CN108700616A - Current sensor and battery with this current sensor - Google Patents

Current sensor and battery with this current sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108700616A
CN108700616A CN201680080222.6A CN201680080222A CN108700616A CN 108700616 A CN108700616 A CN 108700616A CN 201680080222 A CN201680080222 A CN 201680080222A CN 108700616 A CN108700616 A CN 108700616A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
current
temperature
value
voltage
electric conductor
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Granted
Application number
CN201680080222.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108700616B (en
Inventor
K.特尔曼
P.考普
E.赖默
C.齐瓦诺波洛斯
L.洛伦茨
S.贝格曼
K.C.梁
A.吕勒
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of CN108700616A publication Critical patent/CN108700616A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/20—Modifications of basic electric elements for use in electric measuring instruments; Structural combinations of such elements with such instruments
    • G01R1/203—Resistors used for electric measuring, e.g. decade resistors standards, resistors for comparators, series resistors, shunts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/32—Compensating for temperature change
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/18—Printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components
    • H05K1/181—Printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components associated with surface mounted components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/44—Modifications of instruments for temperature compensation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10007—Types of components
    • H05K2201/10151—Sensor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to one kind having electric conductor(10)Current sensor, the first electric current(I)It can be parallel to first direction by the electric conductor(R1)Ground flow, also, the electric conductor include three along the first direction(R1)Directly successive region(21,22,23).Three regions(21,22,13)In intermediate region(22)With following conductor cross sectional areas, the conductor cross sectional area is less than three regions(21,22,13)In two perimeters(21,23)In the conductor cross sectional area of each.The voltage sensor of the current sensor is configured to, and measurement is applied to two terminal(41,42)Between first voltage.The first voltage is equal in measured zone(22,25)The voltage of upper decline, the measured zone overlap at least partly with the intermediate region 22.The assessment unit of the current sensor is configured to, according to the current voltage value of the first voltage and according to the measured zone(22,25)First resistor, pre-defined resistance value determine first electric current(I)Present current value.

Description

Current sensor and battery with this current sensor
The present invention relates to a kind of current sensor with electric conductor, the first electric current can be parallel to by the electric conductor Flow to first direction.The present invention also relates to a kind of printed board unit, the printed board unit has printed circuit This current sensor of plate and arrangement on the printed circuit board.In addition, the present invention relates to a kind of battery, the battery tool There are multiple battery modules and at least one current sensor above-mentioned, the battery module to be respectively provided at least one battery electricity Core.Here, battery preferably includes at least one printed board unit above-mentioned, the printed board unit has at least one A printed circuit board is disposed at least one current sensor on the printed circuit board.
Background technology
A kind of known current sensor with electric conductor, the first electric current can pass through the electric conductor from the prior art It flows with being parallel to first direction.Here, current sensor is configured to, the present current value of the first electric current is determined.
Known a kind of printed board unit from 10 2,009 011 538 A1 of file DE, the printed circuit board list Member includes adhesive composition.Here, adhesive composition has good electric conductivity.Known a kind of electronics from this file Circuit, the electronic circuit are usually made by the way that layers of copper to be applied on substrate.
Known a kind of printed board unit from 10 2,008 061 051 A1 of file DE, the printed circuit board list Member has conductive printed conductor and electronic component.Here, printed conductor has layers of copper.In addition, known from same file A kind of printed board unit with electronic component, the electronic component pass through adhesive composition and printed board unit Printed circuit board, the printed conductor connection of at least one conduction.
A kind of known adhesive tape or adhesive foil from 697 32 004 T2 of file DE, the adhesive foil is as adhesive layer Substrate suitable for semiconductor connection.Here, adhesive layer has copper foil to improve electric conductivity.Adhesive layer be used to install integrated Semiconductor circuit.
Invention content
According to the present invention, a kind of current sensor with electric conductor is provided, the first electric current can pass through the conduction Body flows with being parallel to first direction.Electric conductor includes three direct successive regions along a first direction.Here, described three There is a conductor cross sectional area, the conductor cross sectional area to be less than two in three regions for intermediate region in region The conductor cross sectional area of each in a perimeter.The voltage sensor of current sensor include two terminals and by It is configured to, measures the first voltage being applied between described two terminals.So arrange described two terminals so that at two Between terminal, the minimum line segment that is conductively connected partly extends in measured zone, also, first voltage is equal in the survey The voltage declined on amount region.Here, measured zone is overlapped with intermediate region or with the subregion of intermediate region.In addition, electric The assessment unit of flow sensor is configured to, according to the current voltage value of first voltage and according to the first electricity of measured zone Resistance, pre-defined resistance value determines the present current value of the first electric current.
Dependent claims show the present invention, preferred modification.First remodeling scheme according to the present invention, two Perimeter respectively includes electric conductor, different ends in two ends that first direction extends.Here, Each contact surface between one in intermediate region and two perimeters perpendicular to first direction extends.In addition, leading The conductors cross change procedure of electric body along a first direction is discontinuous at each contact surface(unstetig).
According to the present invention, the second preferred modification, the conductor cross sectional area of intermediate region and two outside areas The quotient of conductor cross sectional area in each of domain is less than or equal between 0.1 and 0.9,0.1 integral multiple.It can replace Generation ground or additionally, intermediate region, be parallel to first direction extension length and intermediate region conductor cross sectional area Quotient be less than 1.6 with first length unit inverse product.Here, illustrate the length unit of the length of intermediate region with First length unit is consistent.In addition, illustrate the square measure of the conductor cross sectional area of intermediate region with for square first Length unit is consistent.Second preferred modification can be combined with the first preferred modification and/or its configuration.
According to the present invention, the preferred modification of third, electric conductor is plate.Alternatively, or additionally, institute It is constant to state the height change process of electric conductor along a first direction.The preferred modification of third can with it is other, preceding One or more and/or its configuration stated in preferred modification combines.
According to the present invention, the 4th preferred modification, electric conductor is in the fringe region for being parallel to first direction extension In there is recess portion, the profile of the recess portion to be made of three directly successive sub- profiles.Here, the first He in the sub- profile Second sub- profile abuts directly against different one in described two perimeters respectively.In addition, the third in the sub- profile Sub- profile parallel extends in first direction and abuts directly against the intermediate region.4th preferred modification can be with other , one or more and/or its configuration combination in aforementioned preferred modification.
With regard to according to the 4th preferred modification, for current sensor above-mentioned, the first and/or second sub- profile is excellent Choosing is respectively relative to first direction and extends at an acute angle, right angle or obtuse angle at least partly.Each acute angle above-mentioned for example can With an angle value, the angle value is preferably between 45 ° and 90 ° and further preferably between 55 ° and 85 °.Each Obtuse angle above-mentioned can for example have an angle value, and the angle value is preferably between 90 ° and 135 ° and further preferably Between 95 ° and 130 °.In addition, the first and/or second sub- profile can respectively at least partially have linear change procedure. Alternatively, or additionally, the first and/or second sub- profile can respectively at least partially have curved change procedure.
For current sensor above-mentioned, the conductor cross sectional area of the intermediate region of electric conductor is less than the two of electric conductor Conductor cross sectional area in each of a perimeter, also, therefore the conductor cross sectional area of measured zone again smaller than leading Conductor cross-sectional area in each of two perimeters of electric body.Therefore, the first electricity of the measured zone of sensor above-mentioned It is big in this case to hinder ratio:In the described situation, the conductor cross sectional area of measured zone is more than or equal to electric conductor Conductor cross sectional area in each of two perimeters.It is advantageous that the expansion of the first resistor of measured zone is led Cause the expansion of the voltage value of voltage declined in measured zone, also, therefore cause first voltage, wait for by voltage sensor The expansion for the voltage value that device measures.Here, first voltage, wait for that the expansion of the voltage value measured by voltage sensor leads to phase To measurement error reduction, the measurement error is first voltage, waits for the survey of the voltage value measured by voltage sensor Measure error.
According to the present invention, the 5th preferred modification, the measured zone are overlapped with the intermediate region.Here, Described two terminals are arranged in different one in described two perimeters.In addition, in described two terminals Between, the line segment that is conductively connected of the minimum extends on the electric conductor completely.Alternatively, the measured zone and institute It states intermediate region or is overlapped with the subregion of the intermediate region.Here, described two terminals are disposed in the electric conductor It is external.In addition, the minimum part for being conductively connected line segment is configured to measure traverse line, the part is not in the measurement zone Extend on domain, the measure traverse line extends in the external of the electric conductor.5th preferred modification can with it is other, preceding One or more and/or its configuration stated in preferred modification combines.
For current sensor above-mentioned, conductive connecting between two terminals of voltage sensor, minimum Section partly extends in measured zone.In addition, the first voltage being applied between two terminals is equal to above and below measured zone The voltage of drop.Therefore, between two terminals, the minimum no voltage on the part of line segment that is conductively connected declines, the portion Divide and does not extend in measured zone.It means that in the case that above-mentioned, the portion of connecting line segment between terminal, minimum Divide and perpendicular to first direction extend, two terminals are respectively disposed in two perimeters of electric conductor in said case Different one in, the part does not extend in measured zone.So that this also can be in this case --- when leading When the conductor cross sectional area of electric body is additionally discontinuous --- it is accomplished, two terminals should be arranged in and be led In the part edge region of a different perimeters in two perimeters of electric body.Here, each perimeter The part face in face that part edge region includes corresponding perimeter, abutting directly against intermediate region, the part face are direct Adjacent electric conductor, external surroundings outside.First electric current, respectively appear in the part edge area of two perimeters Current density in domain can ignore that small.In particular, the first electric current, respectively appear in the part of two perimeters The small multiple quantity of current density in the first electric current of current density ratio in fringe region, other regions for appearing in electric conductor Grade.Therefore, it is flowed on terminal without electric current, the terminal is disposed in two part edge regions.In aforementioned situation Under(In said case, two terminals are arranged in the outside of electric conductor), also flowed on terminal without electric current, because at this In there is no voltage decline on two measure traverse lines, the measure traverse line extends in the external of electric conductor.It is being held when there is no electric current When being flowed on son, electric conductor and terminal can also be made of two different materials in an advantageous manner, following without occurring Damage discuss, two terminals.For example, terminal can be made of copper, also, electric conductor can be made of aluminum.The original of damage Because being, when electric conductor and two terminals are made of two different materials, the electric current flowed on two terminals can draw It plays the local melting of terminal and therefore can result in two different materials and be diffused into one another.
According to the present invention, the 6th preferred modification, current sensor above-mentioned include two temperature sensors, institute Temperature sensor is stated especially to be constructed separately as thermistor.Here, each of described temperature sensor with attach respectively In its, the end in two ends that first direction extends of the measured zone thermally contacts.In addition, each Temperature sensor is configured to, the temperature of end measuring the measured zone, being associated with it.The assessment unit also by It is configured to, determines that the present current value of the first electric current, the parameter are respectively depending on the temperature furthermore according to two parameters The current temperature value of degree, the temperature are measured by different one in the temperature sensor.6th preferably changes Type scheme can be combined with one or more and/or its configuration in other, aforementioned preferred modifications.
According to the present invention, the 7th preferred modification, the electric conductor are made of the first material.Here, institute's commentary Estimate unit to be configured to, the present current value of first electric current is determined as the current voltage value of second voltage and described the The quotient of the current resistive value of one resistance.The assessment unit is configured to, by the current voltage of the second voltage Value is equal to the current value of the first voltage, when described two terminals are disposed in outside the electric conductor, Alternatively, when described two terminals are disposed in the electric conductor inside and are made of first material.The assessment is single Member is configured to, and the second voltage is determined according to the current voltage value of the first voltage and described two parameters The current voltage value, when described two terminals are disposed in inside the electric conductor and by being different from first material The second material when being made.In addition, the assessment unit is configured to, according to the first resistor, pre-defined electricity It hinders and determines the current resistive value of the first resistor with described two parameters.7th preferred modification can be with it He, one or more and/or its configuration combination in aforementioned preferred modification.
For current sensor above-mentioned, electric conductor can be integrated by two perimeter in circuit. This, two perimeters of electric conductor can be with such different configuration, interconnecting piece to circuit so that:When circuit is by When one electric current flows, the temperature of two perimeters is significantly different from each other.Since measured zone and two perimeter heat connect Touch, thus in this case measured zone, perpendicular to first direction extend two ends temperature it is also different from each other.Just It is according to the present invention, the 6th and/or the 7th embodiment current sensor for, measured simultaneously by two temperature sensors And measured zone, two ends above-mentioned temperature is considered when determining the present current value of the first electric current.It improves as a result, Determine the accuracy of the present current value of the first electric current.
According to the present invention, the 8th preferred modification is disposed in inside electric conductor in two terminals and by In the case of made of two materials, the assessment unit is configured to, and determines Seebeck-thermoelectric voltage(Seebeck- Thermospannung)Current voltage value, the Seebeck-thermoelectric voltage is applied between two ends of measured zone. In this case, assessment unit is configured to, according to described first and Seebeck-coefficient of second material (Seebeck-Koeffizienten)And the current voltage value of Seebeck-thermoelectric voltage is determined according to described two parameters, Seebeck-the thermoelectric voltage is applied between two ends of measured zone.In this case, assessment unit is also constructed For the current voltage value of the second voltage being determined as linear combination, the linear combination is in the first voltage The current voltage value and the current voltage value of the Seebeck-thermoelectric voltage between.8th preferred modification It can be combined with one or more and/or its configuration in other, aforementioned preferred modifications.
For the current sensor of the 8th embodiment according to the present invention, in the present current value for determining the first electric current When be also contemplated for Seebeck-coefficients of the first and second materials, when two terminals are disposed in inside electric conductor and by the second material When material is made.The accuracy for the present current value for determining the first electric current is improved as a result,.
According to the present invention, the 9th preferred modification, the assessment unit are configured to, and are determined in the measurement The temperature gradient occurred in region, also, the measured zone is determined according to the temperature gradient and described two parameters The current temperature value of mean temperature.In addition, assessment unit is configured to, according to the mean temperature of the measured zone The current temperature value and predetermined temperature value, according to temperature-coefficient of first material and the first resistor , the pre-defined resistance value determine the current resistive value of the first resistor.Here, the first resistor The current resistive value and the first resistor, in the current temperature value of the mean temperature of the measured zone The resistance value of appearance is consistent.In addition, the pre-defined resistance value of the first resistor and the first resistor, in institute The resistance value occurred when the pre-defined temperature value for stating the mean temperature of measured zone is consistent.9th preferably changes Type scheme can be combined with one or more and/or its configuration in other, aforementioned preferred modifications.
For the current sensor of the 9th embodiment according to the present invention, in the present current value for determining the first electric current When be also contemplated for appearing in temperature-coefficient of temperature gradient and the first material in measured zone.Determination is further improved as a result, The accuracy of the present current value of first electric current.
For the current sensor of the tenth embodiment according to the present invention, the assessment unit is configured to, root According to by the temperature measured by corresponding temperature sensor, time correlation current change procedure and according to required temperature, The Current Temperatures measurement error of each temperature sensor is determined depending on the current change procedure of time.In each temperature of determination Temperature occur when the Current Temperatures measurement error of sensor, desired is such temperature, and the temperature will be by corresponding Temperature sensor is between corresponding temperature sensor and the measured zone, the end that is associated with it without heat The case where transmitting resistance is got off measurement.The assessment unit, which is further configured, to be used for, for each temperature sensor, according to by The current temperature value of temperature measured by corresponding temperature sensor and according to corresponding temperature sensor The Current Temperatures measurement error come the end that determine the measured zone, to be associated with corresponding temperature sensor The current temperature value of the correction temperature in portion.Here, described two parameters respectively with the correction temperature of the end of the measured zone Current temperature value it is consistent, the end is associated with different one in the temperature sensor respectively.Tenth preferably changes Type scheme can be combined with one or more and/or its configuration in other, aforementioned preferred modifications.
For the current sensor of the tenth embodiment according to the present invention, in the present current value for determining the first electric current When be also contemplated for the Current Temperatures measurement error of temperature sensor.The current flow for determining the first electric current is further improved as a result, The accuracy of value.
Current sensor above-mentioned can be disposed between the thin polymer film of two laminations, alternatively, being made into punching press The part of grid.
Aspect of the invention, in addition is related to a kind of printed board unit, and the printed board unit has printing Circuit board, current sensor above-mentioned and contact element.Here, the current sensor is applied in the printed circuit board On.In addition, the contact element is installed at the printed circuit board.Also there is contact element band and two-sided bonding to fill It sets, the band is by conductive material, be especially made of copper, and there are two opposed adhesive surfaces for the bonder tool.In addition, The band is connect with the first perimeter in described two perimeters of the electric conductor of the current sensor.This Outside, the bonder is bonded in the item by the first adhesive surface in described two adhesive surfaces and takes.Jointing material It is made of conductive material, the jointing material is used for the bonder.
Advantageously, the current sensor applied on a printed circuit can for printed board unit above-mentioned It is integrated into circuit by second in two adhesive surfaces of bonder in a manner of simple and cost advantages, it is described Circuit can be flowed by the first electric current.
The present invention, other aspect be related to a kind of battery, the battery have multiple battery modules and it is at least one before The current sensor stated, the battery module are connected in series with and are respectively provided at least one battery battery core, the current sense Device is associated with one in the battery module respectively.Each of described at least one current sensor passes through its electric conductor The first perimeter in described two perimeters and the battery module for being associated with it, predetermined battery battery core Battery battery core terminal connection, also, the second perimeter in the described two perimeters for passing through its electric conductor with it is described It is associated with the connectivity port connection of its battery module.It is connected to each other here, the battery module is connected through port.This Outside, first electric current can flow through the electric conductor of the battery and each current sensor simultaneously.Here, each electric current Sensor can be integrally constructed with the connectivity port for being associated with its battery module, and the current sensor is associated at least One in one battery module.Each current sensor can be configured to individual single-piece, that is to say, that be associated with it The connectivity port of battery module be dividually constructed, the current sensor is associated with one at least one battery module Battery module.
Preferably, battery above-mentioned includes at least one printed board unit above-mentioned.Here, at least one print Each of printed circuit board unit is associated with that battery module in the battery module respectively, is applied to corresponding print The current sensor on the printed circuit board of printed circuit board unit is also associated with that described battery module.Here, The contact element of each printed board unit is viscous by second in described two adhesive surfaces of its bonder in addition Conjunction face is bonded at the battery battery core terminal of the predetermined battery battery core of the battery module, the battery Module is associated with corresponding printed board unit.
Description of the drawings
In the following, will refer to the appended attached drawing of institute describes the embodiment of the present invention in detail.Identical reference numeral is used respectively In identical component and parameter.Each component and each parameter be described respectively it is primary and when repeating respectively by as known Ground processing, it is corresponding in the description section no matter each corresponding description section is related to which width attached drawing or which embodiment Component or corresponding parameter repeatedly occur.It is shown in the accompanying drawings:
The three-dimensional view of the electric conductor of the current sensors of Fig. 1 according to the first embodiment of the invention,
The first temperature of Fig. 2, time correlation change procedure and other, time correlation temperature changing process, described the One temperature is measured by the temperature sensor of current sensor according to first embodiment,
The first battery modules of Fig. 3, three-dimensional partial view, first battery module have according to the present invention first to implement The current sensor of mode,
The second battery modules of Fig. 4, three-dimensional partial view, second battery module have according to the present invention second to implement The current sensor of mode,
Fig. 5 has the printed circuit board of the current sensor of according to the present invention first or second embodiment, and
The side view of Fig. 6 third battery modules, the third battery module have it is shown in fig. 5 go out printed circuit board list Member.
Specific implementation mode
Fig. 1 shows the stereopsis of current sensor according to the first embodiment of the invention, plate electric conductor 10 Figure.By electric conductor 10, the first electric current I flows in which can be parallel to first direction R1.Therefore, the first electric current I can be along One direction R1 flows.Alternatively, the first electric current I can be flowed against first direction R1.During percolation electric conductor 10, the Maximum current value can be presented in one electric current I during the period of the duration of such as 10s, and the maximum current value is, for example, 450A。
Electric conductor 10 is made of the first material, such as aluminium(AL3003 H18).
Electric conductor 10 is plate and there is a length, the length to extend with being parallel to first direction R1.In addition, leading Electric body 10 includes three direct successive regions 21,22,23 R1 along a first direction, and the region includes intermediate region 22 and two A perimeter 21,23.Here, intermediate region 22 abuts directly against the first perimeter 21 and the second perimeter 23.Two outer Portion region 21,23 respectively includes electric conductor 10, different one in two ends that first direction R1 extends. Each contact surface between one in intermediate region 22 and two perimeters 21,23 extends perpendicular to first direction R1. Perimeter 21,23 is respectively provided with identical length D, and the length is different from the length A of intermediate region 22.Perimeter 21, 23 are respectively provided with one and the same width C, the width B of different size in intermediate region 22.
Electric conductor 10 and therefore three regions 21,22,23 are also respectively provided with constant height E.
Electric conductor 10 includes the recess portion 30 of U-shaped, and the profile of the recess portion is by directly successive three sub- profiles 31,32,33 It constitutes.Three sub- profiles 31,32,33 include the first sub- profile 31 and the second sub- profile 33 and the sub- profile 32 of third, and described the One sub- profile and the second sub- profile extend with being respectively perpendicular to first direction R1, and the sub- profile parallel of third is in first direction R1 Ground extends.First sub- profile 31 abuts directly against the first perimeter 21.Second sub- profile 33 abuts directly against the second perimeter 23. The sub- profile of third 32 abuts directly against intermediate region 22.Due to the presence of recess portion 30, the width B of intermediate region 22 is significantly less than each The width C of perimeter 21,23.Therefore, the conductor cross sectional area of intermediate region 22 be also significantly less than each perimeter 21, 23 conductor cross sectional area.
Between the length A of intermediate region 22, the width B of intermediate region 22 and the height E of electric conductor 10, such as it can deposit In the first hereinafter illustrated relational expression(1):
(1).
In relational expression(1)In, the first length unit is indicated with L0, first length unit and a length unit one It causes, illustrates the height of the length A of intermediate region 22, the width B and electric conductor 10 of intermediate region 22 respectively with the length unit Spend E.
It for example can have between the width C and the length D of each perimeter 21,23 of each perimeter 21,23 Hereinafter the second illustrated relational expression(2):
(2).
Current sensor according to first embodiment includes voltage sensor, and there are two terminals for the voltage sensor tool 41,42 and be configured to measure first voltage, the first voltage be applied between two terminals 41,42 and at the same time Decline in the measured zone of electric conductor 10.In addition, current sensor includes assessment unit(It is not shown), the assessment unit is by structure It makes and is used for, the present current value of the first electric current I is determined according to the current voltage value of first voltage.
For current sensor according to first embodiment, measured zone is overlapped with intermediate region 22.Therefore, under Wen Zhong is also that measured zone uses reference numeral 22 for current sensor according to first embodiment.
Two terminals 41,42 can for example be made of the second material different from the first material, especially be made of copper.
Two terminals 41,42 include the first terminal 41 being arranged in the first perimeter 21 and are arranged in the second outside area Second terminal 42 in domain 23.Two terminals 41,42 are so disposed respectively in the marginal portion of corresponding perimeter 21,23 In region so that it is between two terminals 41,42, minimum be conductively connected line segment 35 abut directly against recess portion 30 profile and There are one tools and length identical with the profile of recess portion 30, the edge portion area abut directly against recess portion 30.Due to centre The length A in region 22 is less than between terminal 41,42, the minimum length for being conductively connected line segment 35, therefore in terminal 41,42 Between geometric distance again smaller than the length for being conductively connected line segment 35 between terminal 41,42, minimum.
The part for being conductively connected line segment 35 between two terminals 41,42, minimum extends along intermediate region 22, Also, extend with being parallel to first direction R1.The part for being conductively connected line segment 35 between two terminals 41,42, minimum Extend along two perimeters 21,23, also, extend perpendicular to first direction R1, the part is not in intermediate region Extend on 22.For this reason, the first voltage being applied between two terminals 41,42 is equal to following voltages, the voltage Therefore also decline on intermediate region 22 and in measured zone 22.
The current density that the current density of first electric current I substantially less than usually occurs in electric conductor 10, described first The current density of electric current I occurs in two perimeters 21,23 including two terminals 41,42 edge portion area.The One electric current I, the current density that occurs in these edge portion areas for example can be than usually occurring in electric conductor 10 Small four to five orders of magnitude of current density.Therefore, it is flowed via two terminals 41,42 without electric current, avoids terminal as a result, 41,42 local melting and occur herein, the first and second materials enter mutual diffusion.
Since the presence of recess portion 30 realizes, the conductor cross sectional area of intermediate region 22 is significantly less than each perimeter 21,23 conductor cross sectional area.Therefore, because the presence of recess portion 30 realizes, the first resistor of intermediate region 22 is obviously big In intermediate region 22, the resistance that can occur in this case:In said case, electric conductor 10 does not have recess portion 30.The The expansion of one resistance cause first voltage, wait for the expansion of the voltage value measured by voltage sensor, also, therefore also cause The reduction of the relative measurement error of the voltage value to be measured of first voltage, the relative measurement error is due to voltage sensor , limited resolution ratio and occur.In order to reach first voltage, voltage value to be measured optimum value, needs first resistor Resistance value, the resistance value is for example 7010-6Ω and 40010-6Between Ω.In order to reach first voltage, it is to be measured Voltage value minimum value, need the resistance value of first resistor, the resistance value is for example 2010-6Ω and 5010-6Ω it Between, the minimum value still is able to measure with certain accuracy.
Current sensor according to first embodiment includes two temperature sensors 51,52, the temperature sensor point Thermistor is not configured to it.Two temperature sensors 51, each of 52 respectively with two of measured zone 22 perpendicular to Respective end in the end that first direction R1 extends, to be associated with it is thermally contacted and is configured to, and measures measured zone 22, the temperature of the end that is associated with it.In addition, assessment unit is configured to, the current temperature value also according to temperature and The present current value that the first electric current I is determined according to the Current Temperatures measurement error of two temperature sensors 51,52, by temperature Sensor 51,52 measures the temperature.Each temperature sensor 51,52 can measuring temperature, example can be presented in the temperature Such as it is 0 DEG C(That is, 273.15K)Minimum temperature value and for example, 110 DEG C(That is, 383.15K)Maximum temperature values.
Two temperature sensors 51,52 include the first temperature sensor 51 and second temperature sensor 52.First temperature passes Sensor 51 is disposed in the point of intersection between First Line L1 and the second line L2.First Line L1 is along the first perimeter 21, parallel In its width C extend, also, adjacent first terminal 41, fringe region towards recess portion 30.Second line L2 is along middle area Domain extends, also, the width B of intermediate region 22 is divided into two partial widths, the partial width with being parallel to its length A Length than especially be 1.Here, the length of two partial widths deviates 20% than maximum from 1.52 quilt of second temperature sensor The point of intersection being arranged between the second line L2 and third line L3.Third line L3 along the second perimeter 23, be parallel to its width C Ground extends, also, adjacent Second terminal 42, fringe region towards recess portion 30.By two temperature sensors 51,52, Arrangement above-mentioned realizes, each temperature sensor 51,52 with it is in two ends of intermediate region 22, be associated with it End thermo-contact and therefore with measured zone 22, the end that is associated with it thermally contact, described two end verticals are in the Extend to one direction.Therefore, the first end in two ends of measured zone 22 is associated with the first temperature sensor 51, and And the second end in two ends of measured zone 22 is associated with second temperature sensor 52.
Hereinafter, the determination of the Current Temperatures measurement error to each temperature sensor 51,52 is described in further detail. Here, it should be noted that:Heat between each temperature sensor 51,52 and measured zone 22, the end that is associated with it It transmits resistance and is not equal to zero.In addition, it is to be noted herein that:When electric conductor 10 is by the first electric current I percolations, measurement zone occurs It is actual temperature in each of two ends in domain 22, gradual to increase.
Hereinafter, each temperature sensor is explained in more detail by taking the first temperature sensor 51 as an example and in conjunction with Fig. 2 51,52 behavior, the behavior occur, when electric conductor 10 is by the first electric current I percolations.
When electric conductor 10 is by the first electric current I percolations, the first temperature sensor 51 is measured in its current first temperature that executes When measure the first temperature θ 11, first temperature has the change procedure of time correlation.Fig. 2 shows with time t it is relevant, The change procedure of first temperature θ 11, measures the time as unit of millisecond.In started simultaneously at the first temperature measurement At the end of one delay period △ t11, the current of the actual temperature of the first end of measured zone 22 is just presented in the first temperature θ 11 Temperature value, the first end are associated with the first temperature sensor 51.The axis W θ explanation occurred in fig. 2 by degree Celsius as unit of Temperature value.
Resistance is transmitted due to the heat between the first temperature sensor 51 and the first end of measured zone 22 and is not equal to zero, First temperature θ 11, time correlation change procedure is continuous during the first temperature measures.If in the first temperature sensing Heat between device 51 and the first end of measured zone 22 transmits resistance and is equal to zero, then the first temperature sensor 51 can be in the first temperature Degree measures the first required temperature θ 12 in measuring, first required temperature has to be changed with time correlation, discontinuous Journey.Fig. 2 shows with time t is relevant, change procedure of the first required temperature θ 12.It is started simultaneously at the first temperature measurement And at the end of substantially shorter relative to the first delay period △ t11 the first reaction time section △ t12, needed for first The current temperature value of the actual temperature of the first end of measured zone 22 is just presented in temperature θ 12.First reaction time, section △ t12 were The shortest period, after the period terminates, the first temperature sensor 51 can illustrate by the temperature measured by it Variation.Here, the change procedure of the first required temperature θ 12 is discontinuous at the end of the first reaction time section △ t12, and And it is usually continuous during the first temperature measures.
During the first reaction time section △ t12, the first temperature θ 11 and the first required temperature θ 12 change procedure is Constant.Here, during the first reaction time section △ t12, the first temperature θ 11 and the first required temperature θ 12 are respectively provided with perseverance Fixed temperature value, the temperature value are, for example, 0 DEG C(That is, 273.15K).In addition, terminating it immediately in the first reaction time △ t12 Afterwards and before the first delay period △ t11 terminate, the change procedure strictly monotone of the first temperature θ 11 with time t And increase.In addition, after the first delay period △ t11 terminate, the change procedure of the first temperature θ 11 is constant. Here, after the first delay period △ t11 terminate, the first temperature θ 11 shows stationary temperature value, the temperature Current temperature value of the value equal to the actual temperature of the first end of measured zone 22.Immediately in the first reaction time section △ t12 knots After beam, the change procedure of the first required temperature θ 12 is also constant.Here, terminating immediately in the first reaction time section △ t12 Later, there is the first required temperature θ 12 stationary temperature value, the temperature value to be equal to the reality of the first end of measured zone 22 The current temperature value of temperature.
In conclusion the first temperature sensor 51 measures the first temperature θ 11, first temperature in the measurement of the first temperature With the first Current Temperatures measurement error △ θ 11, the first Current Temperatures measurement error is due in the first temperature sensor 51 It is between the first end of measured zone 22, different from zero heat transmit resistance and generate.Fig. 2 shows related to time t , the change procedure of the first Current Temperatures measurement error △ θ 11.
So the first Current Temperatures measurement error △ θ 11 are determined according to the first temperature θ 11 and the first required temperature θ 12, So that summation, time correlation change procedure has very well reappeared the variation of the time correlation of the first required temperature θ 11 Journey, summation of the summation between the first temperature θ 11 and the first Current Temperatures measurement error △ θ 11.Here, the first temperature θ 11 and the first summation between Current Temperatures measurement error △ θ 11 be equal to measured zone 22 first end the first correction temperature θ13.Fig. 2 shows with time t is relevant, change procedure of the first correction temperature θ 13.
In the measurement of the first temperature, multiple temperature values of the first temperature θ 13 are measured in multiple back to back sampling instants. The first correction temperature θ 13 the correction temperature of a current temperature value θ 13n and first θ 13, between other temperature value θ 13m In the presence of hereinafter illustrated third relational expression(3).Here, the current temperature value θ 13n of the first correction temperature θ 13 are present in In multiple sampling instants, the sampling instant tn that currently occurs.In addition, the first correction temperature θ 13, other temperature value θ 13m It is present in multiple sampling instants, other sampling instant tm, the other sampling instant is in the sampling currently occurred Occur before carving tn.
(3).
In third relational expression(3)In, the first correction factor is indicated with k11, also, with k12 come indicate the second correction because Son.The two correction factors k11, k12 is determined by the first Current Temperatures measurement error △ θ 11.In relational expression(3)In, with θ 11n indicates that the current temperature value of the first temperature θ 11, first temperature are present on the sampling instant tn currently occurred. Relational expression(3)In, indicate in addition the first temperature θ 11, other temperature value, the other temperature value are present in θ 11m Sampling instant tm on.
When electric conductor 10 is by the first electric current I percolations, second temperature sensor 52 is by its currently performed second temperature Second temperature θ 21 is measured when measurement, the second temperature has the change procedure of time correlation.Second temperature measures and the first temperature Degree is measured and is carried out at the same time.In second temperature measurement, the multiple of second temperature θ 21 are measured in multiple back to back sampling instants Temperature value, the sampling instant are consistent with the sampling instant occurred in the measurement of the first temperature.Here, being measured in second temperature In, as defined in being measured in the first temperature corresponding first amount, define second temperature θ 21, second in the same way A current temperature value θ 21n and other temperature value θ 21m of temperature θ 21 and the second required temperature θ 22.In addition, second During temperature measures, corresponding first amount as defined in being measured in the first temperature, second is also defined in the same way and is worked as Preceding thermometric error △ θ 21, measured zone 22 the second correction temperature θ 23, second of the second end correct working as temperature θ 23 Preceding temperature value θ 23n and other temperature value θ 23m.
The second correction temperature θ 23 the correction temperature of current temperature value θ 23n and second θ 23, other temperature value θ 23m Between there is the 4th hereinafter illustrated relational expression(4).
(4).
In the 4th relational expression(4)In, the first other correction factor indicated with k21, also, indicate in addition with k22 The second correction factor.The two correction factors k21, k22 is determined by the second Current Temperatures measurement error △ θ 21.First Correction factor k11 and the first other correction factor k21 is no unit, further, it is possible to it is respectively provided with the value for 25, the second school Positive divisor k12 and the second other correction factor k22 can be respectively provided with as 40ms(That is, 4010-3s)Value.
According to the first embodiment of the invention the assessment unit of current sensor is configured to, as previously described, The first Current Temperatures measurement error △ θ 11 are determined by the first temperature θ 11 and the first required temperature θ 12.In addition, according to this hair The assessment unit of the current sensor of bright first embodiment is configured to, as previously described, by 21 Hes of second temperature θ Second required temperature △ θ 22 determine the second Current Temperatures measurement error △ θ 21.In addition, assessment unit is configured to, by The first Current Temperatures measurement error △ θ 11 determine the first correction factor k11 and the second correction factor k12.Assessment unit also by It is configured to, the first other correction factor k21 and other second is determined by the second Current Temperatures measurement error △ θ 21 Correction factor k22.In addition, assessment unit is configured to, according to relational expression(3)To determine that the first correction temperature θ's 13 is current Temperature value θ 13n, also, according to relational expression(4)To determine the current temperature value θ 23n of the second correction temperature θ 23.
In addition, assessment unit is also configured to, the determining temperature gradient occurred in measured zone 22, also, by Temperature gradient determines constant factor K.Assessment unit is also configured to, according to the 5th hereinafter illustrated relational expression (5)Come determine measured zone 22 mean temperature θ M current temperature value θ M1.According to the 5th relational expression(5), according to it is constant because Sub- K and the flat of measured zone 22 is determined according to current temperature value θ 13n, the θ 23n of the first and second correction temperature θ 13, θ 23 The current temperature value θ M1 of equal temperature θ M.
(5).
In addition, assessment unit is configured to, according to the 6th hereinafter illustrated relational expression(6)To determine measurement zone The current resistive value R1 of the first resistor R in domain 22.According to the 6th relational expression(6), according to current temperature value θ M1 and measured zone 22 Mean temperature θ M, pre-defined temperature value θ M2, according to temperature-COEFFICIENT K θ of the first material of measured zone 22 and The current resistive value R1 of first resistor R is determined according to first resistor R, pre-defined resistance value R2.
(6).
It is, for example, 25 DEG C that the mean temperature θ M of measured zone 22, pre-defined temperature value θ M2, which can have,(That is, 298.15K)Value.It is, for example, less than 0.0023K that the temperature of first material-COEFFICIENT K θ, which can have,-1Value.Per the first material of Kelvin Opposite variation △ K θ/K θ of the temperature of material -- COEFFICIENT K θ for example disclosure satisfy that θ≤1.01 inequality 0.99≤△ K θ/K.First electricity It is, for example, 7010 that resistance value R2 hindering R, pre-defining, which can have,-6The value of Ω.The resistance value of first resistor R can have For example, 16010-6The value of Ω, the resistance value are 110 DEG C in the temperature value of the mean temperature θ M of measured zone 22(That is, 383.15K)When occur.
When two terminals 41,42 are made of the second material, assessment unit is configured to, according to hereinafter illustrated The 7th relational expression(7)To determine that the current voltage value US1 of Seebeck-thermoelectric voltage US, the Seebeck-thermoelectric voltage apply Between two ends of measured zone 22.According to the 7th relational expression(7), according to the first of the first material of electric conductor 10 the plug shellfish Gram-factor alpha 1, according to the second Seebeck-factor alpha 2 of the second material of the two of voltage sensor terminals 41,42 and according to The first and second correction temperature θ 13, θ 23 current temperature value θ 13n, θ 23n determine the current electricity of Seebeck-thermoelectric voltage US Pressure value US1.
(7).
In the 7th relational expression(z)In, have ignored following items, the item and the current temperature value θ in the second correction temperature θ 23 Difference between the current temperature value θ 13n of the corrections of 23n and first temperature θ 13 it is square proportional.First Seebeck-factor alpha 1 Can be 3.510-3The value of V/k.Second Seebeck-factor alpha 2 can be 6.510-3The value of V/k.
When two terminals are made of the second material, assessment unit is configured to, according to hereinafter illustrated the Eight relational expressions(8)To determine the current voltage value UK1 of second voltage UK.Second voltage UK passes through by Seebeck-thermoelectric voltage US corrects first voltage UM to obtain, also, the product equal to the first electric current I and first resistor R.According to the 8th relational expression(8), Second voltage is determined according to the current voltage value US1 of the current voltage value UM1 of first voltage UM and Seebeck-thermoelectric voltage US The current voltage value UK1 of UK.
(8).
7th and the 8th relational expression(7),(8)Suitable for such case:In said case, two terminals 41,42 are by Two materials are made, also, in said case, and R1 flows the first electric current along a first direction.If herein the first electric current I against First direction R1 flowings, then in the 7th and the 8th relational expression(7),(8)The difference of middle appearance can have negative sign, the difference be Difference between the current temperature value θ 13n of the correction temperature of current temperature value θ 23n and first θ 13 of second correction temperature θ 23.
When two terminals are made of the second material, assessment unit is configured to, according to hereinafter illustrated the Nine relational expressions(9)To determine the present current value I1 of the first electric current I.According to the 9th relational expression(9), by the current of the first electric current I Current value I is determined as the quotient of the current resistive value R1 of the current voltage value UK1 and first resistor R of second voltage UK.
(9).
When two terminals 41,42 are made of the first material, assessment unit does not know Seebeck-thermoelectric voltage and by structure Use is made, the present current value I of the first electric current I is determined as to the current of the current voltage value UM1 and first resistor R of first voltage UM The quotient of resistance value R1.
Fig. 3 shows that the first battery module 60, three-dimensional partial view, first battery module have multiple batteries Battery core, current sensor according to the first embodiment of the invention and the first connectivity port 61.So the first battery mould of arrangement The battery battery core of block so that respectively by an arrangement in two battery battery core terminals of each battery battery core in battery battery core Inside the first single face 62 of the first battery module 60.First connectivity port 61 is disposed in the of the first battery module 60 On two faces, second face abuts the first face 62 and perpendicular to its extension.In addition, the first connectivity port 61 is clamped or weldering It is connected at the first battery module 60.In order to by the first battery module 60 and at least one the first other battery module(It is not shown) It is connected in series with, the first connectivity port 61 of the first battery module 60 is via electric current bus-bar or can be at least one via cable Other the first connectivity port connection of each of a the first other battery module.Here, simultaneously such as the first connectivity port 61 of construction And attach it at the first battery module 60 like that, construct each the first other connectivity port simultaneously in the same way And it is installed at the first battery module corresponding, in addition.
The electric conductor 10 of current sensor according to first embodiment is via its first perimeter 21 and the first battery The battery battery core terminal 63 of module 60, predetermined battery battery core connects, also, via its second perimeter 23 and the One connectivity port 61 connects, and the battery battery core terminal 63 is disposed on the first face 62 of the first battery module 60.For letter Change the diagram from Fig. 3, only predetermined battery battery core, the battery battery core terminal 63 that is connect with electric conductor 10 equipped with pair The reference numeral 63 answered.
For the electric conductor 10 gone out shown in fig. 3, i.e., for the electric conductor 10 of the first battery module 60, Neng Goushi Do not go out:Two perimeters 21,23, the intermediate region 22 overlapped with measured zone 22, recess portion 30, two terminals 41,42 and Temperature sensor 51,52, the terminal is especially configured to tip outstanding.Pass through the electric conductor of the first battery module 60 10, the first electric current I R1 or can be flowed against first direction R1 along a first direction.Therefore, pass through the first battery module The first electric current I that 10 electric conductor 10 flows can be charge or discharge electric current.
As previously mentioned, two perimeters of the electric conductor 10 of the first battery module 60 and be configured differently element 63, 61 connections, that is, with the battery battery core terminal 63 of the first battery module 60, predetermined battery battery core and connect with first Port 61 connects, and the battery battery core terminal is disposed in inside the first face 62.For this reason, first battery module 60 The actual temperatures of two perimeters 21,23 of electric conductor 10 is different, and therefore, corresponding measured zone 22, perpendicular to The actual temperature for two ends that first direction R1 extends is also different.Depending on the first battery module 60, predetermined battery electricity Depending on core and the first connectivity port 61 make, between the actual temperature of two ends of this measured zone 22 Difference can be for example between 10 DEG C and 100 DEG C(That is, between 10K and 100K).It is first battery module 60, predetermined Capacity of the make of battery battery core more particularly, to this battery battery core.When the electric conductor 10 of the first battery module 60 and One connectivity port 61 passes through the sealed interconnecting piece of material(Such as by welding or crimping(Crimpen))It is right when being connected to each other E.g., about 10 DEG C of difference between the actual temperature of two ends of the measured zone 22 answered.When leading for the first battery module 60 When electric body 10 and the first connectivity port 61 are connected to each other by plug-in type interconnecting piece, then in the electric conductor 10 of the first battery module 60 And the resistance of the first tie point between connectivity port 61 is more than resistance when using material sealed interconnecting piece.Therefore, exist In this case, the also bigger of the difference between the actual temperature of two ends of corresponding measured zone 22.
Fig. 4 shows that the second battery module 70, three-dimensional partial view, second battery module have according to this hair The current sensor and second connection end mouth 71 of bright second embodiment.Relative to the first battery module 60, the second battery mould Block 70 is the difference is that according to the make of the current sensor of second embodiment and second connection end mouth 71 Make and mounting means.In addition to this, the second battery module 70 is constructed in a manner of identical with the first battery module 60.
According to the current sensor of the first and second embodiments difference lies in two terminals 41,42 and two temperature Spend the arrangement of sensor 51,52.Current sensor according to second embodiment includes intermediate region 25, the middle area Domain is differently defined with respect to the measured zone 22 of the current sensor of first embodiment.According to second embodiment Current sensor include assessment unit, the functionality of the assessment unit is different from assessment unit according to first embodiment Functionality.In addition to this, two kinds of current sensors are constructed in the same way.According to the current sense of second embodiment The electric conductor 10 of device is installed in the same way at the second battery module 70, current sensor according to first embodiment Electric conductor 10 be also installed in this way at first battery module 70.
Second connection end mouth 71 is arranged at the first face 62 of second battery module 70.In order to by the second battery module 70 with adjacent the second other battery module(It is not shown)It is connected in series with, the second connection end mouth 71 can be connected by grafting Socket part is connect with the other second connection end mouth of adjacent the second other battery module.Alternatively, this grafting is substituted to connect Socket part can use welded connection.Here, the other second connection end mouth can be done in the same fashion construction, And at the second other battery module, second connection end 71 as described in construction, and it is mounted on institute It states at the second battery module 70.
For the current sensor according to second embodiment, two terminals 41,42 are disposed in outside electric conductor 10. In addition, according to the subregion weight of the intermediate region 25 of the current sensor of second embodiment and the intermediate region 22 of electric conductor 10 It closes.Here, first terminal 41 via the first measure traverse line 43 and measured zone 25, two extend perpendicular to first direction R1 First end connection in two ends.In addition, Second terminal 42 is via the second measure traverse line 44 and two of measured zone 25 The second end connection in end.
For the current sensor according to second embodiment, connecting line between two terminals 41,42, minimum Section extends in the top of measure traverse line 43,44 and in the top of measured zone 25.It is between two terminals 41,42, minimum Connecting line segment, extending with being partly parallel to first direction R1 of extending in measured zone 25.Due to measure traverse line 43, There is no voltage decline on 44, for the current sensor according to second embodiment, is applied between two terminals 41,42 First voltage is equal to the voltage declined in measured zone 25.
First temperature sensor 51 is thermally contacted with first end in two ends of measured zone 25, to be associated with it. Second temperature sensor 51 is thermally contacted with the second end in two ends of measured zone 25, to be associated with it.Temperature sensing Device 51,52 is arranged to adjacent recess portion 30 respectively.It means that each temperature sensor 51,52 is also configured with use herein In the temperature of end measuring the measured zone 25 of electric conductor 10, being associated with it.
For the current sensor according to second embodiment, electric conductor 10 is not connect with terminal 41,42 directly. Here, electric conductor 10 is connect via two measure traverse lines 43,44 with terminal 41,42.It means that with regard to the second battery module 70 and Speech, terminal 41,42 are respectively provided with temperature, and the temperature is identical as the temperature of the second battery module 70 and is different from measured zone Each temperature of an end in 25 two ends.
Since the temperature of two terminals 41,42 for the current sensor according to second embodiment is identical, then at this Without applying Seebeck-thermoelectric voltage between two terminals 41,42.Therefore, just according to the current sensor of second embodiment For, first voltage is equal to multiplying between the first electric current I and the current resistive value of the first resistor of corresponding measured zone 25 Product.It is configured to according to the assessment unit of the current sensor of second embodiment, the present current value of the first electric current I is true It is set to the quotient of the current voltage value and the current resistive value of the first resistor of corresponding measured zone 25 of first voltage.According to The assessment unit of the current sensor of two embodiments is also configured to, and assessment unit such as according to first embodiment determines The current resistive value of the first resistor of the measured zone 22 of corresponding current sensor like that, determines pair in the same way The first resistor of the measured zone 25 for the current sensor answered.
Fig. 5 shows the fragmentary rear elevation view of the printed board unit with printed circuit board 80, the printed circuit board It is especially fabricated from a flexible material, partlys show the back side 81 of the printed circuit board in Figure 5.In printed circuit board 80 Current sensor according to the first embodiment of the invention is applied on front(It is not shown), the frontoparallel is in the back side 81 Ground extends.Alternatively, the electric current being applied on the front of printed circuit board 80 second embodiment of the invention passes Sensor(It is not shown).
Printed board unit includes contact element 90, and the contact element 90 has carrier element 91, the carrier member Part is installed on the side of printed circuit board 80 and has there are two opposed face, and the side is perpendicular to printed circuit board 80 81 ground of the back side extend.Here, carrier element 91, the back side in two opposed faces adjoining printed circuit board 80 back side 81.In addition, carrier element 91, the adjacent printed circuit board in front in two opposed faces 80 front.
In addition, there is contact element 90 band 92, the band to be made of conductive material.Band 92 is applied in carrier On the back side of element 91.In addition, band 92 is connect with the first perimeter 21 of the electric conductor 10 of current sensor, the electric current Sensor is applied on the front of printed circuit board 80.Band 92 can be for example made of copper, also, in manufacture printed circuit Apply by etching when plate unit.
In addition, contact element 90 includes bonder 95, there are two opposed adhesive surfaces 96 for the bonder tool, described Adhesive surface extends parallel to each other and includes the first adhesive surface and the second adhesive surface 96.Bonder 95 is disposed in carrier member On 91 back side of part, also, it is bonded on band 92 by the first adhesive surface.Here, the jointing material for bonder 90 It is made of conductive material.Bonder 95 is configured to two-sided adhesive tape.Alternatively, in order to manufacture 95 energy of bonder Enough by glue spreading apparatus(Spender)Conductive jointing material is set to be distributed on band 92.
Fig. 6 shows that the side view of third battery module 100, the third battery module have printed circuit board list above-mentioned Member.In addition, third battery module 100 includes multiple battery battery cores(It is not shown), so arrange the battery battery core so that battery Each battery battery core terminal in two battery battery core terminals of each battery battery core in battery core is disposed in third battery Inside the first module 100, single face 101.
So arrangement printed board unit so that the back side 81 of its printed circuit board 80 abuts third battery module 100 The first face 101.Here, 96 quilt of the second adhesive surface that the contact element 90 of printed board unit passes through its bonder 90 At battery battery core terminal that be bonded in third battery module 100, predetermined battery battery core, the battery battery core terminal quilt It is arranged on the first face 101 of third battery module 100.First perimeter 21 of the electric conductor 10 of current sensor as a result, It is connect with the battery battery core terminal of third battery module 100, predetermined battery battery core, the current sensor is applied in On the front 82 of printed circuit board 80, the battery battery core terminal is disposed in the first face 101 of third battery module 100 On.
Third battery module 100 includes third connectivity port(It is not shown), such as the first connectivity port 61 of construction and incite somebody to action It is mounted on the first battery module 60 at, the third connectivity port is constructed and is installed in third in an identical manner At battery module 100.Alternatively, as constructed second connection end mouth 71 and being installed at the second battery module 70 Ground, the third connectivity port are constructed and are installed at third battery module 100 in an identical manner.In addition, electric current The electric conductor 10 of sensor is connect via its second perimeter 23 with the third connectivity port of third battery module 100, described Current sensor is applied on the front 82 of printed circuit board 80.
Therefore, it other than above, written disclosure, is addedly further disclosed with reference to the view in Fig. 1 to 6 The present invention.

Claims (14)

1. having electric conductor(10)Current sensor, the first electric current(I)It can be parallel to first direction by the electric conductor (R1)It flows on ground, which is characterized in that the electric conductor(10)Including three along the first direction(R1)Directly successive area Domain(21,22,23), wherein three regions(21,22,13)In intermediate region(22)With following conductors cross faces Product, the conductor cross sectional area are less than three regions(21,22,23)In two perimeters(21,23)In it is every The conductor cross sectional area of a perimeter, wherein the voltage sensor of the current sensor includes two terminals(41,42) And it is configured to, measurement is applied to described two terminals(41,42)Between first voltage, wherein so arrangement described in Two terminals(41,42)So that in described two terminals(41,42)Between, minimum be conductively connected line segment(35)Partly In measured zone(22,25)Upper extension, the measured zone and the intermediate region(22)Or with the intermediate region(22) Subregion(25)It overlaps, also, the first voltage is equal in the measured zone(22,25)The voltage of upper decline, wherein The assessment unit of the current sensor is configured to, according to the current voltage value of the first voltage and according to the survey Measure region(22,25)First resistor, pre-defined resistance value determine first electric current(I)Present current value.
2. current sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described two perimeters(21,23)It wraps respectively Include the electric conductor(10), perpendicular to the first direction(R1)The different ends of two ends extended, also, in institute State intermediate region(22)With described two perimeters(21,23)In one between each contact surface perpendicular to described first Direction(R1)Ground extends, wherein the electric conductor(10)Along the first direction(R1)Conductors cross change procedure exist It is discontinuous at each contact surface.
3. the current sensor according to any one of claims 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the intermediate region(22) The conductor cross sectional area and described two perimeters(21,23)In each perimeter the conductors cross The quotient of area is less than or equal between 0.1 and 0.9,0.1 integral multiple, and/or, in the intermediate region(22) , be parallel to the first direction(R1)The length of extension(A)With the intermediate region(22)The conductor cross sectional area Between quotient be less than 1.6 with first length unit inverse product, wherein illustrate the intermediate region(22)The length Degree(A)Length unit it is consistent with the first length unit, also, illustrate the intermediate region(22)The conductors cross face Long-pending square measure with for square first length cell it is consistent.
4. current sensor according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that the electric conductor(10)It is plate Shape, and/or, the electric conductor(10)Along the first direction(R1)Height change process be constant.
5. current sensor according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the electric conductor(10)It is being parallel to described first Direction(R1)There is recess portion in the fringe region of extension(30), the profile of the recess portion is by three directly successive sub- profiles(31, 32,33)It constitutes, wherein the sub- profile(31,32,33)In the first and second sub- profiles abut described two outsides respectively Region(21,23)In different one, also, the sub- profile(31,32,33)In the sub- profile parallel of third in described One direction(R1)Extend and abuts directly against the intermediate region(22).
6. current sensor according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that the measured zone(22)With The intermediate region(22)It overlaps, described two terminals(41,42)It is arranged in described two perimeters(21,23)In Different one in, also, in described two terminals(41,42)Between, described minimum be conductively connected line segment(35)It is complete Entirely in the electric conductor(10)Upper extension, alternatively,
The measured zone(25)With the intermediate region(22)Or with the intermediate region(22)Subregion(25)It overlaps, Described two terminals(41,42)It is disposed in the electric conductor(10)Outside, also, the minimum line segment that is conductively connected Part is configured to measure traverse line(43,44), the part is not in the measured zone(25)Upper extension, the measure traverse line exist The electric conductor(10)External extend.
7. current sensor according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that two temperature sensors(51, 52), the temperature sensor is especially constructed separately as thermistor, wherein the temperature sensor(51,52)In it is every A temperature sensor respectively be associated with its, the measured zone(22,25)Two ends in respective end thermo-contact, Also, it is configured to, measures the measured zone(22,25), the temperature of the end for being associated with it(θ11), described Two end verticals are in the first direction(R1)Extend, wherein the assessment unit is configured to, and is joined furthermore according to two It counts to determine first electric current(I)The present current value, the parameter is respectively depending on the temperature(θ11)It is described Current temperature value, the temperature is by the temperature sensor(51,52)In different one measure.
8. current sensor according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the electric conductor(10)It is made of the first material, Also, the assessment unit is configured to, by first electric current(I)Present current value be determined as the current of second voltage The quotient of voltage value and the current resistive value of the first resistor, wherein when described two terminals(41,42)It is disposed in described Electric conductor(10)When external, alternatively, working as described two terminals(41,42)It is disposed in the electric conductor(10)It is internal and by institute When stating the first material and being made, the assessment unit is configured to, and sets the current voltage value of the second voltage to Equal to the current value of the first voltage, also, work as described two terminals(41,42)It is disposed in the electric conductor(10) Internal and when by being made different from the second material of first material, the assessment unit is configured to, according to described The current voltage value of first voltage and described two parameters determine the current voltage value of the second voltage, In, the assessment unit is further configured to, according to the first resistor, pre-defined resistance and described two ginsengs It counts to determine the current resistive value of the first resistor.
9. current sensor according to claim 8, which is characterized in that when described two terminals(41,42)It is disposed in The electric conductor(10)Internal and when being made of second material, the assessment unit is configured to, according to described the One and second material Seebeck-coefficient and determine the current of Seebeck-thermoelectric voltage according to described two parameters Voltage value, also, the current voltage value of the second voltage is determined as linear combination, the Seebeck-thermoelectric voltage It is applied to the measured zone(22)Described two ends between, the linear combination is in the described current of the first voltage Between voltage value and the current voltage value of the Seebeck-thermoelectric voltage.
10. according to any one of them current sensor between claim 8 or 9, which is characterized in that the assessment unit quilt It is configured to, determines in the measured zone(22,25)The temperature gradient of middle appearance, according to the temperature gradient and described two Parameter determines the measured zone(22,25)Mean temperature current temperature value, also, according to the measured zone(22, 25)The mean temperature the current temperature value and predetermined temperature value, first material temperature-coefficient with And the first resistor, the pre-defined resistance value determine the current resistive value of the first resistor, wherein The current resistive value of the first resistor and the first resistor, in the measured zone(22,25)It is described average The resistance value occurred when the current temperature value of temperature is consistent, also, the pre-defined resistance of the first resistor Value with the first resistor, in the measured zone(22,25)The mean temperature the pre-defined temperature value When the resistance value that occurs it is consistent.
11. current sensor according to any one of claims 7 to 10, which is characterized in that the assessment unit is by structure It makes and is used for, according to by corresponding temperature sensor(51,52)Measured temperature(θ11), the current of time correlation changed Journey and according to required temperature(θ12), the current change procedure of time correlation determine each temperature sensor(51,52)'s Current Temperatures measurement error(△θ11), in corresponding temperature sensor(51,52)With the measured zone(22,25), In the case of being associated between its end without heat transmission resistance, by corresponding temperature sensor(51,2)To survey Measure the required temperature, wherein the assessment unit, which is further configured, to be used for, for each temperature sensor(51,52), root According to by corresponding temperature sensor(51,52)Measured temperature(θ11)The current temperature value and according to described Corresponding temperature sensor(51,52)The Current Temperatures measurement error(△θ11)To determine the measured zone(22,25) , be associated with corresponding temperature sensor(51,52)The end correction temperature(θ13)Current temperature value, In, described two parameters respectively with the measured zone(22,25), be associated with the temperature sensor respectively(51,52)In One different ends correction temperature(θ13)Current temperature value it is consistent.
12. having printed circuit board(80)Printed board unit, which is characterized in that according to any one of preceding claims The current sensor and contact element constructed(90), wherein the current sensor is applied in the printed circuit board (80)On, also, the contact element(90)It is installed in the printed circuit board(80)Place and have band(92)With it is double The bonder in face(95), the band is by conductive material, be especially made of copper, and there are two opposed for the bonder tool Adhesive surface(96), wherein the band(92)With the electric conductor of the current sensor(10)Described two outsides Region(21,22)In the first perimeter connection, the bonder(95)Pass through described two adhesive surfaces(96)In One adhesive surface is bonded in the band(92)On, also, jointing material is made of conductive material, the jointing material by with In the bonder(95).
13. battery, the battery has multiple battery modules(60,70,100)With at least one current sensor, the battery Block coupled in series connects and is respectively provided at least one battery battery core, and the current sensor is associated with the battery module respectively (60,70,100)In one and constructed respectively according to any one of claim 1 to 11, wherein it is described at least one Each of current sensor passes through its electric conductor(10)Described two perimeters(21,23)In the first perimeter with The battery module for being associated with it(60,70,100), the battery battery core terminal of predetermined battery battery core(63)Connection, Also, pass through its electric conductor(10)Described two perimeters(21,23)In the second perimeter with described be associated with it Battery module(60,70,100)Connectivity port(61,71)Connection, wherein the battery module(60,70,100)Pass through it Connectivity port(61,71)It is connected to each other, also, first electric current(I)The battery can be flowed through and can be flowed through simultaneously The electric conductor of each current sensor(10).
14. battery according to claim 13, which is characterized in that at least one printing electricity according to claim 12 Road plate unit, wherein each printed board unit at least one printed board unit is associated with described respectively Battery module(100)In that battery module, be applied to the printed circuit board of corresponding printed board unit (80)On the current sensor be also associated with the battery module, wherein the contact of each printed board unit Element(90)Pass through its bonder(95)Described two adhesive surfaces(96)In the second adhesive surface be bonded in the battery Module(100)The predetermined battery battery core the battery battery core terminal at, the battery module is associated with described Corresponding printed board unit.
CN201680080222.6A 2015-11-27 2016-11-18 Current sensor and battery having the same Active CN108700616B (en)

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US11088399B2 (en) 2021-08-10
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EP3380851B1 (en) 2022-05-11
US20200303784A1 (en) 2020-09-24
WO2017089228A1 (en) 2017-06-01

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