CN108702074A - Motor - Google Patents
Motor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108702074A CN108702074A CN201780012497.0A CN201780012497A CN108702074A CN 108702074 A CN108702074 A CN 108702074A CN 201780012497 A CN201780012497 A CN 201780012497A CN 108702074 A CN108702074 A CN 108702074A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- motor
- stator
- air gap
- component
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
- H02K11/27—Devices for sensing current, or actuated thereby
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/02—Details
- H02K21/021—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux
- H02K21/028—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux by modifying the magnetic circuit within the field or the armature, e.g. by using shunts, by adjusting the magnets position, by vectorial combination of field or armature sections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/06—Machines characterised by the presence of fail safe, back up, redundant or other similar emergency arrangements
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
Abstract
This application discloses a kind of motor (1), have:Stator (2), the stator have stator body (3) and stator winding (4);And rotor (5), the rotor are rotatably arranged relative to stator, and have rotor body (6), which is received in multiple permanent magnets therein.Rotor is arranged with the air gap between rotor body and stator body, and magnetic flux is made to pass through the air gap between the permanent magnet of rotor body and the stator poles of stator body.Motor further includes at least one component (15,16) or reagent of the material with high magnetic permeability, and the component or reagent are disposed relative to stator body (6) and are located so that the magnetic flux from permanent magnet is reduced through the air gap.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of motors, it includes:
Stator, the stator have stator body, stator winding to be wrapped on the stator body, and it is multiple fixed to be arranged to electricity generation
Sub- pole, these stator poles are arranged around the periphery of stator body;
It is arranged so that the device that stator winding is connect with AC power supplies or receiver;And
Rotor, which is rotatably arranged relative to stator, and has rotor body, which is received in wherein
Multiple permanent magnets;
The rotor is arranged with the air gap between rotor body and stator body, and makes magnetic flux in rotor body
By the air gap between permanent magnet and the stator poles of stator body, driven to apply to rotor in the operation of the motor of motor
Torque, and power to stator winding in the operation of the generator of motor.
Background technology
This motor may be operative to motor and/or generator, but the present invention will focus mainly on it as motor
Operation.Moreover, motor can have the air gap in axially or radially direction, for as axially or radially flux machine.
The magnetic flux of rotor is generated by using multiple permanent magnets, obtains syncmotor.Compared with induction machine, this horse
Up to there is lower rotor loss, therefore there is higher efficiency.Compared with induction machine, it can also be manufactured into higher number of poles,
Without losing performance, therefore it can have higher torque capability.
Present invention applies particularly to the motors of the motor at type described in introduction, (special for generating railroad vehicle
Not rail vehicle) tractive force, but when be described below the present invention it is this in application, being not construed as to this hair
Bright limitation.This motor (motor it is of course possible to be used as generator in abrupt deceleration vehicle) is particularly conducive to such vehicle,
For the vehicle, the high torque ability relative to determining motor dimension is important feature.
In the rotor body as motor, the type described in introduction magneto, pass through from permanent magnet described
The high magnetic flux of air gap causes motor to need smaller electric current to generate the required torque less than base speed, which is to turn
The approximately half of speed of sub- maximum (top) speed.When permanent magnetism is logical to be reduced, incited somebody to action in the iron loss under non-loaded (i.e. when electric current is zero)
Reduce.In some cases, it is advantageous that can reduce when motor also generates torque logical higher than the permanent magnetism of base speed.From forever
Magnet will lead to the non-loaded high voltage under maximum speed by the high magnetic flux of the air gap, so as to cause the exhausted of stator winding
Edge aging, and increase the danger of arc discharge.Since there are the competitive influence of risk and/or layout and design requirement, this electricity
Arc discharge is the potential performance of permanent magnet motor.Mitigate arc discharge generation in the stator windings by slowing down at present, this is right
Mean for railroad vehicle motor by train deceleration to low speed.It will also be helped from permanent magnet by this high magnetic flux of air gap
In higher short circuit current, this will be helpful to higher oscillating torque in the case of line to line fault.
Invention content
The motor for the type described in introduction that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of, the motor are at least opposite in some aspects
It is improved in known this motor.According to the present invention, the purpose is by providing the feature having in accessory claim 1
This motor for the feature listed in part and realize.
In motor according to the present invention so that the magnetic flux reduction from permanent magnet will be by providing by air gap to motor
At least one component or reagent of material with high magnetic permeability and realize, the component or reagent are disposed relative to rotor
Ontology is located so that the reduction of the magnetic flux from permanent magnet passes through air gap.This means that the magnetic flux from permanent magnet will be due to described
At least one component or reagent and less cross the air gap between rotor body and stator body (with component or examination
Agent is compared).It is possible thereby to avoid the disadvantages mentioned above that the high magnetic flux from permanent magnet passes through air gap.Moreover, at least one portion
Part be arranged to by make a part of flux steering (otherwise the part magnetic flux will be guided from permanent magnet through the air gap, without
By the component) by so that from permanent magnet magnetic flux reduction pass through air gap.By the portion of the material with high magnetic permeability
Part is located so that a part of flux steering from permanent magnet constitutes when needed so that passing through the magnetic flux of air gap
Effective, the simple and reliable way substantially reduced.In addition, the component can be relative to rotor body at least two different positions
It is moved between setting, in this position, component is arranged so that the different large scale parts of the magnetic flux from permanent magnet turn to
Pass through.This movement makes it possible to have the higher flux from permanent magnet by air gap (when this is actually highly advantageous),
The magnetic flux can also be reduced when high magnetic flux is improper and/or harmful.Motor includes being arranged to make at least one component phase
For the device that rotor body moves between the different location, this makes magnetic from permanent magnet, by the air gap
The logical primary operational situation for being easily adapted to motor.Finally, described device be arranged to when the stator winding or with it is described fixed
Make at least one component relative to turning when generating arc discharge or short circuit in any cable or equipment of the connection of sub- winding
Sub- ontology, which moves to, will maximally reduce position of the magnetic flux by the air gap.It is possible thereby to efficiently solve above-mentioned arc discharge
Negative consequences.
EP1220427A2 discloses a kind of motor of the type described in introduction, wherein annular element is used to pass through the ring
Shape component adjusts the magnetic flux density in the tooth of the stator body of motor relative to the movement of stator.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the component or reagent by mechanism in normal operating relative to rotor
Ontology is maintained at and minimally reduces position of the magnetic flux by the air gap, the mechanism in the stator winding or with the stator
It is discharged when generating arc discharge or short circuit in any cable or equipment of winding connection.Described device for making component move
Using power, the power is along so that the component moves to direction (when component discharges) for the position for making less magnetic flux by air gap by makees
With on component.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the power is magnetic attraction.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the component or reagent rotate together with the rotor, and the power is centrifugation
Power.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, described device depends on temperature, and is arranged to when the temperature is lowered so that institute
It states at least one component to move relative to rotor body, for making the flux steering for increasing part pass through.This feature compensates for
Following situations:Magnetic flux from permanent magnet is higher than at relatively high temperatures at a lower temperature.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, described device is arranged to by making it by explosive material or chemical reaction substance
Be made and the chemical reaction (while quickly increasing its volume) that generates and to make at least one component movement.This is constituted
For when needed so that the component quickly movement and reduces selecting party of the magnetic flux from permanent magnet by the air gap
Case, and this movement will only carry out once in the motor before the operation disruption of motor.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, motor includes control unit, which is arranged to control described device,
So that at least one component moves in the operating process of motor, draw for changing the magnetic flux from permanent magnet
The ratio of the air gap was connected.The arrangement of this control unit can be easily so that from permanent magnet and pass through the air gap
Magnetic flux be adjusted to the prevailing operating state for motor.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, at least one component is by having >=10 μ0(μ0The magnetic conductivity of=vacuum)
The material of magnetic conductivity be made.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, at least one component is ring, which is disposed relative to rotor body
Rotation axis around rotor concentrically positions, so that the flux steering from permanent magnet, to which guiding passes through the ring, without
It is by the air gap.This ring can have any shape, but preferably circle.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the ring is made of stacking magnet steel or soft-magnetic composite material.This will so that by
Eddy current caused by magnetic flux by ring and rotor body are rotatably retained at reduced levels relative to ring.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the rotor is rotatably disposed in stator, in rotor body and stator
The air gap between ontology is radial relative to the rotation axis of rotor.Therefore, motor is radial flux motors.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, motor is included in an axial end portion or two axial end portions for rotor body
The ring at place, the ring is radially adjacent to the air gap.Ring at these locations will be by making the magnetic flux from permanent magnet
A part is diverted through the ring and reduces the magnetic flux from permanent magnet by the air gap, and the size of the part can pass through
So that ring is axially moved relative to the rotation axis of rotor and easily changes, this is the theme of another embodiment of the present invention.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the ring is arranged to be attached at the axial surface of rotor body by magnetic force
On, and rotated together with rotor body.In this case, ring can be made of solid material, because not having eddy current
Any problem, because ring will not be relative to flux motion when rotor body rotates.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, rotor body and stator body are arranged so that the air gap relative to rotor
Rotation axis axially between them, and at least one component is placed close to the air gap.Therefore, which is
So-called axial-flux electric machine.According to the embodiment for the further development form for constituting the embodiment, rotor body has ring part
Part, the ring are arranged along the annular element of rotor body and in the annular elements of the rotor body, and/or edge turns
The annular element arrangement of sub- ontology and the outside of the annular element in the rotor body.The ring with this position
It can effectively make a part of flux steering of the permanent magnet from rotor by the ring, rather than pass through the air gap.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, each ring can relative to rotor rotation axis relative to rotor body court
It is axially moved to far from the air gap, for so that the different large scale parts of the magnetic flux from permanent magnet turn to and lead to
It crosses.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, at least one ring is divided at least two parts, described at least two
Part can relative to rotor rotation axis relative to rotor body toward and away from the rotor body and radial motion, for making
The different large scale parts for obtaining the magnetic flux from permanent magnet are diverted through.
According to the another embodiment of the present invention for arcing problem, which includes the reagent, the reagent
Including ferromagnetic powder, which stores in container inside housings, which surrounds stator and rotor, the reagent are set
It is set to and is discharged when arc discharge occurs, to reach the region of the air gap, the magnetic for the permanent magnet by bridging rotor
Pole and reduce the magnetic flux by air gap.Which constitute the efficient ways for quickly stopping arc discharge when this happens.Then, motor can
To be restored to normal condition by dismantling and cleaning, while minimizing damage of the component due to the arc discharge of motor.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, at least one component is arranged in the internal rotor, and can be relative to
The permanent magnet of rotor moves, change amount (due to leakage) of the flux loss from permanent magnet in rotor body to will pass through and
Change the magnetic flux by the air gap.
The invention further relates to use of the motor according to the present invention in driving device, the driving device is for generating rail
The tractive force of vehicle, the invention further relates to a kind of railroad vehicle, which is useful for generating the driving of the tractive force of vehicle
Device, the driving device include at least one motor according to the present invention.By above to the difference of motor according to the present invention
The explanation of embodiment, it will be clear that find out this favorable characteristics and advantage using with vehicle.
From following explanation it will be clear that the further advantage and preferred feature of the present invention.
Description of the drawings
The embodiment of the present invention quoted as example is specifically introduced below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic longitudinal elevation view of motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein ring is only making the magnetic flux
The first position that smaller portions turn to, for making the flux steering from permanent magnet, not guide through the air gap,
Fig. 2 a and 2b are the schematic diagrames for the possibility structure for indicating the permanent magnet in the rotor according to the motor of Fig. 1,
Fig. 3 is the view of motor shown in Fig. 1, wherein the ring is in the major part flux steering for making to pass through
The second position,
Fig. 4 a and 4b are to indicate to introduce height in the end panel of the rotor body of rotor in Fig. 1 and motor shown in Fig. 3
The schematic diagram (in the case where end panel is manufactured by low magnetic permeability material) of the appropriate area of magnetoconductivity material,
Fig. 5 is the motor at unilateral axial flux structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention, corresponding with Fig. 1 regards
Figure, wherein for making the ring of the flux steering of the permanent magnet from rotor body be arranged in first position, in the first position
In, they are invalid,
Fig. 6 is the cross sectional view of motor shown in Fig. 5,
Fig. 7 is view corresponding with Fig. 5, wherein the ring is in active position, so that flux steering passes through,
Rather than by the air gap of motor,
Fig. 8 is view corresponding with Fig. 6, illustrates in magnetic flux position how shown in Fig. 7 and is diverted through the ring,
Fig. 9 is the motor of side axial flux structure in pairs according to a second embodiment of the present invention, corresponding with Fig. 7 regards
Figure, wherein the ring is in active position, so that the flux steering from permanent magnet, otherwise guiding passes through the air gap.
Figure 10 and 11 schematically illustrates a part for motor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, wherein external rings are divided into
Two components, both parts radial motion, to make flux steering,
Figure 12 is the simplification sectional side elevation of motor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, wherein the component is used for invalid
Reduce the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet of the rotor from motor in state,
Figure 13 is the view of motor shown in Figure 12, illustrates how the component is converted to effective status,
Figure 14 is the simplified cross-sectional view of a part for the rotor body of motor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, wherein
Moveable element is in the position that less magnetic flux is turned to by leakage,
Figure 15 corresponds to the view of Figure 14, wherein moveable element is in the position that more magnetic fluxs are turned to by leakage
It sets,
Figure 16 is the principle schematic of the magnetic flux in rotor corresponding with Figure 14, wherein moveable element, which is in, to be passed through
The position of less magnetic flux is leaked and turns to, and
Figure 17 is the principle schematic of the magnetic flux in rotor corresponding with Figure 14, wherein moveable element, which is in, to be passed through
Leak and turn to the position of more magnetic fluxs.
Specific implementation mode
Fig. 1 schematically illustrates the critical piece of motor 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.The motor has stator 2, this is fixed
Son 2 has stator body 3, stator winding 4 to be wrapped on stator body 3, and stator is arranged to electricity and generates multiple stator poles, these stators
Pole is arranged around the inner circumferential of stator body.Stator winding receives in the radial slit of stator body, and the radial slit is in the ontology
Whole length on extend.The sum of slit and the slit number of each pole can be any conceivable values, but as an example,
These quantity can be 48 and 4.
Motor further includes rotor 5 (also seeing Fig. 2 a and 2b), which has rotor body 6, which can be by reality
Heart high-permeability material is made, or can be made by the tinkertoy module of the magnet steel gusset of electrically insulated from one another as stator body
At the magnet steel gusset is axially stacked relative to the rotation axis 7 of rotor, for so that the eddy-current loss in these ontologies is kept
In reduced levels, rotor body 5 has the magnet 8 on rotor surface or the magnet in internal rotor, such as Fig. 2 a
Shown in 2b.
In the case of surface mounted magnets, it is advantageous to have high-permeability material piece outside magnet, such as institute in Fig. 2 b
Show, so as to preferably turn to magnetic flux from air gap.
Rotor body 6 for rotation with armature spindle 9 be rigidly connected, the armature spindle 9 will likely by gear-box with for example
The wheel axis connection of vehicle.
Also illustrate how motor has device 10, which is arranged so that stator winding 4 and AC power supplies or receiver
Connection, in the case of railroad vehicle motor, the AC power supplies or receiver are the diesel driven hairs of AC supply lines or vehicle 11
Motor (schematically illustrates).However, it is contemplated that any kind of AC power supplies, and alternating current can be generated by inverter well,
The inverter is connect with the direct voltage source in its other side, such as is controlled according to pulse width modulation pattern.Box in Fig. 1
12 indicate the control device for motor, such as converter, and here, the AC power supplies is indicated by box 13.In the present invention, " AC
Receiver " refers to the case where motor operates in generator mode.
The air gap 14 that rotor 5 is arranged between rotor body 6 and stator body 3 is illustrated in Fig. 1, and makes magnetic
The air gap is crossed all and is passed through between the permanent magnet of rotor body and the stator poles of stator body, to be operated in the motor of motor
It is middle to apply driving torque to rotor, and supplied electric power to stator winding in the generator operation of motor.The magnetic air gap magnetic flux
It is indicated by the solid arrow A in Fig. 1.Motor further includes the ring 15,16 of the material with high magnetic permeability, and the ring 15,16 is in rotor
Each end relative to rotor body concentrically about rotor rotation axis 7 position.These rings 15,16 by the magnet steel that is laminated or
Soft-magnetic composite material is made, and is arranged so that the flux steering from permanent magnet, to guide through the ring, rather than passes through
The air gap, as shown in the dotted arrow B in Fig. 1.These rings can be relative to rotor body at least two different positions
Between move, in the two different positions, they are arranged so that the big ratio of the difference in the magnetic flux from permanent magnet
Example part is diverted through, and illustrates how ring 15,16 moves into closer to rotor in figure 3, so that coming from permanent magnet
The magnetic flux greater proportion part turn to, as shown by arrow (being at this moment solid line) so that air-gap flux substantially reduces,
(being at this moment dotted line) as shown by arrow A.The movement of ring can by it is any it is conceivable in a manner of realize, such as pass through spiral shell
Line, and the movement of ring can be manually implemented, or realized by the device 70 being arranged in motor.Then, this control dress
Temperature can be depended on by setting, and be arranged so that ring is moved into closer to rotor body, for making in its temperature reduction
The flux steering for increasing part passes through.These control devices can also be arranged so that ring moves to such position, wherein
Farthest subtract when generating arc discharge or short circuit in any cable or equipment that are connect in stator winding 4 or with stator winding
Pass through the magnetic flux of air gap 14 less.
Fig. 4 a and 4b schematically illustrate each non magnetic pressing plate 17 in each end of rotor how can be designed to pass through by
High-permeability material piece 18 be inserted into the pressing plate in (to reduce the magnetic resistance for the leakage path for leading to corresponding laminated steel ring 15,16) and
Increase effect.
Fig. 5-8 schematically illustrates motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention, it is at so-called unilateral axial-flux electric machine
Form, which has rotor body 20 and stator body 21, the rotor body 20 and stator body 21 be arranged with relative to
The air gap 22 of the rotation axis 23 of rotor axially between them.Here, rotor body has annular element 24, has height
The ring 25,26 of the material of magnetic conductivity is arranged in along the annular element 24 in the annular element 24, and along rotor body
The annular element be arranged in its outside.The magnetic of the permanent magnet in rotor is illustrated by arrow A in fig. 5 and fig.
It is logical how to guide through the air gap and relatively high, because ring 25,26 is in such position, in this position, they
Any apparent part of the magnetic flux from permanent magnet cannot be made to be diverted through.But, ring 25,26 can be relative to the rotation of rotor
Axis is axially moved relative to rotor body toward and away from air gap 22, the difference for making the magnetic flux from permanent magnet
Large scale part is diverted through, and illustrates how ring moves to such position in figures 7 and 8, in this position, from forever
The quite high proportional parts of the magnetic flux of magnet is diverted through ring (see arrow B), rather than passes through the air gap.
Fig. 9 schematically illustrates motor according to a third embodiment of the present invention, which has similar with shown in Fig. 5-8 set
Meter, the difference is that the motor is bilateral axial flux permanent magnet motor, rather than unilateral axial flux permanent magnet motor.Here,
Ring 35,36 is shown functionally in and the position corresponding in Fig. 7 so that the sizeable proportion portion of the magnetic flux from permanent magnet
Divide and be turned through these rings, rather than passes through air gap 32.
Figure 10 and 11 schematically illustrates motor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and the motor is also at axial-flux electric machine
Form, but wherein, external rings 46 be divided into relative to motor rotation axis 43 can radial motion two components 461With 462。
In position shown in Fig. 10, permanent magnet air-gap flux A will be very high, and annular element 46 shown in Figure 111,462Position
In, air-gap flux A will be relatively low, and guiding is passed through the ring by the significant fraction of the magnetic flux from permanent magnet, as by arrow B institutes
Show.
Figure 12 and 13 illustrates motor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, which has into the institute of 50 form of ferromagnetic powder
Reagent is stated, which is stored in the container 51 inside shell 52, which surrounds 53 He of stator with stator winding 54
Rotor 55 with permanent magnet 56, which is arranged to discharge when arc discharge occurs, as shown in Figure 13, to reach gas
57 region of gap reduces the magnetic flux by air gap for the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet by bridging rotor.
A kind of to select to be to use iron as the powder 50 inside container 51, at this moment particle is small-sized, preferably
It is between 0.1mm and 5mm.The powder being fabricated from iron has the danger that iron oxide is formed when moisture enters container, this will make
Obtain iron particle caking.A kind of possible mode for solving the problems, such as this is to coat the iron particle, such as varnish with lacquer, plastics etc., is used for
Avoid oxidation and the caking.Also it may be selected or furthermore it is possible to arrange do not have the device of moisture, and the dress for holding container
Superpressure can be generated or including heating element or drier by setting.Container can also be gas-tight seal, to avoid the moisture problem.
Chemically inert other ferromagnetic materials (such as ferritic stainless steel or martensitic stain less steel) can be used for preventing from luming, so as to
Carrying out holding container without the use of described device does not have moisture.
Moreover, container is preferably made from a material that be electrically non-conductive, such as timber, paper, glass or plastics.When container is by conduction material
Material is when being made, and needs to be blown into/suck device in air gap by the ferromagnetic powder, because the magnetic field of rotor/stator cannot enter
The container.
Container will lock or gas-tight seal in normal operating state, and be opened when arc discharge occurs.It can use
Any kind of electricity, chemically or mechanically driving device realizes the purpose.
There can also be detection that the device of arc discharge occurs, which is preferably arranged in shell 52.This device can
To be that can detect any types sensor of electric arc, such as any kind of optical detection device, magnetic detection device, active oxygen
(O3) detection device.The device is preferably disposed to close to air gap.
Device can also be arranged in outside motor, and be connect at least one electric phase line (phase line) of motor, with
Just it is significantly interfered in motor operation and any types of the detection in current or voltage when there is arc discharge.Detect arc discharge
Other selections be to measure other electrical parameters, such as resistance, capacitance and/or inductance.
Moreover, the device for detecting arc discharge will be connect with control device, which can be in arc discharge
In the case of control opening/release of aforementioned ferromagnetic powder.
Finally, Figure 14-17 very schematically shows a part for motor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention,
In, the bar 60 of high-permeability material is pivotally arranged in rotor 61, and can be moved relative to the permanent magnet 62 of rotor,
Change the magnetic by air gap will pass through the amount that magnetic flux of the change from permanent magnet is lost due to leakage and in rotor body
It is logical.More precisely, in the case of arc discharge, the bar 60 of high-permeability material will pivot, to increase metal bridge
(iron bridge), so that more losses of magnetic flux 72 extremely leak.The embodiment is additionally provided with the dress for detecting arc discharge
Set the control (as in other embodiments of the invention) and for the movement of control pivot element (bar 60) in arc discharge
Device.Normal operating position shown in Figure 14 can be maintained at by for example short pin or another suitable components by pivoting bar 60
It sets.When needing to reduce magnetic flux, pivot bar 60 by from the holding releases of the pin, then influenced by centrifugal force and
Reduce position towards magnetic flux shown in Figure 15 to pivot.Centrifugal force will ensure that bar at least takes this under the high rotating speed of rotor
Position, i.e., when really needing reduction magnetic flux.Once release, some or all bars are in an intermediate position under low speed and middling speed to be gone back
It is that normal operating position (shown in Figure 14) is all unimportant.
Certainly, the invention is not limited in above-described embodiments, but in the present invention for not departing from appended claims
In the case of range, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand a variety of possible versions.
So that with high magnetic permeability material at least one component be disposed relative to rotor body positioning (so as to
So that the magnetic flux from permanent magnet passes through the air gap) it is also within the scope of the invention, which will arrange when manufacturing motor
In fixed position, and even if the position can not be changed when motor does not operate, although being preferably capable of making in many cases
The component movement is obtained, to change the ratio for the magnetic flux for being diverted through it.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of motor, including:
There is stator body (3), stator winding (4) to be wrapped on the stator body, be arranged to for stator (2), the stator
Electricity generates the multiple stator poles arranged around the periphery of stator body,
It is arranged so that the attachment device (10) that stator winding is connect with AC power supplies or receiver (13);And
Rotor (5), the rotor are rotatably arranged relative to stator, and have rotor body (6), and the rotor body has
The multiple permanent magnets (8) being received in rotor body;
The rotor is arranged to the air gap (14) between rotor body (6) and stator body (3), and magnetic flux is being turned
By the air gap between the permanent magnet of sub- ontology and the stator poles of stator body, so as in the operation of the motor of motor to rotor
Apply driving torque, and power to stator winding in the generator operation of motor,
It is characterized in that, motor further include have high magnetic permeability material constitute at least one component (15,16,25,26,35,
36,46,60) or reagent (50), the component or reagent are disposed relative to rotor body (6) and are positioned to by making a part
Flux steering is guided by the component or reagent rather than from permanent magnet and is reduced from permanent magnetism by the air gap at guiding
For the magnetic flux of body by the air gap (14), the component or reagent (15,16,25,26,35,36,46,50) can be relative to rotors
Ontology (6) moves between at least two different locations, and in the position, component or reagent are arranged so as to come from permanent magnet
The flux steerings of different large scale parts pass through, motor further includes being arranged to make at least one component relative to turning
The telecontrol equipment (70) that sub- ontology (6) moves between the different location, and the telecontrol equipment (70)) it is arranged to when in institute
State when that arc discharge or short circuit are generated in stator winding or any cable being connect with the stator winding or equipment make it is described
At least one component or reagent (50) move to the position for maximally reducing the magnetic flux by the air gap relative to rotor body.
2. motor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The telecontrol equipment (70) is arranged to by making it by exploding
Material or chemical reaction substance are made and what is carried out chemically reacts while quickly increasing the volume of at least one component and making
Obtain at least one component movement.
3. motor according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:The motor includes control unit, described control unit
It is arranged to control the telecontrol equipment (70), to make at least one component movement in motor operation, is used for
Change the ratio that the magnetic flux guiding from permanent magnet (8) passes through the air gap (14).
4. according to the motor described in aforementioned any one claim, it is characterised in that:At least one component is by magnetic conductivity
≥10μ0(μ0=space permeability) material be made.
5. according to the motor described in any one of claim 2-4, it is characterised in that:At least one component be ring (15,
16,25,26,35,36,46), the ring is disposed relative to rotor body and is concentrically positioned around the rotation axis of rotor, so as to
So that the flux steering from permanent magnet (8), to which guiding is by the ring, rather than passes through the air gap (14).
6. motor according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:The ring (15,16,25,26,35,36,46) is by stacking magnetic
Steel or soft-magnetic composite material are made.
7. according to the motor described in claim 5 and 6, it is characterised in that:The motor includes radially adjacent to the air gap (14)
, in an axial end portion of rotor body (6) or the ring (15,16) of two axial end portions.
8. motor according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:Each ring (15,16) can be toward and away from rotor body
(6) it is axially moved, for making the different large scale parts from permanent magnet (8) according to a distance from the rotor body
The flux steering passes through.
9. according to the motor described in claim 5 and 7, it is characterised in that:The ring is arranged to be attached at rotor by magnetic force
On the axial surface of ontology (6), and rotated together with rotor body.
10. according to the motor described in any one of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that:Rotor body (20) and stator body
(21) it is arranged so that the air gap (22) is axial between rotor body and stator body relative to the rotation axis of rotor, and
At least one component (25,26,35,36) is placed close to the air gap.
11. according to the motor described in claim 5 and 10, it is characterised in that:Rotor body has annular element (24), and described
Ring (25,26) is arranged in along the annular element of rotor body in the annular element, and/or along the ring of rotor body
Shape component is arranged in the outside of the annular element.
12. motor according to claim 11, it is characterised in that:Each ring (25,26,35,36) can be relative to rotor
Rotation axis be axially moved toward and away from the air gap relative to rotor body, for so that the difference from permanent magnet is big
The flux steering of proportional parts passes through.
13. motor according to claim 11, it is characterised in that:At least one ring (25,26,35,36,46) is divided into
At least two components, at least two component can relative to rotor rotation axis relative to rotor body toward and away from institute
Rotor body radial motion is stated, for making the flux steering of the different large scale parts from permanent magnet pass through.
14. motor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The motor includes the reagent, and the reagent includes iron
Magnetic powder (50), the ferromagnetic powder are stored in the internal container (51) of shell (52), the shell surround stator (53) and
Rotor (55), the reagent is arranged to discharge when arc discharge occurs, to reach the air gap region, for passing through bridge joint
The magnetic pole of the permanent magnet (56) of rotor and reduce the magnetic flux by air gap (57).
15. motor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:At least one component (60) is arranged in rotor (61)
Inside, and can be moved relative to the permanent magnet (62) of rotor, change the magnetic flux from permanent magnet due to leakage to will pass through and
The amount lost in rotor body and change the magnetic flux by air gap (57).
16. use of the motor according to aforementioned any one claim in driving device, the driving device are used for
Generate the tractive force of railroad vehicle.
17. a kind of railroad vehicle, the railroad vehicle has the driving device of the tractive force for generating the railroad vehicle, institute
It includes at least one motor according to any one of claim 1-15 to state driving device.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE1650876-4 | 2016-06-21 | ||
| SE1650876 | 2016-06-21 | ||
| PCT/EP2017/065059 WO2017220560A1 (en) | 2016-06-21 | 2017-06-20 | An electric machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108702074A true CN108702074A (en) | 2018-10-23 |
| CN108702074B CN108702074B (en) | 2021-02-09 |
Family
ID=59091510
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201780012497.0A Active CN108702074B (en) | 2016-06-21 | 2017-06-20 | Electric machine |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10811941B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3378146B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN108702074B (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2773200T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2017220560A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2567671A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-24 | Rolls Royce Plc | Permanent magnet electrical machine |
| US20210328481A1 (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2021-10-21 | Trane International Inc. | Permanent magnet motor harmonic filter |
| CN113852220B (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2023-04-07 | 广东美的生活电器制造有限公司 | Motor and food processor |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040251765A1 (en) * | 2003-06-16 | 2004-12-16 | Kevin Dooley | Method and apparatus for controlling an electric machine |
| JP2007221881A (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2007-08-30 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Rotary electric machine |
| US20080238220A1 (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2008-10-02 | General Electric Company | Fault-tolerant permanent magnet machine with reconfigurable stator core slot flux paths |
| CN104767339A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-07-08 | 吉林大学 | Excitation adjustable type permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| DE102014212872A1 (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2016-01-07 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Electric machine with mechanical field weakening and fail-safe actuator |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6700242B2 (en) | 2000-12-28 | 2004-03-02 | Hideo Kawamura | Magnetic flux controls for permanent-magnet motor-generator |
| US7541705B2 (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2009-06-02 | General Electric Company | Fault-tolerant permanent magnet machine with reconfigurable flux paths in stator back iron |
| HRP20110305A2 (en) * | 2011-04-26 | 2012-10-31 | Daniel Zrno | Synchronous multi-pole motor without brushes with stationary armature and excitation windings |
| WO2013146433A1 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-03 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Rotating electrical machine |
| JP2018014786A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-25 | ファナック株式会社 | Electric motor with power generation and power supply function at coil end part |
-
2017
- 2017-06-20 EP EP17731547.0A patent/EP3378146B1/en active Active
- 2017-06-20 ES ES17731547T patent/ES2773200T3/en active Active
- 2017-06-20 CN CN201780012497.0A patent/CN108702074B/en active Active
- 2017-06-20 US US16/066,546 patent/US10811941B2/en active Active
- 2017-06-20 WO PCT/EP2017/065059 patent/WO2017220560A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040251765A1 (en) * | 2003-06-16 | 2004-12-16 | Kevin Dooley | Method and apparatus for controlling an electric machine |
| JP2007221881A (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2007-08-30 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Rotary electric machine |
| US20080238220A1 (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2008-10-02 | General Electric Company | Fault-tolerant permanent magnet machine with reconfigurable stator core slot flux paths |
| DE102014212872A1 (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2016-01-07 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Electric machine with mechanical field weakening and fail-safe actuator |
| CN104767339A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-07-08 | 吉林大学 | Excitation adjustable type permanent magnet synchronous motor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2773200T3 (en) | 2020-07-09 |
| WO2017220560A1 (en) | 2017-12-28 |
| EP3378146B1 (en) | 2019-12-04 |
| US20190157946A1 (en) | 2019-05-23 |
| CN108702074B (en) | 2021-02-09 |
| EP3378146A1 (en) | 2018-09-26 |
| US10811941B2 (en) | 2020-10-20 |
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