CN108682948B - Antenna with adjustable resonance resolution - Google Patents

Antenna with adjustable resonance resolution Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108682948B
CN108682948B CN201810564428.7A CN201810564428A CN108682948B CN 108682948 B CN108682948 B CN 108682948B CN 201810564428 A CN201810564428 A CN 201810564428A CN 108682948 B CN108682948 B CN 108682948B
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antenna
resolution
resonant
resonance
module
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CN108682948A (en
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罗勇
贺一鸣
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Shanghai Dufeng Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Beijing Transpacific Technology Development Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors

Abstract

The invention discloses an antenna with adjustable resonance resolution, which comprises a dielectric substrate, an antenna feed module, a resonance array module and a plurality of micro-mechanical switches, wherein the antenna feed module and the resonance array module are arranged on the dielectric substrate, the resonance array module consists of N periodic units (N is a positive integer), the N periodic units are sequentially arranged from the antenna feed module along the length direction of the antenna, each unit consists of a symmetrically arranged J-shaped metamaterial substructure, and the micro-mechanical switches control the state of each unit. The antenna with the adjustable resonance resolution can select proper periodic unit number according to requirements, regulate and control unit states with different system bit weights and finely regulate and control the resonance frequency resolution of the antenna, can meet the requirements of mechanical learning on multiple states, further realizes the function of intelligently selecting the resonance frequency, and can adapt to the intelligentized trend of future communication equipment.

Description

Antenna with adjustable resonance resolution
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a resonant resolution adjustable antenna applied to an intelligent communication front end, the Internet of things and machine learning.
Background
With the development of 5G communication technology, smart life is popularized among households, and more technologies are pursuing intellectualization, especially the emergence of mechanical learning technology, which accelerates the intellectualization of a communication system. The antenna is a key component of 5G communication, and needs to adapt to various environments and smaller design space.
In order to improve the information capacity and the adaptability of the antenna to the environment, the antenna needs to be designed in a reconfigurable mode, the programmable antenna is one of the antenna reconfiguration modes, a plurality of states are set on a single antenna to enable the antenna to have different resonance states, and the states are suitable for mechanical learning.
The existing resonant antenna has the following defects:
1) the existing resonant antenna has no weight and system concepts for regulating and controlling the resonant frequency;
2) the existing resonant antenna can not regulate and control the resonant resolution ratio under the condition of not changing the antenna structure;
3) most of the existing resonant antennas can not meet the requirements of intelligent life and can not change the resonant resolution in real time according to the requirements;
4) the existing resonant antenna is too rough to adjust the resonant state, and cannot finely adjust different resonant states, namely, the frequency adjustable resolution is low.
In summary, the existing resonant antenna cannot obtain adjustable resonant resolution on a single structure to meet different communication requirements, cannot be intelligentized, and cannot adapt to the multi-state requirement of mechanical learning on fine adjustment of the resonant state.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the resonant resolution adjustable antenna is provided, and the technical problems that in the prior art, the resonant frequency regulation and control of the resonant antenna has no weight and scale concepts, the frequency adjustable resolution is low, the intelligentization cannot be realized, and the multi-state requirement of mechanical learning on the fine resonance state regulation cannot be met are solved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an antenna with adjustable resonant resolution, comprising: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, an antenna feed module, a resonant array module and a plurality of micro-mechanical switches, wherein the antenna feed module and the resonant array module are arranged on the dielectric substrate, the resonant array module consists of N periodic units (N is a positive integer), the N periodic units are sequentially arranged from the antenna feed module along the length direction of an antenna, each unit consists of a J-shaped metamaterial substructure which is symmetrically arranged, and the micro-mechanical switches control the opening and closing state of each unit. Fine tuning of the resonant frequency state can be achieved by micro-mechanical switches.
Preferably, each unit is provided with n micro mechanical switches (n is a positive integer), and the working system number a (a is an integer) of the antenna can be 2-2nAny one of the binary systems. Controllable micromechanical switchThe unit is used for realizing a plurality of resonant frequency states, and the number of the resonant frequency states of each unit is defined as the working system number of the antenna.
Preferably, the N periodic units include aNDifferent resonant frequency states.
Preferably, the dielectric substrate is an FR4 substrate.
Preferably, the micro-mechanical switch is a MEMS switch.
Preferably, the metamaterial consists of two phases of chromium (Cr) and copper (Cu).
Preferably, the thickness of chromium (Cr) is 0.2um and the thickness of copper (Cu) is 1.5 um.
Preferably, the length of the antenna is (23.7+5.5N) mm, the width of the antenna is 26mm, and the height of the antenna is 2.5 mm.
Preferably, the operating frequency of the antenna is 4.24GHz-5.18 GHz.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses an antenna with adjustable resonance resolution, which comprises a dielectric substrate, an antenna feed module, a resonance array module and a plurality of micro-mechanical switches, wherein the resonance array module consists of N periodic units (N is a positive integer), the N periodic units are sequentially arranged from the antenna feed module along the length direction of the antenna, and the micro-mechanical switches can control the opening and closing states of the units to obtain a plurality of resonance frequency states; in addition, the weight of each unit on the regulation and control of the resonant frequency is reduced along with the degree of the unit far away from the antenna feed module, namely, the closer the regulated unit is to the antenna feed module end, the greater the influence of the change of the state of the regulated unit on the regulation and control of the resonant frequency of the antenna is, and vice versa; and as the number of the periodic units increases, the resonant frequency state of the antenna increases in an exponential manner, and the same working frequency band is maintained. Therefore, the antenna with the adjustable resonance resolution can select a proper periodic unit number according to requirements, regulate and control the unit on-off states of different system bit weights, regulate and control the resonance frequency resolution of the antenna to obtain an expected resonance frequency, and realize fine control of the resonance frequency of the antenna under the condition of keeping the whole structure of the antenna unchanged. The antenna can meet the requirement of mechanical learning in multiple states, further realize the function of intelligently selecting the resonant frequency, and can adapt to the intelligentized trend of future communication equipment. Compared with the existing antenna, the metamaterial antenna with adjustable resonant resolution has the advantages of convenience in control of resonant resolution, simple structure, high practicability and wide application range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a resonant resolution tunable antenna including 1 unit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a resonant resolution tunable antenna comprising 2 elements;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a resonant resolution tunable antenna having 3 elements;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a resonant resolution tunable antenna including 4 elements;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a plurality of elements and an antenna feeding module;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a micro-mechanical switch;
FIG. 7 is a state diagram of the resonant frequency of a binary tunable resonant resolution antenna having 1 element;
FIG. 8 is a state diagram of the resonant frequency of a binary tunable resonant resolution antenna having 2 elements;
FIG. 9 is a state diagram of the resonant frequency of a binary tunable resonant resolution antenna having 3 elements;
FIG. 10 is a state diagram of the resonant frequency of a binary tunable resonant resolution antenna having 4 elements;
FIG. 11 is a state diagram of the resonant frequency of a ternary resonant resolution tunable antenna comprising 1 element;
FIG. 12 is a state diagram of the resonant frequency of a ternary resonant resolution tunable antenna comprising 2 elements;
FIG. 13 is a state diagram of the resonant frequency of a ternary resonant resolution tunable antenna comprising 3 elements;
14a-c are diagrams of resonant frequency states for a ternary resonant resolution tunable antenna comprising 4 elements;
FIG. 15 is a graph showing the variation of the resolution of the resonant resolution tunable antenna with the number of units;
reference numeral in the figure, 10-antenna feeding module; 11-a dielectric substrate; 12-a micro-mechanical switch; 13-unit, 13.1-J type metamaterial substructure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example (b):
a resonant resolution tunable antenna includes a dielectric substrate 11, an antenna feed module 10, a resonant array module, and a micro-mechanical switch 12. The antenna feed module 10 and the resonant array module are both disposed on the dielectric substrate 11. The antenna feeding module 10 includes impedance matching and microstrip line feeding. The resonant array module is composed of N periodic units 13(N is a positive integer), and the N periodic units 13 are sequentially arranged from the antenna feed module 10 end along the antenna length direction. Each unit is composed of symmetrically arranged J-shaped metamaterial substructures 13.1, and the micro-mechanical switch 12 controls the opening and closing state of each unit 13. The fine resonance frequency state regulation can be realized through the micro-mechanical switch.
In this embodiment, a resonant resolution tunable antenna includes an FR4 substrate 11, an antenna feeding module 10, a resonant array module, and a MEMS switch 12. The antenna feed module 10 is disposed at the left end of the FR4 substrate 11, and the resonant array module is formed by arranging a plurality of periodic elements 13. The plurality of periodic elements 13 in the resonant array module are arranged in sequence from the antenna feed module 10 end and along the antenna length direction. The weight of the unit on the harmonic frequency regulation is reduced along with the degree of the unit far away from the antenna feed module end, namely, the closer the regulated unit is to the antenna feed module end, the greater the influence of the change of the resonant frequency state on the antenna resonant frequency regulation is, and otherwise, the farther the regulated unit is from the antenna feed module end, the smaller the influence of the change of the resonant frequency state on the antenna resonant frequency regulation is. The number of cells 13 in the resonant array module may be 1, 2, 3, 4, or even multiple, as shown in fig. 1-5. As the number of units increases, the resonant frequency state of the antenna increases in an exponential manner, and meanwhile, the units keep the same working frequency band. In the present embodiment, each cell 13 is provided with 4 micro-mechanical switches 12, and the micro-mechanical switches 12 control the on-off state of each cell 13 so as to obtain a plurality of resonance frequency states. In this embodiment, the resonant frequency state obtained after the 4 micro mechanical switches 12 in one unit 13 control the on-off state of the unit 13 may be any one of 2 to 16, and the number of the resonant frequency states of each unit is defined as the operating system number of the antenna, that is, the operating system number of the antenna may be any one of binary to hexadecimal. The unit is composed of symmetrically arranged J-shaped metamaterial substructures 13.1, the metamaterial is composed of chromium (Cr) and copper (Cu) phases, the thickness of the chromium (Cr) is 0.2um, and the thickness of the copper (Cu) is 1.5 um.
In the embodiment, the MEMS is used as the micro mechanical switch, and as shown in fig. 6, the micro mechanical switch is based on micro manufacturing technology and belongs to the technical category of micron scale. The invention controls the opening and closing state of the unit by controlling the MEMS switch, thereby obtaining different resonant frequency states. N periodic units comprising aNDifferent resonant frequency states. Where a is the number of the antenna, and is determined by the number of the resonant frequency states of each unit, and in this embodiment, a may be any one of binary to hexadecimal. The length of the resonant resolution adjustable antenna is (23.7+5.5N) mm, the width of the antenna is 26mm, and the height of the antenna is 2.5mm, namely, the length of the antenna is increased by 5.5mm every time one unit is added. Therefore, the length of the resonant resolution adjustable antenna containing one unit is 29.2mm, the width is 26mm, and the height is 2.5 mm; the length of the resonant resolution tunable antenna comprising two elements is 34.7mm, the width is 26mm, and the height is 2.5 mm. The resonant resolution tunable antenna comprising three elements has a length of 40.2mm, a width of 26mm and a height of 2.5 mm. The length of the resonant resolution adjustable antenna containing the four units is 45.7mm, the width is 26mm, and the height is 2.5 mm. The working frequency of the resonant resolution adjustable antenna is 4.24GHz-518 GHz. The invention is a small-sized chip antenna which is easy to use in various intelligent lives.
In this embodiment, the antennas with tunable resonant resolution, in which the number of elements is 1 to 4 and the number of systems is binary or ternary, respectively, are selected, and the resonant frequency states of the antennas are shown in the figure. Specifically, for a binary tunable resonant resolution antenna, that is, two resonant frequency states of each unit in the MEMS switch control antenna, "0" indicates that the MEMS switches of a single unit on the dielectric substrate are all in a closed state, that is, "0000"; "1" indicates that the MEMS switches of the individual cells on the dielectric substrate are all in an open state, i.e., "1111". For a 1-unit binary resonance resolution adjustable antenna, the resonance frequency state is 2 in total1The types are respectively '0' and '1', the on-off states of 4 MEMS switches in the corresponding units are respectively '0000' and '1111', and the resonant frequency states are shown in FIG. 7; for the 2-unit binary resonance resolution adjustable antenna, the resonance frequency state is 2 in total2The types are "00", "01", "10" and "11", respectively, the on-off states corresponding to the 4 MEMS switches in each unit are "0000-; for the 3-unit binary resonance resolution adjustable antenna, the resonance frequency state is 2 in total3The types are "000", "001", "010", "011", "100", "101", "110", "111", the open/close states corresponding to the 4 MEMS switches in each unit are "0000-; for 4-unit binary resonance resolution adjustable antenna, the resonance frequency state is 2 in total4The type is "0000", "0001", "0010", "0011", "0100", "0101", "0110", "0111", "1000", "1001", "1010", "1011", "1100", "1101", "1110" or "1111", and corresponds to the on/off state of 4 MEMS switches in each cellThe classification includes "0000-, the resonant frequency state is shown in fig. 10. For the ternary resonance frequency state, namely three states of each unit on the antenna, "0" represents that the MEMS switch of a single unit on the medium substrate is in a closed state, namely "0000"; "1" indicates that the MEMS switch of a single cell on the dielectric substrate is in an intermediate state, i.e., "0101", indicating that the first and third MEMS switches of a single cell are in a closed state and the second and fourth MEMS switches are in an open state; "2" indicates that the MEMS switch of a single cell on the dielectric substrate is in an open state, i.e., "1111". For 1-unit ternary resonant resolution adjustable antenna, the resonant frequency state is 3 in total1The types are respectively '0', '1' and '2', the on-off states of 4 MEMS switches in the corresponding units are respectively '0000', '0101' and '1111', and the resonant frequency states are shown in FIG. 11; for the 2-unit ternary resonant resolution adjustable antenna, the resonant frequency state is 3 in total2The types are "00", "01", "02", "10", "11", "12", "20", "21" and "22", respectively, the on-off states of the 4 MEMS switches in the corresponding unit are not listed here, and the resonant frequency states are shown in fig. 12; for the 3-unit binary resonance resolution adjustable antenna, the resonance frequency state is 3 in total3The numbers of the respective types are "000", "001", "002", "010", "011", "012", "020", "021", "022", "100", "101", "102", "110", "111", "112", "120", "121", "122", "200", "201", "202", "210", "211", "212", "220", "221", and "222", and the on-off states of the 4 MEMS switches in the corresponding cells are set to be "on" and "off" statesThis is not an enumeration, and the resonant frequency states are shown in fig. 13; for the 4-unit binary resonance resolution adjustable antenna, the resonance frequency state is 3 in total4The species is "0000", "0001", "0002", "0010", "0011", "0012", "0020", "0021", "0022", "0100", "0101", "0102", "0110", "0111", "0112", "0120", "0121", "0122", "0200", "0201", "0202", "0210", "0211", "0212", "0220", "0221", "0222", "1000", "1001", "1002", "1010", "1011", "1012", "1020", "1021", "1022", "1100", "1101", "1102", "1122", "1111", "1112", "1120", "1121", "1202", "1200", "1201", "1210", "1211", "1212", "1220", "1221", "1222", "2000", "2001", "2002", "2010", "2011", "2012", "2020", "2021", "2022", "2100", "2101", "2102", "2110", "2111", "2112", "2120", "2121", "2122", "2200", "2201", "2202", "2210", "2211", "2212", "2220", "2221" and "2222", the on-off states of the 4 MEMS switches in the corresponding unit are not listed here, and the states of the resonant frequencies are shown in fig. 14 a-c. The invention utilizes the MEMS switch to control the state of the resonant frequency, namely, the fine regulation and control of a plurality of resonant frequencies can be realized on a single antenna, and the MEMS switch is utilized to realize the real-time regulation and control of the resolution of a plurality of periodic units according to the actual requirement, including the accurate selection of the working system and the weight, in conjunction with the mechanical learning, and the invention has the multi-state programmability so as to realize higher practicability and reliability. The relationship between the resonance resolution of the antenna and the number of elements of the present invention is shown in fig. 15.
Compared with the prior art that the resonant state of the antenna cannot be finely controlled, the resonant antenna cannot be matched with mechanical learning, the resonant resolution cannot be regulated and controlled according to real-time requirements, and the working system and weight of the antenna cannot be regulated and controlled, the resolution-adjustable antenna has the following advantages that:
1) the invention controls the weight and the system of the antenna work by controlling the MEMS switch, thereby intelligently regulating and controlling the resolution of the antenna;
2) the invention has high resolution ratio for the change of the resonant frequency state and can finely adjust the resonant frequency state;
3) the invention realizes the regulation and control of the resonance resolution ratio under the condition of not changing the antenna structure;
4) the invention realizes the multi-state regulation and control of the resonance frequency through the MEMS switch, changes the resonance resolution in real time according to the requirement condition, is suitable for mechanical learning and realizes the programmable intelligent communication requirement.
In summary, the present invention utilizes the MEMS switch to control the resonant frequency state of the periodic unit, and can realize a plurality of different resonant frequencies and real-time control of the resonant resolution of the antenna, and in accordance with the mechanical learning technique, i.e., the characteristic of learning multiple states by mechanical learning, further realize accurate state control for a specific scene. Aiming at the problems that the conventional antenna cannot finely control the resonance state of the antenna, cannot be matched with mechanical learning, cannot regulate and control the resonance resolution according to real-time requirements and cannot regulate and control the working system and weight of the antenna, the invention uses the MEMS switch to finely regulate and control the resonance state of the antenna, regulates and controls the resonance resolution according to the real-time requirements and regulates and control the working system and the weight of the antenna, and has wide application range.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. An antenna with adjustable resonant resolution, comprising: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, an antenna feed module, a resonance module and a plurality of micro-mechanical switches, wherein the antenna feed module and the resonance module are arranged on the dielectric substrate, the resonance module consists of N antenna subunits, N is a positive integer, and the N antenna subunits pass through an antennaThe antenna comprises a line feed module, N antenna subunits, a micro-mechanical switch and a power supply module, wherein the line feed module feeds electricity, the N antenna subunits are sequentially arranged from the direction close to the antenna feed module to the direction far away from the antenna feed module, each antenna subunit consists of a symmetrically arranged J-shaped metamaterial subunit, and the micro-mechanical switch controls the opening and closing state of each antenna subunit; the medium substrate is an FR4 substrate; the total length of the antenna feed module and the resonance module is (23.7+5.5N) mm, the total width is 26mm, the total height is 2.5mm, the length of each antenna subunit is 5.5mm, each J-type metamaterial substructure is controlled by N/2 micro-mechanical switches arranged in parallel, N is an even number which is more than or equal to 4, and the working system number a of the antenna can be 2, 3, 4 … … 2nA is a positive integer, and the N antenna subunits comprise aNDifferent resonant frequency states.
2. The tunable resonant resolution antenna of claim 1, wherein: the micro-mechanical switch is a MEMS switch.
3. The tunable resonant resolution antenna of claim 1, wherein: the metamaterial is composed of chromium (Cr) and copper (Cu).
4. The tunable resonant resolution antenna of claim 3, wherein: the thickness of chromium (Cr) is 0.2um, and the thickness of copper (Cu) is 1.5 um.
5. The tunable resonant resolution antenna of claim 1, wherein: the working frequency of the resonant resolution adjustable antenna is 4.24GHz-5.18 GHz.
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