CN108708388B - Tower foundation and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Tower foundation and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108708388B CN108708388B CN201810316547.0A CN201810316547A CN108708388B CN 108708388 B CN108708388 B CN 108708388B CN 201810316547 A CN201810316547 A CN 201810316547A CN 108708388 B CN108708388 B CN 108708388B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/12—Pile foundations
- E02D27/14—Pile framings, i.e. piles assembled to form the substructure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/08—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against transmission of vibrations or movements in the foundation soil
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tower foundation and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of power transmission lines. The pole tower foundation comprises: the pile comprises a prefabricated body, a bearing platform, a plurality of pile bodies, a plurality of first connecting pieces and a plurality of second connecting pieces, wherein the prefabricated body, the bearing platform, the pile bodies, the first connecting pieces and the second connecting pieces are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; a shock insulation pad is arranged between the prefabricated body and the bearing platform, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the shock insulation pad are respectively abutted against the prefabricated body and the bearing platform; each pile body is connected with the lower end of the bearing platform; the upper end of the first connecting piece is arranged in the prefabricated body, and the lower end of the first connecting piece penetrates through the shock insulation pad and is fixed in the bearing platform; the upper end of the second connecting piece is used for connecting with a tower, and the lower end of the second connecting piece sequentially penetrates through the prefabricated body and the shock insulation pad and is fixed in the bearing platform; gaps are arranged between the first connecting piece and the prefabricated body, and the upper end of the first connecting piece and the upper end of the second connecting piece are correspondingly sleeved with a first spring washer and a second spring washer; and the bearing platform can drive the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece to swing in the corresponding gaps by taking the first spring washer and the second spring washer as base points in the earthquake occurrence process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power transmission lines, in particular to a tower foundation and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The tower foundation is used as an important component of the power transmission line and is arranged between the tower and the foundation so as to stably and smoothly transmit acting force of the tower to the foundation without causing instability of the foundation. When the earth passing through the power transmission line is a high earthquake intensity area of saturated sandy soil or saturated silt, if an earthquake occurs in the area, the foundation is affected by the earthquake to generate liquefaction, so that the tower foundation is vibrated, and the tower and the power line borne by the tower are further affected.
In order to solve the problems, the prior art generally adopts a soil replacement bedding course method and a deep foundation method. The soil replacement cushion layer method is a treatment method for preparing soil by soil, wherein plain soil or lime soil is firstly used for preparing a cushion layer, and then the cushion layer is replaced by saturated sandy soil or saturated silt in a high seismic intensity area through which a power transmission line passes; the deep foundation method is characterized in that a pile foundation penetrates through a liquefied soil layer formed by saturated sandy soil or saturated silt and enters a stable non-liquefied soil layer with a certain depth.
The inventor finds that the prior art has at least the following problems:
if the saturated sandy soil or the saturated silt in the high earthquake intensity area is positioned in a deeper soil layer, the soil replacement cushion layer is adopted to be not beneficial to replacing the cushion layer with the saturated sandy soil or the saturated silt, so that the operation intensity and the operation time can be increased; by adopting a deep foundation method, the size of the foundation needs to be increased, so that the construction cost is increased, and the earthquake resistance effect of the deep foundation method is greatly influenced by local soil layers and is not beneficial to the earthquake resistance effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a tower foundation and a preparation method thereof, which can solve the problems. The technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, a tower foundation is provided, the tower foundation comprising: the pile comprises a prefabricated body, a bearing platform, a plurality of pile bodies, a plurality of first connecting pieces and a plurality of second connecting pieces, wherein the prefabricated body and the bearing platform are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
a shock insulation pad is arranged between the prefabricated body and the bearing platform, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the shock insulation pad are respectively abutted against the prefabricated body and the bearing platform;
each pile body is connected with the lower end of the bearing platform;
the upper end of the first connecting piece is arranged in the prefabricated body, and the lower end of the first connecting piece penetrates through the shock insulation pad and is fixed in the bearing platform;
the upper end of the second connecting piece is used for being connected with a tower, and the lower end of the second connecting piece sequentially penetrates through the prefabricated body and the shock insulation pad and is fixed in the bearing platform;
gaps are arranged between the first connecting piece and the prefabricated body, and the upper ends of the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are correspondingly sleeved with a first spring washer and a second spring washer;
and the bearing platform can drive the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece to swing in the corresponding gaps by taking the first spring washer and the second spring washer as base points in the earthquake occurrence process.
In one possible design, the lower end face of the preform is provided with a concave curved surface structure;
the upper end surface of the bearing platform is provided with a convex curved surface structure matched with the concave curved surface structure.
In one possible design, the concave curved surface structure is a circular arc-shaped concave curved surface, and the convex curved surface structure is a circular arc-shaped convex curved surface.
In one possible design, the preform includes: the lower end of the first prefabricated part is sleeved with the second prefabricated part in the first prefabricated part; the lower end faces of the first prefabricated part and the second prefabricated part are matched to form the concave curved surface structure;
the top surface of the first prefabricated part is a slope inclined downwards;
the first prefabricated body is connected with the bearing platform through the first connecting piece, and the second prefabricated body is connected with the bearing platform through the second connecting piece.
In one possible design, the thickness of the end of the first preform to which the second preform is attached is at least 0.4 times the width of the first preform, and the thickness of the end of the first preform to which the second preform is not attached is at least 0.3 times the width of the first preform.
In one possible design, the first connector includes: the first anchor bolt and the first nut are sequentially sleeved on the first anchor bolt from top to bottom;
the head of the first foundation bolt is arranged in the bearing platform, and a screw penetrates through the shock insulation pad, is fixed in the first prefabricated body through the first nut and swings with the bearing platform in the earthquake process through the first spring washer;
the second connector includes: the second bolt for the ground foot and the second nut are sleeved on the second bolt for the ground foot sequentially from top to bottom;
the head of the second ground bolt is arranged in the bearing platform, the screw rod sequentially penetrates through the shock insulation pad and the second prefabricated body to be connected with the tower, and the second spring washer is abutted to the top wall of the second prefabricated body to enable the screw rod of the second ground bolt to swing along with the bearing platform in the earthquake process.
In one possible design, a first prefabricated through hole is formed in the first prefabricated body, and a second prefabricated through hole is formed in the second prefabricated body;
the first pre-fabricated via includes: the bolt is characterized by comprising a large-diameter through hole and a small-diameter through hole which are communicated from top to bottom in sequence and coaxially arranged, the upper end of a screw rod of a first foundation bolt is simultaneously positioned in the large-diameter through hole and the small-diameter through hole, and a first nut and a first spring washer are arranged in the large-diameter through hole;
and the middle part of the screw rod of the second foundation bolt is positioned in the second prefabricated through hole.
In a possible design, the small-diameter through hole and the second prefabricated through hole gradually increase in diameter from top to bottom.
In one possible design, the minimum diameter of the small-diameter through hole is 1.5 to 2.0 times the diameter of the screw of the first anchor bolt, and the maximum diameter of the small-diameter through hole is 3.0 to 5.0 times the diameter of the screw of the first anchor bolt;
the minimum diameter of the second prefabricated through hole is 1.4-1.6 times of the diameter of the screw of the second foundation bolt, and the maximum diameter of the second prefabricated through hole is 3.0-4.0 times of the diameter of the screw of the second foundation bolt.
In one possible design, the tower foundation further includes: a plurality of first elastic sleeves and a plurality of second elastic sleeves;
the first elastic sleeve is arranged in the small-diameter through hole and sleeved outside the first connecting piece;
the second elastic sleeve is arranged in the second prefabricated through hole and sleeved outside the second connecting piece.
In a possible design, a plurality of partition plates are further mounted on the top wall of the first preform, and each partition plate corresponds to the large-diameter through hole one to one.
In one possible design, a plurality of hooks are attached to the top wall of the first preform.
In one possible design, the prefabricated body and the bearing platform are prefabricated by pouring reinforced concrete;
the shock insulation pad, the first elastic sleeve and the second elastic sleeve are all made of rubber.
In another aspect, a method for preparing a tower foundation according to the first aspect is provided, where the method includes:
excavating a plurality of pile pits, and pouring concrete into each pile pit to form a plurality of pile bodies;
after the concrete in the pile pit is solidified, excavating a foundation pit, arranging a plurality of first connecting pieces and a plurality of second connecting pieces in the foundation pit, and pouring the concrete into the foundation pit to form a bearing platform;
after the concrete in the foundation pit is solidified, paving a shock insulation pad on the top wall of the bearing platform, and enabling the upper ends of the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece to penetrate through the shock insulation pad respectively;
placing a prefabricated body on the shock insulation pad, enabling the upper end of the first connecting piece to be arranged in the prefabricated body, enabling the upper portion of the second connecting piece to penetrate through the prefabricated body to be connected with a tower, enabling the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece to be respectively provided with gaps between the prefabricated body, and respectively enabling the upper ends of the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece to be sleeved with a first spring washer and a second spring washer, so that the bearing platform can drive the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece to swing in the corresponding gaps by taking the first spring washer and the second spring washer as base points respectively.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
therefore, according to the tower foundation provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first spring washer is arranged at the upper end of the first connecting piece, the second spring washer is arranged on the second connecting piece, the left-right swing of the prefabricated body along with the earthquake motion of the bearing platform can be effectively isolated, and in addition, the vibration isolation cushion is matched for use, the prefabricated body can be ensured to be in a static or quasi-static state under the action of earthquake load, and further, the tower positioned at the upper part of the prefabricated body can be ensured to be in a static or quasi-static state. Therefore, the tower foundation provided by the embodiment of the invention has the bearing capacity under the non-earthquake condition, can effectively bear the downward pressing load and the upward pulling load under the normal condition, has a good anti-seismic effect, and can effectively ensure the stability of the tower structure on the upper part of the foundation under the earthquake condition. In addition, the preparation cost of the tower foundation provided by the embodiment of the invention is low, and compared with the prior art, the preparation cost is low by 7% -15%, and the tower foundation has excellent economic benefits. In conclusion, the tower foundation provided by the embodiment of the invention has good anti-seismic performance and low preparation cost, and is suitable for the power transmission line foundation with anti-seismic requirements in a high seismic intensity area.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tower foundation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a preform provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a top view of a tower foundation provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a partial schematic view of a tower foundation provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the various reference numbers in the drawings are described below:
1-a preform;
1 a-a first preform;
1 b-a second preform;
101-a first pre-fabricated via;
101 a-a large diameter through hole;
101 b-small diameter through hole;
102-a second pre-fabricated via;
2-shock insulation cushion;
3-a cushion cap;
4-pile body;
5-a first connecting member;
5 a-a first anchor bolt;
5 b-a first nut;
6-a second connector;
6 a-second footing bolt;
6 b-a second nut;
7 a-a first spring washer;
7 b-a second spring washer;
8-a first elastic sleeve;
9-a second elastic sleeve;
10-a separator;
11-hook.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a tower foundation, as shown in fig. 1, the tower foundation includes: the pile comprises a prefabricated body 1, a bearing platform 3, a plurality of pile bodies 4, a plurality of first connecting pieces 5 and a plurality of second connecting pieces 6 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; wherein, a shock insulation pad 2 is arranged between the prefabricated body 1 and the bearing platform 3, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the shock insulation pad 2 are respectively propped against the prefabricated body 1 and the bearing platform 3; each pile body 4 is connected with the lower end of the bearing platform 3; the upper end of the first connecting piece 5 is arranged in the prefabricated body 1, and the lower end of the first connecting piece penetrates through the shock insulation pad 2 and is fixed in the bearing platform 3; the upper end of the second connecting piece 6 is used for connecting with a tower, and the lower end of the second connecting piece sequentially penetrates through the prefabricated body 1 and the shock insulation pad 2 and is fixed in the bearing platform 3; gaps are respectively arranged between the first connecting piece 5 and the prefabricated body 1 and between the second connecting piece 6 and the prefabricated body 1, and a first spring washer 7a and a second spring washer 7b are correspondingly sleeved at the upper ends of the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece (see figure 4); in addition, the bearing platform 3 can drive the first connecting piece 5 and the second connecting piece 6 to swing in the corresponding gaps by taking the first spring washer 7a and the second spring washer 7b as base points respectively in the earthquake occurrence process.
The following working principle of the tower foundation provided by the embodiment of the invention is based on description:
when the area where the tower foundation is located does not have an earthquake, the tower foundation keeps static, and the downward pressing load and the upward pulling load of the tower can be smoothly transmitted to the pile body 4; when bearing the pressing load, the pressing load is transmitted to the bearing platform 3 through the prefabricated part 1 and then transmitted to the pile body 4 through the bearing platform 3; when bearing the upper pulling load, the upper pulling load is transmitted to the bearing platform 3 through the second connecting piece 6 and the first connecting piece 5 and then transmitted to the pile body 4 through the bearing platform 3, so that the tower foundation has normal bearing capacity under the non-earthquake condition.
When an earthquake occurs in the area where the tower foundation is located, the earthquake energy is transmitted from bottom to top, the bearing platform 3 generates earthquake motion along with the pile body 4, the bearing platform 3 drives the first connecting piece 5 and the second connecting piece 6 to perform approximate arc swing motion in the corresponding gaps by respectively taking the first spring gasket 7a and the second spring gasket 7b as base points of approximate stationary points, so that the prefabricated body 1 can be effectively isolated from swinging left and right along with the earthquake motion of the bearing platform 3, the prefabricated body 1 can be ensured to be in a stationary or quasi-stationary state in the earthquake process, and the tower located at the upper part of the prefabricated body 1 is ensured to be in a stationary or quasi-stationary state.
And because the shock insulation cushion 2 is arranged between the prefabricated body 1 and the bearing platform 3, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the shock insulation cushion are respectively abutted against the prefabricated body 1 and the bearing platform 3, in the earthquake process, the shock insulation cushion 2 moves along with the prefabricated body 1 and the bearing platform 3, and will consume and absorb earthquake energy, thereby fundamentally weakening the influence of the earthquake energy on a tower foundation and an upper tower.
It can be seen that, in the tower foundation provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first spring washer 7a is arranged at the upper end of the first connecting piece 5, and the second spring washer 7b is arranged on the second connecting piece 6, so that the prefabricated body 1 can be effectively isolated from swinging left and right along with the seismic motion of the bearing platform 3, and in addition, the vibration isolation cushion 2 is used in a matching manner, so that the prefabricated body 1 can be in a static or quasi-static state under the action of seismic load, and further, the tower positioned at the upper part of the prefabricated body 1 can be in a static or quasi-static state. Therefore, the tower foundation provided by the embodiment of the invention has the bearing capacity under the non-earthquake condition, can effectively bear the downward pressing load and the upward pulling load under the normal condition, has a good anti-seismic effect, and can effectively ensure the stability of the tower structure on the upper part of the foundation under the earthquake condition.
In addition, the preparation cost of the tower foundation provided by the embodiment of the invention is low, and compared with the prior art, the preparation cost is low by 7% -15%, and the tower foundation has excellent economic benefits.
In conclusion, the tower foundation provided by the embodiment of the invention has good anti-seismic performance and low preparation cost, and is suitable for the power transmission line foundation with anti-seismic requirements in a high seismic intensity area.
In order to improve the anti-seismic effect of the tower foundation, as shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the invention, the lower end surface of the prefabricated body 1 is set to be a concave curved surface structure, and the upper end surface of the bearing platform 3 is set to be a convex curved surface structure matched with the concave curved surface structure.
It can be understood that, because the upper and lower surfaces of the vibration isolation cushion 2 respectively abut against the prefabricated body 1 and the bearing platform 3, the vibration isolation cushion 2 is also of a convex curved surface structure.
Further, the concave curved surface structure is an arc-shaped concave curved surface, and the convex curved surface structure is an arc-shaped convex curved surface. Through so setting up, can make cushion cap 3 when the earthquake in-process takes place left and right vibrations, its upper surface can offset through shock insulation pad 2 and prefabricated body 1's lower surface all the time, and then can guarantee that prefabricated body 1 is the face contact all the time through shock insulation pad 2 with cushion cap 3, avoids prefabricated body 1 to the extrusion of the point contact of cushion cap 3 to improve the local bearing capacity of basis.
It can be understood that the vibration isolation cushion 2 is also of a circular arc convex curved surface structure.
As shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, the preform 1 includes: a first preform 1a, a second preform 1 b; the lower end surfaces of the first prefabricated part 1a and the second prefabricated part 1b are matched to form a concave curved surface structure; the top surface of the first preform 1a is a downward inclined surface; the first preform 1a is connected to the platform 3 by a first connecting element 5, and the second preform 1b is connected to the platform 3 by a second connecting element 6.
By setting the top surface of the first preform 1a to be a downward inclined surface, the thickness of the end of the first preform 1a connected to the second preform 1b can be ensured to improve the shear resistance of the first preform 1a, and thus the seismic resistance of the preform 1 can be ensured; the thickness of the end of the first preform 1a not joined to the second preform 1b can also be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the preform 1 can be reduced.
Wherein, first preform 1a and second preform 1b can integrated into one piece to improve preform 1's intensity, and then increase the antidetonation effect. For example, the first and second prefabricated bodies 1a and 1b may be integrally cast and prefabricated from concrete.
Regarding the structural aspects of the first and second preforms 1a and 1b, in order to facilitate the preparation of the first and second preforms 1a and 1b, a square mold is usually used to prepare the first and second preforms 1a and 1b, i.e., concrete is injected into the square mold to form the integrally molded first and second preforms 1a and 1b (see fig. 3).
It should be noted that the square mold includes: a large square box body, a regular quadrangular frustum pyramid box body and a small square box body which are communicated in sequence from top to bottom.
In order to effectively improve the shear resistance of the first preform 1a and avoid waste caused by an excessive thickness of the end of the first preform 1a away from the second preform 1b, the thickness of the end of the first preform 1a connected to the second preform 1b is at least 0.4 times (for example, 0.4 times, 0.5 times, 0.6 times, etc.) the width of the first preform 1a, and the thickness of the end of the second preform 1b not connected to the second preform is at least 0.3 times (for example, 0.3 times, 0.4 times, 0.5 times, etc.) the width of the first preform 1 a.
Note that the width of the first preform 1a refers to the length of the side of the large square box in the square mold, that is, the maximum length of the side of the first preform 1 a.
The first connecting member 5, which is used for connecting the first prefabricated part 1a and the bearing platform 3 and can swing along with the bearing platform 3 during an earthquake, may be configured in various structures, and on the premise of simple structure, as shown in fig. 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first connecting member 5 includes: the first foundation bolt 5a, the first nut 5b and the first spring washer 7a are sequentially sleeved on the first foundation bolt 5a from top to bottom; the head of the first anchor bolt 5a is arranged in the bearing platform 3, and the screw rod passes through the shock insulation pad 2, is fixed in the first prefabricated body 1a through a first nut 5b, and swings with the bearing platform 3 in the earthquake process through a first spring washer 7 a.
It can be understood that the first anchor bolt 5a includes: a head and a screw rod which are connected in sequence. In addition, a gap is reserved between the screw of the first foundation bolt 5a and the first prefabricated body 1a, so that the screw swings along with the bearing platform 3 in the earthquake process.
Through the arrangement, when the bearing platform 3 vibrates left and right in the earthquake process, the first foundation bolt 5a makes an approximate arc simple pendulum motion in a gap between the screw rod of the first foundation bolt 5a and the first prefabricated through hole 101 in the first prefabricated body 1a by taking the first spring washer 7a as an approximate static circle center; and when no earthquake occurs, the first spring washer 7a is engaged with the first nut 5b to tightly connect the first preform 1a with the cap 3.
As shown in fig. 2, a first preform 1a is provided with a first preformed through hole 101, and the first preformed through hole 101 includes: the large-diameter through hole 101a and the small-diameter through hole 101b are sequentially communicated from top to bottom and coaxially arranged, the upper end of the screw of the first foundation bolt 5a is simultaneously positioned in the large-diameter through hole 101a and the small-diameter through hole 101b, and the first nut 5b and the first spring washer 7a are arranged in the large-diameter through hole 101a (see fig. 4).
Through setting up as above, can avoid setting up first rag bolt 5a, first nut 5b, first spring washer 7a in the outside of first prefabricated part 1a, can prevent the corrosion effect of outside natural condition to first connecting piece 5, and then can prolong the life of first connecting piece 5.
The first prefabricated through holes 101 may be uniformly distributed along the circumference of the first preform 1a, so that the first preform 1a may be uniformly stressed, and the shock resistance of the preform 1 may be improved.
It should be noted that the first pre-formed through-hole 101 may also be provided on the ridges of two adjacent slopes of the first pre-form 1 a.
With respect to the number of the first pre-formed through holes 101, 4, 8 or 12 are provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and the number of the first pre-formed through holes 101 is not particularly limited.
In order to ensure that the first connecting piece 5 performs approximate circular arc swing along with the bearing platform 3 in a gap corresponding to the first prefabricated through hole 101 by using the first spring washer 7a as a basic point of an approximate static round point and ensure that the prefabricated body 1 has certain strength, as shown in the attached drawing 2, in the embodiment of the invention, the aperture of the small-diameter through hole 101b is gradually increased from top to bottom.
Specifically, the small-diameter through hole 101b has a minimum diameter that is 1.5 to 2.0 times (e.g., 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2.0 times, etc.) the screw diameter of the first anchor bolt 5a, and a maximum diameter that is 3.0 to 5.0 times (e.g., 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0 times, etc.) the screw diameter of the first anchor bolt 5 a.
Through setting up as above, both can effectively avoid first connecting piece 5 to collide with the inner wall of first prefabricated through-hole 101 when the swing, and then can prolong the life of first connecting piece 5, preform 1, also can guarantee the intensity of preform 1.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 3, and fig. 4, the tower foundation further includes: and the first elastic sleeves 8 are arranged in the small-diameter through holes 101b, and are sleeved outside the first connecting piece 5.
By arranging the first elastic sleeve 8, seismic energy can be consumed, the prefabricated body 1 can be ensured to be in a static or quasi-static state in the seismic process, and the first connecting piece 5 can be prevented from impacting the first prefabricated through hole 101.
The outer wall of the first elastic sleeve 8 is set to be a cone-shaped structure, and the first elastic sleeve can be adhered to the inner wall of the small-diameter through hole 101b or can be directly placed in the small-diameter through hole 101 b.
It should be noted that the lower end of the first elastic sleeve 8 may also be arranged in the vibration isolation pad 2.
In order to protect the first spring washer 7a and the first nut 5b from corrosion caused by external natural conditions and prevent external water from entering the large-diameter through hole 101a, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of partition plates 10 are further mounted on the top wall of the first preform 1a, and each partition plate 10 corresponds to the large-diameter through hole 101a one by one.
It should be noted that, each partition plate 10 corresponds to the large-diameter through hole 101a one-to-one, which means that one partition plate 10 covers the upper side of each large-diameter through hole 101 a.
Wherein, the partition board 10 can be arranged on the top wall of the first prefabricated body 1a by adopting a bolt connection mode, so that the installation and the replacement of the partition board 10 are convenient.
Similarly, the second connecting member 6 for connecting the second prefabricated part 1b and the platform 3 and swinging with the platform 3 during earthquake can be provided in various structures, and on the premise of simple structure, as shown in fig. 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, the second connecting member 6 comprises: the second foundation bolt 6a, the second nut 6b and the first spring washer 7b are sequentially sleeved on the second foundation bolt 6a from top to bottom; the head of the second connecting piece 6 is arranged in the bearing platform 3, the screw rod sequentially penetrates through the shock insulation pad 2 and the second prefabricated body 1b to be connected with a tower, and the second spring washer 7b is abutted to the top wall of the second prefabricated body 1b, so that the screw rod of the second ground bolt 6a swings along with the bearing platform 3 in the earthquake process.
It is understood that the second footing bolt 6a includes: a head and a screw rod which are connected in sequence. In addition, a gap is reserved between the screw of the second foundation bolt 6a and the second prefabricated body 1b, so that the screw swings along with the bearing platform 3 in the earthquake process.
Through the arrangement, when the bearing platform 3 vibrates left and right in the earthquake process, the second ground bolt 6a makes an approximate arc simple pendulum motion in a gap between the screw rod of the second ground bolt 6a and the second prefabricated through hole 102 in the second prefabricated body 1b by using the second spring washer 7b as an approximate stationary center of circle; and when no earthquake occurs, the second spring washer 7b cooperates with the second nut 6b to securely connect the second preform 1b to the platform 3.
As shown in FIG. 2, a second prefabricated through hole 102 is formed in the second prefabricated part 1b, and the middle of the screw of the second foundation bolt 6a is located in the second prefabricated through hole 102.
The second prefabricated through holes 102 may be uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the second preform 1b, so that the second preform 1b may be uniformly stressed, and the shock resistance of the preform 1 may be improved.
Regarding the number of the second prefabricated through holes 102, the number is mainly related to the structure of the tower, and if the tower has 4 connecting anchor bolts, the number of the second prefabricated through holes 102 is set to be 4 in the embodiment of the invention, so as to connect the tower with the second connecting piece 6.
In order to ensure that the second connecting piece 6 performs approximate circular arc swing in the gap of the corresponding second prefabricated through hole 102 along with the bearing platform 3 by using the second spring washer 7b as a basic point of an approximate static round point in the earthquake process and ensure that the prefabricated body 1 has certain strength, as shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment of the invention, the aperture of the second prefabricated through hole 102 is gradually increased from top to bottom.
Specifically, the minimum diameter of the second preformed through hole 102 is 1.4 to 1.6 times (for example, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6 times, etc.) the screw diameter of the second footing bolt 6a, and the maximum diameter is 3.0 to 4.0 times (for example, 3.0, 3.2, 3.4, 3.6, 3.8, 4.0 times, etc.) the screw diameter of the second footing bolt 6 a.
Through setting up as above, both can effectively avoid second connecting piece 6 to collide with the inner wall of second prefabricated through-hole 102 when the swing, and then can prolong the life of second connecting piece 6, preform 1, also can guarantee the intensity of preform 1.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 3, and fig. 4, the tower foundation further includes: and a plurality of second elastic sleeves 9, wherein the second elastic sleeves 9 are arranged in the second prefabricated through holes 102 and are sleeved outside the second connecting piece 6.
By arranging the second elastic sleeve 9, the earthquake energy can be consumed, the prefabricated body 1 can be ensured to be in a static or quasi-static state in the earthquake process, and the impact of the second connecting piece 6 on the inner wall of the second prefabricated through hole 102 can be avoided.
The outer wall of the second elastic sleeve 9 is provided with a tapered structure, and the tapered structure can be adhered to the inner wall of the second prefabricated through hole 102 or can be directly placed in the second prefabricated through hole 102.
It should be noted that the lower end of the second elastic sleeve 9 may also be arranged in the vibration isolation pad 2.
In order to facilitate the connection of the preforms 1 to the platform 3, as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of hooks 11 are attached to the top wall of the first preform 1a in the embodiment of the present invention.
Through setting up lifting hook 11, can hang preform 1 to the top of cushion cap 3, be convenient for preform 1 and cushion cap 3 dock, and then realize being connected of preform 1 and cushion cap 3.
The hooks 11 may be directly inserted into the top wall of the first preform 1a during the casting of the preform 1, and the hooks 11 may be fixed to the top wall of the first preform 1a after the solidification of the preform 1.
The number of hooks 11 installed is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention, and for example, 4 to 6 hooks 11 may be provided on the top wall of the first preform 1 a.
In order to improve the shock resistance of the tower foundation, in the embodiment of the invention, the prefabricated body 1 and the bearing platform 3 are both prepared from reinforced concrete, and the shock insulation pad 2, the first elastic sleeve 8 and the second elastic sleeve 9 are all made of elastic durable materials such as rubber.
In addition, in order to effectively consume seismic energy without wasting production cost, the thickness of the seismic isolation pad 2 in the embodiment of the invention is 6cm to 8cm, for example, the thickness may be set to 6cm, 6.5cm, 7cm, 7.5cm, 8cm, and the like.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for manufacturing a tower foundation, where the method for manufacturing a tower foundation includes:
step a, excavating a plurality of pile pits, and pouring concrete into each pile pit to form a plurality of pile bodies 4.
And b, after the concrete in the pile pit is solidified, excavating the foundation pit, arranging a plurality of first connecting pieces 5 and a plurality of second connecting pieces 6 in the foundation pit, and pouring the concrete into the foundation pit to form a bearing platform 3.
And c, after the concrete in the foundation pit is solidified, paving the shock insulation pad 2 on the top wall of the bearing platform 3, enabling the upper ends of the first connecting piece 5 and the second connecting piece 6 to penetrate through the shock insulation pad 2 respectively, and sleeving a first spring washer 7a and a second spring washer 7b on the upper ends of the first connecting piece 5 and the second connecting piece 6 respectively.
And d, placing the prefabricated body 1 on the shock insulation pad 2, enabling the upper end of the first connecting piece 5 to be arranged in the prefabricated body 1, enabling the upper part of the second connecting piece 6 to penetrate through the prefabricated body 1, enabling a gap to be formed between the first connecting piece 5 and the prefabricated body 1 and between the second connecting piece 6 and the prefabricated body 1 respectively, and sleeving a first spring gasket 7a and a second spring gasket 7b on the upper parts of the first connecting piece 5 and the second connecting piece 6 so that the bearing platform 3 can drive the first connecting piece 5 and the second connecting piece 6 to swing in the corresponding gap by taking the first spring gasket 7a and the second spring gasket 7b as base points respectively in the earthquake process.
The tower foundation obtained by the preparation method provided by the embodiment of the invention has good seismic performance and simple construction process, and is suitable for the power transmission line foundation with seismic requirements in a high seismic intensity area.
All the above optional technical solutions may be combined arbitrarily to form the optional embodiments of the present disclosure, and are not described herein again.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (12)
1. A tower foundation, comprising: the pile comprises a prefabricated body (1), a bearing platform (3), a plurality of pile bodies (4), a plurality of first connecting pieces (5) and a plurality of second connecting pieces (6), wherein the prefabricated body and the bearing platform are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
a shock insulation pad (2) is arranged between the prefabricated body (1) and the bearing platform (3), and the upper surface and the lower surface of the shock insulation pad (2) are respectively abutted against the prefabricated body (1) and the bearing platform (3);
each pile body (4) is connected with the lower end of the bearing platform (3);
the upper end of the first connecting piece (5) is arranged in the prefabricated body (1), and the lower end of the first connecting piece penetrates through the shock insulation pad (2) and is fixed in the bearing platform (3);
the upper end of the second connecting piece (6) is used for being connected with a tower, and the lower end of the second connecting piece sequentially penetrates through the prefabricated body (1) and the shock insulation pad (2) and is fixed in the bearing platform (3);
gaps are respectively arranged between the first connecting piece (5) and the prefabricated body (1) and between the second connecting piece (6) and the prefabricated body, and a first spring washer (7a) and a second spring washer (7b) are correspondingly sleeved at the upper ends of the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece;
in addition, the bearing platform (3) can drive the first connecting piece (5) and the second connecting piece (6) to swing in the corresponding gaps by taking the first spring washer (7a) and the second spring washer (7b) as base points respectively in the earthquake occurrence process; wherein the preform (1) comprises: a first prefabricated part (1a) and a second prefabricated part (1b) with the lower end sleeved in the first prefabricated part (1 a); a first pre-fabricated through-hole (101) is provided in the first pre-fabricated body (1a), the first pre-fabricated through-hole (101) comprising: the shock insulation cushion comprises a large-diameter through hole (101a) and a small-diameter through hole (101b) which are communicated from top to bottom in sequence and are coaxially arranged, the upper end of a screw rod of a first connecting piece (5) is located in the large-diameter through hole (101a) and the small-diameter through hole (101b) at the same time, the aperture of the small-diameter through hole (101b) is gradually increased from top to bottom, a first elastic sleeve (8) is arranged in the small-diameter through hole (101b) and sleeved outside the first connecting piece (5), and the lower end of the first elastic sleeve (8) is arranged in the shock insulation cushion (2);
the screw rod portion of second connecting piece (6) is located in prefabricated through-hole of second (102) on first prefabricated body (1a), the aperture of the prefabricated through-hole of second (102) from top to bottom crescent, and set up second elastic sleeve (9) in the prefabricated through-hole of second (102), and the suit is in the outside of second connecting piece (6), the lower extreme setting of second elastic sleeve (9) is in shock insulation pad (2).
2. The tower foundation according to claim 1, wherein the lower end surface of the prefabricated body (1) is arranged into a concave curved surface structure;
the upper end surface of the bearing platform (3) is set into a convex curved surface structure matched with the concave curved surface structure.
3. The tower foundation of claim 2, wherein the concave curved surface structure is an arc-shaped concave curved surface, and the convex curved surface structure is an arc-shaped convex curved surface.
4. The tower foundation according to claim 3, wherein the lower end surfaces of the first prefabricated part (1a) and the second prefabricated part (1b) are matched to form the concave curved surface structure;
the top surface of the first prefabricated part (1a) is a slope inclined downwards;
the first prefabricated part (1a) is connected with the bearing platform (3) through the first connecting piece (5), and the second prefabricated part (1b) is connected with the bearing platform (3) through the second connecting piece (6).
5. Tower foundation according to claim 4, wherein the thickness of the first preform (1a) at the end connected to the second preform (1b) is at least 0.4 times the width of the first preform (1a) and the thickness of the second preform (1b) at the end not connected to the second preform is at least 0.3 times the width of the first preform (1 a).
6. Tower foundation according to claim 4, wherein said first connection piece (5) comprises: the first anchor bolt (5a) and the first nut (5b), wherein the first nut (5b) and the first spring washer (7a) are sequentially sleeved on the first anchor bolt (5a) from top to bottom;
the head of the first foundation bolt (5a) is arranged in the bearing platform (3), and a screw rod penetrates through the shock insulation pad (2), is fixed in the first prefabricated body (1a) through the first nut (5b), and swings with the bearing platform (3) in the earthquake process through the first spring washer (7 a);
the second connector (6) comprises: the second ground bolt (6a) and the second nut (6b), and the second nut (6b) and the first spring washer (7a) are sequentially sleeved on the second ground bolt (6a) from top to bottom;
the head of the second foundation bolt (6a) is arranged in the bearing platform (3), the screw rod sequentially penetrates through the shock insulation pad (2) and the second prefabricated body (1b) to be connected with the tower, and the second spring washer (7b) is abutted to the top wall of the second prefabricated body (1b) to enable the screw rod of the second foundation bolt (6a) to swing along with the bearing platform (3) in the earthquake process.
7. Tower foundation according to claim 6, wherein said first pre-fabricated through hole (101) comprises: the large-diameter through hole (101a) and the small-diameter through hole (101b) are communicated from top to bottom in sequence and are coaxially arranged, the upper end of a screw rod of a first foundation bolt (5a) is located in the large-diameter through hole (101a) and the small-diameter through hole (101b) at the same time, and the first nut (5b) and the first spring washer (7a) are arranged in the large-diameter through hole (101 a);
the middle part of the screw rod of the second foundation bolt (6a) is positioned in the second prefabricated through hole (102).
8. The tower foundation according to claim 7, wherein the small-diameter through holes (101b) have a minimum diameter of 1.5 to 2.0 times the diameter of the screw of the first anchor bolt (5a) and a maximum diameter of 3.0 to 5.0 times the diameter of the screw of the first anchor bolt (5 a);
the minimum diameter of the second prefabricated through hole (102) is 1.4-1.6 times of the diameter of the screw of the second foundation bolt (6a), and the maximum diameter of the second prefabricated through hole is 3.0-4.0 times of the diameter of the screw of the second foundation bolt (6 a).
9. The tower foundation according to claim 8, wherein a plurality of partition plates (10) are further mounted on the top wall of the first prefabricated body (1a), and each partition plate (10) corresponds to the large-diameter through hole (101a) in a one-to-one mode.
10. Tower foundation according to claim 4, characterised in that a plurality of hooks (11) are attached to the top wall of the first preform (1 a).
11. The tower foundation according to claim 7, wherein the prefabricated body (1) and the bearing platform (3) are prefabricated by pouring reinforced concrete;
the shock insulation pad (2), the first elastic sleeve (8) and the second elastic sleeve (9) are all made of rubber.
12. A preparation method of a tower foundation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
excavating a plurality of pile pits, and pouring concrete into each pile pit to form a plurality of pile bodies (4);
after the concrete in the pile pit is solidified, excavating a foundation pit, arranging a plurality of first connecting pieces (5) and a plurality of second connecting pieces (6) in the foundation pit, and pouring the concrete into the foundation pit to form a bearing platform (3);
after the concrete in the foundation pit is solidified, paving a shock insulation pad (2) on the top wall of the bearing platform (3), and enabling the upper ends of the first connecting piece (5) and the second connecting piece (6) to penetrate through the shock insulation pad (2) respectively;
placing a prefabricated body (1) on the shock insulation pad (2), enabling the upper end of a first connecting piece (5) to be arranged in the prefabricated body (1), enabling the upper portion of a second connecting piece (6) to penetrate through the prefabricated body (1) to be connected with a tower, enabling the first connecting piece (5) and the second connecting piece (6) to be respectively provided with a gap between the prefabricated body (1), and enabling the first connecting piece (5) and the second connecting piece (6) to be respectively sleeved with a first spring washer (7a) and a second spring washer (7b), so that the bearing platform (3) can drive the first connecting piece (5) and the second connecting piece (6) to swing with the first spring washer (7a) and the second spring washer (7b) as base points in the corresponding gap.
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| CN201810316547.0A CN108708388B (en) | 2018-04-10 | 2018-04-10 | Tower foundation and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201810316547.0A CN108708388B (en) | 2018-04-10 | 2018-04-10 | Tower foundation and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112681360B (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-08-10 | 重庆大学 | Anti-seismic foundation bearing platform |
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| KR100966890B1 (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2010-06-30 | 김승규 | Pile pressure Method for repair of bridge and pressure apparatus |
| JP5135034B2 (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2013-01-30 | 岡部株式会社 | Exposed type column base structure |
| JP2013119710A (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2013-06-17 | Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd | Foundation structure of building |
| CN104278620B (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2016-09-14 | 北京工业大学 | The ball of Self-resetting can enter formula winged and wave shock insulation pier stud |
| CN208604617U (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2019-03-15 | 延安大学 | Continuous rigid frame bridge base isolation structure |
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