temperature fluctuation is small, defrosting effect Rate is high, energy saving.Meanwhile compressor can stable operation, improve the service life of system.
2, the refrigeration system that the present invention is cooled down completely using the second throttle centre with medium temperature evaporator of Defrost, When there is cryogenic vaporizer defrosting in low-pressure stage unit, pass through valve transfer, realizes the refrigeration and defrosting mode of low-pressure stage unit Conversion, in defrost mode, realize defrosting function low-pressure stage compressor be converted into high pressure stage compressor operation, defrosting cycle It is two-stage compression cycle with refrigeration cycle, and then forms a dynamic cooling system, uses more flexible convenience, defrosting efficiency Height has saved the energy.
3, the low-pressure stage unit mesolow grade compressor of refrigeration system of the invention defrosting can be sucked without intermediate cold But device cooling in press through heat steam, in press through heat steam through defrost low-pressure stage unit low pressure compressor sucking compression discharge more The hot gas of high-temperature, into the Temperature of Working higher of defrosting low-pressure stage unit cryogenic vaporizer, defrosting effect is more preferable, defrosting speed Faster.When cryogenic vaporizer need not all defrost in all low-pressure stage units, pass through valve transfer, high pressure stage compressor sucking By the middle pressure saturated vapor that intercooler cools down, middle pressure saturated vapor sucks the hot gas of compression discharge through high pressure stage compressor Temperature is relatively low, and condensation effect is good, high cooling efficiency.
4, in refrigeration system of the invention, low-pressure stage compressor is converted to high pressure when the evaporator in low-pressure stage unit defrosts Grade compressor operating, between middle pressure and high pressure, low-pressure stage unit is turned the defrosting cycle operation of low-pressure stage unit by refrigeration cycle When becoming defrosting cycle, the pressure difference variation to work between the compressor suction and discharge in low-pressure stage unit is smaller, and the heat dissipation of compressor is more It is good, be conducive to protect compressor.
5, the present invention is low using completely cooling refrigeration system among the second throttle with medium temperature evaporator of Defrost The input work of evaporator and compressor of the origin of heat for the evaporator defrosting arbitrarily downgraded in unit in the low-pressure stage unit that freezes, is removed Heat when white is in liberal supply, unrestricted, can fully defrost, defrosting efficiency higher, is more suitable for large-scale Two-stage Compression In refrigeration system.
6, in refrigeration system of the invention, low-pressure stage compressor heat pump circulation is used to defrost for low-temperature evaporation device wheel shelves, together When, during defrosting, low-pressure stage compressor is converted to high pressure stage compressor operation successively, convenient for compressor lubrication of just arbitrarily downgrading Oily oil return is uniform, and compressor abrasion degree of just arbitrarily downgrading is uniform, and compressor abrasion degree of just arbitrarily downgrading is uniform.Simple system, effect Rate is high.Compared with defrosting evaporator and the individually refrigeration system of defrosting branch is separately provided, structure is simpler, at the beginning of reducing system Investment.
7, the present invention is using in completely cooling refrigeration system among the second throttle with medium temperature evaporator of Defrost Cryogenic vaporizer defrosting use inverse circulating heat pump defrosting, heat inside the frost layer, frost is easy to fall off from cooling surface, so The heat ratio theoretical value actually to defrost is much smaller.Meanwhile frost layer is melted from inside to outside, does not have vapor to steaming at defrosting initial stage It sends out and is escaped outside device.Only after frost thawing falls off, the heat on ribbed pipe is just to external radiation, but the stage of defrosting at this time also tends to terminate, Therefore few with the heat exchange amount of Ku Nei and surrounding building enclosure, defrosting efficiency is relatively high.
8, the present invention is using in completely cooling refrigeration system among the second throttle with medium temperature evaporator of Defrost High pressure stage compressor number is unlimited, and low-pressure stage unit number is three or more, can be according to different working condition requirements, and different is cold Amount demand realizes variable-flow cycle of just arbitrarily downgrading, matches optimum capacity ratio between just arbitrarily downgrading grade.
9, the present invention can using completely cooling refrigeration system among the second throttle with medium temperature evaporator of Defrost The refrigerating capacity under two kinds of evaporating temperatures is produced simultaneously, particularly suitable for providing refrigerator and guick freezing room simultaneously in refrigeration storage system Cold.
10, the present invention is using completely cooling refrigeration system among the second throttle with medium temperature evaporator of high temperature hot gas defrosting System is in having the origin of heat that when cryogenic vaporizer defrosts in low-pressure stage unit, defrosting low-pressure stage unit cryogenic vaporizer defrosts to be Press through hot gas.I.e. defrosting low-pressure stage unit mesolow grade compressor is directly from refrigeration low-pressure stage unit low-pressure stage compressor air-discharging The end sucking higher middle pressure steam of the degree of superheat, the high-pressure working medium temperature higher of defrosting low-pressure stage unit low-pressure stage compressor discharge, Into the Temperature of Working higher of defrosting low-pressure stage unit cryogenic vaporizer, defrosting effect is more preferable, and defrosting speed is faster.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 show refrigeration completely cooling among the non-full liquid type second throttle of the hot gas defrosting of the embodiment of the present invention 1 The structure principle chart of system；
Fig. 2 show refrigeration system completely cooling among the full liquid type second throttle of the hot gas defrosting of the embodiment of the present invention 2 The structure principle chart of system；
Fig. 3 show the non-full liquid type second throttle centre cooling completely of the high temperature hot gas defrosting of the embodiment of the present invention 3 The structure principle chart of refrigeration system；
Fig. 4 show system completely cooling among the full liquid type second throttle of the high temperature hot gas defrosting of the embodiment of the present invention 4 The structure principle chart of cooling system；
Fig. 5 show intercooler interface diagram.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
The present invention designing points be：One low-pressure stage compressor string, one cryogenic vaporizer when defrosting, is cut by valve It changing, low-pressure stage compressor becomes high pressure stage compressor, and high pressure stage compressor originally, which can partly shut down or all shut down, not to be had to, Make to press through heat steam or the middle pressure saturated vapor from intercooler in the low-pressure stage compressor for realizing refrigerating function The low-pressure stage compressor sucking being defrosted, enters cryogenic vaporizer to be defrosted after compression, and the evaporator of defrosting is converted to double Grade compression condensation device.(or group) defrosts one by one, and after having defrosted, each evaporator refrigeration is carried out by valve transfer.Particular technique Scheme is such as：
The operation method of refrigeration system completely cooling, sets in each low-pressure stage unit among the second throttle of the present invention Medium temperature evaporator and cryogenic vaporizer are set, the medium temperature evaporator freezes for realizing medium temperature, and the cryogenic vaporizer is for real Existing cryogenic refrigeration or defrosting, the operation method include the following steps：When all low-pressure stage units realize refrigerating function, in described Middle pressure saturated liquid working medium is flashed to middle pressure saturated vapor by warm evaporator, realizes medium temperature refrigeration；The cryogenic vaporizer will be low Press liquid working medium flashes to low-pressure steam, realizes cryogenic refrigeration；When there is cryogenic vaporizer to need defrosting, by valve transfer, Realize that the low-pressure stage compressor of defrosting function is converted into high pressure stage compressor operation, in the low-pressure stage unit for realizing the function that defrosts Low-pressure stage compressor is absorbed presses through heat steam or from intercooler in the low-pressure stage compressor for realizing refrigerating function Middle pressure saturated vapor, be sent into the cryogenic vaporizer to be defrosted, the condensation heating cryogenic vaporizer after compression, realization removes Frost realizes that the cryogenic vaporizer in the low-pressure stage unit of refrigerating function still realizes refrigerating function；It waits after defrosting, realization removes The low-pressure stage unit of white function realizes refrigerating function by valve transfer.When there is multiple cryogenic vaporizers to need defrosting, Defrosting is realized by taking turns shelves mode.
In the present invention, high pressure stage compressor quantity in high pressure stage compressor group is one or more, low-pressure stage unit number Amount is at least three.When high pressure stage compressor quantity is 1, and low-pressure stage unit is three, reverse cycle defrosting needs are realized High pressure stage compressor is shut down.Attached drawing is to contain high pressure stage compressor 2 in high pressure stage compressor group, and low-pressure stage unit is 4, such as Two high pressure stage compressors are all shut down when one low-pressure stage unit defrosting of fruit, then operation proportioning of just arbitrarily downgrading is 1：3, if one One high pressure stage compressor runs another shutdown when a low-pressure stage unit defrosting, then operation proportioning of just arbitrarily downgrading is 2：3.If There are 3 high pressure stage compressors in high pressure stage compressor group, low-pressure stage unit 6, when defrosting, operation proportioning of just arbitrarily downgrading type is more It is more.During defrosting, high pressure stage compressor whether shut down or part shut down according to just arbitrarily downgrade head proportioning, specific operating mode with And defrosting quality etc. determines.
The present invention uses in refrigeration system completely cooling among the second throttle with medium temperature evaporator of Defrost, When there is in low-pressure stage unit cryogenic vaporizer defrost, according to before refrigeration low-pressure stage unit second throttle in medium temperature evaporator The state of pressure working medium is divided into full liquid liquid-supplying type and non-full liquid liquid-supplying type.Wherein, enter low-temperature evaporation in the system of full liquid liquid-supplying type Device is low with the working medium mass dryness fraction of medium temperature evaporator, and heat exchange efficiency is high, the heat exchanger area that cryogenic vaporizer is needed with medium temperature evaporator It is small.The system structure of non-full liquid liquid-supplying type is simple, and parts are less, and cost is lower.Meanwhile it in refrigeration system of the invention, removing Corresponding low-pressure stage compressor can press saturated vapor from intercooler sucking when white, can also suck without intermediate cold But the higher steam of temperature is pressed through in device cooling.In embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, in the low-pressure stage unit for realizing defrosting function Cryogenic compressor absorb the middle pressure saturated vapor from intercooler realize defrosting, embodiment 3 and embodiment 4 after compression In, realize that the cryogenic compressor in the low-pressure stage unit of defrosting function is absorbed from the low-pressure stage compressor for realizing refrigerating function In press through the steam of temperature bigger and defrost after compression.In press through heat steam through defrost low-pressure stage unit low pressure compressor inhale The hot gas for entering the higher temperature of compression discharge, into the Temperature of Working higher of defrosting low-pressure stage unit cryogenic vaporizer, defrosting effect Fruit is more preferable, and defrosting speed is faster.
The method of the present invention can be realized by following refrigeration systems：
Embodiment 1
Structure principle chart such as Fig. 1 of cooling refrigeration system completely among the full liquid type second throttle of hot gas defrosting of the present invention It is shown, including high pressure stage compressor group, condenser 5, first throttle valve 4-1, intercooler 3 and multigroup low-pressure stage unit.This In embodiment, the high pressure stage compressor group includes one or more high pressure stage compressor 1-2, is compressed when using more hiigh pressure stages When machine 1-2, the suction end of the air-breathing interface parallel connection of every high pressure stage compressor 1-2 as the high pressure stage compressor group, Exhaust end of the exhaust port parallel connection of every high pressure stage compressor 1-2 as the high pressure stage compressor group.The low pressure Grade unit can be used for refrigeration cycle or defrosting cycle, and each low-pressure stage unit includes low-pressure stage compressor 1-1, the first four-way Reversal valve 2-1, second throttle 4-2, cryogenic vaporizer 6-1, medium temperature evaporator 6-2, the first check valve 7-1 and the second check valve 7-2, the suction end of the low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 are connect with the 4th interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1, the low pressure The exhaust end of grade compressor 1-1 is connect with the second interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1, the first four-way reversing valve 2- 1 third interface is connect with the import of the first check valve 7-1 and the outlet of the second check valve 7-2 respectively, and described The first interface of one four-way reversing valve 2-1 is connected by the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1 and the first interface of the second throttle It connects, in multigroup low-pressure stage unit, the of the second interface of the second throttle 4-2 and the medium temperature evaporator 6-2 Two interfaces are connected in parallel and are connect with the liquid outlet of the intercooler 3, and the first interface of the medium temperature evaporator 6-2 is simultaneously It is linked togather and is connect with the first air inlet of the intercooler 3, the outlet of the first check valve 7-1 is connected in parallel Connect afterwards with the second air inlet of the intercooler 3, the inlet parallel of the second check valve 7-2 together and respectively with The gas outlet connection of the suction end and the intercooler 3 of the high pressure stage compressor group；The high pressure stage compressor group Exhaust end is connect through the condenser 5, first throttle valve 4-1 with the inlet of the intercooler 3.
When cryogenic vaporizer need not all defrost in low-pressure stage unit, all low-pressure stage units are used for refrigeration cycle, i.e., All low-pressure stage units realize refrigerating function.In the low-pressure stage unit for realizing refrigerating function, the first four-way reversing valve 2-1's First interface is connect with the 4th interface, and the second interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 is connect with third interface.It is evaporated with medium temperature Completely cooling two-stage compression refrigeration cycle thermal procession is as follows among the second throttle of device：Realize the low-pressure stage unit of refrigerating function In, low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 sucks low-pressure steam, work through the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 from the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1 Matter through the low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 compression boosting after become in press through heat steam, after through the first four-way reversing valve 2- 1, the second air inlet 3-2 of the first check valve 7-1 and intercooler 3 is discharged into the cooling of the intercooler 3.The high pressure Grade compressor set presses saturated vapor from the gas outlet 3-3 of the intercooler 3 suckings, and steam is through the high pressure stage compressor Group compression, which boosts to be discharged into the condenser 5 after becoming high pressure superheated vapor, is condensed into highly pressurised liquid, and liquid is through described first Throttle valve 4-1 reducing pressure by regulating flow becomes middle pressure damp steam and enters the cooling during rolling by the inlet 3-4 of the intercooler 3 Device；Middle a part of evaporation endothermic of press liquid working medium in the intercooler 3, cooling second air inlet of intercooler 3-2 presses through heat steam in coming in.The middle pressure saturated liquid working medium flowed out from the intercooler liquid outlet 3-5 is divided into two Point, the middle pressure saturated liquid working medium that a part is flowed out from the intercooler liquid outlet 3-5 enters the medium temperature evaporator 6-2 Middle evaporation absorbs the heat in medium temperature freezer, generates medium temperature refrigeration phenomenon, and the middle pressure come out from the medium temperature evaporator 6-2 is full The intercooler is returned to by the first air inlet 3-1 of the intercooler 3 with steam, another part is from the centre The middle pressure saturated liquid working medium of cooler liquid outlet 3-5 outflows becomes the wet steaming of low pressure through the second throttle 4-2 reducing pressure by regulating flow Gas, which enters in the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1, to be evaporated, and is absorbed the heat in low-temperature cold store, cryogenic refrigeration phenomenon is generated, from described low Low-pressure steam in warm evaporator 6-1 out returns to the low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 air-breathings through the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 Completely cooling two-stage compression refrigeration cycle among the second throttle with medium temperature evaporator is completed at end.
When there is the cryogenic vaporizer in low-pressure stage unit to need defrosting, corresponding low-pressure stage unit realizes defrosting function, Remaining low-pressure stage unit realizes refrigerating function.Realize that the thermodynamic cycle process of the low-pressure stage unit of refrigerating function is constant.It realizes In the low-pressure stage unit for the function that defrosts, the first interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 connect with second interface, third interface It is connect with the 4th interface.In the low-pressure stage unit for realizing refrigerating function, the first interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 and the The connection of four interfaces, second interface and third interface connect so that realize the low-pressure stage compression in the low-pressure stage unit of defrosting function Machine is converted into high pressure stage compressor.In the low-pressure stage unit for realizing defrosting function, the defrosting heating power of the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1 Process is as follows：The low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 is through the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 and the second check valve 7-2 from the centre Saturated vapor, steam is pressed to become high pressure after low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 compression boostings in the gas outlet 3-3 suckings of cooler Superheated vapor, which enters through the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 in the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1, to be condensed, and the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1 is heated, Realize that the defrosting of cryogenic vaporizer 6-1, the highly pressurised liquid working medium being condensed into become through the second throttle 4-2 reducing pressure by regulating flow Middle pressure damp steam is mixed with the middle press liquid of the liquid outlet 3-5 outflow from the intercooler, be mixed into damp steam respectively into Enter the corresponding medium temperature evaporator 6-2 of all low-pressure stage units and realizes the corresponding second throttle of low-pressure stage unit of refrigerating function In 4-2, complete completely cooling among the second throttle with medium temperature evaporator using the defrosting of low-pressure stage compressor heat pump circulation Two-stage compression refrigeration recycles.
Embodiment 2
Structure principle chart such as Fig. 2 of cooling refrigeration system completely among the full liquid type second throttle of hot gas defrosting of the present invention It is shown, including high pressure stage compressor group, condenser 5, first throttle valve 4-1, intercooler 3 and multigroup low-pressure stage unit.This In embodiment, the high pressure stage compressor group includes one or more high pressure stage compressor 1-2, is compressed when using more hiigh pressure stages When machine 1-2, the suction end of the air-breathing interface parallel connection of every high pressure stage compressor 1-2 as the high pressure stage compressor group, Exhaust end of the exhaust port parallel connection of every high pressure stage compressor 1-2 as the high pressure stage compressor group.The low pressure Grade unit can be used for refrigeration cycle or defrosting cycle, and each low-pressure stage unit includes low-pressure stage compressor 1-1, the first four-way Reversal valve 2-1, the second four-way reversing valve 2-2, second throttle 4-2, cryogenic vaporizer 6-1, medium temperature evaporator 6-2, the first list To valve 7-1 and the second check valve 7-2, the of the suction end of the low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 and the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 Four interfaces connect, and the exhaust end of the low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 is connect with the second interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1, The third interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 respectively with the import of the first check valve 7-1 and second check valve The outlet of 7-2 connects, and the first interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 is saved through the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1 and described second Flow the first interface connection of valve 4-2, the of the second interface of the second throttle 4-2 and the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 Two interfaces connect, and the second interface of the medium temperature evaporator 6-2 is connect with the third interface of the second four-way reversing valve 2-2, In multigroup low-pressure stage unit, the first interface of the medium temperature evaporator 6-2 be connected in parallel and with the cooling during rolling First air inlet 3-1 connections of device 3, the first interface and the 4th interface of the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 are connected in parallel simultaneously It is connect with the liquid outlet 3-5 of the intercooler 3；The outlet of the first check valve 7-1 be connected in parallel and with it is described in Between cooler 3 the second air inlet 3-2 connections, the inlet parallel of the second check valve 7-2 together and respectively with the height The suction end for compressor set of arbitrarily downgrading is connected with the gas outlet 3-3 of the intercooler 3；The exhaust of the high pressure stage compressor group End is connect through the condenser 5, first throttle valve 4-1 with the inlet 3-4 of the intercooler 3.
When the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1 in all low-pressure stage units need not defrost, all low-pressure stage units are used for Refrigeration cycle realizes refrigerating function.In the low-pressure stage unit for realizing refrigerating function, the first of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 Interface connect with the 4th interface, the connection of second interface and third interface, the first interface of the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 and the The connection of two interfaces, third interface are connect with the 4th interface.Completely cooling twin-stage pressure among second throttle with medium temperature evaporator Contraction SAPMAC method thermal procession is as follows：In the low-pressure stage unit for realizing refrigerating function, low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 is through the described 1st Logical reversal valve 2-1 sucks low-pressure steam from the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1, and working medium is compressed through the low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 to be risen Heat steam is pressed through in becoming after pressure, after through the first four-way reversing valve 2-1, the first check valve 7-1 and intercooler 3 Second air inlet 3-2 is discharged into the cooling of the intercooler 3；High pressure stage compressor 1-2 in the high pressure stage compressor group Saturated vapor is pressed from the gas outlet 3-3 of the intercooler 3 suckings, steam is compressed through the high pressure stage compressor 1-2 to be risen Buckling is condensed into highly pressurised liquid to enter in the condenser 5 after high pressure superheated vapor, and highly pressurised liquid is through the first throttle valve 4-1 reducing pressure by regulating flow becomes middle pressure damp steam and enters the intercooler 3 by the inlet 3-4 of the intercooler 3；Institute State middle a part of evaporation endothermic of press liquid working medium in intercooler 3, the cooling 3 second air inlet 3-2 of intercooler Heat steam is pressed through in coming in.The middle pressure saturated liquid working medium flowed out from 3 liquid outlet 3-5 of intercooler is divided into two parts, and one It presses saturated liquid working medium through the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 to enter in the medium temperature evaporator 6-2 in part to evaporate, it is cold to absorb medium temperature Heat in library, generates medium temperature refrigeration phenomenon, and the middle pressure saturated vapor come out from the medium temperature evaporator 6-2 passes through the centre First air inlet 3-1 of cooler 3 returns to the intercooler 3；Another part is from 3 liquid outlet 3-5 of the intercooler Middle pressure saturated liquid working medium out enters second throttle 4-2 through the second four-way reversing valve 2-2, through second throttle 4- 2 reducing pressure by regulating flow become low pressure damp steam into evaporating in the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1, absorb the heat in low-temperature cold store, generate Cryogenic refrigeration phenomenon, the low-pressure steam from the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1 out return to institute through the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 Low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 suction ends are stated, completely cooling two-stage compression refrigeration among the second throttle with medium temperature evaporator is completed Cycle.
When there is in low-pressure stage unit cryogenic vaporizer need defrosting, corresponding low-pressure stage unit realizes defrosting function, Remaining low-pressure stage unit realizes refrigerating function.For realizing the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 in the low-pressure stage unit of refrigerating function and The connecting interface and thermodynamic cycle process of second four-way reversing valve 2-2 is constant.In low-pressure stage unit for realizing defrosting function, The first interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 is connect with second interface, third interface is connect with the 4th interface, and described second The first interface of four-way reversing valve 2-2 is connect with the 4th interface, second interface and third interface connect so that realizes defrosting function Low-pressure stage unit in low-pressure stage compressor be converted into high pressure stage compressor.Described in the low-pressure stage unit for realizing defrosting function Cryogenic vaporizer defrosting thermal procession is as follows：In the low-pressure stage unit for realizing defrosting function, the low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 is through institute The first four-way reversing valve 2-1 and the second check valve 7-2 the pressure saturation from the gas outlet 3-3 of the intercooler 3 suckings is stated to steam Gas, steam become high pressure superheated vapor after low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 compression boostings and are discharged into the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1 The cryogenic vaporizer 6-1 is heated in middle condensation, generates the defrosting phenomenon of the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1, the high pressure liquid being condensed into Body working medium becomes middle pressure damp steam through the second throttle 4-2 reducing pressure by regulating flow, and damp steam enters through the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 The medium temperature evaporator 6-2 evaporations, are completed using the secondary with medium temperature evaporator of low-pressure stage compressor heat pump circulation defrosting The intermediate completely cooling two-stage compression refrigeration cycle of throttling.
Embodiment 3
The structural principle of the refrigeration system cooled down completely among the non-full liquid type second throttle of high temperature hot gas defrosting of the present invention Figure is as shown in figure 3, including high pressure stage compressor group, condenser 5, first throttle valve 4-1, intercooler 3, the commutation of third four-way Valve 2-3 and multiple low-pressure stage units.In the present embodiment, the high pressure stage compressor group includes one or more high pressure stage compressor 1-2, when using more high pressure stage compressor 1-2, described in the air-breathing interface parallel connection conduct of every high pressure stage compressor 1-2 The suction end of high pressure stage compressor group, the exhaust port parallel connection of every high pressure stage compressor 1-2 is as the hiigh pressure stage pressure The exhaust end of contracting unit.The low-pressure stage unit can be used for refrigeration cycle or defrosting cycle, and each low-pressure stage unit includes low pressure Grade compressor 1-1, the first four-way reversing valve 2-1, second throttle 4-2, cryogenic vaporizer 6-1, medium temperature evaporator 6-2, first Check valve 7-1 and the second check valve 7-2, the suction end of the low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 is with the first four-way reversing valve 2-1's 4th interface connects, and the exhaust end of the low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 and the second interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 connect Connect, the third interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 respectively with the import of the first check valve 7-1 and described second unidirectional The outlet of valve 7-2 connects, and the first interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 is through the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1 and described second The first interface of throttle valve 4-2 connects；In multigroup low-pressure stage unit, the first interface of the medium temperature evaporator 6-2 is in parallel It connect together and with the first air inlet 3-1 of the intercooler 3, the second interface of the second throttle 4-2 and institute The second interface for stating medium temperature evaporator 6-2 is connected in parallel and is connect with the liquid outlet 3-5 of the intercooler 3, and described The outlet of one check valve 7-1 is connected in parallel and is connect with the second interface of the third four-way reversing valve 2-3, and described second is single To valve 7-2 inlet parallel together and respectively with the high pressure stage compressor group suction end and with the third four-way reversing valve The third interface of 2-3 connects, the second air inlet of the first interface and the intercooler 3 of the third four-way reversing valve 2-3 Mouth 3-2 connections, the 4th interface of the third four-way reversing valve 2-3 are connect with the gas outlet 3-3 of the intercooler 3；Institute State inlet of the exhaust end of high pressure stage compressor group through the condenser 5, first throttle valve 4-1 and the intercooler 3 3-4 connections.
When cryogenic vaporizer need not all defrost in low-pressure stage unit, all low-pressure stage units are used to refrigeration cycle, Realize refrigerating function.The first interface of the third four-way reversing valve 2-3 connect with second interface, third interface and the 4th interface Connection.In the low-pressure stage unit for realizing refrigerating function, the first interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 and the 4th interface connect It connects, the connection of second interface and third interface.Completely cooling two-stage compression refrigeration follows among second throttle with medium temperature evaporator Ring thermal procession is as follows：In the low-pressure stage unit for realizing refrigerating function, low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 is through first four-way reversing valve 2-1 sucks low-pressure steam from the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1, and working medium becomes after low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 compression boostings In press through heat steam, after through the first four-way reversing valve 2-1, the first check valve 7-1, third four-way reversing valve 2-3 and in Between cooler 3 the second air inlet 3-2 into the intercooler 3 cool down.Hiigh pressure stage in the high pressure stage compressor group Compressor 1-2 presses saturated vapor, steam through third four-way reversing valve 2-3 from the gas outlet 3-3 of the intercooler 3 suckings Enter in the condenser 5 after high pressure stage compressor 1-2 compression boostings become high pressure superheated vapor and is condensed into high pressure liquid Body, highly pressurised liquid become middle pressure feed liquor of the damp steam by the intercooler 3 through the first throttle valve 4-1 reducing pressure by regulating flow Mouth 3-4 enters the intercooler 3；Middle a part of evaporation endothermic of press liquid working medium in the intercooler 3, cooling institute It states during 3 second air inlet 3-2 of intercooler comes in and presses through heat steam.It is come out from 3 liquid outlet 3-5 of the intercooler Middle pressure saturated liquid working medium is divided into two parts, presses saturated liquid working medium to enter in the medium temperature evaporator 6-2 in a part and evaporates, The heat in medium temperature freezer is absorbed, medium temperature refrigeration phenomenon is generated, the middle pressure saturated vapor come out from the medium temperature evaporator 6-2 is logical The the first air inlet 3-1 for crossing the intercooler 3 returns to the intercooler 3；Saturated liquid working medium is pressed in another part Become low pressure damp steam into evaporating in the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1 through the second throttle 4-2 reducing pressure by regulating flow, absorbs low temperature Heat in freezer generates cryogenic refrigeration phenomenon, and the low-pressure steam from the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1 out is through the described 1st Logical reversal valve 2-1 returns to the low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 suction ends, completes among the second throttle with medium temperature evaporator completely Cooling two-stage compression refrigeration cycle.
When having, when cryogenic vaporizer needs defrosting in low-pressure stage unit, corresponding low-pressure stage unit is that defrosting recycles, and is realized Defrost function, remaining low-pressure stage unit is refrigeration cycle, realizes refrigerating function.In the low-pressure stage unit for realizing refrigerating function The connecting interface and refrigeration thermodynamic cycle process of first four-way reversing valve are constant.The third four-way reversing valve 2-3 first interfaces It is connect with the 4th interface, the connection of second interface and third interface.In the low-pressure stage unit for realizing defrosting function, first four-way Reversal valve 2-1 first interfaces are connect with second interface, third interface is connect with the 4th interface so that realize the low pressure of defrosting function Low-pressure stage compressor in grade unit is converted into high pressure stage compressor.Defrost the heat of cryogenic vaporizer defrosting described in low-pressure stage unit Power process is as follows：In the low-pressure stage unit for realizing defrosting function, the low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 commutates through first four-way The low-pressure stage compression of valve 2-1, the second check valve 7-2 and third four-way reversing valve 2-3 from the low-pressure stage unit for realizing refrigerating function Heat steam, the low-pressure stage compressor compresses liter of low-pressure stage unit of the steam through realization defrosting function are pressed through in the exhaust end sucking of machine Become high pressure superheated vapor after pressure and be discharged into the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1 to condense, heat the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1, generates The defrosting phenomenon of the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1, the highly pressurised liquid working medium being condensed into is through the second throttle 4-2 reducing pressure by regulating flow Become middle pressure damp steam to mix with the middle press liquid come out from 3 liquid outlet 3-5 of the intercooler, is mixed into damp steam difference Into all low-pressure stage units medium temperature evaporator 6-2 and realize refrigerating function low-pressure stage unit in second throttle 4-2 In, the damp steam into the medium temperature evaporator 6-2 is entered by the first air inlet of intercooler in intercooler 3, It completes completely cooling among the second throttle with medium temperature evaporator using the high temperature hot gas defrosting of low-pressure stage compressor discharge Two-stage compression refrigeration recycles.
Embodiment 4
The structure principle chart of the refrigeration system cooled down completely among the full liquid type second throttle of high temperature hot gas defrosting of the present invention As shown in figure 4, including high pressure stage compressor group, condenser 5, first throttle valve 4-1, third four-way reversing valve 2-3, cooling during rolling Device 3 and multiple low-pressure stage units.In the present embodiment, the high pressure stage compressor group includes one or more high pressure stage compressor 1- 2, when using more high pressure stage compressor 1-2, the air-breathing interface parallel connection of every high pressure stage compressor 1-2 is as the height The exhaust port parallel connection of the suction end for compressor set of arbitrarily downgrading, every high pressure stage compressor 1-2 is compressed as the hiigh pressure stage The exhaust end of unit.The low-pressure stage unit can be used for refrigeration cycle or defrosting cycle, and each low-pressure stage unit includes low Arbitrarily downgrade compressor 1-1, the first four-way reversing valve 2-1, the second four-way reversing valve 2-2, second throttle 4-2, cryogenic vaporizer 6- 1, medium temperature evaporator 6-2, the first check valve 7-1 and the second check valve 7-2, the suction end of the low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 and institute The 4th interface connection of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 is stated, exhaust end and first four-way of the low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 change Connected to the second interface of valve 2-1, the third interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 respectively with the first check valve 7-1 Import and the second check valve 7-2 outlet connection, the first interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 is through the low temperature Evaporator 6-1 is connect with the second throttle 4-2 first interfaces, the second interface of the second throttle 4-2 and described the The second interface of two four-way reversing valve 2-2 connects；The first interface of the medium temperature evaporator 6-2 be connected in parallel and with it is described in Between cooler 3 the first air inlet 3-1 connections, the other end of the medium temperature evaporator 6-2 and the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 The connection of third interface, the first interface and the 4th interface of the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 be connected in parallel and with it is described in Between cooler 3 liquid outlet 3-5 connections；The outlet of the first check valve 7-1 is connected in parallel and is changed with the third four-way It is connected to the second interface of valve 2-3, the inlet parallel of the second check valve 7-2 is compressed with the hiigh pressure stage together and respectively Unit suction end is connected with the third interface of the third four-way reversing valve 2-3, and the first of the third four-way reversing valve 2-3 connects Mouthful connect with 3 second air inlet 3-2 of the intercooler, the 4th interface of the third four-way reversing valve 2-3 and it is described in Between cooler 3 gas outlet 3-3 connections；The exhaust end of the high pressure stage compressor group is through the condenser 5, first throttle valve 4- 1 connect with the inlet 3-4 of the intercooler 3.
When cryogenic vaporizer need not all defrost in low-pressure stage unit, all low-pressure stage units are used for refrigeration cycle, i.e., All low-pressure stage units realize refrigerating function.The first interface of the third four-way reversing valve 2-3 connect with second interface, third Interface is connect with the 4th interface, and the first interface of the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 connect with the 4th interface, second interface and the Three interfaces connect, and the first interface of the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 is connect with second interface, third interface and the 4th interface connect It connects.Completely cooling two-stage compression refrigeration cycle thermal procession is as follows among second throttle with medium temperature evaporator：Low-pressure stage pressure Contracting machine 1-1 sucks low-pressure steam through the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 from the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1, and working medium is through described low Arbitrarily downgrade and press through heat steam in becoming after compressor 1-1 compression boosting, after through the first four-way reversing valve 2-1, first unidirectional Second air inlet 3-2 of valve 7-1, third four-way reversing valve 2-3 and intercooler 3 is discharged into the cooling of the intercooler 3； High pressure stage compressor machine 1-2 in the hiigh pressure stage compression group the going out from the intercooler 3 through third four-way reversing valve 2-3 Saturated vapor, steam quilt after high pressure stage compressor 1-2 compression boostings become high pressure superheated vapor are pressed in gas port 3-3 suckings Be discharged into the condenser 5 and be condensed into highly pressurised liquid, highly pressurised liquid through the first throttle valve 4-1 reducing pressure by regulating flow become it is middle pressure it is wet Steam enters the intercooler 3 by the inlet 3-4 of the intercooler 3.Middle pressure in the intercooler 3 A part of evaporation endothermic of liquid working substance, the cooling 3 second air inlet 3-2 of intercooler press through heat steam in coming in.From The middle pressure saturated liquid working medium that 3 liquid outlet 3-5 of the intercooler comes out is divided into two parts, and saturated liquid work is pressed in a part Matter, which enters through the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 in the medium temperature evaporator 6-2, evaporates, and the heat in medium temperature freezer is absorbed, in generation Temperature refrigeration phenomenon, the first air inlet that the middle pressure saturated vapor come out from the medium temperature evaporator 6-2 passes through the intercooler 3 Mouth 3-1 returns to the intercooler 3；The middle pressure saturated liquid that another part comes out from 3 liquid outlet 3-5 of the intercooler Working medium becomes low pressure damp steam through the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 and second throttle 4-2 reducing pressure by regulating flow and enters the low temperature It is evaporated in evaporator 6-1, absorbs the heat in low-temperature cold store, generated cryogenic refrigeration phenomenon, go out from the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1 The low-pressure steam come returns to the low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 suction ends through the first four-way reversing valve 2-1, completes have medium temperature Completely cooling two-stage compression refrigeration cycle among the second throttle of evaporator.
When there is in low-pressure stage unit cryogenic vaporizer need defrosting, corresponding low-pressure stage unit realizes defrosting function, Remaining low-pressure stage unit realizes refrigerating function.Realize the first four-way reversing valve and the two or four in the low-pressure stage unit of refrigerating function The connecting interface of logical reversal valve and thermodynamic cycle are constant.The third four-way reversing valve 2-3 first interfaces connect with the 4th interface, Second interface is connect with third interface.It defrosts in low-pressure stage unit, the first four-way reversing valve 2-1 first interfaces connect with second Mouthful connection, third interface are connect with the 4th interface, and the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 first interfaces connect with the 4th interface, the Two interfaces are connect with third interface so that realize that the low-pressure stage compressor in the low-pressure stage unit of defrosting function is converted into hiigh pressure stage Compressor.The thermal procession of cryogenic vaporizer defrosting described in low-pressure stage unit that defrosts is as follows：It defrosts low described in low-pressure stage unit The compressor 1-1 that arbitrarily downgrades makes through the first four-way reversing valve 2-1, the second check valve 7-2 and third four-way reversing valve 2-3 from realization Heat steam is pressed through in the exhaust end sucking of the low-pressure stage compressor 1-1 of the low-pressure stage unit of cold function, steam is through the low-pressure stage Become high pressure superheated vapor after compressor 1-1 compression boosting and be discharged into the cryogenic vaporizer 6-1 to condense, heats the low temperature Evaporator 6-1 generates the defrosting phenomenon of cryogenic vaporizer 6-1, and the highly pressurised liquid working medium being condensed into is through the second throttle 4-2 reducing pressure by regulating flow becomes middle pressure damp steam, and damp steam enters the low-pressure stage list for realizing defrosting function through the second four-way reversing valve 2-2 The medium temperature evaporator 6-2 evaporations of member, later, the working medium with the medium temperature evaporator discharge in the low-pressure stage unit of realization refrigerating function Entered in intercooler 3 by the first air inlet 3-1 of intercooler together, is completed using the discharge of low-pressure stage compressor Completely cooling two-stage compression refrigeration cycle among the second throttle with medium temperature evaporator of high temperature hot gas defrosting.
Wherein, the cryogenic compressor and high temperature compressor can be screw compressor, rotor compressor, helical-lobe compressor Any one of with piston compressor.
The condenser is air-cooled condenser, water-cooled condenser or evaporative condenser.
The evaporator is air-cooled or solution refrigerating formula.
The intercooler is plate heat exchanger, double pipe heat exchanger or shell and tube exchanger.
The first throttle valve and second throttle are electric expansion valve, heating power expansion valve, capillary or orifice throttle dress It sets.
First check valve, the second check valve, the first four-way reversing valve, the second four-way reversing valve and the commutation of third four-way Valve is the prior art, can be replaced in systems with solenoid valve, hand valve, three-way diverter valve.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the common skill of the art For art personnel, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. the operation method of double-stage compressive refrigerating system completely cooling among a kind of second throttle, which is characterized in that each Medium temperature evaporator and cryogenic vaporizer are set in low-pressure stage unit, and the medium temperature evaporator freezes for realizing medium temperature, described low Warm evaporator includes the following steps for realizing cryogenic refrigeration or defrosting, the operation method：It realizes and makes when all low-pressure stage units When cold function, middle pressure saturated liquid working medium is flashed to middle pressure saturated vapor by the medium temperature evaporator, realizes medium temperature refrigeration；It is described Low pressure liquid working medium is flashed to low-pressure steam by cryogenic vaporizer, realizes cryogenic refrigeration；When there is cryogenic vaporizer to need defrosting, By valve transfer, realizes that the low-pressure stage compressor of defrosting function is converted into high pressure stage compressor operation, realize defrosting function Low-pressure stage compressor in low-pressure stage unit absorb pressed through in the low-pressure stage compressor for realizing refrigerating function heat steam or Middle pressure saturated vapor from intercooler, is sent into the cryogenic vaporizer to be defrosted after compression, this is low for condensation heating Warm evaporator realizes defrosting, realizes that the cryogenic vaporizer in the low-pressure stage unit of refrigerating function still realizes refrigerating function； It waits after defrosting, realizes that the low-pressure stage unit of defrosting function by valve transfer, realizes refrigerating function.
2. completely cooling system among a kind of second throttle using Defrost for realizing operation method described in claim 1 Cooling system, which is characterized in that including high pressure stage compressor group, condenser, first throttle valve, intercooler and multigroup low-pressure stage Unit；Each low-pressure stage unit include low-pressure stage compressor, the first four-way reversing valve, second throttle, cryogenic vaporizer, Medium temperature evaporator, the first check valve and the second check valve, the suction end of the low-pressure stage compressor commutate with first four-way 4th interface of valve connects, and the exhaust end of the low-pressure stage compressor is connect with the second interface of first four-way reversing valve, The third interface of first four-way reversing valve respectively with the import of first check valve and the outlet of second check valve Connection, the first interface of first four-way reversing valve are connect by the cryogenic vaporizer and the first of the second throttle Mouth connection, in multigroup low-pressure stage unit, the second interface of the second throttle and the second of the medium temperature evaporator Interface is connected in parallel and is connect with the liquid outlet of the intercooler, and the first interface of the medium temperature evaporator is connected in parallel on one Rise and connect with the first air inlet of the intercooler, the outlet of first check valve be connected in parallel after with it is described in Between cooler the connection of the second air inlet, the inlet parallel of second check valve compresses with the hiigh pressure stage together and respectively The gas outlet of the suction end of unit and the intercooler connects；The exhaust end of the high pressure stage compressor group is through the condensation Device, first throttle valve are connect with the inlet of the intercooler.
3. refrigeration system completely cooling among second throttle according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the hiigh pressure stage Compressor set includes one or more high pressure stage compressor, when using more high pressure stage compressors, every hiigh pressure stage pressure Suction end of the air-breathing interface parallel connection of contracting machine as the high pressure stage compressor group, the exhaust of every high pressure stage compressor connect The mouth exhaust end in parallel as the high pressure stage compressor group.
4. refrigeration system completely cooling among second throttle according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the low-pressure stage The quantity at least three of unit.
5. completely cooling refrigeration system, feature among a kind of second throttle for realizing operation method described in claim 1 It is, including high pressure stage compressor group, condenser, first throttle valve, intercooler and multigroup low-pressure stage unit；It is each described Low-pressure stage unit includes low-pressure stage compressor, the first four-way reversing valve, the second four-way reversing valve, second throttle, low-temperature evaporation Device, medium temperature evaporator, the first check valve and the second check valve, the suction end of the low-pressure stage compressor are changed with first four-way It is connected to the 4th interface of valve, the exhaust end of the low-pressure stage compressor and the second interface of first four-way reversing valve connect It connects, the third interface of first four-way reversing valve goes out with the import of first check valve and second check valve respectively Mouth connection, first interface of the first interface through the cryogenic vaporizer Yu the second throttle of first four-way reversing valve Connection, the second interface of the second throttle are connect with the second interface of second four-way reversing valve, the medium temperature evaporation The second interface of device is connect with the third interface of second four-way reversing valve, in multigroup low-pressure stage unit, in described The first interface of warm evaporator is connected in parallel and is connect with the first air inlet of the intercooler, and second four-way changes It is connected in parallel with the 4th interface to the first interface of valve and is connect with the liquid outlet of the intercooler；Described first is unidirectional The outlet of valve is connected in parallel and is connect with the second air inlet of the intercooler, the inlet parallel of second check valve It is connect together and respectively with the gas outlet of the suction end of the high pressure stage compressor group and the intercooler；The high pressure The exhaust end of grade compressor set is connect through the condenser, first throttle valve with the inlet of the intercooler.
6. completely cooling refrigeration system, feature among a kind of second throttle for realizing operation method described in claim 1 It is, including high pressure stage compressor group, condenser, first throttle valve, intercooler, third four-way reversing valve and multiple low pressure Grade unit；Each low-pressure stage unit include low-pressure stage compressor, the first four-way reversing valve, second throttle, cryogenic vaporizer, in Warm evaporator, the first check valve and the second check valve, the suction end of the low-pressure stage compressor and first four-way reversing valve The connection of the 4th interface, the exhaust end of the low-pressure stage compressor connect with the second interface of first four-way reversing valve, institute The third interface for stating the first four-way reversing valve connects with the import of first check valve and the outlet of second check valve respectively It connects, the first interface of first four-way reversing valve connects through the first interface of the cryogenic vaporizer and the second throttle It connects；In multigroup low-pressure stage unit, the first interface of the medium temperature evaporator be connected in parallel and with the intercooler The first air inlet connection, the second interface of the second throttle and the second interface of the medium temperature evaporator are connected in parallel And connect with the liquid outlet of the intercooler, the outlet of first check valve be connected in parallel and with the third four-way The second interface of reversal valve connects, the inlet parallel of second check valve together and respectively with the high pressure stage compressor group Suction end and connect with the third interface of the third four-way reversing valve, the first interface of the third four-way reversing valve with it is described Second air inlet of intercooler connects, the outlet of the 4th interface and the intercooler of the third four-way reversing valve Mouth connection；The exhaust end of the high pressure stage compressor group through the condenser, first throttle valve and the intercooler into Liquid mouth connects.
7. completely cooling refrigeration system, feature among a kind of second throttle for realizing operation method described in claim 1 It is, including high pressure stage compressor group, condenser, first throttle valve, third four-way reversing valve, intercooler and multiple low pressure Grade unit；Each low-pressure stage unit includes low-pressure stage compressor, the first four-way reversing valve, the second four-way reversing valve, second Throttle valve, cryogenic vaporizer, medium temperature evaporator, the first check valve and the second check valve, the suction end of the low-pressure stage compressor It is connect with the 4th interface of first four-way reversing valve, the exhaust end of the low-pressure stage compressor commutates with first four-way The second interface of valve connects, the third interface of first four-way reversing valve respectively with the import of first check valve and described The outlet of second check valve connects, and the first interface of first four-way reversing valve is saved through the cryogenic vaporizer and described second The connection of valve first interface is flowed, the second interface of the second throttle is connect with the second interface of second four-way reversing valve； The first interface of the medium temperature evaporator is connected in parallel and is connect with the first air inlet of the intercooler, the medium temperature The other end of evaporator is connect with the third interface of second four-way reversing valve, the first interface of second four-way reversing valve And the 4th interface be connected in parallel and connect with the liquid outlet of the intercooler；The outlet of first check valve is connected in parallel on Connect together and with the second interface of the third four-way reversing valve, the inlet parallel of second check valve together and respectively It is connect with the third interface of the high pressure stage compressor group suction end and the third four-way reversing valve, the third four-way commutation The first interface of valve is connect with the second air inlet of the intercooler, the 4th interface of the third four-way reversing valve with it is described The gas outlet of intercooler connects；The exhaust end of the high pressure stage compressor group is through the condenser, first throttle valve and institute State the inlet connection of intercooler.
CN201810800290.6A 2018-07-20 2018-07-20 Operation method and system of secondary throttling middle complete cooling refrigerating system Active CN108709333B (en)

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CN111174455A (en) * 2020-02-09 2020-05-19 中科碳冷(无锡)高科技有限公司 Transcritical carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration and defrosting system and using method thereof

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