CN108687099A - A method of processing domestic waste - Google Patents

A method of processing domestic waste Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108687099A
CN108687099A CN201710223813.0A CN201710223813A CN108687099A CN 108687099 A CN108687099 A CN 108687099A CN 201710223813 A CN201710223813 A CN 201710223813A CN 108687099 A CN108687099 A CN 108687099A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
rubbish
screenings
high temperature
kettle
incinerator
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN201710223813.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
蒋卫
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to CN201710223813.0A priority Critical patent/CN108687099A/en
Publication of CN108687099A publication Critical patent/CN108687099A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B5/00Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the methods of processing municipal refuse.This method is to sieve domestic waste by 40-100mm, and oversize is sent into incinerator, burns the heat recovery and utilization of generation, and the ash of generation directly fills;Screenings can be used as the raw material of fertilizer or feed after high temperature high pressure process.Innoxious, the minimizing of garbage disposal, decrement up to 85% can be fully achieved in this method, while realizing recycling, and recycling is up to 65% or more, therefore this method has great Social benefit and economic benefit.

Description

A method of processing domestic waste
Technical field
The present invention relates to the methods of processing municipal refuse.
Background technology
Urban garbage disposal is global problem, and the general objective of garbage disposal is innoxious, minimizing, recycling. World's garbage disposal for many years substantially uses three kinds of methods:(1) burning method, this method burn rubbish using incinerator It burns.Feature is thorough minimizing, innoxious, and secondary pollution is few, but cost is big, and operating cost is high.(2) landfill method, to fermentation Three months or more up to innoxious organic waste fill out hole it is buried.Feature be reached a degree of innoxious, but take up an area compared with Greatly, sewage and biogas are also will produce, after-treatment need to be carried out.(3) composting method, feature are that compost leans on spontaneous fermentation, and the time is long, Harmful bacteria mass propagation generates a large amount of pernicious gas pollution environment.Heap fertilizer nutrient is too low not to be welcome by peasant.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to one kind making thorough innoxious, 85% or more the decrement of rubbish, and can realize recycling Waste disposal method.Rubbish can be used as manufacture compoiste fertilizer or foster fly maggot, the feedstuff for feeding fish after harmless treatment. The heat that combustible is released in burning in rubbish can be recovered, and the resource utilization of rubbish can reach 65% or more.
The main component of domestic waste is dirt, brick and tile, ceramics, metal, stationery, plastics, rubber, textile fabric, glass Glass, wood bamboo, food etc..It is 40-100mm roller sieve separations by rubbish material grain size, is oversize more than the value, is less than The value is screenings.Before screening, by manually bulk metal object is picked.After screening, the percent by weight content of oversize Percent by weight content for 40%-50%, screenings is 60%-50%.
The percent by weight content of combustible (such as stationery, plastics, rubber, textile fabric, wood bamboo, food) is in oversize 80%-90%.The oversize is sent into incinerator, since oversize combustible content is higher, so under the high temperature conditions Oversize can fully burn.The heat that burning generates is recycled, and is respectively used to:(1) heating oil oven is subsequent handling High temperature and high pressure kettle provide heat source;(2) heating is blown into the air of incinerator burner hearth;(3) it is used for winter heating.What burning generated The solid lime-ash that property is stablized directly fills or can be used for brickmaking etc..
In screenings, the percent by weight content of dirt, brick and tile, ceramics, glass, ferromagnetic waste etc. is in 60%-70%. Ferromagnetic waste therein is removed by iron remover.Screenings is packed into high temperature and high pressure kettle, heats 150-200 DEG C, pressurize 4.8-16 Simultaneously heat-insulation pressure keeping 0.5-2 hours, rubbish can become purees for a air pressure, and plastics therein are blocky in condensation.In high temperature and pressure During handling rubbish in kettle, the moisture of 50-60% is needed in kettle, and the moisture content to discharge is 40% or so, so keeping the temperature It after pressurize, is first exhausted, if moisture content is also high, secondary exhaust should be carried out.When material water ratio reaches 40% or so It is sprayed afterwards.The material of ejection is sieved again, and oversize is sent into incinerator and is burned, and screenings utilizes making fertilizer.In this way Through burning and the rubbish of high temperature and high pressure kettle processing, bacterium therein, virus are utterly destroyed, waste reduction can reach 85% with On, at the same burn generation heat and high temperature and high pressure kettle processing after material be used appropriately, make garbage disposal reach it is innoxious, Minimizing, recycling.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the method for further describing present invention processing domestic waste.
It elaborates now to the present invention.
Domestic waste is shipped by vehicle, connects rubbish grain size optional value within the scope of 40-100mm, will with rotary screen Rubbish is divided into oversize and screenings.Wherein the weight percent of oversize is 40-50%, and the weight percent of screenings is 50-60%.Screenings is out fallen on artificial go-no-go belt feeder by sieve mouth, while belt feeder is run, by manually will be upper Iron, the pop can in face pick to recycle.Other rubbish on belt feeder proceed to burning batch hopper, sending through incinerator Rubbish is served fire grate and burned by glassware.Rubbish after fully burning becomes lime-ash and flying dust without organic matter.Ash Slag is sent out by the clinker roller of fire grate end, is fallen into the ash-pushing machine of full water, and ash is sent to after extinguishing cooling in ash-pushing machine Pond.The big flying dust of particle voluntarily detaches precipitation due to the anxious folding in flow of flue gas direction changes;The small micronic dust of particle is received by deduster Collection, is both taken out by revolving valve to ashpit.The lime-ash entrucking of productive set transports landfill yard in ashpit.
The high-temperature flue gas (800-900 DEG C) that incineration firing process generates flows through oil oven, by heat exchange by most of thermal energy It is changed into high temperature oil.High temperature oil in oil oven is input to through hot oil pipeline in the interlayer of high temperature and high pressure kettle, and the rubbish in kettle is added Temperature pressurization.Another part thermal energy is absorbed by flue gas regenerative air heater, for heating the air being blown into burner hearth.In winter also Using a part of thermal energy, hot steam is changed by heat exchange or hot water is used for heating.
Screenings is fallen through feed bin on horizontally disposed loading belt machine, is crossed the position of any by shots in belt machine tail part One iron remover of installation is set, iron is recycled.And discharger and discharge funnel are housed in the middle part of belt feeder, for giving high temperature height Press kettle charging.Rubbish dress is finished, and the high temperature oil that oil oven is generated imports in the interlayer of high temperature and high pressure kettle, is heated to rubbish in kettle 150-200 DEG C is forced into 4.8-16 air pressure, and heat-insulation pressure keeping 0.5-2 hour.Rubbish will become purees, plastics therein It is blocky in condensation.Rubbish in high temperature and high pressure kettle piles up bend pipe above section because of dead weight.After heat-insulation pressure keeping, high temperature is opened The exhaust outlet on autoclave top, steam is exhausted, and is then shut off exhaust outlet, by air inlet open, with air compressor into kettle Pressurization, when being pressurized to 0.25MPa or more, opens rapidly immediate action valve, rubbish quickly erupts under pressure.If kettle Middle rubbish is not drained complete, repeats the above discharging process until rubbish is drained.The rubbish drying machine of discharge is dried, and is sent to Glass, brick and tile, ceramics, plastic sets block in rubbish is divided into oversize, is re-fed into incinerator and burns by rotary screen.And Screenings is sent into the granularity that crusher in crushing is needed to granulator through feed bin by batcher, and fertilizer is made.According to the standard of system fertilizer It is required that the content that can be used for making the organic matter in garbage of fertilizer must be over 30% or more.So feeding to high temperature and high pressure kettle Meanwhile some straws or copropel is also added, so that organic matter in manufactured fertilizer is met above-mentioned standard requirement.
Method using the present invention handles domestic waste, compared with conventional garbage processing method, has following excellent Point:(1) it is handled with high temperature and high pressure kettle by burning, harmful bacteria is destroyed, and is realized innoxious thorough.(2) pass through burning and high temperature Autoclave process and using the rubbish system fertilizer handled in kettle, plus recycling, is realizing that waste reduction is up to 85% or more. (3) using the heat for generation of burning away the refuse, heating oil oven, heating furnace air and winter heating are carried out.Utilize high temperature and high pressure kettle Rubbish system fertilizer, can reach 65% or more garbage disposal resource after processing.
It is burned using by a domestic waste part, the processing urban life rubbish of another part high temperature and high pressure kettle processing The method of rubbish belongs to the scope of the present invention.
Using the method for the processing domestic waste for all handling domestic waste with high temperature and high pressure kettle, also belong to In the scope of the present invention.
Below by embodiment to the present invention illustrate, can further realize the present invention substantive distinguishing features with Details.
Domestic waste is shipped by rubbish vehicle, after weighbridge weighs, is discharged into garbage pool.Installation at the top of garbage pool There is clamshell crane, is used for collapse of setting, stirring and the feed of rubbish.Rubbish enters rotary screen through apron feeder, according to rubbish Grain size is classified, and rubbish of the grain size more than 60mm is screenings, and rubbish of the material diameter less than 60mm is oversize.Oversize contains Amount is 45%, and screenings content is 55%.
Oversize is come out the tail portion for falling on artificial go-no-go belt feeder by sieve mouth, while belt feeder is run, by manually will Iron, pop can thereon etc., which pick, is put into recycle bin.Rubbish on belt feeder proceeds to burning batch hopper, into material bin Rubbish fallen on the feed appliance of incinerator through sliding slot, feed appliance moves reciprocatingly, and rubbish is served fire grate.Fire grate is at 26 ° Tilt, the rubbish on fire grate stirs under the promotion of movable furnace grate plate reciprocating action to be moved down, pass sequentially through fire grate dry section, Combustion zone and burnt zone, the rubbish after fully burning are sent at the lime-ash without organic matter by the clinker roller of fire grate end Go out, fall into the ash-pushing machine of full water, ashpit is sent to after cooling of stopping working in ash-pushing machine.Generated during incineration firing The larger flying dust of grain voluntarily detaches precipitation due to the anxious folding in flow of flue gas direction changes, and falls into ash bucket, is sent by revolving valve taking-up To ashpit.And thinner micronic dust is collected by deduster into ash bucket, is also sent to ashpit by revolving valve taking-up.The ash of productive set in ashpit Slag entrucking transports landfill yard to.
The air of combustion refuse is blown into the preheating of flue gas regenerative air heater, through entering stove below fire grate by air blower Thorax.Flue gas regenerative air heater is equipped with bypath system, can pass through opening for by-pass damper according to (furnace temperature) the case where incineration firing It spends and the temperature for the air that burns is adjusted.
The high-temperature flue gas (850 DEG C) generated during combustion refuse flows through oil oven and is put most of thermal energy by heat exchange Go out, be down to 380 DEG C or so, in the heat exchange by flue gas or air preheater, the operating temperature being down to required by deduster (260 DEG C) after the purification that flue gas passes through deduster, chimney qualified discharge is introduced by air-introduced machine.
Thermal energy caused by combustion refuse is largely absorbed by oil oven, and the oil in oil oven is made to become high temperature oil, and high temperature oil is logical Circulating between hot oil pipeline and high temperature and high pressure kettle interlayer is crossed, the rubbish temperature-pressure in kettle is handled.Another portion Thermal energy is divided to be absorbed by flue gas regenerative air heater, for heating the air for being blown into burner hearth.Screenings is fallen through feed bin by batcher It on horizontally disposed loading belt machine, is crossed on the position of any by shots in belt machine tail part, an iron remover is installed, it will Iron recycles.And several dischargers and several corresponding discharge funnels are housed in the middle part of belt feeder.By funnel by rubbish Rubbish is packed into high temperature and high pressure kettle.Rubbish dress is finished, and high temperature oil circulating system is opened, and the rubbish in high temperature and high pressure kettle is heated, pressurization To 1.5Mpa, and heat-insulation pressure keeping 1 hour.Rubbish will become purees, and plastics therein are blocky in condensation.In high temperature and high pressure kettle Rubbish pile up the part of bend pipe or more because of dead weight.After heat-insulation pressure keeping, the exhaust outlet on high temperature and high pressure kettle top is opened, Water vapour is discharged, gas port is then shut off out, by air inlet open, is pressurizeed, is pressurized into kettle with air compressor When 0.25Mpa, immediate action valve is opened rapidly, rubbish quickly erupts under pressure, if rubbish is not drained complete in kettle, Above-mentioned discharging process is repeated until rubbish is drained.The rubbish of discharge is sent into dryer entrance, drying by conveyer 38 It is fallen on conveyer by dryer outlet, is entered in rotary screen through conveyer rubbish afterwards, by unit of plastic therein and undecomposed Glass, brick and tile, ceramics are divided into oversize and are sent into burning hopper.And screenings is sent by batcher and sliding slot through feed bin and is crushed Then broken rubbish is sent into granulation loading machine by conveyer, then is equipped with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium chemical fertilizer and inorganic micro by crusher machine Element fertilizer can be configured to organic composite fertilizer.When being less than 30% according to the organic matter in garbage content checked into feed bin, answer Add part straw or copropel 48 while feeding in high temperature and high pressure kettle.
The material balance of the embodiment of the present invention is following:
It is calculated by daily 100 tons of domestic wastes of processing, by 100 tons of domestic wastes and 10 tons of copropel (folding organic matters 6.28 tons) and the total 56.538 tons of feedings processing equipment of various chemical fertilizer.It is produced after processing:(1) 84.87 tons of compoiste fertilizer; Recycle calory burning 1632500KJ;Processing procedure evaporation drying is dehydrated 37 tons, 14 tons of lime-ash is generated after burning, hand is picked up Go out 5 tons of regenerant.
The thermal balance of high temperature and high pressure kettle of the embodiment of the present invention is following:
The heat Calculation occurred when by every each high temperature and high pressure kettle processing, the heat that the deep fat of oil oven is fed in kettle are 728200Kcal, it is 47800Kcal that material rubbish, which brings the heat in kettle into,.Handling the heat that overall process exports is:(1)200℃ The heat that water vapour is taken away is 645400Kcal, and (2) discharges material takes away heat 118900Kcal, and the heat of (3) loss is 11641Kcal。

Claims (2)

1. a kind of method of processing domestic waste, it is characterised in that this method is to pick up domestic waste artificial separation Go out bulk metal, then detached by 40-100mm grain sizes, it is oversize to be more than the value, is screenings less than the value, on sieve Object is sent into incinerator burning, and the heat of generation of burning provides heat source for heating oil oven for subsequent handling high temperature and high pressure kettle, or/ Air or/and the winter heating of incinerator are blown into heating;The ash that burning generates directly fills;Screenings is packed into high temperature and pressure In kettle, the water content of screenings is adjusted to 50-60%, then at 150-200 DEG C of temperature, 4.8-16 atmospheric pressure of pressure Reason 0.5-2 hours, rubbish becomes pureed, and then exhaust removes water vapour, its water content is made to reach 40%, its rubbish is allowed to spray Go out, the processed rubbish of ejection sieves again, and rubbish is sent into incinerator and is burned on sieve, sieves lower rubbish and makees fertilizer or dynamic after grinding Object feedstuff.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that oversize is 40-50% (weight), screenings 50- 60% (weight).
CN201710223813.0A 2017-04-07 2017-04-07 A method of processing domestic waste Pending CN108687099A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710223813.0A CN108687099A (en) 2017-04-07 2017-04-07 A method of processing domestic waste

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710223813.0A CN108687099A (en) 2017-04-07 2017-04-07 A method of processing domestic waste

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN108687099A true CN108687099A (en) 2018-10-23

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201710223813.0A Pending CN108687099A (en) 2017-04-07 2017-04-07 A method of processing domestic waste

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN108687099A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022052490A1 (en) * 2020-09-12 2022-03-17 康保良 Garbage treatment process and garbage treatment system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022052490A1 (en) * 2020-09-12 2022-03-17 康保良 Garbage treatment process and garbage treatment system

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Application publication date: 20181023