CN1087035C - Technology for pretreating molten iron inshallow smelting bath by blowing Mg-base desulfurizing agent - Google Patents

Technology for pretreating molten iron inshallow smelting bath by blowing Mg-base desulfurizing agent Download PDF

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CN1087035C
CN1087035C CN99122342A CN99122342A CN1087035C CN 1087035 C CN1087035 C CN 1087035C CN 99122342 A CN99122342 A CN 99122342A CN 99122342 A CN99122342 A CN 99122342A CN 1087035 C CN1087035 C CN 1087035C
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magnesium
molten iron
calcium oxide
winding
desulfurization
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CN1294200A (en
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李士琦
沈颐身
刘润藻
佟福生
洪从甲
黎立
徐水清
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for desulfurizing molten iron by blowing Mg-based desulfurizing agents into a molten iron pot with a capability of 30 to 100 tons by using a blowing method, which belongs to the technical field of the external desulfurization of molten iron in high furnaces. The desulfurizing agents are composed of the following materials (by mass percentage): 15 to 18% of Mg, 80 to 15% of calcium oxide and 1 to 10% of calcium fluoride. The granularity of the desulfurizing agents is from 0.17 to 0.8mm. The technological method comprises the following steps: adding the calcium oxide and the calcium fluoride in the process of iron tapping to control top slag basicity R higher than or equal to 2 and FeO content lower than or equal to 3%; spraying the Mg-based desulfurizing agents by using a spraying gun inserted into molten iron by a powder spraying device, inserting the spraying gun into the molten iron in depth of 1.0 to 1.9m, and conveying the spraying gun by using nitrogen gas in a pressure of 0.2 to 0.4MPa and a flow quantity of 20 to 60 Nm3/h. The blowing time is from 5 to 15 minutes, the Mg consumption is from 0.4 to 0.55 kg/t, the Mg utilization rate is from 46 to 65%, and the desulfurizing rate reaches 65 to 72%.

Description

The shallow pool molten iron winding-up pretreatment process that carries out with Mg-base desulfurizing agent
The present invention is the outer desulfurizing iron technical field of the stove of blast furnace (comprising cupola furnace) molten iron.
Along with the develop rapidly of industrial technology, press for high-quality all kinds of steel, and the sulphur in the steel there is bad influence to the performance of steel, the sulphur in the steel reduces its plasticity and toughness, and influences the surface and the inner quality of steel.The steel that modern industry is required require sulphur content to answer≤0.015%, and its sulphur content of pipeline steel is limited in 0.002~0.005% level.Traditional blast furnace-top-blown oxygen converter the technological process of production, the sulphur in the steel is difficult to reach above-mentioned requirements.In order to reduce the quality level of sulphur content in the steel, raising steel, the molten iron stove is handled desulfurization technology has outward become the indispensable link of process for making.Since 60~seventies, USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), Eastern Europe begin to use Mg-base desulfurizing agent and carry out desulfurizing iron, and West Europe and North America are quoted in succession and redeveloped, and to the nineties, secondary desulfurization has become the gordian technique that reduces sulphur content in the steel.
The secondary desulfurization method mainly contains two kinds: first method is that cored-wire is fed silk method, cored-wire is inserted realize desulfurizing iron in the molten iron; Second method is carried out desulfurization for the winding-up desulfurizer powder to molten iron.
The sweetening agent of external desulfurization of hot metal mainly contains soda Na 2CO 3, lime CaO, carbide of calcium CaC 2Four kinds of base desulfurizer and magnesium Mg base desulfurizers etc.
Hello silk method and blowing process are carried out external desulfurization of hot metal all effect preferably.Mg-base desulfurizing agent is suitable for the application conditions of external desulfurization of hot metal most in four kinds of sweetening agents, and its advantage is that sweetening power is strong; Under low molten iron temperature (≤1300 ℃), still has sweetening power preferably; Desulfurization processing required time is short, the quantity of slag is few, temperature drop is little, sweetening effectiveness is good.
According to reports, Russia and Japan adopt hello a silk method to carry out external desulfurization of hot metal respectively, and cored-wire is the desulfurization heart yearn of magnesium base, and composition is the mixture of magnesium and calcium oxide.For the hot metal ladle of 150 tons of capacity, the magnesium consumption is 0.62kg/t, even reaches 2~2.6kg/t, 1280~1320 ℃ of molten iron temperatures, and initial sulphur is 0.02%, the sulphur that the back molten iron is handled in its desulfurization reaches 0.005%.R.PIEPENBROCK and P.SCHITTLY (Fachb-erichteHuetterpraxis Metallweit erverarbeitaing Vol.23 No 8-1985 Pages 594-598) introduce and feed silk method stove outer desulfurizing iron, and the desulfurization powder is 78%Mg and 22%CaC 2Mixture, cored-wire external diameter 9mm handles 200 tons of molten iron, and consumption Mg is 0.15~0.49kg/t, adds (feeding wire speed that is equivalent to 175m cored-wire/min) with 8.75kg/min speed approximately, and consequently molten iron sulphur reduces to 0.003~0.010%.
Desulfurizing iron processing outside the stove is carried out in employing blowing desulfurization agent in iron liquid molten bath, and the outer desulfurizing iron effect of the stove of blowing desulfurization agent is similar with hello silk method.The desulfurization powder of winding-up can adopt the mixing powder of magnesium, calcium oxide mixed powder or magnesium, lime carbonate, and these two kinds of desulfurization powder processing are easy, and tooling cost is lower.But because the difference of magnesium powder and physicalies such as non-metallic material material granularity, density, magnesium in the mixture and non-metallic material are formed inhomogeneous, therefore, this pulvis of jetting carries out in the external desulfurization of hot metal process, cause partial strong desulphurization reaction in the molten bath, thereby cause the boiling and the splash in molten bath, then be difficult to keep normal sweetening process.In addition, also can adopt magnesium, the calcium oxide composite sweetening agent desulfurizing iron of jetting, this sweetening agent composition is even, cushioned the gasification of magnesium, make desulfurizing iron respond well, do not cause iron liquid boiling and splash again, and the storage of this sweetening agent and transportation are safe.
All need process in advance with the sweetening agent that winding-up magnesium, calcium oxide composite sulfur method are adopted owing to feed the silk sulfur method, feed the silk method and must and wrap up iron sheet and make cored-wire the sweetening agent fine grinding.Magnesium, the calcium oxide composite of winding-up usefulness, be under hot conditions with the magnesium fusion, in the magnesium molten bath, add calcium oxide again and carry out brute force and stir and make it even, after the cooling again fragmentation make.Adopt magnesium, calcium oxide composite sweetening agent to carry out the blowing process desulfurizing iron and handle, its course of processing complexity, the processing charges height of additional sweetening agent, thus increased the expense that desulfurization is handled.The blowing desulfurization of calcium oxide and magnesium compound the boiling of iron liquid occurs and causes the phenomenon of splash, so, require the winding-up degree of depth greater than 2 meters.The ferrous metallurgy circle desulfurizing iron method that the magnesium-containing desulfurizer of the low expense of a kind of usefulness, easily processing, the splash of drawing up carries out that always waits in expectation.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of molten iron pretreatment desulfurizing method, the used sweetening agent of this method is processed simple, expense is cheap, and make the desulfurization of iron liquid efficiently preventing under the situation of splash stable, specifically the present invention is to provide and be fit to that China middle-size and small-size associating iron and steel enterprise uses, the low capacity hot metal ladle (30~70t), the desulfurizing iron method of shallow pool (less than 2m's)
Process flow diagram 1 of the present invention is a magnesium base molten iron desulfurization blowing process schema, and the blowing device among the figure is by injector (1), rotary unloading device (2), winding-up jar (3), roof pressure air duct (4), winding-up feed channel (5), tensimeter (6), under meter (7), reducing valve (8), intake valve (9) divides gas tank (10), variable valve (11), iron liquid (12), hot metal ladle (13), spray gun (14), powder feeding pipes (15) is formed.
Desulfurization powder of the present invention is packed in the powder spraying pot, after sealing, with nitrogen through roof pressure air duct (4) pressurising in winding-up jar (3), quantitatively carry desulfurization powder by rotary unloading device (2) to injector (1), the nitrogen that utilizes the injector winding-up to carry is imported desulfurization powder in the interior iron liquid molten bath (12) of hot metal ladle (13) through powder feeding pipes (15), spray gun (14) and is produced desulphurization reaction, carries out desulfurizing iron.
Technical scheme of the present invention adopts Mg-base desulfurizing agent, comprise magnesium, calcium oxide, wherein magnesium can be mixed and made into sweetening agent with any material of non-metallic material, its composition is expressed as with mass percent: 15~80% magnesium powder, 80~15% calcium oxide, 1~10% Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan), magnesium powder degree 0.17~0.80mm, granularity<the 0.8mm of calcium oxide and Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan), the technology of blowing desulfurization agent is inserted the molten iron degree of depth 1.0~1.9m for the spray gun of winding-up Mg-base desulfurizing agent, winding-up is a nitrogen with carrier gas, nitrogen pressure is 0.2~0.4MPa, and nitrogen flow is 20~60Nm 3/ h, blowing desulfurization dosage are 0.20~0.90kg/ (tmin), 5~15 minutes blowing desulfurization agent time.
Best blowing process of the present invention, the insertion iron liquid degree of depth of blowing desulfurization agent spray gun is 1~1.5m (or 1.2~1.8), and blowing desulfurization dosage is 0.20~0.60kg/ (tmin), and nitrogen-blow pressure is 0.2~0.3MPa, flow 20~40Nm 3/ h, the winding-up time is 5~10 minutes.
The jet processing step of the shallow pool molten iron winding-up pretreatment process that Mg-base desulfurizing agent carries out of the present invention: drop into calcium oxide and Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) in the process of tapping a blast furnace in hot metal ladle in hot metal ladle, calcium oxide is 0.1~5kg/t, and Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) is 5~20% of calcium oxide.After treating that molten iron goes out to finish, hot metal ladle is winched to the molten iron stove handle station outward, in the spray gun insertion iron liquid with the blowing desulfurization agent, the degree of depth is 1~1.9m, begins winding-up and contains the agent of magnesium powder desulfurization, and its composition as mentioned above.Molten iron top basicity of slag R in the hot metal ladle 〉=2, FeO≤3%, blowing desulfurization dosage are 0.2~0.9kg/ (tmin), and winding-up is a nitrogen with carrier gas, and nitrogen pressure is 0.2~0.4Mpa, and nitrogen flow is 20~60Nm 3/ h, 5~15 minutes winding-up time.The blowing desulfurization processing promotes spray gun after finishing immediately, stops to stop nitrogen for powder thereupon, removes spray gun, and the handling hot metal ladle is to the steel melting furnace hot metal charging.
The present invention adds earlier calcium oxide, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) to adjust top slag composition in hot metal ladle before the blowing desulfurization pulvis, adjusted top slag composition is expressed as: calcium oxide CaO 35~45%, silicon-dioxide SiO with mass percent 212~20%, magnesium oxide MgO 5~10%, full iron TFe 3~10%, iron protoxide FeO≤3, top basicity of slag R 〉=2, the Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) add-on by the adding calcium oxide content 5~20%.The present invention can replace calcium oxide with lime carbonate or rhombspar, is mixed and made into the powder injection desulphurization agent with magnesium.
It is 1~1.5m that the present invention's pretreatment process of jetting, the spray gun that dusts insert the iron liquid degree of depth, and blowing desulfurization dosage 0.2~0.6kg/ (tmin), nitrogen-blow pressure are 0.2~0.3Mpa, and nitrogen flow is 20~40Nm 3/ h, 5~10 minutes winding-up time.
When the original sulphur content in the molten iron is 0.040~0.10%, the proportioning of correspondingly having regulated magnesium and calcium oxide, the mass percent proportioning of magnesium is 25~45%, and the winding-up amount of sweetening agent is 0.2~0.9kg/ (tmin), and solid-gas ratio is about 10~20kg/kg.Nitrogen-blow pressure is 0.2~0.3Mpa, and nitrogen flow is 20~40Nm 3/ h, the winding-up time, the whole sulphur content of molten iron can reach 0.030~0.010% less than 15 minutes, and desulfurization degree is up to 66.64%.
The sweetening agent composition of optimization of the present invention is expressed as with mass percent: magnesium powder Mg25~45%, calcium oxide CaO 45~65%, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) CaF 21~10%.In order reasonably to regulate magnesium powder Mg in the sweetening agent and the ratio of calcium oxide CaO, sweetening effectiveness is good to reach, operational process stable, expense is low, especially be more suitable for the sulfur removal technology that the blowing desulfurization agent enters the shallow pool molten iron, the present invention also proposes the sweetening agent composition of two kinds of optimizations, one is magnesium Mg30~45%, calcium oxide CaO50~65%, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) CaF 21~10%, it two is magnesium Mg 25~35%, calcium oxide CaO60~70%, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) CaF 21~10%.
Blowing desulfurization agent method of the present invention is applicable to the external desulfurization of hot metal of 50~100 tons of hot metal ladle, also can be used for<50 tons hot metal ladle external desulfurization of hot metal.
The present invention compared with the prior art, the sweetening agent pulvis of winding-up usefulness makes that the course of processing is simple, processing charges is low.Suitably improve the proportioning of calcium oxide and magnesium powder, and allocate suitable Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) into, to satisfy the processing requirement of the external desulfurization of hot metal below 100 tons, select rational injection parameters simultaneously, these technical measures are in order to adapt to the arts demand in the more shallow molten bath of spray gun insertion.Simultaneously, adjust the top slag ingredient of molten iron in the process of tapping a blast furnace, the sweetening agent composition of being allocated into can satisfy the chemical reaction of magnesium and sulphur, helps dissolving again and removes desulfurization product MgS.Then enter the anti-non-return sulphur of top slag as soon as possible when the desulfurization product that floats runs into the top slag, thereby reach desulfurization quickly and efficiently.
The molten iron stove that The present invention be directed to the molten iron capacity and be below 100 tons is handled outward, because spray gun inserts the degree of depth of molten iron between 1.0~2.0m, is that 1.2~1.8m or 1~1.5m are advisable to insert the molten iron degree of depth especially.The vapour pressure of the magnesium that forms in the desulphurization reaction process under the condition of shallow pool should suitably reduce, the nebulizer gas pressure and the flow of winding-up also can correspondingly lower, still can have good desulfurization condition, and can control, gas volume excessive and boiling of the molten iron that causes and splash because evaporating speed of magnesium is too fast.In heuristic process, the dusting test under the condition of shallow pool shows, when the proportioning of the magnesium powder amount increase that provides or magnesium and calcium oxide is big, too fierceness of boiling and splash, reaction all occurs, is unfavorable for the carrying out of desulphurization reaction.Tracing it to its cause is that the amount that produces of the steam of magnesium is big more, and the size of steam bubble is big more, in iron liquid the residence time short more, therefore, sweetening effectiveness is relatively poor.On the contrary, suitably control the velocity of evaporation and the quantity of steam of magnesium, can reduce the size of magnesium bubble and the time that stops in iron liquid, help the diffusion and the uniform distribution in iron liquid of magnesium bubble, reality is exactly to have prolonged the come-up approach of magnesium bubble and increased the total surface area of magnesium bubble in iron liquid.Therefore,, created favourable magnesium desulfurization dynamic conditions, given full play to the desulfurization potentiality of magnesium, thereby reached purpose stable, safe, efficient, low working cost though reduced the ratio of magnesium and calcium oxide.The storage of sweetening agent and transportation are safe.
The present invention has selected rational desulfurization rate and the whole sulphur content of rational molten iron, selects technology of the present invention and sweetening agent, does not promptly increase the outer desulfurizing iron time of stove, do not reduce desulfurization rate yet, but the scaling loss of reduction magnesium, the desulfurization ratio that improves magnesium reaches 46%, thereby has improved desulfurization degree.Desulfurization degree of the present invention reaches 65~72%.
Blowing desulfurization agent spray gun of the present invention inserts the sulfur removal technology of the molten iron degree of depth less than 2m, having broken the magnesium base molten iron secondary desulfurization can only be in the hot metal ladle more than 100 tons, the winding-up degree of depth has great using value greater than the restriction of carrying out under the 2m condition for the hot metal ladle desulfurization below 100 tons.
External desulfurization of hot metal of the present invention, the general original sulphur of molten iron is 0.060~0.070%, terminal point sulphur was reduced to 0.015~0.020% o'clock, ton iron magnesium consumption 0.4~0.55kg, desulfurization degree reaches 65~72%, and the utilization ratio of magnesium reaches 46~65%, and required expense is 28.5 yuan/t of Renminbi.After using desulfurizing iron, can reduce even cancel the sulfur removal technology of convertor steelmaking process, bring considerable economic for converter steelmaking factory, estimation reduces lime consumption 15kg/t, metal loss reduces 6kg/t, steel-making cost reduces by 33.68 yuan/t, and provides favourable condition for smelting high-quality steel with the kind that enlarges steel.Owing to adopt the outer desulfurizing iron technology of stove, alleviated the desulfurization load of blast furnace, if molten steel sulfur content relaxes to 0.060% by 0.040%, blast furnace ironmaking process coke ratio can reduce 36kg/t-iron, output improves more than 13%.Simultaneously, can also reduce the basicity of agglomerate.With 300m 3Blast furnace convert, adopt molten steel furnace outer desulfurization process after, blast-melted cost is reduced to the about 34.26 yuan/t of Renminbi, then a ton iron benefit reaches 37.79 yuan/t-iron.Build a cover magnesium base molten iron secondary desulfurization production line in the Steel Complex that produce 500000 tons per year, the economic benefit that enterprise whole year is only brought by molten steel furnace outer desulfurization process is just up to 1889.5 ten thousand yuan/year of Renminbi.
Accompanying drawing of the present invention 1 is the frontview of the shallow pool molten iron winding-up pretreatment process blowing process flow system figure that carries out with Mg-base desulfurizing agent.
Optimum implementation is:
Embodiment 1: iron water amount 33t in the hot metal ladle, and spray magnesium original washing powder agent 69kg, wherein lime and Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) amount 50kg, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) is 1.7kg, contains magnesium powder amount 19kg, magnesium proportioning 27.53%.Winding-up time 9min, spray gun degree of depth 1.45m, 1302 ℃ of molten iron initial temperatures, 1290 ℃ of terminal temperatures, 12 ℃ of temperature drops, initial molten iron sulfur-bearing 0.070%, spray back sulfur-bearing 0.020%, nitrogen-blow pressure 0.25MPa, flow 31m 3/ g, roof pressure 0.24MPa, flow 2.5m 3/ h.Adopt three hole spray guns, desulphurization reaction is stable in the blowing desulfurization pulvis, molten iron, and the quantity of steam of generation is moderate, does not have bigger boiling phenomenon, does not have splash.Desulfurization degree is 71.42%, and the utilization ratio of magnesium is 65.10%.
Embodiment 2: iron water amount 31t in the hot metal ladle, spray magnesium original washing powder agent 69kg, wherein lime and Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) amount 50kg, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) is 5.15kg, magnesium powder amount 19kg, magnesium proportioning 27.53%, winding-up time 8min, spray gun degree of depth 1.35m, 1248 ℃ of molten iron initial temperatures, 1211 ℃ of terminal temperatures, 37 ℃ of temperature drops, initial molten iron sulfur-bearing 0.066%, spray back sulfur-bearing 0.022%, nitrogen-blow pressure 0.23MPa, flow 23m 3/ h, roof pressure 0.24MPa, flow 3m 3/ h.Adopt the single hole spray gun, behind the blowing desulfurization pulvis, desulphurization reaction is even, stable in the molten iron, does not have bigger boiling and splash phenomenon in the desulfurization treating processes, and desulfurization degree is 66.66%, and the utilization ratio of magnesium is 53.83%.

Claims (6)

1. shallow pool molten iron winding-up pretreatment process that carries out with Mg-base desulfurizing agent, Mg-base desulfurizing agent comprises magnesium, calcium oxide, the blowing desulfurization agent is to molten iron, it is characterized in that in the process of tapping a blast furnace, in hot metal ladle, dropping into earlier calcium oxide and Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan), calcium oxide is 0.1~5kg/t, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) is 5~20% of calcium oxide add-on, after going out to finish Deng molten iron, spray gun with the blowing desulfurization agent inserts in the molten iron degree of depth 1.0~1.9m again, begin the magnesium-containing desulfurizer of jetting, the composition of sweetening agent is magnesium powder Mg15~80%, calcium oxide CaO 80~15%, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) CaF 21~10%, magnesium powder degree 0.17~0.80mm, granularity<the 0.8mm of calcium oxide and Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan), basicity R 〉=2 of molten iron top slag in the hot metal ladle, FeO≤3%, blowing desulfurization dosage 0.2~0.9kg/ (t-min), winding-up is a nitrogen with carrier gas, nitrogen pressure is 0.2~0.4MPa, and nitrogen flow is 20~60Nm 3/ h, 5~15 minutes winding-up time.
2. winding-up pretreatment process according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is 1~1.5m that powder monitor inserts the iron liquid degree of depth, and blowing desulfurization dosage 0.2~0.6kg/ (t-min), nitrogen-blow pressure are 0.2~0.3MPa, flow 20~40Nm 3/ h, 5~10 minutes winding-up time.
3. winding-up pretreatment process according to claim 1 is characterized in that dropping into calcium oxide, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) in hot metal ladle, and to adjust the top slag ingredient be calcium oxide CaO 35~45%, silicon-dioxide SiO 212~20%, magnesium oxide MgO 5~10%, full iron TFe 3~10%, ferric oxide FeO≤3%, top basicity of slag R>2.
4. winding-up pretreatment process according to claim 1 is characterized in that containing the composition of magnesium desulfurization powder: magnesium Mg 25~45%, calcium oxide CaO 45~65%, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) CaF 21~10%.
5. winding-up pretreatment process according to claim 1 is characterized in that the composition of sweetening agent: magnesium Mg30~45%, calcium oxide CaO 50~65%, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) CaF 21~10%.
6. winding-up pretreatment process according to claim 1 is characterized in that the composition of sweetening agent: magnesium Mg 25~35%, calcium oxide CaO 60~70%, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) CaF 21~10%.
CN99122342A 1999-11-02 1999-11-02 Technology for pretreating molten iron inshallow smelting bath by blowing Mg-base desulfurizing agent Expired - Fee Related CN1087035C (en)

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