CN108694881A - A kind of experiment device for teaching for dynamic vibration absorber performance demonstration - Google Patents
A kind of experiment device for teaching for dynamic vibration absorber performance demonstration Download PDFInfo
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- CN108694881A CN108694881A CN201810694437.8A CN201810694437A CN108694881A CN 108694881 A CN108694881 A CN 108694881A CN 201810694437 A CN201810694437 A CN 201810694437A CN 108694881 A CN108694881 A CN 108694881A
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- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
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- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of experiment device for teaching for dynamic vibration absorber performance demonstration, including:Bottom plate;Column is fixed on the bottom plate;Cantilever beam, one end are fixed on column top, and the other end is free end and is evenly arranged with several threaded holes along its length;Eccentric motor, position are adjustably fixed at the cantilever top surface of the beam;Contact vibrator is fixed on the bottom plate and immediately below cantilever beam;Several dynamic vibration absorbers, and quantity adjustable by dynamic vibration absorber fixed block position are optionally secured to the cantilever soffit.The quality of dynamic vibration absorber of the present invention, rigidity, damping can adjust, while the control of multiple dynamic vibration absorber and multi-freedom-degree vibration may be implemented, and in addition realize the hybrid power bump leveller passively with active, have simple in structure, install easy advantage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the teaching equipment fields of vibration control demonstration, specifically a kind of to be drilled for dynamic vibration absorber performance
The experiment device for teaching shown.
Background technology
Mainly there are the methods of weakening, vibration isolation and absorbing, the wherein side of absorbing in the common method of the control to vibration at present
Method mainly utilizes dynamic vibration absorber, is widely used in automobile, building, manufactures the industries such as equipment.In terms of teaching, in order to
Reinforce student for the understanding of knowwhy and the enhancing ability of practice, design is a kind of to be conducive to convenient for carrying out demonstration operation in laboratory
Dynamic absorber device it is necessary.In theoretical research, the damping object of dynamic vibration absorber has single-degree-of-freedom and mostly freely
Degree, while also having passive bump leveller, active vibration absorber and mixing bump leveller (passively being existed simultaneously with active vibration absorber).However
It is usually simple passive bump leveller in existing dynamic vibration absorber experiment device for teaching, while also only can adjusts its suction
It shakes the quality and rigidity of device, damping is unadjustable, for that in teaching experiment, cannot show dynamic vibration absorber by matter in many aspects
Amount, rigidity, damping influence, cannot compare passive bump leveller, mixing bump leveller the characteristics of.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of experiment device for teaching for dynamic vibration absorber performance demonstration, in solution
State the problem of being proposed in background technology.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
A kind of experiment device for teaching for dynamic vibration absorber performance demonstration, including:
Bottom plate;
Column is fixed on the bottom plate;
Cantilever beam, one end are fixed on column top, and the other end is free end and is evenly arranged with several spiral shells along its length
Pit;
Eccentric motor, position are adjustably fixed at the cantilever top surface of the beam;
Contact vibrator is fixed on the bottom plate and immediately below cantilever beam;
Several dynamic vibration absorbers, and quantity adjustable by dynamic vibration absorber fixed block position are optionally secured to the cantilever
Soffit.
Further, the dynamic vibration absorber includes that L-shaped fixing bracket, one end are fixedly connected on one side with fixing bracket
L-shaped cantilever spring, the free end position of the cantilever spring is adjustable to be provided with dynamic iron core, and two outside of the dynamic iron core is logical
It crosses soket head cap screw and is symmetrically fixedly connected with the adjustable adjusting mass block of quantity, opening upwards are set among the dynamic iron core
Rectangular channel, is medially provided with the boss upwardly extended in the rectangular channel, and the two-phase of the rectangular channel is internally erected symmetrical on wall
The big of electromagnetic damping can be changed in the permanent magnet of the replaceable setting tool different cross-sectional in ground, the permanent magnet for using different cross section size instead
It is small;The hollow aluminium conductor that Open Side Down and endoporus is slidably matched with the boss is provided with by bolt on the fixing bracket,
The aluminium conductor, the aluminium conductor outer wall are wound with driving coil, and the outer surface of the driving coil is fixed with modeling by injecting glue
Expect protective shell.
Further, the bottom of the dynamic iron core is provided with the card slot being slidably matched with the cantilever spring and for locking
The screw of the fixed dynamic iron core and the cantilever spring relative position.
Further, the elongated slot that aluminium conductor position is accordingly adjusted according to dynamic iron core position is provided on the fixing bracket.
Further, fixing bracket right angle both sides are equipped with ribs.
Further, the dynamic vibration absorber fixed block is in hollow cube structure, and roof and four side walls are respectively provided with
There is threaded hole.
Further, the eccentric motor includes motor body, the eccentric wheel of the connection motor body, described in connection
The tripod of cantilever beam and motor body is provided with the sliding slot being slidably matched with the cantilever beam, the sliding slot bottom on the tripod
Portion is provided with several screws for locking the tripod and the cantilever beam relative position.
Further, the contact vibrator includes the substrate for being equipped with screw hole, is disposed on substrate to mirror image
Right plate and left plate, the right gripping block that is respectively provided at the top of the right plate and left plate and left gripping block, vertical height
The adjustably clamping cylinder between right gripping block and left gripping block.
Further, the top of the column is from top to bottom disposed with top board, lower platen and square groove connector, institute
It states cantilever beam one end to be clamped and installed between the lower platen and top board, and is fixed on square groove connector by several screws.
Further, the cantilever spring is made of phosphor bronze material, and the aluminium conductor is made of aluminum material, described outstanding
Arm beam is made of steel plate;The dynamic iron core, adjusting mass block are made of soft magnetic materials.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The quality of the dynamic vibration absorber of the present invention, rigidity, damping can be adjusted, and these parameters can be according to structure
Material property, size and position be calculated so that the being possibly realized property of notional result and actual tests result facilitates student
It instructs to test by theory.Multiple dynamic vibration absorbers are set in the same position of cantilever beam simultaneously, realize single-degree-of-freedom
The demonstration of multiple dynamic vibration absorber installs dynamic vibration absorber in the multiple positions of cantilever beam, multi-freedom-degree vibration control may be implemented
Demonstration.Using the driving coil of dynamic vibration absorber, it is powered to it and active vibration absorber and passive bump leveller may be implemented while making
Effect namely hybrid power bump leveller, structure of the invention make the damping of active vibration absorber and passive bump leveller share
One magnetic field has advantage simple in structure, to install and be easy, and stablize without Mechanical Contact, damping capacity.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is dynamic vibration absorber experimental rig general illustration;
Fig. 2 is the scheme of installation of cantilever beam and its correlated parts;
Fig. 3 is eccentric motor scheme of installation;
Fig. 4 is dynamic vibration absorber overall construction drawing;
Fig. 5 is dynamic vibration absorber front view;
Fig. 6 be in Fig. 5 A-A to cross section view;
Fig. 7 is dynamic iron core and adjusting mass block scheme of installation;
Fig. 8 is aluminium conductor structural schematic diagram;
Fig. 9 is fixing bracket and cantilever spring scheme of installation;
Figure 10 is dynamic vibration absorber fixed-block-architecture (FBA) schematic diagram;
Figure 11 is contact exciter structure schematic diagram;
Figure 12 is the demonstration graph of single power bump leveller work;
Figure 13 is the demonstration graph of multiple dynamic vibration absorber work;
Figure 14 is the demonstration graph of hybrid power bump leveller work;
Figure 15 is the demonstration graph of multimodal vibration suppression;
Figure 16 is first three rank Mode Shape schematic diagram of cantilever beam;
Figure 17 is single-mode system schematic diagram;
Figure 18 is single power bump leveller dynamics simplified model;
Figure 19 is multiple dynamic vibration absorber dynamics simplified model.
As shown in the figure:1- square grooves connector, 2- eccentric motors, 3- cantilever beams, 4- columns, 5- bottom plates, 6- contact excitings
Device, 7- lower platens, 8- top boards, the first dynamic vibration absorbers of 91- fixed block, the second dynamic vibration absorbers of 92- fixed block, 93- thirds
Dynamic vibration absorber fixed block, the first dynamic vibration absorbers of 11-, 111- adjust mass block, 112- adjusts mass block, 113- moves iron core,
114- fixing brackets, 115- cantilever springs, 116- permanent magnets, 117- plastic protection casings, 118- driving coils, 119- aluminium are led
Body, the 12, second dynamic vibration absorber, 13- thirds dynamic vibration absorber, the 4th dynamic vibration absorbers of 14-, the 5th dynamic vibration absorbers of 15-,
The 6th dynamic vibration absorbers of 16-, the 7th dynamic vibration absorbers of 17-, 21- eccentric wheels, 22- tripods, the first acceleration transducers of 31-,
32- experiment instruments, 33- computers, the second acceleration transducers of 34-, 35- thirds acceleration transducer, the 4th acceleration sensings of 36-
Device, 61- right plates, 62- left plates, the left gripping blocks of 63-, the right gripping blocks of 64-, 65- cylinders.
Specific implementation mode
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1 to 11, a kind of experiment device for teaching for dynamic vibration absorber performance demonstration, including:
Bottom plate 5;
Column 4 is fixed on the bottom plate 5;
Cantilever beam 3, one end are fixed on 4 top of column, and the other end is free end and is evenly arranged with along its length several
Threaded hole;
Eccentric motor 2, position are adjustably fixed at 3 top surface of the cantilever beam;
Contact vibrator 6 is fixed on the bottom plate 5 and immediately below cantilever beam 3;
Seven dynamic vibration absorbers and three dynamic vibration absorber fixed blocks, seven dynamic vibration absorbers are respectively:First power is inhaled
Shake device 11, the second dynamic vibration absorber 12, third dynamic vibration absorber 13, the 4th dynamic vibration absorber 14, the 5th dynamic vibration absorber 15,
6th dynamic vibration absorber 16, the 7th dynamic vibration absorber 17;Three dynamic vibration absorber fixed blocks are in hollow cube structure, roof
And four side wall be both provided with threaded hole, each dynamic vibration absorber fixed block is fixedly mounted on the spiral shell of cantilever beam 3 by the through-hole at top
It is the first dynamic vibration absorber fixed block 91 (see Figure 10), the second dynamic vibration absorber fixed block 92, the suction of third power respectively on pit
Shake device fixed block 93,
First dynamic vibration absorber 11, the second dynamic vibration absorber 12, third dynamic vibration absorber 13 are inhaled by the first power
The device fixed block 91 that shakes is fixed on the bottom of 3 free end of cantilever beam, wherein the second dynamic vibration absorber 12, third dynamic vibration absorber 13
It is symmetrical arranged in "-" type, first dynamic vibration absorber, 11 vertical second dynamic vibration absorber 12 and third dynamic vibration absorber 13 are simultaneously
It is directed toward the extending direction of cantilever beam 3;6th dynamic vibration absorber 16, the 7th dynamic vibration absorber 17 pass through third dynamic vibration absorber
Fixed block 93 is symmetrically fixed on cantilever beam 3 close to the bottom of column 4 in "-" type;4th dynamic vibration absorber the 14, the 5th is dynamic
Power bump leveller 15 is symmetrically fixed on the first dynamic vibration absorber fixed block 91 by the second dynamic vibration absorber fixed block 92 in "-" type
Position between third dynamic vibration absorber fixed block 93, the position of each dynamic vibration absorber fixed block and quantity can be as needed
It is adjusted and the threaded hole being uniformly arranged with the cantilever beam 3 is connect.
Wherein, as shown in Figure 4-8, the dynamic vibration absorber includes L-shaped fixing bracket 114, one end and fixing bracket 114
The L-shaped cantilever spring 115 being fixedly connected on one side, the free end position of the cantilever spring 115 is adjustable to be provided with dynamic iron
The heart 113,113 liang of outsides of the dynamic iron core are symmetrically fixedly connected with the adjustable adjusting mass block of quantity by soket head cap screw,
As in the present embodiment first adjust mass block 111 and second adjust mass block 112, second adjust mass block 112 on there are one
Counter sink and a threaded hole can be connect by hexagon socket head cap screw with a threaded hole on dynamic iron core 113, and first adjusts quality
Block 111 can be connect by hexagon socket head cap screw with the second adjusting mass block 112.Setting opening upwards among the dynamic iron core 113
Rectangular channel, is medially provided with the boss upwardly extended in the rectangular channel, and the two-phase of the rectangular channel is internally erected symmetrical on wall
The permanent magnet 116 of the replaceable setting tool different cross-sectional in ground, bolt is provided with that Open Side Down on the fixing bracket 114 and
The hollow aluminium conductor 119 that endoporus is slidably matched with the boss, 119 outer wall of the aluminium conductor are wound with driving coil 118, institute
The outer surface for stating driving coil 118 is fixed with plastic protection casing 117 by injecting glue.The permanent magnet 116 is opposite with aluminium conductor 119
The size in face can change, the size of electromagnetic damping can be changed in the permanent magnet 116 for using different cross section size instead.
In addition, as shown in fig. 6, the bottom of the dynamic iron core 113 is provided with and is slidably matched with the cantilever spring 115
Card slot and screw for locking the dynamic iron core 113 and 115 relative position of the cantilever spring, moving iron core 113 can be with
According to rigidity requirement on the length direction of cantilever spring 115 adjusting position, when the dynamic iron core 113 is moved to precalculated position
Afterwards, you can locked by tightening screw.
Relatively, it is led as shown in figure 9, being provided on the fixing bracket 114 and accordingly adjusting aluminium according to dynamic 113 position of iron core
The elongated slot of 119 position of body, can be according to the position of 113 position flexible modulation aluminium conductor 119 of dynamic iron core, to ensure to move iron core
113 boss can be in suitable relative position, the state being slidably matched with hollow aluminium conductor 119 always.Fixing bracket 114 is straight
The both sides Jiao Chu are equipped with ribs, to ensure it with enough rigidity.
Specifically, as shown in figure 3, the eccentric motor 2 includes the bias of motor body, the connection motor body
The tripod 22 of 21, the connection cantilever beam 3 and motor body is taken turns, is provided on the tripod 22 and matches with the sliding of the cantilever beam 3
The sliding slot of conjunction, the sliding slot bottom are provided with several screws for locking the tripod 22 and 3 relative position of the cantilever beam.
Specifically, as shown in figure 11, the contact vibrator 6 include equipped with the substrate of screw hole, mirror image it is separated
The right plate 61 and left plate 62 that are disposed on the substrate, the right clamping being respectively provided at the top of the right plate 61 and left plate 62
Block 63 and left gripping block 64, the vertical height adjustably clamping cylinder 65 between right gripping block 63 and left gripping block 64.
Specifically, the top of the column 4 is from top to bottom disposed with top board 8, lower platen 7 and square groove connector
1,3 one end of the cantilever beam is clamped and installed between the lower platen 7 and top board 8, and is fixed on square groove by several screws and is connected
On fitting 1.
In above-described embodiment, the cantilever spring 115 is made of phosphor bronze material, and the aluminium conductor 119 is by aluminum material
It is made, the cantilever beam 3 is made of steel plate;The dynamic iron core 113, adjusting mass block are made of soft magnetic materials.
The operating method of the present embodiment is as shown in figure 12, pacifies at the first dynamic vibration absorber 11 on the cantilever beam 3
Equipped with the first acceleration transducer 31, experiment instrument 32 is integrated with sensor data acquisition device, eccentric motor servo amplifier, exciting
Device servo amplifier, experiment instrument 32 connect computer 33 by data line, and computer 33 can collect sensor, contact vibrator
The data such as the force snesor on 6 cylinders.
The principle of absorbing is:The cantilever beam 3 of infinite degrees of freedom is equivalent to single-degree-of-freedom, wherein having ignored cantilever beam 3 certainly
The damping of body as shown in figure 17, and only focuses on the vibration of its first-order modal, and dynamic vibration absorber is mounted on to the freedom of cantilever beam 3
End, because the quality of of cantilever beam 3 itself cannot be ignored, it is therefore desirable to which its equally distributed mass concentration is equivalent to endpoint position
Quality, if its equivalent quality to endpoint be Meq, because of eccentric motor 2, the first dynamic vibration absorber fixed block 91 and fixed branch
Frame 114 is vibrated with cantilever beam, and quality belongs to the principal oscillation system i.e. quality of 3 vibrational system of cantilever beam, therefore sets the three
Quality summation be Mqt, then mass M=M of equivalent single-degree-of-freedom systemeq+Mqt, the stiffness K of cantilever beam 3 also can be by material
Mechanical knowledge is calculated.To reduce the vibration of the system, increase a dynamic vibration absorber in the above, namely increase a band
There are rigidity and the single-mode system of damping, constitutes coupled system, the kinetic model after simplifying is as shown in figure 18,
Wherein rigidity cantilever spring 115 made of phosphor bronze provides, and sets its rigidity as k, and damping is provided by aluminium conductor 119, because
It is equipped with the tablet that the magnetic field that permanent magnet 116 provides passes through 119 both sides of aluminium conductor for both sides, permanent magnet is servo-actuated iron core 113 and vibrates,
Then aluminium conductor 119 moves in magnetic field and cutting magnetic induction line, generation current vortex, and then generation hinder to move the power that iron core 113 moves,
113 kinergety of iron core is moved in consumption, thus generates electromagnetic damping, and damping c can be obtained according to dependency structure parameter to calculate,
The quality summation of iron core 113, permanent magnet 116 and the adjusting mass block being added as needed on is set simultaneously as m, as long as then to rigidity
K and damping c settings are reasonable, can be so that the vibration of cantilever beam 3 is reduced.
The present embodiment first loads onto eccentric motor 2, the first dynamic vibration absorber fixed block 91 using eccentric motor 2 as driving source
With fixing bracket 114, the rotating speed of eccentric motor 2 is adjusted to certain value, namely generate certain driving frequency, if its value is f0,
It utilizes the first acceleration transducer 31 to measure the acceleration signal near 3 free end of cantilever beam at this time, is loaded on the suction of the first power
Shake device 11, the acceleration responsive signal of 3 free end of observation cantilever beam, at this time if setting the intrinsic frequency of dynamic vibration absorber as fn
=f0 can then minimize the original vibration for not adding dynamic vibration absorber of cantilever beam 3, and the intrinsic frequency of dynamic vibration absorber can
To be adjusted by changing its rigidity k and quality m, wherein the method for changing rigidity k is to adjust to move iron core in cantilever spring 115
Position.
Further, change 2 rotating speed of eccentric motor, the rigidity k of dynamic vibration absorber is remained unchanged, and observation cantilever beam 3 is freely
The acceleration responsive signal before and after installing dynamic vibration absorber is held, effectiveness in vibration suppression is deteriorated, even with respect to original vibration amplitude
Increase, such case does not play effectiveness in vibration suppression.
Embodiment 2:
With reference to figure 12, on the basis of embodiment 1, driving source of the contact vibrator 6 as system is used instead, by cylinder
65 are up adjusted so that 3 lower surface of ejector pin contact cantilever beam above it, and certain precompression is generated, eccentric motor 2 is still pacified
It mounted in the free end of cantilever beam 3, but does not work, is only used as additional mass.The energisation mode of contact vibrator 6 uses frequency sweep side
Formula is such as arranged from 0 to fe, and wherein the value of fe is more than the first natural frequency of cantilever beam and is less than second order intrinsic frequency, utilizes the
One acceleration transducer 31 measures acceleration responsive signal of 3 free end of cantilever beam before and after installing dynamic vibration absorber, and to connect
For the force signal of touch vibrator 6 as input signal, the amplitude versus frequency characte for making the transmission function before and after installation dynamic vibration absorber is bent
Line observes its effectiveness in vibration suppression.There are one peak values for amplitude-versus-frequency curve before filling dynamic vibration absorber, and dress dynamic vibration absorber it
There are two peak values afterwards, and the two peak values are usually unequal.
Further, while being also required in practical engineering application, adjust the rigidity of the first dynamic vibration absorber 11,
So that two peak values of its amplitude-versus-frequency curve are equal, learnt using optimal people having the same aspiration and interest condition, it is required that following equation 1 is set up:
Formula 1:
And have:γ=ωn/Ωn,M=Meq+Mqt, Meq=33/
144M0, k=3EI1/l3, K=3EI0/L3
In formula:The intrinsic frequency ratio of γ dynamic vibration absorbers and main system, ωnFor the inherent circular frequency of dynamic vibration absorber,
ΩnFor single order inherent circular frequency of the main system, that is, cantilever beam 3 containing eccentric motor 2, E is the elasticity modulus of respective material, I1For cantilever
The section second moment of beam spring 115, I0For the section second moment of cantilever beam 3, k is the rigidity of dynamic vibration absorber, and K is main system
Rigidity, L are distance of the dynamic vibration absorber installation point apart from cantilever beam fixing end, and l is dynamic iron core 113 apart from cantilever spring 115
The distance of fixing end.
In the present embodiment, purpose is to adjust l so that formula 1 is set up, then can make the first dynamic vibration absorber of installation 11
Afterwards, two peak values of the amplitude-versus-frequency curve of the free end acceleration transmission function of cantilever beam 3 are equal.
Further, the permanent magnet 116 for using different cross section size instead on dynamic iron core 113 changes it and damps size, observation
The sectional area of the changing rule of curve, wherein permanent magnet 116 is smaller, and damping is smaller.
Embodiment 3:
With reference to figure 13, on the basis of embodiment 2, increase by second dynamic vibration absorber 12, constitutes the suction of two ponderomotive forces
It shakes device system, the amplitude-versus-frequency curve of the acceleration responsive after the dynamic vibration absorber of observation installation at this time, there are three peak values, to make
Three peak values are contour, it can be made to meet formula 2,
Formula 2:γ1=0.403 (μ+0.131)-0.437, γ2=-0.72 μ+1.03
γ in formula1And γ2The first dynamic vibration absorber 11 and the second dynamic vibration absorber 12 and main system intrinsic frequency are indicated respectively
Ratio, relevant parameter and computational methods are the same as described in embodiment 2 in formula.
Further, increase third dynamic vibration absorber 13, the kinetic model after simplifying is as shown in figure 19, observes its width
There are four peak values for frequency characteristic curve, and effectiveness in vibration suppression and robustness are superior to single power bump leveller.
Embodiment 4:
With reference to figure 14, on the basis of embodiment 2, to the driving coil 118 be powered, shown driving coil 118 with forever
Magnet 116 generates interaction force, and permanent magnet 116 is solid by dynamic iron core 113, cantilever spring 115, the first dynamic vibration absorber
Determine the quality that block 91 transmits the force to main system, the i.e. free end of cantilever beam 3, the current direction for changing driving coil 118 can be with
Change the direction of power, adjusts the size and frequency of 118 electric current of driving coil, 113 vibration amplitude of dynamic iron core and frequency can be adjusted
Or the size and frequency of power, and then control the vibration of main system.The electronic control component being powered to driving coil 118 is integrated in reality
It tests on instrument 32, computer 33 controls the electric current of driving coil 118 by electronic control component on control experiment instrument 32, in computer
Control program can be write on 33, to realize active vibration absorber, because control algolithm needs to feed back, thus in dynamic iron core
113 increase the 4th acceleration transducer 36 below, to feed back the vibration signal of the first dynamic vibration absorber 11, in addition because of aluminium
Conductor 119 equally exists passive electromagnetic force and damping, therefore this embodiment achieves active vibration absorber and passive bump leveller are same
When the demonstration operation that works, namely realize hybrid power bump leveller.
Embodiment 5:
Referring to Fig.1 shown in 5, it is therefore an objective to realize and carry out vibration control to first three rank mode of cantilever beam 3, first three rank is shaken
Type individually controls every rank mode to realize similar to shown in Figure 16, needs to select suitable dynamic vibration absorber installation point,
So that the coupling per rank modal vibration is smaller, principle be select the deformation of certain rank Mode Shape maximum or larger point, and other
The Mode Shape of rank is deformed into zero or smaller, thus for the control of 1 rank mode, select the O points in Figure 16, i.e. cantilever beam 3
Free end, at this time node, that is, Mode Shape of 2 ranks and 3 rank mode be deformed into zero point near 3 free end of cantilever beam, for 2
The control of rank mode, choose Figure 16 in △ points, close to the midpoint of cantilever beam 3, at this point, 1 rank intrinsic frequency be its most
The 1/3 of large deformation, the control for 3 rank mode, choose Figure 16 in points, 3 fixing end of positional distance cantilever beam about 1/3,
Simultaneously in the position, the deformation of 2 rank mode is little, therefore influence of the selection of the position to modal coupling is little.
In the present embodiment, does not have to eccentric motor 2 and be used as additional mass, while the present embodiment is made using contact vibrator 6
For driving source, using sweep method into row energization, maximum excitation frequency is more than 3 rank intrinsic frequencies of cantilever beam.5 institute referring to Fig.1
Show, the vibration control of 1 rank mode is carried out using the second dynamic vibration absorber 12 and third dynamic vibration absorber 13, using the 4th power
Bump leveller 14 and the 5th dynamic vibration absorber 15 carry out the vibration control of 2 rank mode, dynamic using the 6th dynamic vibration absorber 16 and the 7th
Power bump leveller 17 carries out the vibration control of 3 rank mode, and the vibration control of each mode is double dynamic vibration absorber, to realize
The optimal people having the same aspiration and interest described in embodiment 3, i.e. the 3 of the amplitude-versus-frequency curve of acceleration transmission function peak value is contour, needs to adjust every
The rigidity k of a dynamic vibration absorber, adjusting method with double dynamic vibration absorber embodiment described in embodiment 3 method, still
The equivalent mass M and equivalent rigidity K of main system are then different, quality actinobolia can be utilized to obtain, the following formula of formula 3
Shown in formula 4:
Formula 3:
Formula 4:
In formula:MjiIndicate the i-th rank mode in the equivalent mass of j points, KjiIndicate the i-th rank mode j points equivalent rigidity:
ΔmjiIt indicates in the additional mass that j points give, ωjiIndicate the inherent circular frequency of the i rank mode after j point additional mass, ΩjiIt is
The inherent circular frequency of the i rank mode of original system, this method can be obtained by finite element analysis, can also pass through experimental method
It obtains.
The cantilever spring rigidity for adjusting each dynamic vibration absorber after realizing the optimal people having the same aspiration and interest, is swashed using contact vibrator 6
It encourages, is measured with the first acceleration transducer 31, the second acceleration transducer 34 and third acceleration transducer 35 moved at three respectively
The acceleration responsive of power bump leveller installation point makes the transmission function frequency characteristic of each point, observe its feature and for
Effectiveness in vibration suppression under each rank intrinsic frequency.
Although with reference to aforementioned 5 embodiments, invention is explained in detail, and those skilled in the art is come
Say, still can with technical scheme described in the above embodiments is modified, or to which part technical characteristic into
Row equivalent replacement, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of experiment device for teaching for dynamic vibration absorber performance demonstration, which is characterized in that including:
Bottom plate (5);
Column (4) is fixed on the bottom plate (5);
Cantilever beam (3), one end are fixed on column (4) top, and the other end is free end and is evenly arranged with along its length several
Threaded hole;
Eccentric motor (2), position are adjustably fixed at the cantilever beam (3) top surface;
Contact vibrator (6) is fixed on the bottom plate (5) and immediately below cantilever beam (3);
Several dynamic vibration absorbers, and quantity adjustable by dynamic vibration absorber fixed block position are optionally secured to the cantilever beam
(3) bottom surface.
2. experiment device for teaching according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The dynamic vibration absorber includes that L-shaped is fixed
The L-shaped cantilever spring (115) that holder (114), one end are fixedly connected on one side with fixing bracket (114), the cantilever spring
(115) free end position is adjustable to be provided with dynamic iron core (113), and (113) two outside of the dynamic iron core passes through soket head cap screw
It is symmetrically fixedly connected with the adjustable adjusting mass block of quantity, the rectangular channel of opening upwards is set among the dynamic iron core (113),
Medially it is provided with the boss upwardly extended in the rectangular channel, the two-phase of the rectangular channel is internally erected symmetrically replaceable on wall
The permanent magnet (116) of tool different cross-sectional is set;It is provided with that Open Side Down and endoporus on the fixing bracket (114) by bolt
The hollow aluminium conductor (119) being slidably matched with the boss, the aluminium conductor (119), aluminium conductor (119) outer wall are wound with
The outer surface of driving coil (118), the driving coil (118) is fixed with plastic protection casing (117) by injecting glue.
3. experiment device for teaching according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The bottom of the dynamic iron core (113) is provided with
The card slot that is slidably matched with the cantilever spring (115) and for locking the dynamic iron core (113) and the cantilever spring
(115) screw of relative position.
4. experiment device for teaching according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:It is provided with root on the fixing bracket (114)
The elongated slot of aluminium conductor (119) position is accordingly adjusted according to dynamic iron core (113) position.
5. experiment device for teaching according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:Fixing bracket (114) right angle both sides are equipped with
Ribs.
6. experiment device for teaching according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The dynamic vibration absorber fixed block is in hollow
Cube structure, roof and four side walls are both provided with threaded hole.
7. experiment device for teaching according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The eccentric motor (2) includes motor sheet
Body, the eccentric wheel (21) for connecting the motor body, the tripod (22) for connecting the cantilever beam (3) and motor body, the foot
The sliding slot being slidably matched with the cantilever beam (3) is provided on frame (22), the sliding slot bottom is provided with several for locking institute
State the screw of tripod (22) and the cantilever beam (3) relative position.
8. experiment device for teaching according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The contact vibrator (6) includes being equipped with
The substrate of screw hole, the right plate (61) being disposed on substrate to mirror image and left plate (62) are respectively provided at the right side
Right gripping block (63) and left gripping block (64), vertical height at the top of plate (61) and left plate (62) is adjustably clamping in right clamping
Cylinder (65) between block (63) and left gripping block (64).
9. experiment device for teaching according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The top of the column (4) from top to bottom according to
It is secondary to be provided with top board (8), lower platen (7) and square groove connector (1), described cantilever beam (3) one end be clamped and installed in it is described under
Between pressing plate (7) and top board (8), and it is fixed on square groove connector (1) by several screws.
10. experiment device for teaching according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The cantilever spring (115) is by phosphor bronze
Material is made, and the aluminium conductor (119) is made of aluminum material, and the cantilever beam (3) is made of steel plate;The dynamic iron core (113),
Mass block is adjusted to be made of soft magnetic materials.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810694437.8A CN108694881B (en) | 2018-06-29 | Teaching experiment device for demonstrating performance of dynamic vibration absorber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810694437.8A CN108694881B (en) | 2018-06-29 | Teaching experiment device for demonstrating performance of dynamic vibration absorber |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108694881A true CN108694881A (en) | 2018-10-23 |
| CN108694881B CN108694881B (en) | 2024-07-05 |
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| CN109951044A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-06-28 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of electromagnetic energy collector based on dynamic vibration absorber |
| CN110138170A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-16 | 华东交通大学 | A kind of track tuned vibration power generator |
| CN112309208A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-02-02 | 西安理工大学 | Single-degree-of-freedom vibration and resonance demonstration teaching aid |
| CN113611195A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-05 | 合肥工业大学 | Dynamic vibration reduction experimental device and experimental method |
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| CN205841597U (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-28 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of electromagnetic type active vibration absorber |
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| CN200962274Y (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2007-10-17 | 秦树人 | Virtual test vibration and control integrated experimental device |
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| CN105952830A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-09-21 | 华南理工大学 | Electromagnetic type active vibration absorber |
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| CN109951044A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-06-28 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of electromagnetic energy collector based on dynamic vibration absorber |
| CN110138170A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-16 | 华东交通大学 | A kind of track tuned vibration power generator |
| CN112309208A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-02-02 | 西安理工大学 | Single-degree-of-freedom vibration and resonance demonstration teaching aid |
| CN113611195A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-05 | 合肥工业大学 | Dynamic vibration reduction experimental device and experimental method |
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