CN108690934A - High-performance track vehicle austenitic stainless steel alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-performance track vehicle austenitic stainless steel alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
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Abstract
The invention belongs to stainless steel alloy technical fields, and in particular to a kind of high-performance track vehicle austenitic stainless steel alloy and preparation method thereof, which includes following weight percent composition:C≤0.1%, P≤0.03%, S≤0.01%, Si 0.2-1.0%, Mn 3.0-6.0%, Cr 14-16%, Ni 4.5-5.5%, Cu 0.6-1.0%, N 0.3-0.4%, Nb≤0.1%, Ti≤0.1%, V≤0.1%, Ba≤0.01%, rare earth elements RE≤0.1%, surplus Fe.The austenitic stainless steel alloy can meet high intensity, high-wearing feature and corrosion resistance requirement of the rail vehicle to material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to stainless steel alloy technical fields, and in particular to a kind of high-performance track vehicle austenitic stainless steel
Alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In face of increasingly serious Environmental Protection Situation and to resource-effective rigors, the public friendship in city is greatly developed and perfected
Entire body system has become many countries and regions in the world and copes with energy-saving one of the measure taken.Urban rail transit vehicles are made
For the carrier of public transit systems, the lightweight of its own and long service life become the inexorable trend developed.
Currently, the Urban Rail Transit Development in China is quickly, has multiple cities and open or building city rail traffic, rail
The demand of road traffic car surges.Stainless steel passenger car is high with bus body strength, corrosion resistance is good, maintenance cost is low, low energy consumption, ring
The advantages that border pollution is small and handsome in appearance, meets the trend of rail vehicle lightweight and superior development, is urban rail car from now on
The main direction of development.If using light-weight design again on the basis of stainless steel passenger car, car body gross mass is made further to drop
It is low, about mitigate 40% or so than common steel vehicle weight, therefore lot of materials can be saved, conservation-minded society has emphatically to development
The meaning wanted.
Invention content
It, can be with invention broadly provides a kind of high-performance track vehicle austenitic stainless steel alloy and preparation method thereof
Meet high intensity, high-wearing feature and corrosion resistance requirement of the rail vehicle to material.Its technical solution is as follows:
A kind of high-performance track vehicle austenitic stainless steel alloy comprising following weight percent composition:C≤
0.1%, P≤0.03%, S≤0.01%, Si 0.2-1.0%, Mn 3.0-6.0%, Cr 14-16%, Ni 4.5-5.5%,
Cu 0.6-1.0%, N 0.3-0.4%, Nb≤0.1%, Ti≤0.1%, V≤0.1%, Ba≤0.01%, rare earth elements RE
≤ 0.1%, surplus Fe.
Preferably, the rare earth element is one or more of lanthanum, cerium, yttrium.
Preferably, the rare earth element is one or more of lanthanum, cerium, yttrium and one kind in praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium
Or it several is composed.
Preferably, the quality of any one or more element accounts for rare earth element total amount and is more than or equal in lanthanum, cerium and yttrium
99.5%.
A kind of preparation method of high-performance track vehicle austenitic stainless steel alloy, the technique include smelting, ingot casting
Or ingot formation, hot rolling, cold rolling and roll after annealing acid pickling step.
Preferably, the smelting is specifically, using vaccum sensitive stove, electric furnace+AOD furnace, electric furnace+AOD furnace+external refining
Any one of LF stoves technique smelts the other components in addition to rare earth element, and rare earth element, casting temperature are added before tapping casting
Degree control is at 1500-1650 DEG C.
Preferably, the ingot casting or ingot formation use hammer cogging or continuous casting and rolling, heating temperature 1150-1250
DEG C, cogging initial forging temperature is 1100-1200 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 950-1050 DEG C.
Preferably, when carrying out hot rolling, blank heating temperature is 1150-1250 DEG C, and start rolling temperature is 1100-1200 DEG C, eventually
It is 950-1050 DEG C to roll temperature.
Preferably, when carrying out cold rolling, cold roling reduction 47-82%.
Preferably, the annealing temperature for rolling after annealing pickling is 900-1050 DEG C.
Room-temperature yield strength of the conventional austenitic stainless steel under hot-roll annealing state is generally relatively low, and manufacturing enterprise is logical
Normal way is that the martensitic structure of high intensity is obtained after being processed by aximal deformation value cold rolling, and the surrender of stainless steel is improved with this
Intensity, but adjoint problem is that martensitic phase itself is hard and crisp, and stainless hardness of steel unavoidably brings extension while raising
The reduction of rate and toughness.Therefore it is to avoid these problems, the reasonable distribution that the present invention passes through chromium, nitrogen and manganese element in steel, it is ensured that
Nitrogen reaches solid solution strengthening effect to be dissolved state presence;Suitable rare earth, barium, niobium, vanadium and titanium elements are added simultaneously, are generated
Refined crystalline strengthening and intercrystalline strengthening effect, these elements can reduce grain boundary defects, improve the binding force of crystal boundary, reduce the diffusion of crystal boundary
Rate strengthens crystal boundary to slow down dislocation climb;Meanwhile rare earth element and barium can also be enriched in crystal boundary, and it is miscellaneous to reduce S, P etc.
Prime element while improving grain boundary structure in the segregation of crystal boundary, improves grain-boundary strength, improves corrosion resistance.Therefore, the present invention is thin
Crystalline substance ensure that steel has higher elongation percentage and toughness while reinforcing.
Using the above scheme, the present invention has the following advantages:
Alloy of the present invention considers the factors such as production cost and performance, have developed a kind of addition rare earth element,
The alloying elements such as barium, titanium, vanadium and niobium are used based on the high-performance track vehicle of refined crystalline strengthening and micro alloying element complex intensifying
Austenitic stainless steel alloy material.The austenitic stainless steel alloy of the present invention, can be used as trolley coach, railway freight-car and new energy
The structure steels such as automobile.The room-temperature mechanical property of austenitic stainless steel alloy of the present invention is excellent, and tensile strength reaches as high as
1255MPa is far longer than SUS304 stainless steels, in addition, the present invention and gold also have preferable corrosion resistance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the impact flexibility of the austenitic stainless steel and comparative example 1-3 grades of steel of embodiment 1-5 preparations at different temperatures
Schematic diagram.
Specific implementation mode
Experimental method in following embodiment is conventional method unless otherwise required, involved experiment reagent and material
Material is conventional biochemical reagent and material unless otherwise required.
Embodiment 1-14
The ingredient of austenitic stainless steel is shown in Table 1 in embodiment 1-14.Specific processing technology is as follows for stainless steel:
(1) it smelts:Using any one of vaccum sensitive stove, electric furnace+AOD furnace, electric furnace+AOD furnace+external refining LF stoves work
Skill smelts the other components in addition to rare earth element, and rare earth element is added before tapping casting, and cast temperature is controlled in 1500-1650
℃;
(2) ingot casting or ingot formation:Using hammer cogging or continuous casting and rolling, heating temperature is 1150-1250 DEG C, cogging
Initial forging temperature is 1100-1200 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 950-1050 DEG C;
(3) hot rolling:Blank heating temperature is 1150-1250 DEG C, and start rolling temperature is 1100-1200 DEG C, and finishing temperature is
950-1050℃;
(4) cold rolling:Cold roling reduction is 47-82%;
(5) after annealing pickling is rolled:It is that steel forging is made or hot-roll annealing simultaneously pickling, cold rolling retreat acid of fighting to roll after annealing pickling
It washes, 900-1050 DEG C of annealing temperature.
The samples such as the mechanical property of austenitic stainless steel of the present invention and corrosion resistance directly retreat acid of fighting from cold rolling
It is laterally sampled on the plank washed.
Comparative example 1-3
As a comparison case with tri- kinds of austenitic stainless steels of commercial SUS201, SUS301 and SUS304, it and is labeled as successively pair
Ratio 1,2,3.Contrast test is using identical smelting environment with embodiment.Comparative example 1-3 ingredients are shown in Table 1.
The chemical composition (wt%) of stainless steel and comparative example 1-3 grades of steel made from 1 embodiment 1-14 of table
Steel grade | C | Si | Mn | S | P | Cr | Ni | Nb | Ti | V | Cu | Ba | RE | N |
Embodiment 1 | 0.06 | 0.39 | 5.84 | 0.005 | 0.020 | 15.72 | 4.87 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.66 | 0.008 | 0.041 | 0.32 |
Embodiment 2 | 0.07 | 0.65 | 5.63 | 0.005 | 0.018 | 15.65 | 5.19 | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 0.73 | 0.006 | 0.054 | 0.34 |
Embodiment 3 | 0.08 | 0.46 | 4.96 | 0.006 | 0.016 | 15.87 | 4.90 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.75 | 0.007 | 0.033 | 0.36 |
Embodiment 4 | 0.06 | 0.53 | 4.75 | 0.007 | 0.015 | 15.36 | 5.35 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.83 | 0.009 | 0.039 | 0.37 |
Embodiment 5 | 0.07 | 0.50 | 5.59 | 0.004 | 0.017 | 15.51 | 5.28 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.84 | 0.008 | 0.046 | 0.38 |
Embodiment 6 | 0.09 | 0.82 | 5.78 | 0.006 | 0.013 | 14.93 | 5.43 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.92 | 0.009 | 0.036 | 0.35 |
Embodiment 7 | 0.06 | 0.91 | 4.85 | 0.005 | 0.015 | 14.86 | 4.71 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.69 | 0.007 | 0.048 | 0.35 |
Embodiment 8 | 0.08 | 0.68 | 5.92 | 0.003 | 0.016 | 15.94 | 5.24 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.85 | 0.008 | 0.057 | 0.38 |
Embodiment 9 | 0.07 | 0.49 | 5.47 | 0.006 | 0.017 | 15.48 | 4.82 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.71 | 0.007 | 0.064 | 0.36 |
Embodiment 10 | 0.09 | 0.75 | 5.38 | 0.007 | 0.014 | 15.25 | 5.39 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.87 | 0.009 | 0.072 | 0.39 |
Embodiment 11 | 0.06 | 0.58 | 5.67 | 0.005 | 0.013 | 14.79 | 4.96 | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 0.93 | 0.009 | 0.051 | 0.38 |
Embodiment 12 | 0.08 | 0.84 | 5.54 | 0.004 | 0.018 | 15.37 | 5.40 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.76 | 0.008 | 0.045 | 0.37 |
Embodiment 13 | 0.09 | 0.66 | 5.81 | 0.006 | 0.015 | 15.46 | 5.07 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.65 | 0.006 | 0.053 | 0.35 |
Embodiment 14 | 0.07 | 0.72 | 5.53 | 0.005 | 0.013 | 15.54 | 5.18 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.70 | 0.007 | 0.042 | 0.36 |
Comparative example 1 | 0.10 | 0.65 | 7.25 | 0.017 | 0.025 | 17.82 | 5.38 | — | — | — | 1.25 | — | — | 0.18 |
Comparative example 2 | 0.09 | 0.84 | 1.76 | 0.015 | 0.022 | 17.87 | 7.82 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.02 |
Comparative example 3 | 0.05 | 0.56 | 1.68 | 0.016 | 0.017 | 18.73 | 9.65 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.03 |
Performance measurement
Respectively to the stainless steel and comparative example 1-3 grades of steel corrosion resistance and room-temperature mechanical property etc. described in embodiment 1-14
Contrast test is carried out, concrete outcome see the table below 2-4.
The room-temperature mechanical property of austenitic stainless steel and comparative example 1-3 grades of steel prepared by 2 embodiment 1-14 of table and resistance to point are rotten
Corrosion energy
The ballistic work of austenitic stainless steel and comparative example 1-3 grades of steel prepared by 3 embodiment 1-14 of table at different temperatures
Austenitic stainless steel and comparative example 1-3 grades of steel prepared by 4 embodiment 1-14 of table is at boiling temperature 5% (wt.%)
H2SO4Corrosion rate in aqueous solution
Number | Steel grade | Corrosion rate C, g/m2·h | Year corrosion rate R, mm/y |
1 | Embodiment 1 | 8.862 | 9.946 |
2 | Embodiment 2 | 7.925 | 8.894 |
3 | Embodiment 3 | 8.076 | 9.064 |
4 | Embodiment 4 | 8.351 | 9.372 |
5 | Embodiment 5 | 8.649 | 10.918 |
6 | Embodiment 6 | 9.493 | 9.706 |
7 | Embodiment 7 | 9.052 | 10.159 |
8 | Embodiment 8 | 7.035 | 7.895 |
9 | Embodiment 9 | 9.258 | 10.390 |
10 | Embodiment 10 | 9.237 | 10.367 |
11 | Embodiment 11 | 8.975 | 10.073 |
12 | Embodiment 12 | 7.224 | 8.107 |
13 | Embodiment 13 | 7.461 | 8.373 |
14 | Embodiment 14 | 7.713 | 8.662 |
15 | Comparative example 1 | 24.758 | 27.786 |
16 | Comparative example 2 | 21.425 | 24.045 |
17 | Comparative example 3 | 19.036 | 21.364 |
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that technical solution that can be as described above and design, make various other
Corresponding change and deformation, and all these changes and deformation should all belong to the protection domain of the claims in the present invention
Within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of high-performance track vehicle austenitic stainless steel alloy comprising following weight percent composition:C≤0.1%,
P≤0.03%, S≤0.01%, Si 0.2-1.0%, Mn 3.0-6.0%, Cr 14-16%, Ni 4.5-5.5%, Cu 0.6-
1.0%, N 0.3-0.4%, Nb≤0.1%, Ti≤0.1%, V≤0.1%, Ba≤0.01%, rare earth elements RE≤0.1%,
Surplus is Fe.
2. high-performance track vehicle austenitic stainless steel alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The rare earth
Element is one or more of lanthanum, cerium, yttrium.
3. high-performance track vehicle austenitic stainless steel alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The rare earth
Element is that one or more of lanthanum, cerium, yttrium are composed with one or more of praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium.
4. high-performance track vehicle austenitic stainless steel alloy according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:Lanthanum, cerium and
The quality of any one or more element accounts for rare earth element total amount more than or equal to 99.5% in yttrium.
5. a kind of preparation method of high-performance track vehicle austenitic stainless steel alloy described in claim 1, feature exist
In:The technique includes smelting, ingot casting or ingot formation, hot rolling, cold rolling and rolls after annealing acid pickling step.
6. the preparation method of high-performance track vehicle austenitic stainless steel alloy according to claim 5, feature exist
In:The smelting is specifically, using any in vaccum sensitive stove, electric furnace+AOD furnace, electric furnace+AOD furnace+external refining LF stoves
Kind technique smelts the other components in addition to rare earth element, and addition rare earth element, cast temperature are controlled in 1500- before tapping casting
1650℃。
7. the preparation method of high-performance track vehicle austenitic stainless steel alloy according to claim 5, feature exist
In:It is 1150-1250 DEG C that the ingot casting or ingot formation, which use hammer cogging or continuous casting and rolling, heating temperature, and cogging is begun to forge temperature
Degree is 1100-1200 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 950-1050 DEG C.
8. the preparation method of high-performance track vehicle austenitic stainless steel alloy according to claim 5, feature exist
In:When carrying out hot rolling, blank heating temperature is 1150-1250 DEG C, and start rolling temperature is 1100-1200 DEG C, finishing temperature 950-
1050℃。
9. the preparation method of high-performance track vehicle austenitic stainless steel alloy according to claim 5, feature exist
In:When carrying out cold rolling, cold roling reduction 47-82%.
10. the preparation method of high-performance track vehicle austenitic stainless steel alloy according to claim 5, feature exist
In:The annealing temperature for rolling after annealing pickling is 900-1050 DEG C.
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CN116426833A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-07-14 | 四川六合特种金属材料股份有限公司 | High-plasticity high-purity single-phase austenitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
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