CN108697406B - Ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus and ultrasonic information processing method - Google Patents
Ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus and ultrasonic information processing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus (100) measures the hardness of a subject by applying pressure to the subject using an ultrasonic probe (2) that transmits and receives ultrasonic waves and transmitting ultrasonic waves to and from the subject. An ultrasonic diagnostic device (100) is provided with: a transmission unit (12) that transmits a drive signal to the ultrasonic probe (2); a receiving unit (13) that processes a received signal output from the ultrasonic probe (2); a feature amount calculation unit (17) for calculating a plurality of types of feature amounts indicating the pressing state of each frame of the elastic image based on the processed received signal; an evaluation value calculation unit (18) that calculates an evaluation value from the plurality of calculated feature values and generates information on a stable section composed of frames with good compression conditions on the basis of the evaluation value; and a display image generation unit (19) for displaying the generated information of the stable section on a display unit (20).
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus and an ultrasonic information processing method.
Background
Conventionally, there are ultrasonic diagnostic apparatuses that can observe the structure and properties of a tissue by irradiating ultrasonic waves into a subject, receiving reflected waves of the ultrasonic waves, and imaging or analyzing the reflected waves. In ultrasonic diagnosis, a subject can be examined nondestructively and noninvasively.
In addition, a Strain Elastography (Strain Elastography) technique is known as an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, which images a Strain distribution generated by applying pressure to an object of a subject using an ultrasonic probe. In strain elastography, the stiffness of an object (e.g. a tumor) can be evaluated from the difference in relative deformation of the object and a reference (e.g. fat).
Reliable evaluation of hardness requires stable stress on the subject. Against such a background, an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus is known which facilitates selection of a frame in which a user performs uniform compression by associating an acquired frame group with a compression direction (see patent document 1). The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus can display an elastic image of a frame having a good pressing direction.
Patent document 1: japanese patent No. 4769715
However, in the above-described conventional ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, although the pressed state can be confirmed, basically, a single feature amount is displayed, and for example, when it is desired to comprehensively determine the pressed state based on a plurality of features such as the intensity of the pressing and the direction of the pressing, switching of the display is necessary, and the operation may become complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to easily select a frame of an elastic image with a good pressing state based on a plurality of types of feature quantities.
In order to solve the above problem, an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the invention described in claim 1 is an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus that applies pressure to a subject by an ultrasonic probe that transmits and receives ultrasonic waves, and transmits and receives ultrasonic waves to and from the subject of the subject to measure hardness of the subject, the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus including:
a transmission unit that transmits a drive signal to the ultrasonic probe;
a reception unit that processes a reception signal output from the ultrasonic probe;
a transmission/reception unit that transmits a drive signal to the ultrasonic probe and processes a reception signal output from the ultrasonic probe;
a feature value calculation unit that calculates a plurality of types of feature values indicating a pressing state of each frame of the elastic image based on the processed received signal;
an evaluation value calculation unit that calculates an evaluation value from the plurality of calculated feature quantities, and generates information of a stable section including frames in a good pressed state based on the evaluation value; and
and a display control unit for displaying the information of the generated stable section on a display unit.
The invention described in claim 2 is the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus described in claim 1,
an elastic image generation unit for generating elastic image data based on the received signal,
the feature value calculating unit generates display information of the plurality of calculated feature values,
the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus includes:
a storage unit that stores the generated elastic image data and display information of a plurality of feature quantities; and
an operation input unit for receiving an input of a type of a feature to be displayed among the plurality of feature values and an input of a display frame of the elastic image data to be displayed in a movie mode in which the stored elastic image data is selected and displayed,
the display control unit displays the stored elastic image data corresponding to the input display frame and the display information of the stored feature amount corresponding to the display frame and the type of the input feature amount on the display unit.
The invention described in claim 3 is the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus described in claim 2,
the display information of the feature amount includes display information indicating whether or not the display frame is in a stable section.
The invention described in claim 4 is the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus described in claim 2 or 3,
the evaluation value calculation unit generates, as information of the generated stable section, a movie frame selection field having a cursor that indicates a frame of a stable section among a plurality of frames, indicates a display frame of an elastic image, and is capable of performing a movement change operation, and sets, as a display frame in the stable section, an initially set display frame corresponding to the cursor.
The invention described in claim 5 is the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus described in any one of claims 2 to 4,
the evaluation value calculation unit generates, as information of the generated stable section, a movie frame selection field having a cursor capable of performing a movement change operation and indicating a display frame of an elastic image, the frame indicating a stable section among a plurality of frames,
the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus includes a cursor control unit that sets a moving speed of the cursor to be slower when the cursor is within the stable section than when the cursor is outside the stable section.
The invention described in claim 6 is the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 5,
the evaluation value calculation unit generates information of a stable section by making it easier for a frame immediately before the freezing operation to be in the stable section than a frame other than the frame immediately before the freezing operation, based on the evaluation value.
The invention described in claim 7 is the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus described in any one of claims 1 to 6,
an elastic image generation unit for generating elastic image data based on the received signal,
the display control unit displays the generated elastic image data and the generated information of the stable section on the display unit in a live view mode.
The invention described in claim 8 is the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus described in claim 7,
and a freezing control unit that sets freezing when the calculated evaluation value satisfies a predetermined condition.
An invention described in claim 9 is an ultrasonic information processing method for measuring a hardness of an object of a subject by applying pressure to the subject by an ultrasonic probe that transmits and receives ultrasonic waves and transmitting the ultrasonic waves to and from the object, the method including:
a step of transmitting a drive signal to the ultrasonic probe;
processing a reception signal output from the ultrasonic probe;
calculating a plurality of types of feature quantities indicating a pressing state of each frame of the elastic image based on the processed received signal;
calculating an evaluation value from the plurality of calculated feature quantities, and generating information of a stable section including frames in a good pressed state based on the evaluation value; and
and displaying the generated information of the stable section on a display unit.
According to the present invention, it is possible to easily select a frame of an elastic image having a good pressing state based on a plurality of types of feature values.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an external view of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus.
Fig. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating evaluation value calculation from a plurality of feature quantities.
Fig. 4A is a diagram showing the evaluation value distribution with respect to time.
Fig. 4B is a diagram showing a movie frame selection field.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart showing the elastic image display processing.
Fig. 6 is a diagram showing a display image including a synthetic elastic image.
Detailed Description
An embodiment and a modification according to an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the illustrated examples.
(embodiment mode)
An embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 5. First, the device configuration of the ultrasonic diagnostic device 100 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 2. Fig. 1 is an external view of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment. Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100.
The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100 is an apparatus that displays and outputs an ultrasonic image of the state of a living body internal tissue of a subject such as a living body of a patient. That is, the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100 transmits ultrasonic waves (transmission ultrasonic waves) into a subject such as a living body and receives reflected waves (reflected ultrasonic waves: echoes) of the ultrasonic waves reflected in the subject. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100 converts the received reflected ultrasonic waves into electrical signals, and generates ultrasonic image data based on the electrical signals. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100 displays the internal state of the subject as an ultrasonic image based on the generated ultrasonic image data. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100 has a strain elastography function of representing a distribution of strain in the subject to which pressure is applied.
As shown in fig. 1, the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100 includes an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus main body 1 having an operation input unit 11 and a display unit 20, an ultrasonic probe 2, and a cable 3. The ultrasound probe 2 transmits and transmits ultrasound waves into the subject and receives reflected ultrasound waves from the inside of the subject. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus main body 1 is connected to the ultrasonic probe 2 via the cable 3, and transmits a drive signal of an electric signal to the ultrasonic probe 2, thereby causing the ultrasonic probe 2 to transmit an ultrasonic wave into the subject. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus main body 1 receives a reception signal, which is an electric signal generated by the ultrasonic probe 2 based on the reflected ultrasonic wave from the inside of the subject received by the ultrasonic probe 2, and generates and displays ultrasonic image data using the reception signal.
The ultrasonic probe 2 includes a plurality of transducers 2a (see fig. 2) each including a piezoelectric element, and the plurality of transducers 2a are arranged in a one-dimensional array in the azimuth direction (scanning direction), for example. In the present embodiment, for example, an ultrasonic probe 2 including 192 transducers 2a is used. The transducers 2a may be arranged in a two-dimensional array. The number of the vibrators 2a can be set arbitrarily. In the present embodiment, a linear electronic scanning probe is used as the ultrasonic probe 2 to perform scanning with ultrasonic waves by a linear scanning method, but any of a sector scanning method and a convex scanning method may be employed. The communication between the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus body 1 and the ultrasonic probe 2 may be performed by wireless communication such as UWB (Ultra Wide Band) instead of wired communication via the cable 3.
As shown in fig. 2, the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus main body 1 includes, for example, an operation input unit 11, a transmission unit 12, a reception unit 13, a B-mode image generation unit 14, a storage unit 14a, an elastic image generation unit 15, a storage unit 15a, an elastic image synthesis unit 16, a feature amount calculation unit 17, an evaluation value calculation unit 18, a display image generation unit 19 as a display control unit, a display unit 20, and a control unit 21 as a cursor control unit and a freeze control unit.
The operation input unit 11 includes various switches, buttons, a trackball, a mouse, a keyboard, and the like for an examiner such as a doctor or an engineer to input data such as a command for instructing the start of diagnosis and personal information of a subject, and outputs an operation signal to the control unit 21. The operation input unit 11 includes a touch panel provided on the display screen of the display unit 20.
The transmission unit 12 is a circuit that supplies a drive signal, which is an electrical signal, to the ultrasonic probe 2 via the cable 3 in accordance with the control of the control unit 21, and causes the ultrasonic probe 2 to generate a transmission ultrasonic wave. The transmission unit 12 includes, for example, a clock generation circuit, a delay circuit, a time and voltage setting unit, and a pulse generation circuit. The clock generation circuit is a circuit that generates a clock signal that determines the transmission timing or the transmission frequency of the drive signal. The delay circuit sets a delay time for each independent path corresponding to each transducer in the transmission timing of the drive signal, and performs focusing of a transmission beam formed by the transmission ultrasonic wave by delaying the transmission of the drive signal by the set delay time. The time and voltage setting unit is a circuit that sets the time and the voltage of the amplitude of the pulse width of the pulse signal generated by the pulse generating circuit. The pulse generating circuit is a circuit for generating a pulse signal as a drive signal based on the time and the voltage set by the time and voltage setting unit. The transmission unit 12 configured as described above drives a part (for example, 64) of a plurality (for example, 192) of transducers 2a arranged in the ultrasonic probe 2, for example, to generate transmission ultrasonic waves. The transmission unit 12 performs scanning (scan) by shifting the driven transducer in the azimuth direction each time the transmission ultrasonic wave is generated.
The receiving unit 13 is a circuit that receives a reception signal as an electric signal from the ultrasonic probe 2 via the cable 3 according to the control of the control unit 21, and performs signal processing on the reception signal to generate sound ray data. The receiving unit 13 includes, for example, an amplifier, an a/D conversion circuit, and a phase adder circuit. The amplifier is a circuit for amplifying a received signal at a predetermined amplification factor for each independent path corresponding to each transducer. The a/D conversion circuit is a circuit for performing a/D conversion on the amplified received signal. The phase adder circuit is a circuit for generating acoustic line data by adding (phase adding) delay times given to the received signal after a/D conversion for each individual path corresponding to each transducer to adjust the time phase.
The B-mode image generating unit 14 performs envelope detection processing, logarithmic amplification, and the like on the sound ray data from the receiving unit 13 under the control of the control unit 21, and performs luminance conversion by adjusting the dynamic range and gain, thereby generating B- (bright) mode ultrasonic image data (B-mode image data) as tomographic image data. That is, the B-mode image data represents the intensity of the received signal by the luminance.
The storage unit 14a is a storage unit formed of a semiconductor memory such as a flash memory. The B-mode image generating unit 14 associates the generated B-mode image data with a frame number (time) and stores the B-mode image data in the storage unit 14a in units of frames as movie image data of movie frames. The B-mode image generating unit 14 reads the B-mode image data stored in the storage unit 14a and outputs the data to the elastic image synthesizing unit 16 under the control of the control unit 21.
The elastic image generating unit 15 performs an operation on the acoustic ray data from the receiving unit 13 under the control of the control unit 21, converts the acoustic ray data into a deformation amount as elastic information, and generates elastic image data by performing color mapping. The size Of the image Of the elastic image data generated by the elastic image generation unit 15 is set to the size Of the ROI (Region Of Interest) specified and input by the examiner via the operation input unit 11, but is not limited thereto, and may be the same as the size Of the image Of the B-mode image data. The storage unit 15a is a storage unit formed of a semiconductor memory such as a flash memory.
Here, the amount of deformation will be explained. The examiner holds the ultrasonic probe 2 and applies pressure to the body surface of the subject. At this time, the pressure applied from the ultrasonic probe 2 to the subject changes due to the vibration of the examiner and the breathing of the subject. For example, it is assumed that the upper end of an object such as a tumor exists in a position at a distance xr in the depth direction (X direction) from the body surface in contact with the ultrasonic probe 2 in the subject before compression is applied. The width of the object in the depth direction is L. If the pressing ρ is similarly applied to the object in a state where the pressing ρ (stress) is applied to the object, the upper end position of the object changes by the distance xs in the depth direction, and the width of the object in the depth direction changes to L- Δ L. Therefore, the deformation amount ∈ Δ L/L is obtained by measuring the object in these two states.
More specifically, for example, as described in japanese patent application laid-open No. 2015-211733, the elastic image generating unit 15 acquires sound ray data of two temporally successive frames by storing and reading sound ray data from the receiving unit 13 in the storage unit 15a as appropriate for each frame. The pressurized state of the subject corresponding to the first signal waveform of the sound ray data of the first frame of the two frames is set as a first pressurized state, and the pressurized state of the subject corresponding to the second signal waveform of the sound ray data of the second frame is set as a second pressurized state. The elastic image generating unit 15 extracts phase difference components at respective times between the first signal waveform and the second signal waveform, calculates a strain difference and an initial phase difference, which are differences in respective frequencies between the first signal waveform and the second signal waveform, from a correlation between the respective times and the phase difference components at the respective times, and calculates a strain amount based on the strain difference. The elastic image generating unit 15 calculates the amount of deformation for all pixels, and generates image data composed of pixels of the amount of deformation.
The elastic image generating unit 15 generates elastic image data by coloring the image data of the amount of deformation by color mapping in which the amount of deformation increases in the order of blue → green → yellow → red, for example. However, in the later-described drawing of fig. 5, the elastic image shows an appearance in which the amount of deformation increases in the order of black → white.
The elastic image generating unit 15 associates the generated elastic image data with a frame number (time) and stores the elastic image data in the storage unit 15a in units of frames as movie image data of movie frames. The elastic image generating unit 15 reads the elastic image data stored in the storage unit 15a and outputs the elastic image data to the elastic image synthesizing unit 16 under the control of the control unit 21.
The elastic image synthesizing unit 16 synthesizes the elastic image data at the time point generated by the elastic image generating unit 15 with the B-mode image data generated by the B-mode image generating unit 14 at a predetermined synthesis rate in accordance with the control of the control unit 21, and generates synthesized elastic image data.
The feature amount calculation unit 17 calculates a plurality of types of feature amounts indicating the pressed state of the subject for each frame of the elastic image data by using at least one of the elastic image data generated by the elastic image generation unit 15, the sound ray data generated by the reception unit 13, and the information stored in the storage unit 17a, generates display information of a plurality of feature amounts indicating these calculated feature amounts, outputs the display information of the elastic image data and the plurality of feature amounts to the evaluation value calculation unit 18, and stores the display information of the plurality of feature amounts in the storage unit 17a, in accordance with the control of the control unit 21. The storage section 17a is a nonvolatile storage section including a semiconductor memory such as a flash memory.
As a specific example, an example in which the feature amount calculation unit 17 calculates 3 kinds of feature amounts, i.e., the amount of deformation d, the tempo b, and the confidence s of the amount of deformation of the elastic image will be described. However, the type and number of the feature amounts calculated by the feature amount calculation unit 17 are not limited to this example.
The feature amount calculation unit 17 calculates the amount of deformation d of the elastic image defined by the average amount of deformation in the elastic image (ROI) by the following expression (1) using the elastic image data generated by the elastic image generation unit 15.
[ formula 1]
Wherein, ROI: all pixels of the elastic image data, x: amount of deformation in variable q of a pixel within an elastic image, n: the number of pixels within the ROI.
The feature amount calculating unit 17 calculates the tempo b of the amount of deformation of the elastic image defined by the similarity between the time waveform of the amount of deformation of the elastic image (ROI) and the sine waveform and cosine waveform, using the elastic image data of a plurality of consecutive frames generated by the elastic image generating unit 15, by the following expression (2). In this case, the feature amount calculating unit 17 writes and reads the elastic image data generated by the elastic image generating unit 15 in the storage unit 17a as appropriate, and uses the elastic image data as elastic image data of a plurality of consecutive frames.
[ formula 2]
Wherein D (ω) ═ FFT (D (t)), D (t): time waveform of deformation amount, t: time frame number. In the formula (2), when strain occurs at a constant interval, a specific frequency becomes strong and molecules become large. This state is defined as the state with the better tempo. In this case, the maximum value of the frequency component is calculated in the numerator, but the low frequency component may be excluded from the calculation target of the maximum value so that the medium frequency or the high frequency component is not only reflected in the strong pressure but also set as the calculation target of the maximum value. The denominator is normalized by the sum of the deformation amounts in order to be calculated as the characteristic amount not depending on the deformation amounts. In addition, when it is preferable to consider both the tempo b and the amount of deformation, the tempo b of the amount of deformation of the elastic image is calculated by the following expression (2A).
[ formula 3]
The feature amount calculation unit 17 calculates the confidence level (restoration rate) s of the elastic image defined by the correlation value between the sound ray data of two consecutive frames by the following expression (3) using the sound ray data of the consecutive frames generated by the reception unit 13. At this time, the feature amount calculation unit 17 writes and reads the sound ray data of each frame generated by the reception unit 13 in the storage unit 17a as appropriate, and uses the sound ray data as sound ray data of consecutive frames.
s＝AutoCorr(f(x)，fprev(x+Δx))…(3)
Wherein AutoCorr is an autocorrelation operation, f (x): signal waveform of sound ray data in a position (depth x) in the depth direction of the current frame, fprev(x + Δ x): the signal waveform of the sound ray data in the position in the depth direction of the previous frame (depth x + Δ x).
As another feature amount, the feature amount calculation unit 17 may calculate the similarity p to the past feature amount defined by the error between the calculated current feature amount and the maximum value of the past feature amount by the following expression (4) using the calculated current and past feature amounts. At this time, the feature amount calculation unit 17 writes and reads the calculated feature amount of each frame in the storage unit 17a as appropriate, and uses the feature amount as the past feature amount.
p＝|y-ypast|…(4)
Wherein, y: current characteristic quantity, ypast: the highest value of the past feature quantity. As the characteristic quantities y, ypastFor example, the deformation amount d is used, but not limited thereto. As characteristic quantities y, ypastThe tempo b or the confidence s, or the sum of values obtained by multiplying a plurality of feature quantities by weight coefficients may be used.
Further, the following structure may be adopted: as the other feature amount, the feature amount calculation unit 17 generates a regression line of the strain distribution from the distribution of the amount of deformation in the horizontal direction (scanning direction) of the pixels of the elastic image data (the sum or average of the amounts of deformation of all the pixels in each column in the depth direction), and calculates a score in which the slope 0 of the balance line corresponding to the slope of the regression line is full score as the feature amount. In this configuration, the information may be displayed as the feature amount, and the balance line may be displayed together with the score of the strain distribution.
The feature value calculation unit 17 generates display information of each calculated feature value. For example, the display information of the deformation amount d as the characteristic amount is display information of a graph indicating the deformation amount from a past predetermined period to the present. At this time, the feature amount calculation unit 17 reads out the current and past feature amounts from the storage unit 17a as appropriate, and uses the read feature amounts for the generation of display information of the feature amounts. The feature amount calculation unit 17 associates the generated display information of the feature amount with the frame number (time) and stores the information in the storage unit 17a for use in the movie frame.
The evaluation value calculation unit 18 calculates an evaluation value score using the plurality of feature quantities generated by the feature quantity calculation unit 17 under the control of the control unit 21, generates a movie frame field based on the evaluation value score, and outputs the display information of the plurality of feature quantities generated by the feature quantity calculation unit 17 and the generated movie frame field to the display image generation unit 19.
The evaluation value calculation unit 18 calculates the evaluation value score by, for example, the following expression (5).
score＝wd·d+wb·b+ws·s …(5)
Wherein, wd: weight coefficient of deformation d, wb: weight coefficient of tempo b, ws: the weight coefficient of the confidence s.
Fig. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating evaluation value calculation from a plurality of feature quantities. As shown in fig. 3, the evaluation value calculation unit 18 calculates an evaluation value from a plurality of feature quantities (deformation amount d, tempo b, confidence s, similarity p) of the frame at that time.
However, the evaluation value calculation unit 18 is not limited to the configuration for calculating the evaluation value score by the expression (5), and may be configured to calculate the evaluation value score by the expression (6), for example.
score＝d·b·s …(6)
The evaluation value calculation unit 18 stores the calculated evaluation value in association with the frame number (time) in the storage unit 18a for use in a movie frame. The storage unit 18a is a nonvolatile storage unit including a semiconductor memory such as a flash memory.
The evaluation value calculation unit 18 generates a movie frame selection field having a stable section composed of temporally continuous frame groups with a high evaluation value based on the current and past evaluation values stored in the storage unit 18 a. Here, the generation of the movie frame selection field will be described with reference to fig. 4A and 4B. Fig. 4A is a diagram showing the evaluation value distribution with respect to time. Fig. 4B is a diagram showing the movie frame selection field 300.
The evaluation value distribution of each frame with respect to time is shown in fig. 4A, for example. The time of one frame is set to 1/5-1/20 [ s ], for example. The evaluation value calculation unit 18 calculates a moving average of evaluation values for a predetermined time (for example, 1 second interval) with respect to the evaluation values of all movie frames as time elapses. The evaluation value calculation unit 18 generates a movie frame selection field in which a section of a predetermined time period in which the moving average value is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value is set as a stable section. The time of the moving average calculation interval may be different from the time of the steady interval. The evaluation value calculation unit 18 generates, for example, a movie frame selection field 300 shown in fig. 4B corresponding to the distribution of the evaluation values in fig. 4A. The movie frame selection field 300 has a stable section 301 and a normal section 302. The stable section 301 is a stable section indicating movie frames in which the moving average of the evaluation values in all movie frames is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold. The normal section 302 is a normal section indicating movie frames in which the moving average of the evaluation values in all movie frames is smaller than a predetermined threshold.
The display image generation unit 19 generates the composite elastic image data generated by the elastic image composition unit 16 as display image data in the live mode, and generates the composite elastic image data of the movie frame generated by the elastic image composition unit 16, the display information of the feature amount input from the feature amount calculation unit 17, and the movie frame selection field input from the evaluation value calculation unit 18 as display image data in the movie mode, according to the control of the control unit 21. The display image generation unit 19 converts the generated display image data into an image signal for the display unit 20, and outputs the image signal to the display unit 20.
As the Display unit 20, a Display device such as an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) Display, an organic EL (electroluminescence) Display, an inorganic EL Display, or a plasma Display can be applied. The display unit 20 displays an image on a display screen in accordance with the image signal output from the display image generation unit 19.
The control Unit 21 is configured to include, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), and a RAM (Random Access Memory), Read out various Processing programs such as a system program stored in the ROM, and expand the Processing programs into the RAM, and to collectively control the operations of the respective units of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100 in accordance with the expanded programs. The ROM is configured by a nonvolatile memory such as a semiconductor, and stores a system program corresponding to the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100, a program executable on the system program, various data such as a gamma table, and the like. These programs are stored in the form of computer-readable program codes, and the CPU sequentially executes operations according to the program codes. The RAM forms a work area that temporarily stores various programs executed by the CPU and data of the programs. In fig. 2, control lines from the control unit 21 to each unit are partially omitted to prevent the drawing from becoming complicated.
Some or all of the functions of the functional blocks of each unit included in the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100 can be implemented as a hardware circuit such as an integrated circuit. The integrated circuit is, for example, an LSI (Large Scale Integration) which is also called an IC, a system LSI, a super LSI, or an ultra LSI depending on the degree of Integration. The method of forming an integrated circuit is not limited to LSI, and may be realized by a dedicated circuit or a general-purpose processor, or may be realized by an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or a reconfigurable processor capable of reconfiguring the connection and setting of circuit cells in the LSI. In addition, a part or all of the functions of the respective functional blocks may be executed by software. In this case, the software is stored in a storage medium such as one or more ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, or the like, and is executed by the arithmetic processor.
Next, the operation of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100 will be described with reference to fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a flowchart showing the elastic image display processing.
In the diagnosis of a subject by strain elastography using the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100, a live mode is set in advance, the ultrasonic probe 2 is first brought into contact with the subject to generate B-mode image data, a B-mode image is displayed, the examiner appropriately performs designation input of an ROI of an elasticity image via the operation input unit 11, and the ultrasonic probe 2 applies pressure to the body surface around the subject.
In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100, the control unit 21 executes the elasticity image display process shown in fig. 5. Hereinafter, the main body of the process of each step is described as a main body of the step, but the control unit 21 controls the main body of each step.
First, the transmitter 12 supplies a drive signal to the ultrasonic probe 2 to transmit and receive ultrasonic waves, and the receiver 13 receives the reception signal from the ultrasonic probe 2 and generates sound ray data (step S11). Then, the B-mode image generator 14 generates B-mode image data for one frame and stores it as a movie frame in the storage 14a using the sound ray data generated in step S11, the elastic image generator 15 generates elastic image data for one frame and stores it as a movie frame in the storage 15a using the sound ray data generated in step S11 and the sound ray data of the previous frame stored in the storage 15a, and the elastic image synthesizer 16 synthesizes the generated B-mode image data and the elastic image data to generate synthesized elastic image data for one frame (step S12).
Then, the feature amount calculation unit 17 calculates feature amounts (the distortion amount d, the tempo b, and the confidence level S) using the sound ray data obtained in step S11, the elasticity image data obtained in step S12, and the past information stored in the storage unit 17a, and generates display information of each feature amount and stores the display information in the storage unit 17a (step S13). Then, the evaluation value calculation unit 18 calculates the evaluation value score of the feature amount using the feature amount calculated in step S13, and generates information of the stable section in the movie frame selection field and stores the information in the storage unit 18a (step S14).
Then, the display image generator 19 generates display image data for one frame from the synthetic elastic image data for one frame generated in step S12, and displays the display image on the display unit 20 (step S15). The examiner can diagnose the hardness of the object such as a tumor in the synthetic elastic image by visually observing the synthetic elastic image displayed on the display unit 20.
Then, the control unit 21 determines whether or not the inspector has performed the freeze input through the operation input unit 11 (step S16). If the freeze input is not made (NO in step S16), the process proceeds to step S11. When the freeze input is made (yes in step S16), the movie mode is started, and the control unit 21 outputs and sets the display frame number for the initial setting of the movie image data to the B-mode image generation unit 14, the elastic image generation unit 15, the feature amount calculation unit 17, and the evaluation value calculation unit 18 (step S17). The display frame initially set is, for example, a movie frame immediately before freezing out of a plurality of movie frames.
Then, the B-mode image generating unit 14 reads the B-mode image data of the input display frame number from the storage unit 14a and outputs the same to the elastic image synthesizing unit 16, the elastic image generating unit 15 reads the elastic image data of the input display frame number from the storage unit 15a and outputs the same to the elastic image synthesizing unit 16, and the elastic image synthesizing unit 16 synthesizes the input B-mode image data and the elastic image data to generate synthesized elastic image data (step S18).
Then, the feature amount calculation unit 17 reads the display information of the feature amount of the type of the input setting of the display frame number (first initial setting) from the storage unit 17a, and outputs the read display information to the display image generation unit 19 (step S19). The initially set characteristic amount is, for example, a deformation amount d. Then, the evaluation value calculation unit 18 reads the information of the stable section from the storage unit 18a, generates a movie frame selection field having a cursor at a position corresponding to the input display frame number based on the information of the stable section, and outputs the movie frame selection field to the display image generation unit 19 (step S20).
Then, the display image generation unit 19 generates display image data by combining the input composite elastic image data of the display frame number, the display information of the feature amount, and the movie frame selection field, and displays the display image on the display unit 20 (step S21). Then, the control unit 21 determines whether or not cursor movement input is performed from the examiner via the operation input unit 11 (step S22). When the cursor movement is input (yes in step S22), the control unit 21 outputs the changed display frame number corresponding to the cursor movement in step S22 to the B-mode image generation unit 14, the elastic image generation unit 15, the feature amount calculation unit 17, and the evaluation value calculation unit 18, sets them (step S23), and proceeds to step S18.
When the cursor movement input is not performed (no in step S22), the control unit 21 determines whether or not the characteristic amount change input is performed from the examiner via the operation input unit 11 (step S24). When the feature amount change input is made (yes in step S24), the feature amount calculation unit 17 reads out the display information of the feature amount of the type corresponding to the feature amount after the change in step S24 from the storage unit 17a, outputs the information to the display image generation unit 19 (step S25), and proceeds to step S21. In the case where the feature amount change input is not performed (no in step S24), the elastic image display processing ends.
Fig. 6 is a diagram showing a display image 200 including a synthetic elastic image 210. For example, as shown in fig. 6, in the movie mode, the display image 200 displaying the frame number is displayed on the display unit 20. The display image 200 has a composite elastic image 210, a movie frame selection field 300A, a frame number display field 310, feature amount display information 400, and a feature amount switching button 410.
The composite elastic image 210 is a composite image of a B-mode image 211 based on the B-mode image data of the display frame number and an elastic image 212 based on the elastic image data of the display frame number. The movie frame selection field 300A has a stable section 301A, a normal section 302A, and a cursor 303.
The stable section 301A is a part of a column indicating a stable section in the movie frame of all movie image data. The normal section 302A is a part of a column representing the normal section in all the movie frames. The cursor 303 is an operation display element which is disposed at a position of a display frame number corresponding to the synthetic elastic image 210 and receives a selection input of a movie frame to be displayed from the examiner via the operation input unit 11, and can perform a movement change input in the left and right directions in the stable section 301A and the normal section 302A. The frame number display field 310 is a display field of frame numbers indicating the order of the composite elastic image 210 (cursor 303) out of the number of movie frames of all movie image data. The stable interval 301A and the normal interval 302A preferably have different display colors.
The feature display information 400 is a display field of the deformation amount d as the initially set feature. The feature amount display information 400 includes a chart portion 401, a reference area 402, and a frame portion 403. The graph portion 401 is a portion of a graph in which the horizontal axis represents time, the vertical axis represents the value of the deformation amount d of the feature amount, and the deformation amount d that changes with time is represented by the center of the vertical axis of the feature amount display information 400 as a reference value. The right end of the graph portion 401 is set as the amount of distortion d of the frame immediately before freezing. The reference region 402 is a region indicating a range of values of the deformation amount d appropriate from the center of the vertical axis of the feature amount display information 400. In other words, when the graph portion 401 is within the reference region 402, the amount of deformation d indicating the portion is appropriate, and when the graph portion 401 overflows from the reference region 402, the amount of deformation d indicating the portion is inappropriate.
The frame portion 403 is a frame portion of the feature amount display information 400, and the display color is set to whether or not the movie frame corresponding to the cursor 303 is in the stable section. For example, when a movie frame corresponding to the cursor 303 is a stable section, the frame portion 403 is displayed in the same display color as the stable section 301A.
The feature value switching button 410 is an operation display element for receiving, from the examiner via the operation input unit 11, a switching input of the type of feature value displayed in the displayed feature value display information 400. For example, each time the feature quantity switching button 410 is pressed, the feature quantity of the feature quantity display information 400 is switched as the deformation quantity d → the tempo b → the confidence s → the deformation quantity d → …. In step S24, when the feature value switching button 410 is touch-input through the operation input unit 11, the control unit 21 outputs the display feature value information after switching to the feature value calculation unit 17. The feature amount calculation unit 17 reads display information of a feature amount corresponding to the input display feature amount information of the same display frame number from the storage unit 17a, and outputs the display information to the display image generation unit 19. The display image generation unit 19 generates display image data by combining the composite elastic image data of the same display frame number, the display information of the feature amount after switching, and the movie frame selection field, and causes the display unit 20 to display the display image. The display information of the feature amount is not limited to the display form of the time-varying graph, and may be other display forms such as numerical value display of the feature amount.
In step S22, when a movie frame is selectively input and displayed by moving the cursor 303 via the operation input unit 11, a display image including display information of the composite image data corresponding to the selected display frame number, the movie frame selection field, and the switched feature amount is displayed.
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100 processes the reception signal output from the ultrasonic probe 2 by supplying the drive signal to the ultrasonic probe 2, calculates a plurality of types of feature quantities indicating the pressing state of each frame of the elastic image based on the processed reception signal, calculates an evaluation value based on the plurality of calculated feature quantities, generates a movie frame selection field based on the evaluation value as information of a stable section composed of frames in good pressing state, and displays the generated movie frame selection field on the display unit 20.
Therefore, the examiner can visually confirm the frame of the elasticity image in the stable section in which the pressing state is good based on the plurality of types of feature amounts, and can easily select the frame.
The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100 generates elastic image data based on the received signal, generates display information of the calculated plurality of feature amounts, stores the generated elastic image data and the display information of the plurality of feature amounts in the storage units 15a and 17a, accepts input of a type of a feature amount to be displayed among the plurality of feature amounts and input of a display frame of the elastic image data to be displayed in the cine mode, and displays the stored elastic image data corresponding to the input display frame and the stored display information of the feature amount corresponding to the display frame and the type of the input feature amount on the display unit 20. Therefore, the inspector can visually recognize the feature amount of the movie frame being displayed.
The feature value display unit 400 includes a frame portion 403, and the frame portion 403 indicates whether or not the display frame is in the stable section by a display color. Therefore, the inspector can easily recognize the information on whether or not the movie frame is in the stable section together with the feature amount of the movie frame being displayed.
(modification example)
A plurality of modifications of the above embodiment will be explained in order.
In the first modification, in the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100, the control unit 21 sets the display frame number of the displayed cine image data that is initially set in correspondence with the cursor to the display frame number of the cine frame other than the frame immediately after freezing at the start of the cine mode. For example, the control unit 21 sets the display frame number of the movie image data displayed at the start of the movie mode to the frame number of the movie frame in the stable section (for example, the center of the stable section). According to this configuration, it is possible to confirm the information of the movie frame of the stable section which is important for diagnosis at first, and to perform diagnosis accurately and shorten the diagnosis time.
In the second modification, in the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100, the control unit 21 sets the moving speed of the cursor in the stable section to be slower than that in the normal section with respect to the same moving operation from the examiner via the operation input unit 11 in the moving display of the cursor in the movie frame selection field. With this configuration, selection of a movie frame to be displayed in a stable section where diagnosis is important is facilitated.
The third modification is a configuration in which, in the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100, the evaluation value calculation unit 18 makes it easier to set the movie frame immediately before freezing in the movie frame selection field as the stable section than the movie frames other than the movie frame immediately before freezing. For example, there are a configuration in which the evaluation value of the movie frame immediately before freezing is multiplied by a predetermined coefficient of 1 or more, a configuration in which a threshold value for determining a stationary section including a moving average value of the evaluation value of the movie frame immediately before freezing is lowered, and the like. With this configuration, the latest frame that the examiner has determined to be important and has performed the freeze operation can be easily set as a stable section that is important for diagnosis, and diagnosis can be performed more accurately.
In the fourth modification, in the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100, the evaluation value calculation unit 18 outputs information of a stable section and a normal section based on the evaluation value of which the moving average value is calculated corresponding to a predetermined number of frames up to the present to the display image generation unit 19 in the live view mode, and the display image generation unit 19 displays the input information of the stable section and the composite image data of the live view on the display unit 20. According to this configuration, even in the live view mode, the examiner can visually recognize the frame of the elasticity image in the stable section in which the pressing state is good based on the plurality of types of feature quantities.
In the fifth modification, in the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100, the evaluation value calculation unit 18 is configured to output, to the control unit 21, information of the steady section and the normal section based on the evaluation value calculated as the moving average value corresponding to the predetermined amount of frames up to the present in the live mode. The control unit 21 determines whether or not the evaluation value satisfies a predetermined condition set in advance, and automatically sets freezing when the predetermined condition is satisfied. The predetermined condition is, for example, that the moving average value of the evaluation value is equal to or greater than a second predetermined threshold value different from the first predetermined threshold value for determining the stable section. According to this configuration, in the live view mode, the examiner can visually confirm the frame of the elastic image that is important for diagnosis and corresponds to the stable section as the elastic image of the frame of the still image with ease.
The above description of the embodiment and the modifications is an example of a preferred ultrasound diagnostic apparatus and ultrasound information processing method according to the present invention, and is not limited thereto. For example, at least two of the above embodiments and modifications may be combined.
In the above-described embodiment and modification, the stable sections in the movie frame selection field are set to the same color, but the present invention is not limited to this. The display color may be changed depending on the height of the evaluation value for the stable section. For example, the density of the display color in the stable section may be increased as the evaluation value increases. According to this configuration, the height of the evaluation value of the stable section can be easily confirmed, and particularly, when a plurality of stable sections exist in the movie frame selection field, each stable section can be easily recognized.
In the above-described embodiment, the image data indicating the amount of deformation as the elastic data is generated by strain elastography and used as the elastic image data, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, image data indicating the Shear Wave velocity as elasticity data may be generated by Shear Wave Elastography (Shear Wave Elastography) and used as the elasticity image data.
The detailed configuration and detailed operation of each part constituting the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100 in the above embodiments and modifications can be appropriately modified within a range not departing from the gist of the present invention.
Industrial applicability
As described above, the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus and the ultrasonic information processing method according to the present invention can be applied to ultrasonic diagnosis using an elasticity image.
Description of reference numerals: 100 … ultrasonic diagnostic equipment; 1 … ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus main body; 11 … operation input unit; 12 … sending part; 13 … a receiving part; 14 … B mode image generating part; 14a, 15a, 17a, 18a … storage section; 15 … elastic image generating part; 16 … an elastic image synthesizing section; 17 … a feature value calculating unit; 18 … evaluation value calculation unit; 19 … display image generating part; a display portion 20 …; 21 … control unit; 2 … ultrasonic probe; 2a … vibrator; 3 … cable.
Claims (20)
1. An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus for measuring hardness of an object to be examined by applying pressure to the object by an ultrasonic probe that transmits and receives ultrasonic waves and transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves to and from the object, the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus comprising:
a transmission unit that transmits a drive signal to the ultrasonic probe;
a reception unit that processes a reception signal output from the ultrasonic probe;
an elastic image generation unit that generates elastic image data based on the reception signal;
a feature value calculation unit that calculates a plurality of types of feature values indicating a pressing state of each frame of an elastic image based on the processed received signal, and generates display information of the calculated plurality of feature values;
an evaluation value calculation unit that calculates an evaluation value from the plurality of calculated feature quantities, and generates information of a stable section including frames in a good pressed state based on the evaluation value;
a storage unit that stores the generated elastic image data and display information of a plurality of feature quantities;
an operation input unit that accepts, in a movie mode in which stored elastic image data is selected and displayed, an input of a type of a feature to be displayed among the plurality of features and an input of a display frame of the elastic image data to be displayed; and
and a display control unit that displays the generated information of the stable section, the stored elastic image data corresponding to the input display frame, and the display information of the stored feature amount corresponding to the display frame and the type of the input feature amount on a display unit.
2. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1,
the display information of the feature amount includes display information indicating whether or not the display frame is in a stable section.
3. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1,
the evaluation value calculation unit generates a movie frame selection field having a cursor that indicates a frame of a stable section among a plurality of frames, indicates a display frame of an elastic image, and is capable of performing a movement change operation, as information of the generated stable section, and sets an initially set display frame corresponding to the cursor as a display frame within the stable section.
4. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 2,
the evaluation value calculation unit generates a movie frame selection field having a cursor that indicates a frame of a stable section among a plurality of frames, indicates a display frame of an elastic image, and is capable of performing a movement change operation, as information of the generated stable section, and sets an initially set display frame corresponding to the cursor as a display frame within the stable section.
5. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1,
the evaluation value calculation section generates, as information of the generated stable section, a movie frame selection field having a cursor that indicates a frame of a stable section among the plurality of frames and that indicates a display frame of an elastic image and that is capable of a movement change operation,
the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus includes a cursor control unit that sets a moving speed of the cursor to be slower than when the cursor is outside the stable section when the cursor is within the stable section.
6. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 2,
the evaluation value calculation section generates, as information of the generated stable section, a movie frame selection field having a cursor that indicates a frame of a stable section among the plurality of frames and that indicates a display frame of an elastic image and that is capable of a movement change operation,
the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus includes a cursor control unit that sets a moving speed of the cursor to be slower than when the cursor is outside the stable section when the cursor is within the stable section.
7. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 3,
the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus includes a cursor control unit that sets a moving speed of the cursor to be slower than when the cursor is outside the stable section when the cursor is within the stable section.
8. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
the evaluation value calculation unit, when calculating the evaluation value, generates information of a stable section by setting the evaluation value of a frame immediately before the freezing operation to be relatively higher than the evaluation value of a frame other than the frame immediately before the freezing operation.
9. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
the display control unit displays the generated elastic image data and the generated information of the stable section on the display unit in a live view mode.
10. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 9,
the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus includes a freeze control unit that sets a freeze when the calculated evaluation value satisfies a predetermined condition.
11. An ultrasound information processing method for measuring a hardness of an object of a subject by applying pressure to the subject by an ultrasound probe that transmits and receives ultrasound, and transmitting and receiving ultrasound to and from the object, the ultrasound information processing method comprising:
a transmission step of transmitting a drive signal to the ultrasonic probe;
a reception step of processing a reception signal output from the ultrasonic probe;
an elastic image generation step of generating elastic image data based on the reception signal;
a feature amount calculation step of calculating a plurality of types of feature amounts indicating a pressing state of each frame of an elastic image based on the processed received signal, and generating display information of the calculated plurality of feature amounts;
an evaluation value calculation step of calculating an evaluation value from the plurality of calculated feature quantities, and generating information of a stable section including a frame having a good pressing state based on the evaluation value;
a storage step of storing the generated elastic image data and display information of a plurality of feature quantities in a storage unit;
an operation input step of accepting, in a movie mode in which stored elastic image data is selected and displayed, an input of a type of a feature amount to be displayed among the plurality of feature amounts and an input of a display frame of the elastic image data to be displayed; and
and a display control step of displaying the generated information of the stable section, the stored elastic image data corresponding to the input display frame, and the display information of the stored feature amount corresponding to the display frame and the type of the input feature amount on a display unit.
12. The ultrasonic information processing method according to claim 11,
the display information of the feature amount includes display information indicating whether or not the display frame is in a stable section.
13. The ultrasonic information processing method according to claim 11,
in the evaluation value calculation step, a movie frame selection field having a cursor that is capable of performing a movement change operation and that indicates a frame in a stable section among a plurality of frames and that indicates a display frame of an elastic image is generated as information of the generated stable section, and an initially set display frame corresponding to the cursor is set as a display frame in the stable section.
14. The ultrasonic information processing method according to claim 12,
in the evaluation value calculation step, a movie frame selection field having a cursor that is capable of performing a movement change operation and that indicates a frame in a stable section among a plurality of frames and that indicates a display frame of an elastic image is generated as information of the generated stable section, and an initially set display frame corresponding to the cursor is set as a display frame in the stable section.
15. The ultrasonic information processing method according to claim 11,
in the evaluation value calculation step, a movie frame selection field having a cursor that indicates a frame of a stable section among the plurality of frames, indicates a display frame of an elastic image, and can perform a movement change operation is generated as information of the generated stable section,
the ultrasonic information processing method includes a cursor control step of setting a moving speed of the cursor to be slower when the cursor is within the stable section than when the cursor is outside the stable section.
16. The ultrasonic information processing method according to claim 12,
in the evaluation value calculation step, a movie frame selection field having a cursor that indicates a frame of a stable section among the plurality of frames, indicates a display frame of an elastic image, and can perform a movement change operation is generated as information of the generated stable section,
the ultrasonic information processing method includes a cursor control step of setting a moving speed of the cursor to be slower when the cursor is within the stable section than when the cursor is outside the stable section.
17. The ultrasonic information processing method according to claim 13,
the ultrasonic information processing method includes a cursor control step of setting a moving speed of the cursor to be slower when the cursor is within the stable section than when the cursor is outside the stable section.
18. The ultrasonic information processing method according to any one of claims 11 to 17,
in the evaluation value calculation step, when calculating the evaluation value, the evaluation value of the frame immediately before the freezing operation is made relatively higher than the evaluation value of the frame other than the frame immediately before the freezing operation, and information of the stable section is generated.
19. The ultrasonic information processing method according to any one of claims 11 to 17,
in the display control step, the generated elasticity image data and the generated information of the stable section are displayed on the display unit in a live view mode.
20. The ultrasonic information processing method according to claim 19,
the ultrasonic information processing method includes a freeze control step of performing freeze setting when the calculated evaluation value satisfies a predetermined condition.
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| JP7427002B2 (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2024-02-02 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェ | Systems and methods for frame indexing and image review |
| CN117064441A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2023-11-17 | 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic imaging method and ultrasonic imaging system |
| CN114727799A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2022-07-08 | 奥林巴斯株式会社 | Ultrasonic observation device, ultrasonic observation system, and ultrasonic observation method |
| CN112998751A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-06-22 | 无锡海斯凯尔医学技术有限公司 | Tissue elasticity detection imaging method and equipment |
| WO2023048267A1 (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2023-03-30 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Information processing device, information processing method, and information processing program |
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