CN108708235B - Rail measuring device and method - Google Patents
Rail measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108708235B CN108708235B CN201810758137.1A CN201810758137A CN108708235B CN 108708235 B CN108708235 B CN 108708235B CN 201810758137 A CN201810758137 A CN 201810758137A CN 108708235 B CN108708235 B CN 108708235B
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 101000606504 Drosophila melanogaster Tyrosine-protein kinase-like otk Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B35/00—Applications of measuring apparatus or devices for track-building purposes
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- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of track measurement, and discloses a track measurement device and a track measurement method, wherein the device comprises: level bars and telescopic supports; the inside embedding of level bar sets up the horizontal bubble, and the contact is hugged closely with one side orbital top surface to the one end of level bar, and the length direction of level bar is placed perpendicularly with orbital length direction, and the other end of level bar links to each other with the telescopic bracket, and the telescopic bracket is along vertical direction height-adjustable. According to the track measuring device and method, the level bar is placed parallel to the top surface of the track and perpendicular to the length direction of the track, the measuring point is transferred to the leading-out point outside the track, the track surface information of the leading-out point is measured, the track surface information of the measuring point is converted, the problem that the track cannot be measured under the condition that a vehicle is parked and occupied is effectively solved, the efficiency of measuring operation is improved, the time for people to go to the track for measuring operation is reduced, the interference to the existing line is reduced, and the safety of measuring operation is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of track measurement, in particular to a track measurement device and a track measurement method.
Background
In order to adapt and promote the development of national economy, the transportation capacity of railways must be greatly enhanced. In addition to the construction of new lines, the method is one of effective measures for fully exploiting the potential of the existing railway by technical transformation. Unlike new line surveying, the field surveying of existing railway transformation surveys the existing operation railway, so that the normal operation of the railway is ensured in the surveying process, and the existing line operation interference is more caused.
The content of the existing railway line track measurement mainly comprises the measurement of the plane, mileage, elevation and the like of the track. The mileage measurement is led out from the existing mileage of the station, bridge center or tunnel entrance and exit and other permanent building centers, the mileage of the measurement point is continuously measured and calculated according to the increasing direction of the original mileage, and the measurement is performed by using an insulating steel rule, a total station or a positioning system. Plane measurement refers to a plane coordinate point of a track center line of a certain mileage measurement point on a measurement line. The elevation measurement is to measure the elevation of the rail surface of a certain mileage measurement point on a line, the straight line section is to measure the elevation of the left rail top, and the curve section is to measure the elevation of the inner rail top.
At present, the existing railway track measurement is much limited by railway operation time, particularly, the vehicle stay time on the railway storage line, the arrival departure line, the shunting line, the cargo line and other lines with the function of parking vehicles is long, so that the measurement cannot be smoothly carried out, the measurement can only be carried out in a slot insertion mode, the efficiency is low, and the measurement result precision is low; and the measurement operation has larger interference to railway transportation production, and personal safety is easily endangered.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to provide a track measurement device and a track measurement method, which are used for solving or partially solving the problems that the existing railway track measurement is greatly limited by railway operation time, particularly, the vehicle stay time on a railway line with the function of parking vehicles, such as a railway stock line, a departure line, a shunting line, a goods line and the like is long, so that the measurement cannot be smoothly carried out, the measurement can only be carried out in a slot insertion mode, the efficiency is low, and the measurement result precision is low; and the measurement operation has larger interference to railway transportation production, and the personal safety is easily endangered.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the above technical problem, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a track measurement device, comprising: level bars and telescopic supports; the utility model discloses a horizontal level, including the track, the inside embedding of level sets up horizontal bubble, the contact is hugged closely with one side orbital top surface to the one end of level, just the length direction of level with orbital length direction is placed perpendicularly, the other end of level with the telescopic bracket links to each other, the telescopic bracket is along vertical direction height-adjustable.
On the basis of the above scheme, a track measurement device further includes: a fixed ruler; the fixed ruler comprises a first side plate and a second side plate, the first side plate is vertically connected with the second side plate, one end of the horizontal ruler is connected with the first side plate, the length direction of the horizontal ruler is vertical to the length direction of the second side plate, the first side plate is in contact with the top surface of the track, and the second side plate is in contact with the side surface of the track.
On the basis of the scheme, the level bar comprises: the telescopic level bar is internally nested with the auxiliary bar; and a locking structure is arranged on the level bar and is used for adjusting the length of the auxiliary bar.
On the basis of the scheme, the other end of the level bar is connected with the base, the base is detachably connected with the top end of the telescopic bracket, and the base is used for supporting and placing a leveling staff, a total station centering rod or a positioning device.
On the basis of the scheme, the horizontal ruler comprises a first ruler section and a second ruler section, one end of the first ruler section is connected with the track, the other end of the first ruler section is connected with the bottom end of a telescopic rod, the top end of the telescopic rod is connected with one end of the second ruler section, the other end of the second ruler section is connected with the telescopic support, and the height of the telescopic rod along the vertical direction is adjustable.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a track measurement method comprising: determining the position of an extraction point outside the track, wherein the connecting line of the extraction point and the measuring point to be measured is perpendicular to the length direction of the track, and the height difference between the extraction point and the measuring point in the vertical direction is known; measuring to obtain the rail surface information of the leading-out point; and obtaining the rail surface information of the measuring point according to the rail surface information of the leading-out point.
On the basis of the scheme, determining the position of the out-of-track extraction point and measuring to obtain the track surface information of the extraction point comprises the following steps: one end of the horizontal ruler is clung to the top surface of the track, and the second side plate of the fixed ruler is clung to the side wall of the track; adjusting the telescopic bracket to enable horizontal bubbles in the level bar to be in the middle position; and placing a leveling staff, a total station centering rod or a positioning device on the base, and measuring the rail surface information of the extraction point to obtain the elevation, the plane coordinates and the mileage of the extraction point.
On the basis of the scheme, obtaining the rail surface information of the measuring point according to the rail surface information of the leading-out point comprises the following steps: and according to the elevation of the extraction point and the elevation difference between the extraction point and the measurement point, calculating to obtain the elevation of the measurement point.
On the basis of the above scheme, obtaining the rail surface information of the measurement point according to the rail surface information of the extraction point further comprises: obtaining the plane coordinates of the measuring points through conversion according to the plane coordinates of the leading-out points and the horizontal distance between the leading-out points and the measuring points; the horizontal distance between the leading-out point and the measuring point is obtained through the scale value of the level bar.
On the basis of the above scheme, obtaining the rail surface information of the measurement point according to the rail surface information of the extraction point further comprises: obtaining the existing line position by fitting the plane coordinates of the measuring points; according to the existing line position, the existing line mileage is obtained through lofting by a positioning device; and obtaining the mileage of the measuring point according to the existing line mileage.
(III) beneficial effects
According to the track measuring device and method, the horizontal rule, the horizontal bubble and the telescopic support are arranged, the horizontal rule is parallel to the top surface of the track and is vertically arranged in the length direction of the track, so that an existing track measuring point can be transferred to an outgoing point outside the track, the problem that the track cannot be measured under the condition that a vehicle is parked and occupied is effectively solved by measuring the track surface information of the outgoing point and converting the track surface information of the measuring point, the efficiency of measuring operation is improved, the time for the personnel to go to the track for measuring operation is reduced by using the device when other lines are measured, the interference to the existing line is reduced, and the safety of measuring operation is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a track measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a track measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a track measurement device in a super-high track curve state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a track measurement device with an additional telescopic rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic side view of a track measurement device with the telescopic rod according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-a level bar; 2-a telescopic bracket; 3-horizontal bubbles;
4-connecting a spiral; 5-a locking structure; 6-a fixed ruler;
7, a base; 8-scale; 9-track;
10-telescopic rod.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
This embodiment provides a track measurement apparatus according to the present invention, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the apparatus includes: level bar 1 and telescopic bracket 2; the horizontal bubble 3 is embedded in the horizontal ruler 1, one end of the horizontal ruler 1 is in close contact with the top surface of one side of the track 9, the length direction of the horizontal ruler 1 is perpendicular to the length direction of the track 9, the other end of the horizontal ruler 1 is connected with the telescopic bracket 2, and the height of the telescopic bracket 2 is adjustable along the vertical direction.
According to the track measuring device provided by the embodiment, the measuring points to be measured on the track 9 are led out of the track 9 by using the level bar 1, the leading-out points outside the track 9 are detected, and then relevant track surface information of the measuring points is obtained through conversion.
The rail surface information of the measuring point is conveniently obtained through the rail surface information of the leading-out point. A lead-out point which is clear from the measuring point position and is convenient for conversion can be determined by the level 1. One end of level 1 may be placed on the top surface of rail 9 such that the end of level 1 is in parallel with the top surface of rail 9.
And one end face of the level 1 can be aligned with one side of the top face of the rail 9, so that the length direction of the level 1 is perpendicular to the length direction of the rail 9. The other end of the level bar 1 is connected with a telescopic bracket 2. The height of the telescopic bracket 2 is adjustable along the vertical direction. Leveling can be carried out to the level bar 1 through adjusting the height of telescopic bracket 2 for the both ends of level bar 1 are located same horizon, and level bar 1 is parallel with the top surface of track 9.
The horizontal bubble 3 is embedded and arranged in the level 1 and can be used for leveling the level 1. By adjusting the height of the telescopic bracket 2, leveling is completed when the horizontal bubble 3 is positioned at the middle position of the two scribing lines. At this time, the other end of the level 1 is the extraction point.
The position relation between the extraction point and the measurement point is simpler: the connecting line of the leading-out point and the measuring point is vertical to the length direction of the track 9, and the distance between the leading-out point and the measuring point can be obtained through the level 1; in addition, the height difference between the leading-out point and the measuring point along the vertical direction is the thickness of the level 1.
Therefore, the extraction points outside the track 9 can be measured by a detection device such as a level gauge, a total station, or a positioning device to obtain the track surface information of the extraction points, and then the track surface information of the measurement points can be obtained by converting the positional relationship between the extraction points and the measurement points. Because the position relation between the leading-out point and the measuring point is simpler, the rail surface information of the measuring point can be obtained through simple conversion, and the rail measurement is completed.
According to the track measuring device, the horizontal ruler 1, the horizontal bubble 3 and the telescopic support 2 are arranged, the horizontal ruler 1 is parallel to the top surface of the track 9 and is vertically arranged in the length direction of the track 9, so that existing track measuring points can be transferred to the leading-out points outside the track 9, the problem that the track 9 cannot be measured under the condition that a vehicle is parked and occupied by the track is effectively solved by measuring the track surface information of the leading-out points, the efficiency of measuring operation is improved, the time for measuring the track on the other lines is reduced by using the device, the interference to the existing line is reduced, and the safety of measuring operation is improved.
Further, the telescopic bracket 2 may be a telescopic tripod, which is not limited thereto, for the purpose of realizing support fixation and height adjustment.
Further, the rail surface information may include elevation, planar coordinates, and mileage.
Further, in addition to the above embodiment, the track measurement device further includes: a fixed ruler 6; the fixed ruler 6 comprises a first side plate and a second side plate, the first side plate is vertically connected with the second side plate, one end of the horizontal ruler 1 is connected with the first side plate, the length direction of the horizontal ruler 1 is vertical to the length direction of the second side plate, the first side plate is in contact with the top surface of the track 9, and the second side plate is in contact with the side surface of the track 9.
The embodiment is based on the embodiment, and the fixed ruler 6 is arranged, so that the placement of one end of the horizontal ruler 1 parallel to the top surface of the track 9 and perpendicular to the length direction of the track 9 can be better and more conveniently realized. The fixed rule 6 includes a first side plate and a second side plate vertically connected.
When the level 1 is placed, the first side plate can be placed on the top surface of the track 9 in a flat manner, so that the second side plate is tightly attached to one side edge of the track 9, and the length direction of the second side plate is the length direction of the track 9. One end of the level 1 can be connected with the first side plate, one end of the level 1 is parallel to the first side plate, and the length direction of the level 1 is perpendicular to the length direction of the second side plate.
After the level 1 and the fixed ruler 6 are connected, the first side plate of the fixed ruler 6 is only required to be in close contact with the top surface of the track 9, the second side plate is required to be in close contact with the side edge of the track 9, and the fixed ruler 6 is clamped on the surface of the track 9 to achieve the placement requirement of the level 1.
The fixed ruler 6 is arranged, one end of the horizontal ruler 1 can be positioned on the surface of the track 9, the position placing requirement of the horizontal ruler 1 can be rapidly and accurately realized, the operation is simple, and the measuring accuracy is improved.
Further, the level bar 1 and the fixed bar 6 are preferably made of insulating materials.
Further, the level 1 may be directly and fixedly connected to the first side plate, or may be detachably connected to the first side plate, for example, a clamping groove with a position compounding requirement may be provided on the first side plate, and one end of the level 1 is inserted into the clamping groove to be connected to the first side plate, which is not limited.
Further, on the basis of the above embodiment, the level 1 includes: the telescopic level bar 1, the auxiliary bar is nested in the level bar 1; a locking structure 5 is arranged on the level 1, and the locking structure 5 is used for adjusting the length of the auxiliary ruler.
The level 1 may be a multi-purpose telescopic level 1. An auxiliary ruler can be nested in the hollow cavity of the ruler body of the level ruler 1. The auxiliary ruler can be pulled out from the horizontal ruler 1, so that the length of the horizontal ruler 1 is prolonged, and the auxiliary ruler is suitable for more different measurement requirements and more measurement environments.
Further, a locking structure 5 is provided on the level 1. The auxiliary ruler is connected with the horizontal ruler 1 through a locking structure 5. The length of the auxiliary rule is adjusted by adjusting the locking structure 5 to control the extraction and retraction of the auxiliary rule from the level 1. The locking structure 5 is arranged, so that the length of the auxiliary ruler can be better controlled, and when the length of the auxiliary ruler meets the requirement, the position of the auxiliary ruler can be locked, thereby ensuring the stability of the length of the auxiliary ruler and ensuring the accuracy of measurement.
Furthermore, the scales 8 are arranged on the level 1 and the auxiliary ruler, so that the lengths of the level 1 and the auxiliary ruler can be conveniently read.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, the other end of the level 1 is connected with a base 7, the base 7 is detachably connected with the top end of the telescopic bracket 2, and the base 7 is used for supporting and placing a leveling staff, a total station centering rod or a positioning device.
A base 7 is arranged at the top end of the telescopic bracket 2, and the other end of the level 1 is connected with the base 7. It is convenient to place the detecting means at the exit point, i.e. at the other end of the level 1. Detection devices such as a leveling staff, a total station centering rod or a positioning device and the like can be placed on the base 7, so that the leveling instrument can be placed more stably, and the extraction points can be accurately detected.
The base 7 and the telescopic bracket 2 can be detachably connected through the connecting screw 4, and can be connected in other modes, so that the connection is not limited.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, the level 1 includes a first rule section and a second rule section, one end of the first rule section is connected with the track 9, the other end of the first rule section is connected with the bottom end of a telescopic rod 10, the top end of the telescopic rod 10 is connected with one end of the second rule section, the other end of the second rule section is connected with the telescopic support 2, and the telescopic rod 10 is height-adjustable along the vertical direction.
This embodiment is based on the above embodiment, and a telescopic rod 10 is provided on the level 1. The telescopic rod 10 is telescopic in the vertical direction. The first ruler section and the second ruler section of the level bar 1 are connected through a telescopic rod 10. The first and second length can be located at different heights by lifting the height of the telescopic rod 10.
Because the other end of the second length is now the tapping point, i.e. the tapping point can be located at a different height from the rail surface by means of the telescopic rod 10. The height of the leading-out point can be conveniently increased under the condition that the height difference between the track 9 and the surrounding ground is small, so that the telescopic bracket 2 is conveniently arranged below the leading-out point, smooth measurement is ensured, and more different environment requirements can be met.
At this time, the height Cheng Chazhi between the leading point and the rail surface is the sum of the gauge thickness of the first gauge section, the gauge thickness of the second gauge section and the length of the telescopic rod 10.
Further, the auxiliary rule can be embedded and arranged inside the second rule section to prolong the length of the level rule 1; the telescopic rod can also be arranged in the first ruler section, and the bottom end of the telescopic rod 10 is connected with the auxiliary ruler; this is not limited.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, the present embodiment provides a track measurement method according to the present invention, including: determining the position of an extraction point outside the track 9, wherein the connecting line of the extraction point and a measuring point to be measured is perpendicular to the length direction of the track 9, and the height difference between the extraction point and the measuring point in the vertical direction is known; measuring to obtain the rail surface information of the leading-out point; and obtaining the rail surface information of the measuring point according to the rail surface information of the leading-out point.
The track measurement method mainly transfers the existing track measurement points to the extraction points outside the track 9, and achieves the purpose of measurement by measuring the track surface information of the extraction points and converting the track surface information of the measurement points.
In order to facilitate the conversion of the rail surface information of the measuring point from the rail surface information of the extracting point, the connection of the extracting point to the measuring point may be set to be perpendicular to the length direction of the track 9, and the extracting point may be set at a position where the height difference of the measuring point is known.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, determining the position of the exit point outside the track 9 and measuring the track surface information to obtain the exit point includes: one end of the level bar 1 is clung to the top surface of the track 9, and the second side plate of the fixed bar 6 is clung to the side wall of the track 9; adjusting the telescopic bracket 2 to enable the horizontal bubble 3 in the level bar 1 to be in the middle position; and placing a leveling staff, a total station centering rod or a positioning device on the base 7, and measuring the rail surface information of the extraction point to obtain the elevation, the plane coordinates and the mileage of the extraction point.
The present embodiment describes the determination of the extraction point position and the detection of the extraction point rail surface information based on the above embodiments. The present embodiment uses the track detection device described in the above embodiments to determine the position of the extraction point and detect the extraction point.
First, one end of the level 1, to which the fixed rule 6 is connected, is placed on the rail surface, the first side plate of the fixed plate is tightly attached to the top surface of the rail 9, the second side plate of the fixed plate is tightly attached to the side wall of the rail 9, and one end of the level 1 is parallel to the top surface of the rail 9 and the level 1 is perpendicular to the rail 9.
The telescopic support 2 is adjusted to adjust the height of the other end of the level 1 until the horizontal bubble 3 is positioned at the middle position of the two scales, so that the heights of the two ends of the level 1 are equal, and the level 1 is parallel to the top surface of the track 9. The other end of the level bar 1 is connected with a base 7, and a telescopic bracket 2 is arranged below the base 7. At this time, the other end position of the level 1 is the extraction point.
When detecting the rail surface information of the leading-out point, detection devices such as a leveling staff, a total station centering rod or a positioning device and the like can be placed on the base 7, and the base 7 can stably support the detection devices, so that the accuracy of measurement is ensured. The measurement rail surface information mainly comprises the elevation, plane coordinates and mileage of the measurement leading-out point.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, obtaining the track surface information of the measurement point according to the track surface information of the extraction point includes: and according to the elevation of the extraction point and the elevation difference between the extraction point and the measurement point, calculating to obtain the elevation of the measurement point.
After placing the leveling rod 1 and leveling, a leveling rod or prism can be placed on the extraction point, and the elevation of the extraction point is measured by using a leveling instrument or a total station.
In the case where the level 1 is not provided with the telescopic rod 10, the height difference between the extraction point and the measurement point is the gauge thickness of the level 1. In the case where the telescopic link 10 is provided, the height difference is the sum of the gauge thickness of the first gauge section, the gauge thickness of the second gauge section, and the height of the telescopic link 10.
The height difference is subtracted from the height of the leading-out point to obtain the height of the rail surface of the measuring point. The measuring device is used for measuring the elevation, the theoretical error is zero, and certain errors exist in actual leveling and ruler abrasion.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, obtaining the rail surface information of the measurement point according to the rail surface information of the extraction point further includes: obtaining the plane coordinates of the measuring points through conversion according to the plane coordinates of the leading-out points and the horizontal distance between the leading-out points and the measuring points; the horizontal distance between the leading-out point and the measuring point is obtained through the scale value of the level bar.
The plane coordinates of the extraction points can be measured by using a positioning device, such as a GPS or a total station. And meanwhile, the distance from the leading-out point to the center of the top surface of the track 9 is read by using the scale 8 on the level bar 1. The plane coordinate point of the central line of the track 9 of the measuring point can be obtained through distance conversion and offset, and the measurement of the plane information of the track 9 can be completed.
The plane measurement is carried out by using the measuring device, the error is influenced by the scale 8 of the level 1, the error can be controlled at millimeter level, and the requirement of standard control limit difference of 2cm is met.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, obtaining the rail surface information of the measurement point according to the rail surface information of the extraction point further includes: obtaining the existing line position by fitting the plane coordinates of the measuring points; according to the existing line position, the existing line mileage is obtained through lofting by a positioning device; and obtaining the mileage of the measuring point according to the existing line mileage, adjusting the position of the measuring point, and finishing the mileage lofting (hundred-rule mark) measurement of the measuring point.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, a track measurement device and method is provided to solve the problem that the existing railway track measurement including mileage, elevation and plane cannot be performed under the condition that the track 9 has a vehicle parking occupation. The method mainly transfers the measurement point of the existing track 9 to the extraction point which is not affected by the parking of the vehicle, and achieves the purpose of measurement by measuring the rail surface information of the extraction point and converting the rail surface information of the measurement point.
In order to realize the measuring method, a measuring device is provided, the multipurpose telescopic horizon rule 1, a tripod and a horizontal bubble 3 are combined together, the rail surface information of a measuring point comprises mileage, plane coordinates and elevation, which are led out to the outer side of a line track 9 through the multipurpose telescopic horizon rule 1, and the information of the measuring point can be calculated through the relevant information of the measuring leading-out point and then the relevant conversion.
The track measurement device comprises a multipurpose telescopic horizontal ruler 1, a tripod, a base 7, a horizontal bubble 3, a fixed ruler 6, a connecting screw 4 and a locking structure 5, wherein the multipurpose telescopic horizontal ruler 1 and the fixed ruler 6 are made of insulating materials; the tripod adopts telescopic height-adjustable for leveling, and the tripod can also adopt other forms to satisfy height-adjusting's function.
A subsidiary ruler is nested in the cavity of the multipurpose telescopic horizontal ruler body. The length of the auxiliary ruler is adjusted through the locking structure 5. The scale 8 is arranged on the level 1, the distance can be measured by reading the scale 8, the measuring device is suitable for short-distance and long-distance measurement, and the flexibility is high. The ruler body of the multipurpose telescopic horizontal ruler 1 is nested with the horizontal bubble 3, and the horizontal state of the multipurpose telescopic horizontal ruler 1 and the rail surface of the measuring point can be determined by observing the position of the horizontal bubble 3.
One end of the multipurpose telescopic horizontal ruler 1 is connected with the fixed ruler 6, and the second side plate of the fixed ruler 6 is abutted against the outer side of the measuring point steel rail, so that the rail 9 can be ensured to be vertical to the multipurpose telescopic horizontal ruler 1.
The other end of the multipurpose telescopic horizontal ruler 1 is fixedly connected with a base 7, the base 7 is connected with a tripod through a connecting screw 4, and the connecting screw 4 can be detached, so that the management of measuring instruments is facilitated. The height of the tripod is adjusted until the horizontal bubble 3 in the multipurpose telescopic horizontal ruler 1 is positioned at the middle position of the two scribing lines, and then the multipurpose telescopic horizontal ruler 1 is in a parallel state with the rail surface of the measuring point.
Referring to fig. 2, when the measuring line is in a straight line section, one end of the multipurpose telescopic horizontal ruler 1 is abutted against the outer side of the steel rail through the second side plate of the fixed ruler 6, so that the multipurpose telescopic horizontal ruler 1 is in a vertical state with the rail surface of the measured point.
When the railway track 9 is a curve section, the height, mileage and plane can be directly measured by adopting the measuring method of the railway track 9 with a straight line section because the radius of the railway curve is larger and the steel rail with a certain measuring point is approximate to a straight line according to the related mathematical theory.
Referring to fig. 3, if the curved section of the railway track 9 has an outer rail height, one end of the multipurpose telescopic horizontal main ruler is abutted against the steel rail on the inner side of the curve through the second side plate of the fixed ruler 6, and the other end is connected with the base 7 and the tripod, similar to the measurement of the straight section of the track 9. Through adjusting the tripod, the correction horizontal bubble 3 is positioned at the middle position of the two scribing lines, the multipurpose telescopic horizontal ruler 1 and the inner track surface of the curve of the measuring point are approximately in a parallel state, and the base 7 can be used for placing the measuring lead-out point elevation of the instrument such as a level instrument or a total station. The curve is based on the elevation of the inner rail surface during measurement, and the outer rail ultrahigh value can be measured by measuring the elevation of the outer rail surface.
In fact, the curve inner rail with the ultrahigh condition has a certain inclination, and when the second side plate of the fixed ruler 6 is closely contacted with the inner side of the rail, namely the inner side of the curve, a certain gap exists between one end of the horizontal ruler 1 and the top surface of the rail, and the second side plate and the top surface of the rail are not completely closely contacted. However, according to the railway related specifications, the maximum ultrahigh value of the curve of the station line is 25mm, the maximum widening value of the curve gauge is 1450mm, the maximum height of the leading-out point and the maximum height Cheng Chazhi of the rail in the curve section are 1.21mm, and the maximum height is within the allowable range of the elevation measurement error. Thus, the curve inner rail with the ultrahigh condition is still placed in the manner of the level 1 placement described in the above embodiments, with the second side plate of the fixed rule 6 abutting against the inside of the rail.
Fig. 4 and 5 show a specific example of a measuring device that can be adapted to more terrain conditions. The measuring device level 1 is added with the telescopic rod 10, the telescopic rod 10 is connected with the level 1 by using a connecting screw, and the height of the tripod is correspondingly increased. When the elevation of the measuring point is obtained through conversion, the measured elevation of the leading-out point is subtracted by the length of the telescopic rod 10 in addition to the thickness of the level 1.
When the multipurpose telescopic level 1 and the rail surface of the measured point are in a horizontal state, the base 7 can be used for placing a leveling rod or a prism, the information of the extracted point is measured by using a leveling instrument or a total station, and the elevation, mileage and plane information of the measured point of the line can be measured by conversion.
The measuring device and the measuring method can effectively solve the problem that the existing railway rail surface elevation measurement cannot be performed under the condition that the rail 9 has the vehicle parking occupying road, and the device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience and flexibility in use and low cost, and can be popularized and used in the existing railway station measuring field. The measuring device and the measuring method have novel technical conception, can solve the practical problem, and have originality and practicability.
The measuring device and the measuring method overcome the difficulty that the existing railway track 9 cannot be used for measuring under the condition that the track 9 has a vehicle parking occupation, can be widely applied to the measurement of the station lines with the vehicle parking function such as the station to the departure line, the shunting line, the parking line, the goods line and the like, and can also be applied to the measurement of other lines so as to reduce the time of going on the road, reduce the interference to the existing lines and improve the safety of measuring operation; the materials used are easy to obtain, the device is simple, the price is low, and the device can be popularized and used in the existing railway station measuring field.
The measuring device and the measuring method can effectively improve the working efficiency of the line measurement of the existing railway station, shorten the measuring period, reduce the measuring cost, reduce the interference of the measurement on the operation of the existing railway station during the measuring operation, are beneficial to the safety protection of the existing line measurement, and can improve the market competitiveness of railway survey enterprises and the safety of personnel operation.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A track measurement device, comprising: level bars and telescopic supports; the horizontal ruler is internally embedded with horizontal bubbles, one end of the horizontal ruler is in close contact with the top surface of one side of the track, the length direction of the horizontal ruler is perpendicular to the length direction of the track, the other end of the horizontal ruler is connected with the telescopic bracket, and the height of the telescopic bracket along the vertical direction is adjustable;
the horizontal ruler comprises a first ruler section and a second ruler section, one end of the first ruler section is connected with the track, the other end of the first ruler section is connected with the bottom end of a telescopic rod, the top end of the telescopic rod is connected with one end of the second ruler section, the other end of the second ruler section is connected with the telescopic support, and the height of the telescopic rod along the vertical direction is adjustable;
further comprises: a fixed ruler; the fixed ruler comprises a first side plate and a second side plate, the first side plate is vertically connected with the second side plate, one end of the horizontal ruler is connected with the first side plate, the length direction of the horizontal ruler is vertical to the length direction of the second side plate, the first side plate is contacted with the top surface of the track, and the second side plate is contacted with the side surface of the track;
the level bar includes: the telescopic horizontal ruler is internally nested with the auxiliary ruler; the telescopic horizontal ruler is provided with a locking structure, and the locking structure is used for adjusting the length of the auxiliary ruler.
2. The track measurement device of claim 1 wherein the other end of the level bar is connected to a base which is detachably connected to the top end of the telescopic support, the base being adapted to support a leveling staff, a total station centering rod or a positioning device.
3. A track measurement method based on the track measurement device according to claim 1 or 2, comprising:
determining the position of an extraction point outside the track, wherein the connecting line of the extraction point and the measuring point to be measured is perpendicular to the length direction of the track, and the height difference between the extraction point and the measuring point in the vertical direction is known;
measuring to obtain the rail surface information of the leading-out point;
and obtaining the rail surface information of the measuring point according to the rail surface information of the leading-out point.
4. A track measurement method according to claim 3, wherein determining the position of an off-track extraction point and measuring the track surface information from which the extraction point is obtained comprises:
one end of the horizontal ruler is clung to the top surface of the track, and the second side plate of the fixed ruler is clung to the side wall of the track;
adjusting the telescopic bracket to enable horizontal bubbles in the level bar to be in the middle position;
and placing a leveling staff, a total station centering rod or a positioning device on the base, and measuring the rail surface information of the extraction point to obtain the elevation, the plane coordinates and the mileage of the extraction point.
5. The track measurement method according to claim 4, wherein obtaining the track surface information of the measurement point from the track surface information of the extraction point includes: and according to the elevation of the extraction point and the elevation difference between the extraction point and the measurement point, calculating to obtain the elevation of the measurement point.
6. The track measurement method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein obtaining the track surface information of the measurement point from the track surface information of the extraction point further comprises:
obtaining the plane coordinates of the measuring points through conversion according to the plane coordinates of the leading-out points and the horizontal distance between the leading-out points and the measuring points;
the horizontal distance between the leading-out point and the measuring point is obtained through the scale value of the level bar.
7. The track measurement method according to claim 6, wherein obtaining the track surface information of the measurement point from the track surface information of the extraction point further comprises:
obtaining the existing line position by fitting the plane coordinates of the measuring points;
according to the existing line position, the existing line mileage is obtained through lofting by a positioning device;
and obtaining the mileage of the measuring point according to the existing line mileage.
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| CN201810758137.1A CN108708235B (en) | 2018-07-11 | 2018-07-11 | Rail measuring device and method |
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| CN201810758137.1A CN108708235B (en) | 2018-07-11 | 2018-07-11 | Rail measuring device and method |
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| CN108708235B true CN108708235B (en) | 2023-08-15 |
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| CN112304282B (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2022-04-26 | 新兴铸管股份有限公司 | Method for mounting and measuring rails of centrifugal machine |
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Inventor after: Chen Geng Inventor after: Wang Shijie Inventor after: Wen Dajian Inventor after: Lv Ling Inventor after: Huang Liyan Inventor before: Wang Shijie Inventor before: Chen Geng Inventor before: Wen Dajian Inventor before: Lv Ling Inventor before: Huang Liyan |
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Effective date of registration: 20240416 Address after: 530012 No. 3, Gaoxin fifth road, high tech Zone, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Patentee after: CHINA RAILWAY FOURTH GROUP NANNING SURVEY AND DESIGN INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Patentee after: CHINA RAILWAY SIYUAN SURVEY AND DESIGN GROUP Co.,Ltd. Address before: 430063 No. 745 Heping Avenue, Wuchang District, Hubei, Wuhan Patentee before: CHINA RAILWAY SIYUAN SURVEY AND DESIGN GROUP Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |