CN108683210A - Determine the method and system of the minimum annual utilization hours of power grid Small And Medium Capacity unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and system for determining the minimum annual utilization hours of small and medium capacity units in the power grid, which determines the typical day of the power grid load according to the annual load curve of the power grid; according to the load data of each typical day, the unit maintenance plan and the unit For heating and steam supply demand, check the safety and stability of the power grid and optimize the start-up mode one by one for the typical days, and obtain the optimal start-up mode that minimizes the start-up of small and medium-sized units on each typical day; according to the characteristics of the annual load curve of the power grid, determine The typical daily optimal start-up mode is extended to a combination of time-divided start-up modes throughout the year; the minimum annual utilization hours of small and medium-sized units are calculated according to the combination of the annual load curve of the grid and the time-divided start-up mode throughout the year. The method and system of the present invention fully consider the constraints and influencing factors such as the safe and stable operation of the power grid, peaking in summer and winter, unit maintenance, heating and steam supply requirements, etc., which improves the calculation accuracy and ensures the rationality of the calculation results .

Description

Method and system for determining the minimum annual utilization hours of small and medium-capacity generating units in a power grid

technical field

The invention relates to the field of electric power market, and more specifically, relates to a method and system for determining the minimum annual utilization hours of medium and small-capacity generating sets in a power grid.

Background technique

With the continuous expansion of the transaction scale of my country's electricity market, compared with small and medium-sized units of 300,000 kilowatts and below, large units of 600,000 kilowatts and above have advantages such as high efficiency, low power generation costs, and low unit emissions, and the market share is gradually concentrated in large units. , leading to a gradual decline in the annual utilization hours of small and medium-sized units, which may lead to insufficient backup during peak summer and winter, overloading of lines in some areas or low voltage levels in some operating modes, which will affect the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Therefore, the calculation of the minimum annual utilization hours of small and medium-sized units has important reference significance for the analysis of the transaction scale of the grid power market.

The calculation method of the minimum utilization hours of the existing units is mainly based on the operating experience, using the minimum start-up mode and the average generating load rate of the units to estimate, and there are large errors.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the technical method existing in the background technology that uses the minimum start-up mode and the average generating load rate of the unit to estimate the large error in the current technology based on operating experience, a method for determining the minimum annual utilization hours of small and medium-capacity units in the power grid is provided. The method includes :

Determine the typical day of the grid load according to the annual load curve of the grid, wherein the typical day includes the monthly maximum load day in the grid's annual load curve, legal holidays and working days representing the monthly average load in each month;

According to the load data of each typical day, the maintenance plan of the unit and the heating and steam supply demand of the unit, check the safety and stability of the power grid and optimize the start-up mode for each typical day, and obtain the minimum start-up of small and medium-sized units on each typical day Optimal boot mode;

According to the characteristics of the annual load curve of the power grid, the determined typical daily optimal start-up mode is extended to a combination of time-segmented start-up modes throughout the year;

Calculate the minimum annual utilization hours of small and medium-sized units according to the combination of the annual load curve of the power grid and the start-up mode in different time periods throughout the year.

Further, before determining the typical day of the power grid load according to the annual load curve of the power grid, it also includes collecting grid data, wherein the data includes the annual load curve of the grid, the annual load curve of the grid by region, the maintenance plan of the unit and the heat supply of the unit. steam demand.

Further, according to the load data of each typical day, the maintenance plan of the unit, and the heating and steam supply demand of the unit, the safety and stability of the power grid and the optimization of the start-up mode are performed on the typical day one by one, and the small and medium-sized units are obtained for each typical day. The optimal boot mode with the smallest boot size includes:

According to the load data of each typical day, calculate the total output power of the unit and the reserve capacity of the unit of the typical day grid;

Calculate the starting scale of the generating set of the grid according to the total output power of the generating set and the reserve capacity of the generating set;

According to the unit overhaul plan and the heat and steam supply demand of the unit, determine the overhaul unit and reserved unit for each typical day;

Determine the start-up mode of small and medium-sized units and units other than small and medium-sized units on each typical day according to the start-up scale;

Check the basic power flow, static safety and transient safety of the power grid under the maximum load of each typical day;

After the basic power flow, static safety, and transient safety checks of the power grid are passed, and the grid safety and stability checks for the waist load and valley load of each typical day are also passed, each typical load determined according to the start-up scale The start-up mode of daily small and medium-sized units and units other than small and medium-sized units is the optimal start-up mode of the typical day.

Further, the formula for calculating the total output power of the generator set and the reserve capacity of the generator set of the power grid according to the load data of each typical day is:

In the formula, The total output power of the units on the i-th typical day;

The daily maximum load of the power grid on the i-th typical day;

Input power of the i-th typical day outside the power grid;

Power sent by the power grid on the i-th typical day;

Reserve capacity for the ith typical day;

P _{unit_max} : The maximum installed capacity of one unit in the power grid.

Further, the reserve capacity of the ith typical day is the reserve capacity specified by the grid.

Further, the formula for calculating the start-up scale of the generating set of the grid according to the total output power of the generating set and the reserve capacity of the generating set is:

In the formula, The startup scale of the i-th typical day.

Further, the determination of the start-up mode of small and medium units and other units according to the start-up scale refers to reducing the number of start-ups of small and medium-sized units and increasing the number of start-ups of large units other than small and medium-sized units to achieve the start-up scale.

Furthermore, the power grid security and stability check for the waist load and valley load of each typical day refers to the basis of determining the waist load and valley load value of each zone on each typical day according to the annual load curve of the grid subregion In addition, check the safety and stability of the power grid for the waist load and valley load of each typical day.

Furthermore, if the basic power flow, static safety, and transient safety checks of the power grid are not passed, or after the basic power flow, static safety, and transient safety checks of the power grid are passed, the waist load and valley If the power grid safety and stability check fails, according to the problems in the typical daily power grid safety and stability check, adjust the start-up mode again according to the method of reducing the number of small and medium-sized units started up and increasing the number of large-scale units other than small and medium-sized units started up, and continue Check the safety and stability of the power grid until the power grid is safe and stable.

Further, according to the characteristics of the annual load curve of the power grid, the determined typical daily optimal start-up mode is extended to a combination of time-segmented start-up modes throughout the year including:

Based on the maximum load of each typical day, the working days that are adjacent to the typical day and belong to the same month, and the difference between the maximum load and the maximum load of the typical day is within the first preset value are taken as the typical day period;

For each remaining period of the year except the typical day period, the maximum load day of each period is taken as the base day, and the difference between the daily maximum load other than the base day load and the base day load is within the first preset value, and belongs to The working day of the same month is used as the first optimization period of each remaining period, and the other periods belonging to the same month are also used as optimization periods for each remaining period except the first optimization period;

For each optimization period, select the typical day with the shortest time interval from the maximum load day in the optimization period, and calculate the difference between the maximum load in the optimization period and the maximum load in a typical day;

According to the difference between the maximum load of each optimization period and the maximum load of a typical day, on the basis of the selected typical daily optimal start-up mode, increase or decrease the start-up capacity equal to the absolute value of the difference, so that it matches the maximum load of the time period , wherein, when the difference is greater than 0, increase the starting capacity equal to the absolute value of the difference, and when the difference is less than 0, decrease the starting capacity equal to the absolute value of the difference;

According to the start-up mode of each typical day period and optimal time period, the combination of the start-up mode of the power grid in different time periods throughout the year is determined.

Further, the range of the first preset value is 0 to 0.1.

Further, the formula for determining the minimum annual utilization hours of small and medium capacity units is:

In the formula,

l _n : power grid load (MW) at time t of period n;

l _nmax : the maximum load value (MW) of the nth period;

u _n : unit startup mode in the nth period;

P _n (u _n ): total start-up capacity (MW) of 300,000-kilowatt units under the start-up mode of u in the _nth period;

η: standby rate;

N: number of time slots;

t: time;

h: Utilization hours of 300,000-kilowatt units (h);

The rated capacity (MW) of the i-th unit of 300,000 kilowatts and below;

Q ₃₀ : Annual power generation (MWh) of units of 300,000 kilowatts and below.

Further, the calculation formula of the standby rate is:

Reserve ratio = reserve capacity / start-up scale

In the formula, the reserve capacity refers to the maximum installed capacity of one unit in the power grid or the reserve capacity value stipulated by the power grid, and the start-up scale refers to the start-up scale of each time period in the combination of time-segmented start-up modes of the power grid throughout the year.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a system for determining the minimum annual utilization hours of small- and medium-capacity generating units in a power grid, the system comprising:

A typical day determining unit, which is used to determine the typical day of the grid load according to the annual load curve of the grid, wherein the typical day includes the monthly maximum load day in the grid's annual load curve, statutory holidays and the monthly average load of each month working days;

The typical daily start-up mode determination unit is used to check the safety and stability of the power grid and optimize the start-up mode on each typical day according to the load data of each typical day, the unit maintenance plan and the heat supply and steam supply demand of the unit, and obtain The optimal start-up mode that minimizes the start-up of small and medium-sized units in each typical day;

An annual start-up mode determination unit, which is used to expand the determined typical daily optimal start-up mode to a combination of time-segmented start-up modes throughout the year according to the characteristics of the annual load curve of the power grid;

The result analysis unit is used to calculate the minimum annual utilization hours of small and medium-sized units according to the combination of the annual load curve of the power grid and the start-up mode in different periods throughout the year.

Further, the system further includes a data acquisition unit, which is used to collect grid data, wherein the data includes the annual load curve of the grid, the annual load curve of the grid by region, the maintenance plan of the unit, and the heating and steam supply demand of the unit.

Further, the typical daily power-on mode determination unit includes:

A generating unit start-up scale determination unit, which is used to calculate the total output power of the generator set and the reserve capacity of the generator set of the typical day grid according to the load data of each typical day, and calculate the generator start-up of the grid according to the total output power of the generator set and the standby capacity of the generator set of the grid scale;

Overhaul and reserved unit determination unit, which is used to determine the overhauled unit and reserved unit on each typical day according to the unit overhaul plan and the heat and steam supply demand of the unit;

Unit start-up mode determination unit, which is used to determine the start-up mode of small and medium-sized units and units other than small and medium-sized units on each typical day according to the scale of start-up, and based on the start-up mode, perform power grid under the maximum load of each typical day Basic power flow, static security, and transient security checks. After the basic power flow, static security, and transient security checks of the power grid are passed, the grid security and stability checks for waist loads and valley loads in each typical day are also checked. After passing, the start-up mode of small and medium units and units other than small and medium units determined according to the start-up scale on each typical day is the optimal start-up mode for the typical day.

Further, the formula for calculating the total output power of the generator set and the reserve capacity of the generator set of the power grid according to the load data of each typical day is:

In the formula, The total output power of the units on the i-th typical day;

The daily maximum load of the power grid on the i-th typical day;

Input power of the i-th typical day outside the power grid;

Power sent by the power grid on the i-th typical day;

Reserve capacity for the ith typical day;

P _{unit_max} : The maximum installed capacity of one unit in the power grid.

Further, the reserve capacity P _s ⁱ of the ith typical day is the reserve capacity stipulated by the power grid.

Further, the formula for calculating the start-up scale of the generating set of the grid according to the total output power of the generating set and the reserve capacity of the generating set is:

In the formula, The startup scale of the i-th typical day.

Further, the determination of the start-up mode of small and medium units and other units according to the start-up scale refers to reducing the number of start-ups of small and medium-sized units and increasing the number of start-ups of large units other than small and medium-sized units to achieve the start-up scale.

Furthermore, the power grid security and stability check for the waist load and valley load of each typical day refers to the basis of determining the waist load and valley load value of each zone on each typical day according to the annual load curve of the grid subregion In addition, check the safety and stability of the power grid for the waist load and valley load of each typical day.

Further, the power-on mode confirmation unit of the unit fails to pass the basic power flow, static security, and transient security checks on the power grid, or after passing the basic power flow, static security, and transient security checks on the grid, checks each When the power grid safety and stability check of the waist load and valley load of a typical day fails, according to the problems existing in the grid safety and stability check of the typical day, the number of starting-up of small and medium-sized units will be reduced, and the number of starting-up of large-scale units other than small and medium-sized units will be increased. method to adjust the start-up mode and continue to check the safety and stability of the power grid until the power grid is safe and stable.

Further, the annual start-up mode determination unit includes:

The typical day period determination unit is used for the work that is based on the maximum load of each typical day, will be adjacent to the typical day and belongs to the same month, and the difference between the maximum load and the maximum load of the typical day is within the first preset value day as a typical day period;

The optimization period determination unit is used to take the maximum load day of each period as the reference day for each remaining period of the year except the typical day period, and calculate the difference between the daily maximum load and the reference day load except the reference day load at Within a preset value, the working days belonging to the same month are used as the first optimization period of each remaining period, and other periods belonging to the same month are also used as optimization periods for each remaining period except the first optimization period;

An optimized annual start-up mode determination unit, which is used to select a typical day with the shortest time interval from the maximum load day of the optimization period for each optimization period, and calculate the difference between the maximum load of the optimization period and the maximum load of a typical day, and According to the difference between the maximum load of each optimization period and the maximum load of a typical day, on the basis of the selected typical daily optimal start-up mode, increase or decrease the start-up capacity equal to the absolute value of the difference, so that it matches the maximum load of the time period , wherein, when the difference is greater than 0, increase the starting capacity equal to the absolute value of the difference, and when the difference is less than 0, decrease the starting capacity equal to the absolute value of the difference;

The merging unit is used to determine the combination of the start-up modes of the power grid in different time periods throughout the year according to the start-up modes of each typical day period and optimal period.

Further, the range of the first preset value is 0 to 0.1.

Further, the formula for determining the minimum annual utilization hours of small and medium capacity units is:

In the formula,

l _n : power grid load (MW) at time t of period n;

l _nmax : the maximum load value (MW) of the nth period;

u _n : unit startup mode in the nth period;

P _n (u _n ): total start-up capacity (MW) of 300,000-kilowatt units under the start-up mode of u in the _nth period;

η: standby rate;

N: number of time slots;

t: time;

h: Utilization hours of 300,000-kilowatt units (h);

: Rated capacity (MW) of the i-th unit of 300,000 kilowatts and below;

Q ₃₀ : Annual power generation (MWh) of units of 300,000 kilowatts and below.

Further, the calculation formula of the standby rate is:

Reserve ratio = reserve capacity / start-up scale

In the formula, the reserve capacity refers to the maximum installed capacity of one unit in the power grid or the reserve capacity value stipulated by the power grid, and the start-up scale refers to the start-up scale of each time period in the combination of time-segmented start-up modes of the power grid throughout the year.

According to the method and system for determining the minimum annual utilization hours of small and medium-capacity units in the electricity market environment of the present invention, first obtain data such as annual unified load forecast, unit maintenance plan, unit heating and steam supply demand; and then according to the annual load data Select typical days to optimize the start-up mode and check the safety and stability of the power grid one by one to obtain the minimum start-up mode of small and medium-capacity units in each typical day, and then refine and expand it into a combination of start-up modes for the whole year by time period; finally, according to the annual load data and the most Optimum start-up mode, calculate the minimum annual utilization hours of small and medium-sized units. The method and system of the present invention fully consider the constraints and influencing factors such as the safe and stable operation of the power grid, peaking in summer and winter, unit maintenance, heating and steam supply requirements, etc., which improves the calculation accuracy and ensures the rationality of the calculation results .

Description of drawings

A more complete understanding of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention can be had by referring to the following drawings:

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the method for determining the minimum annual utilization hours of small and medium capacity units in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a flow chart of determining the optimal start-up mode for the minimum start-up of small and medium-capacity units in each typical day according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a system for determining the minimum annual utilization hours of small and medium-capacity units in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a load curve diagram of Anhui Power Grid in November 2018 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings; however, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and are not limited to the embodiments described herein, which are provided for the purpose of exhaustively and completely disclosing the present invention. invention and fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. The terms used in the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings do not limit the present invention. In the figures, the same units/elements are given the same reference numerals.

Unless otherwise specified, the terms (including scientific and technical terms) used herein have the commonly understood meanings to those skilled in the art. In addition, it can be understood that terms defined by commonly used dictionaries should be understood to have consistent meanings in the context of their related fields, and should not be understood as idealized or overly formal meanings.

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining the minimum annual utilization hours of small and medium-capacity units in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the method 100 for determining the minimum annual utilization hours of small-capacity generating units in the power grid starts from step 101 . In this preferred implementation mode, taking Anhui Power Grid in 2018 as an example, collect the data of Anhui Power Grid, and use the power system electromechanical transient simulation software PSD-BPA to establish the power flow steady state simulation calculation model of Anhui Power Grid in 2018 and the electromechanical transient simulation calculation model. Check the safety and stability of the power grid, and use the mathematical software MATLAB to calculate the minimum annual utilization hours.

In step 101, grid data is collected, wherein the data includes the annual load curve of the grid, the annual load curve by region of the grid, the maintenance plan of the unit, and the heating and steam supply demand of the unit. In this preferred embodiment, data such as Anhui Power Grid's 2018 unified load curve (time interval 1h), load curves of each zone, unit maintenance plan in 2018, and list of heating and steam supply demand units are obtained.

In step 102, a typical day of grid load is determined according to the grid annual load curve, wherein the typical day includes the monthly maximum load day in the grid annual load curve, legal holidays and working days representing monthly average load in each month. In this preferred implementation mode, according to the annual load characteristics of Anhui Power Grid, 25 typical days in total, including the maximum load day, typical holidays and supplementary working days, are selected to obtain the typical daily load curves of the entire network and each subregion. The typical days are as follows Table 1 shows.

Table 1

In step 103, according to the load data of each typical day, the maintenance plan of the unit, and the heating and steam supply demand of the unit, check the safety and stability of the power grid and optimize the start-up mode for each typical day one by one, and obtain the small and medium-sized The optimal start-up mode with the minimum start-up of the unit.

Fig. 2 is a flow chart of determining the optimal start-up mode to minimize the start-up of small and medium-capacity units in each typical day according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2 , the method 200 for determining the optimal start-up mode for minimizing the start-up of small and medium-capacity generating sets in each typical day starts from step 201 .

In step 201, the total output power of the generating set and the reserve capacity of the generating set of the power grid on a typical day are calculated according to the load data of each typical day.

Preferably, the formula for calculating the total output power of the generating set and the reserve capacity of the generating set of the power grid according to the load data of each typical day is:

In the formula, The total output power of the units on the i-th typical day;

The daily maximum load of the power grid on the i-th typical day;

Input power of the i-th typical day outside the power grid;

Power sent by the power grid on the i-th typical day;

Reserve capacity for the ith typical day;

P _{unit_max} : The maximum installed capacity of one unit in the power grid.

Preferably, the reserve capacity of the ith typical day is the reserve capacity specified by the grid.

In step 202, the start-up scale of the generating set of the grid is calculated according to the total output power of the generating set and the reserve capacity of the generating set.

Preferably, the formula for calculating the start-up scale of the generating set of the grid according to the total output power of the generating set and the reserve capacity of the generating set is:

In the formula, The startup scale of the i-th typical day.

In step 203, according to the unit maintenance plan and the heating and steam supply demand of the unit, the maintenance unit and reserved unit for each typical day are determined. When it is not possible to arrange a full stop of the unit due to the influence of grid security and heating and supply, at least one unit needs to be kept in operation.

In step 204, the start-up mode of the small and medium-sized units and the units other than the small and medium-sized units is determined on each typical day according to the start-up scale.

Preferably, determining the start-up mode of small and medium-sized units and units other than small and medium-sized units according to the start-up scale refers to reducing the number of start-ups of small and medium-sized units and increasing the number of start-ups of large units other than small and medium-sized units to achieve the start-up scale.

In step 205, basic power flow, static security, and transient security checks are performed on the power grid under the maximum load in each typical day.

In step 206, after the basic power flow, static security, and transient security checks of the power grid are passed, and the grid security and stability checks for the waist load and valley load of each typical day are also passed, the power grid is determined according to the scale of start-up. The start-up mode of small and medium units and units other than small and medium units on each typical day is the optimal start-up mode for the typical day.

Preferably, checking the safety and stability of the power grid for the waist load and valley load of each typical day refers to the basis of determining the waist load and valley load value of each zone on each typical day according to the annual load curve of the power grid subregion In addition, check the safety and stability of the power grid for the waist load and valley load of each typical day. Due to the different patterns of daily load variation in different subregions of the power grid, the waist load value and valley load value of each subregion in a typical day are obtained from the annual load curve of the subregion of the power grid.

Preferably, the basic power flow, static security, and transient security checks of the power grid fail, or after the basic power flow, static security, and transient security checks of the grid are passed, the waist load and valley load of each typical day of the grid If the power grid safety and stability check fails, according to the problems in the typical daily power grid safety and stability check, adjust the start-up mode again according to the method of reducing the number of small and medium-sized units started up and increasing the number of large-scale units other than small and medium-sized units started up, and continue Check the safety and stability of the power grid until the power grid is safe and stable.

In this preferred implementation manner, the start-up mode of Anhui Power Grid on each typical day in 2018 is shown in Table 2.

Table 2

In the above table, the inclined numbers are the units that must be started due to the safety constraints of the power grid, and the underlined numbers are the maintenance units.

In step 104, according to the characteristics of the grid's annual load curve, the determined typical daily optimal start-up mode is extended to a combination of time-segmented start-up modes throughout the year.

Preferably, according to the characteristics of the annual load curve of the power grid, extending the determined typical daily optimal start-up mode to a combination of time-segmented start-up modes throughout the year includes:

Based on the maximum load of each typical day, the working days that are adjacent to the typical day and belong to the same month, and the difference between the maximum load and the maximum load of the typical day is within the first preset value are taken as the typical day period. The specific formula is as follows :

T _i (n)=(date(i)-j, date(i)+k)

In the formula,

T _i (n): the typical day period composed of the i-th typical day and its adjacent j days and next k days, the period number is n;

date(i): the date of the i-th typical day;

δ: the first preset value;

d: Any day within the typical day period;

The maximum load on any day during a typical day period.

For each remaining period of the year except the typical day period, the maximum load day of each period is taken as the base day, and the difference between the daily maximum load other than the base day load and the base day load is within the first preset value, and belongs to The working day of the same month is used as the first optimization period of each remaining period, and the other periods belonging to the same month are also used as optimization periods for each remaining period except the first optimization period;

For each optimization period, select the typical day with the shortest time interval from the maximum load day in the optimization period, and calculate the difference between the maximum load in the optimization period and the maximum load in a typical day. The specific formula for each optimization period is as follows:

T _rest (n)=(date(n)-j, date(n)+k)

In the formula,

T _rest (n): An optimization period consisting of the base date date(n) and its adjacent j days and next k days, the period number is n

date(n): the date of the maximum load day in the period T _rest (n), the base date of this period;

The working day with the maximum load in the time period T _rest (n);

δ: the first preset value;

d: Any day within the time period T _rest (n);

The maximum load on any day within the period T _rest (n).

According to the difference between the maximum load of each optimization period and the maximum load of a typical day, on the basis of the selected typical daily optimal start-up mode, increase or decrease the start-up capacity equal to the absolute value of the difference, so that it matches the maximum load of the time period , wherein, when the difference is greater than 0, increase the starting capacity equal to the absolute value of the difference, and when the difference is less than 0, decrease the starting capacity equal to the absolute value of the difference;

According to the start-up mode of each typical day period and optimal time period, the combination of the start-up mode of the power grid in different time periods throughout the year is determined.

Preferably, the range of the first preset value is 0 to 0.1.

In this preferred embodiment, according to the load characteristics of Anhui Power Grid in 2018, 25 typical days are expanded into 45 time periods, and fine-tuning is performed according to the maximum load of each time period to obtain the optimal start-up mode by time period.

Fig. 4 is a load curve diagram of Anhui Power Grid in November 2018 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. According to Table 1, it is known that Anhui Power Grid has two typical days in November, which are November 1 and November 24. Combined with Figure 4, the load curve of Anhui Power Grid in November is based on two typical days As a benchmark, the load level during the period from November 1st to November 21st remains basically unchanged, and the load level increases significantly during the period from November 22nd to November 30th, so the load curve in November can be extended to November 1st to November 21st and 2 periods from November 22nd to November 30th.

In step 105, the minimum annual utilization hours of the small and medium-sized units are calculated according to the combination of the annual load curve of the power grid and the annual time-divided start-up mode.

Preferably, the formula for determining the minimum annual utilization hours of small and medium capacity units is:

In the formula,

l _n : power grid load (MW) at time t of period n;

l _nmax : the maximum load value (MW) of the nth period;

u _n : unit startup mode in the nth period;

P _n (u _n ): total start-up capacity (MW) of 300,000-kilowatt units under the start-up mode of u in the _nth period;

η: standby rate;

N: number of time slots;

t: time;

h: Utilization hours of 300,000-kilowatt units (h);

The rated capacity (MW) of the i-th unit of 300,000 kilowatts and below;

Q ₃₀ : Annual power generation (MWh) of units of 300,000 kilowatts and below.

Preferably, the formula for calculating the standby rate is:

Reserve ratio = reserve capacity / start-up scale

In the formula, the reserve capacity refers to the maximum installed capacity of one unit in the power grid or the reserve capacity value stipulated by the power grid, and the start-up scale refers to the start-up scale of each time period in the combination of time-segmented start-up modes of the power grid throughout the year.

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a system for determining the minimum annual utilization hours of small and medium-capacity units according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 3, the system 300 for determining the minimum annual utilization hours of small and medium-capacity units described in the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes:

The data collection unit 301 is used to collect grid data, wherein the data includes the annual load curve of the grid, the annual load curve of the grid by region, the maintenance plan of the unit, and the heating and steam supply demand of the unit.

A typical day determining unit 302, which is used to determine the typical day of the grid load according to the grid's annual load curve, wherein the typical day includes the monthly maximum load day in the grid's annual load curve, legal holidays and monthly average working days of load;

A typical day start-up mode determination unit 303, which is used to check the safety and stability of the power grid and optimize the start-up mode on each typical day according to the load data, unit maintenance plan and unit heating and steam supply requirements of each typical day, Get the optimal start-up mode that minimizes the start-up of small and medium-sized units in each typical day;

An annual start-up mode determination unit 304, which is used to expand the determined optimal daily start-up mode to a combination of time-segmented start-up modes throughout the year according to the characteristics of the grid's annual load curve;

The result analysis unit 305 is used to calculate the minimum annual utilization hours of small and medium-sized units according to the combination of the annual load curve of the power grid and the annual start-up mode in different time periods.

Preferably, the typical daily boot mode determination unit 303 includes:

Unit start-up scale determination unit 331, which is used to calculate the total output power of the units and the reserve capacity of the units of the power grid on a typical day according to the load data of each typical day, and calculate the total output power of the units of the power grid and the reserve capacity of the units of the power grid. boot scale;

Overhaul and reserved unit determination unit 332, which is used to determine the overhauled unit and reserved unit on each typical day according to the unit overhaul plan and the heat and steam supply demand of the unit;

Unit start-up mode determination unit 333, which is used to determine the start-up mode of small and medium-sized units and units other than small and medium-sized units on each typical day according to the scale of start-up, and based on the start-up mode, under the maximum load of each typical day. Carry out basic power flow, static safety, and transient safety checks. After the basic power flow, static safety, and transient safety checks of the power grid are passed, check the safety and stability of the power grid for the waist load and valley load of each typical day After it is also passed, the start-up mode of small and medium-sized units and units other than small and medium-sized units determined according to the start-up scale on each typical day is the optimal start-up mode for the typical day.

Preferably, the formula for calculating the total output power of the generating set and the reserve capacity of the generating set of the power grid according to the load data of each typical day is:

In the formula, The total output power of the units on the i-th typical day;

The daily maximum load of the power grid on the i-th typical day;

Input power of the i-th typical day outside the power grid;

Power sent by the power grid on the i-th typical day;

Reserve capacity for the ith typical day;

P _{unit_max} : The maximum installed capacity of one unit in the power grid.

Preferably, the reserve capacity of the ith typical day is the reserve capacity specified by the grid.

Preferably, the formula for calculating the start-up scale of the generating set of the grid according to the total output power of the generating set and the reserve capacity of the generating set is:

In the formula, The startup scale of the i-th typical day.

Preferably, determining the start-up mode of small and medium-sized units and units other than small and medium-sized units according to the start-up scale refers to reducing the number of start-ups of small and medium-sized units and increasing the number of start-ups of large units other than small and medium-sized units to achieve the start-up scale.

Preferably, checking the safety and stability of the power grid for the waist load and valley load of each typical day refers to the basis of determining the waist load and valley load value of each zone on each typical day according to the annual load curve of the power grid subregion In addition, check the safety and stability of the power grid for the waist load and valley load of each typical day.

Preferably, the power-on mode confirmation unit of the unit fails to pass the basic power flow, static security, and transient security checks on the power grid, or after passing the basic power flow, static security, and transient security checks on the grid, checks each When the power grid safety and stability check of the waist load and valley load of a typical day fails, according to the problems existing in the grid safety and stability check of the typical day, the number of starting-up of small and medium-sized units will be reduced, and the number of starting-up of large-scale units other than small and medium-sized units will be increased. method to adjust the start-up mode and continue to check the safety and stability of the power grid until the power grid is safe and stable.

Preferably, the annual start-up mode determination unit 304 includes:

A typical day period determination unit 341, which is used to take the maximum load of each typical day as a benchmark, will be adjacent to the typical day and belong to the same month, and the difference between the maximum load and the maximum load of the typical day is within the first preset value Weekdays as typical day time slots;

The optimization period determination unit 342 is used to take the maximum load day of each period as the reference day for each remaining period of the year except the typical day period, and calculate the difference between the daily maximum load and the reference day load except the reference day load in Within the first preset value, the working days belonging to the same month are used as the first optimization period of each remaining period, and the other periods of each remaining period except the first optimization period belonging to the same month are also used as optimization periods, ;

An optimized annual start-up mode determination unit 343, which is used to select a typical day with the shortest time interval from the maximum load day in the optimization period for each optimization period, and calculate the difference between the maximum load in the optimization period and the maximum load in a typical day, And according to the difference between the maximum load of each optimization period and the maximum load of a typical day, on the basis of the selected typical daily optimal start-up mode, increase or decrease the start-up capacity equal to the absolute value of the difference, so that the matching period is the largest Load, wherein, when the difference is greater than 0, increase the starting capacity equal to the absolute value of the difference, and when the difference is less than 0, reduce the starting capacity equal to the absolute value of the difference;

The merging unit 344 is configured to determine the combination of the time-divided start-up modes of the power grid throughout the year according to the start-up modes of each typical day period and optimal time period.

Preferably, the range of the first preset value is 0 to 0.1.

Preferably, the formula for determining the minimum annual utilization hours of small and medium capacity units is:

In the formula,

l _n : power grid load (MW) at time t of period n;

l _nmax : the maximum load value (MW) of the nth period;

u _n : unit startup mode in the nth period;

P _n (u _n ): total start-up capacity (MW) of 300,000-kilowatt units under the start-up mode of u in the _nth period;

η: standby rate;

N: number of time slots;

t: time;

h: Utilization hours of 300,000-kilowatt units (h);

: Rated capacity (MW) of the i-th unit of 300,000 kilowatts and below;

Q ₃₀ : Annual power generation (MWh) of units of 300,000 kilowatts and below.

Preferably, the formula for calculating the standby rate is:

Reserve ratio = reserve capacity / start-up scale

In the formula, the reserve capacity refers to the maximum installed capacity of one unit in the power grid or the reserve capacity value stipulated by the power grid, and the start-up scale refers to the start-up scale of each time period in the combination of time-segmented start-up modes of the power grid throughout the year.

Generally, all terms used in the claims are to be interpreted according to their ordinary meaning in the technical field, unless explicitly defined otherwise therein. All references to "a/the/the [means, component, etc.]" are to be construed openly as at least one instance of said means, component, etc., unless expressly stated otherwise. The steps of any method disclosed herein do not have to be performed in the exact order disclosed, unless explicitly stated.

Claims (26)

1. a kind of method of the determining minimum annual utilization hours of power grid Small And Medium Capacity unit, which is characterized in that the method includes：

The typical day of network load is determined according to power grid whole year load curve, wherein typical case's day includes power grid whole year load Monthly peak day, legal festivals and holidays in curve and the working day for representing monthly average load each moon；

According to load data, unit maintenance scheduling and the unit heat supply steam supply demand of each typical day, to the typical day Progress electricity net safety stable is checked one by one and start-up mode optimizes, and obtaining each typical case makes the optimal of medium and small unit booting minimum day Start-up mode；

According to the characteristic of power grid whole year load curve, determining optimal start-up mode of typical day is extended to and annual is switched at times The combination of mode；

It is small that utilizing in minimum year for medium and small unit is calculated according to the combination of power grid whole year load curve and annual start-up mode at times When number.

2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, determining network load according to power grid whole year load curve Further include acquisition electric network data before typical day, wherein the data packet includes power grid whole year load curve, power grid region-by-region whole year Load curve, unit maintenance scheduling and unit heat supply steam supply demand.

3. according to claim 1 or claim 2, which is characterized in that load data, the machine of the basis each typical day Group repair schedule and unit heat supply steam supply demand, carry out electricity net safety stable check one by one to the typical case and start-up mode is excellent days Change, obtaining the optimal start-up mode that each typical case makes medium and small unit booting minimum day includes：

The unit gross output and unit reserve capacity of typical day power grid are calculated according to the load data of each typical day；

According to the unit of the unit gross output of the power grid and unit reserve calculation of capacity power grid booting scale；

According to unit maintenance scheduling and unit heat supply steam supply demand, determines the maintenance unit of each typical day and retain unit；

The start-up mode of the unit other than each medium and small unit and medium and small unit of typical day is determined according to booting scale；

Basic trend, static security, transient security are carried out under each typical Daily treatment cost to power grid to check；

After the basic trend that is carried out to power grid, static security, transient security check pass through, to the waist lotus and paddy of each typical day The electricity net safety stable that lotus carries out is checked also by rear, then according to booting scale each of determine typical day medium and small unit and in The start-up mode of unit other than small unit is the optimal start-up mode of typical day.

4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, calculating the machine of power grid according to the load data of each typical day Group gross output and the formula of unit reserve capacity are：

In formula,I-th of typical day unit gross output；

I-th of typical day power grid Daily treatment cost；

External power grid is sent into power within i-th typical day；

Power grid sends out power within i-th typical day；

The spare capacity of i-th of typical day；

P_{unit_max}:Power grid one unit installed capacity of maximum.

5. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the spare capacity P of described i-th typical day_s ⁱIt is power grid rule Fixed spare capacity.

6. according to the method described in claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that according to the unit gross output of the power grid and Unit reserve calculation of capacity power grid unit booting scale formula be：

In formula,The booting scale of i-th of typical day.

7. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described determine medium and small unit and medium and small machine according to booting scale The start-up mode of unit other than group refers to the medium and small unit booting quantity of compression, increases the large-sized unit start number other than medium and small unit Amount is to reach booting scale.

8. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, waist lotus and Gu He to each typical day carry out power grid security Stability check refers to determining waist charge values and Gu He of each subregion in each typical day according to power grid region-by-region whole year load curve On the basis of value, electricity net safety stable check is carried out to the waist lotus and Gu He of each typical day.

9. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, carrying out basic trend, static security, transient security to power grid Check does not pass through, or the basic trend to power grid progress, static security, transient security are checked after passing through, to each allusion quotation of power grid It is obstructed out-of-date that the waist lotus of type day and Gu He progress electricity net safety stables are checked, in being checked according to the typical day electricity net safety stable There are the problem of be switched on quantity according to compressing medium and small unit again, increase the method for the large-sized unit booting quantity other than medium and small unit It is checked to adjust start-up mode and continue electricity net safety stable, until electricity net safety stable.

10., will be determining according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, according to the characteristic of power grid whole year load curve The combination that typical day optimal start-up mode is extended to annual start-up mode at times includes：

On the basis of each typical Daily treatment cost, will be adjacent with typical day and belong to the same moon, and peak load and allusion quotation Working day of the difference of type Daily treatment cost within the first preset value is as typical period day；

By whole year each of in addition to typical period day the remaining period, take day on the basis of day part peak day, will remove the Base day The difference of Daily treatment cost and benchmark daily load other than load is within the first preset value, and the working day for belonging to the same moon is made Optimize the period for the first of each remaining period, and each remaining period is belonged into its of the same moon in addition to the first optimization period Also period as an optimization his period；

For each optimization period, selection and the optimization period peak day interval time shortest typical day, and calculate The difference of the optimization period peak load and typical Daily treatment cost；

According to the difference of each optimization period peak load and typical Daily treatment cost, in the optimal start-up mode of typical day of selection On the basis of increase or decrease the booting capacity equal with the absolute value of the difference, make its match period peak load, wherein When the difference is more than 0, increase the booting capacity equal with the absolute value of the difference, when the difference is less than 0, reduces The booting capacity equal with the absolute value of the difference；

The combination of power grid whole year start-up mode at times is determined according to the start-up mode of each typical period day and optimization period.

11. according to the method described in claim 10, it is characterized in that, ranging from the 0 to 0.1 of first preset value.

12. according to the method described in claim 10, it is characterized in that, determining the minimum annual utilization hours of Small And Medium Capacity unit Formula is：

In formula,

l_n：N-th period t moment network load (MW)；

l_nmax：The peak load value (MW) of n-th period；

u_n：N-th period unit start-up mode；

P_n(u_n)：N-th period is in u_nTotal booting capacity (MW) of 300,000 kilowatts of units under start-up mode；

η：Percentage reserve；

N：When hop count；

t：Time；

h：300000 kilowatts of units utilize hourage (h)；

I-th 300,000 kilowatts and following unit rated capacity (MW)；

Q₃₀：300000 kilowatts and following unit whole year generated energy (MWh).

13. according to the method for claim 12, which is characterized in that the calculation formula of the percentage reserve is：

Percentage reserve=spare capacity/booting scale

In formula, spare capacity refers to spare capacity value, booting rule as defined in a maximum unit installed capacity or power grid in power grid Mould refers to the booting scale of each period in the combination of start-up mode at times of power grid whole year.

14. a kind of system of the determining minimum annual utilization hours of power grid Small And Medium Capacity unit, which is characterized in that the system packet It includes：

Typical day determination unit is used to determine the typical day of network load according to power grid whole year load curve, wherein the allusion quotation Type day includes the work for representing monthly peak day, legal festivals and holidays and each moon monthly average load in power grid whole year load curve Make day；

Typical day start-up mode determination unit, be used for according to the load data of each typical day, unit maintenance scheduling and Unit heat supply steam supply demand carries out electricity net safety stable check day to the typical case and start-up mode optimizes, obtains each one by one The optimal start-up mode for making medium and small unit booting minimum typical day；

Annual start-up mode determination unit, is used for the characteristic according to power grid whole year load curve, and determining typical day is optimal Start-up mode is extended to the combination of annual start-up mode at times；

Interpretation of result unit is used to be calculated according to the combination of power grid whole year load curve and annual start-up mode at times medium and small The minimum annual utilization hours of unit.

15. system according to claim 14, which is characterized in that the system also includes data acquisition units, are used for Electric network data is acquired, wherein the data packet includes power grid whole year load curve, power grid region-by-region whole year load curve, unit maintenance Plan and unit heat supply steam supply demand.

16. according to the system described in claim 14 or 15, which is characterized in that typical case's day start-up mode determination unit packet It includes：

Unit booting scale determination unit, the unit for being used to calculate typical case's day power grid according to the load data of each typical day are total Output power and unit reserve capacity, and according to the unit gross output of the power grid and unit reserve calculation of capacity power grid Unit booting scale；

Maintenance and reservation unit determination unit are used to, according to unit maintenance scheduling and unit heat supply steam supply demand, determine each The maintenance unit and reservation unit of typical day；

Unit start-up mode determination unit is used to determine the medium and small unit of each typical day and medium and small unit according to booting scale The start-up mode of unit in addition, and based on the start-up mode, power grid is carried out under each typical Daily treatment cost Basic trend, static security, transient security are checked, when basic trend that power grid is carried out, static security, transient security check it is logical Later, the electricity net safety stable that the waist lotus to each typical day and Gu He are carried out is checked also by rear, then true according to booting scale The medium and small unit of each of fixed typical case's day and the start-up mode of the unit other than medium and small unit are the typical day optimal booting Mode.

17. system according to claim 16, which is characterized in that calculate power grid according to the load data of each typical day The formula of unit gross output and unit reserve capacity is：

In formula,I-th of typical day unit gross output；

I-th of typical day power grid Daily treatment cost；

External power grid is sent into power within i-th typical day；

Power grid sends out power within i-th typical day；

The spare capacity of i-th of typical day；

P_{unit_max}:Power grid one unit installed capacity of maximum.

18. system according to claim 16, which is characterized in that the spare capacity of described i-th typical dayIt is power grid Defined spare capacity.

19. according to the system described in claim 17 or 18, which is characterized in that according to the unit gross output of the power grid It is with the be switched on formula of scale of the unit of unit reserve calculation of capacity power grid：

In formula,The booting scale of i-th of typical day.

20. system according to claim 16, which is characterized in that described to determine medium and small unit and medium and small according to booting scale The start-up mode of unit other than unit refers to the medium and small unit booting quantity of compression, increases the large-sized unit booting other than medium and small unit Quantity is to reach booting scale.

21. system according to claim 16, which is characterized in that carry out power grid peace to the waist lotus and Gu He of each typical day Full stability check refers to determining waist charge values and paddy of each subregion in each typical day according to power grid region-by-region whole year load curve On the basis of charge values, electricity net safety stable check is carried out to the waist lotus and Gu He of each typical day.

22. system according to claim 16, which is characterized in that the unit start-up mode confirmation unit carries out power grid Basic trend, static security, transient security check do not pass through, or pacify to basic trend, static security, the transient state that power grid carries out After whole school's core passes through, to power grid, each the waist lotus of typical day and Gu He progress electricity net safety stable checks are obstructed out-of-date, according to institute The problem of typical day electricity net safety stable is checked is stated again according to medium and small unit booting quantity is compressed, and increases medium and small unit The method of large-sized unit booting quantity in addition is checked to adjust start-up mode and continue electricity net safety stable, until power grid is pacified It is complete to stablize.

23. system according to claim 16, which is characterized in that it is described year start-up mode determination unit include：

Typical period day determination unit is used on the basis of each typical Daily treatment cost, will be adjacent with typical day and be belonged to The same moon, and peak load and the difference of typical Daily treatment cost are when the working day within the first preset value is as typical day Section；

Optimize period determination unit, is used for whole year the remaining period each of in addition to typical period day, takes day part maximum negative Day on the basis of lotus day, by the difference of Daily treatment cost and benchmark daily load in addition to benchmark daily load within the first preset value, And belong to first optimization period of the working day as each residue period of the same moon, and it is excellent each remaining period will to remove first Change and belongs to also period as an optimization other periods of the same moon outside the period；

The annual start-up mode determination unit of optimization was used for for each optimization period, and selection is negative with the optimization period maximum Lotus day interval time shortest typical day, and the difference of the optimization period peak load and typical Daily treatment cost is calculated, with And difference according to each optimization period peak load and typical Daily treatment cost, in the optimal start-up mode of typical day of selection On the basis of increase or decrease the booting capacity equal with the absolute value of the difference, make its match period peak load, wherein when When the difference is more than 0, increase the booting capacity equal with the absolute value of the difference, when the difference is less than 0, reduce and The equal booting capacity of the absolute value of the difference；

Combining unit is used to determine that power grid whole year opens at times according to the start-up mode of each typical period day and optimization period The combination of machine mode.

24. system according to claim 23, which is characterized in that ranging from the 0 to 0.1 of first preset value.

25. system according to claim 23, which is characterized in that determine the minimum annual utilization hours of Small And Medium Capacity unit Formula is：

In formula,

l_n：N-th period t moment network load (MW)；

l_nmax：The peak load value (MW) of n-th period；

u_n：N-th period unit start-up mode；

P_n(u_n)：N-th period is in u_nTotal booting capacity (MW) of 300,000 kilowatts of units under start-up mode；

η：Percentage reserve；

N：When hop count；

t：Time；

h：300000 kilowatts of units utilize hourage (h)；

I-th 300,000 kilowatts and following unit rated capacity (MW)；

Q₃₀：300000 kilowatts and following unit whole year generated energy (MWh).

26. system according to claim 25, which is characterized in that the calculation formula of the percentage reserve is：

Percentage reserve=spare capacity/booting scale

In formula, spare capacity refers to spare capacity value, booting rule as defined in a maximum unit installed capacity or power grid in power grid Mould refers to the booting scale of each period in the combination of start-up mode at times of power grid whole year.