CN108682921B

CN108682921B - Electric automobile battery thermal management system based on phase change material soaking and heat storage technology

Info

Publication number: CN108682921B
Application number: CN201810709507.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王亚楠; 厉青峰; 李华; 练晨; 何鑫; 刘玥
Original assignee: Shandong University
Current assignee: Shandong University
Priority date: 2018-07-02
Filing date: 2018-07-02
Publication date: 2023-11-03
Anticipated expiration: 2038-07-02
Also published as: CN108682921A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of thermal management of power battery packs of electric vehicles, in particular to a thermal management system of a battery of an electric vehicle based on a phase change material soaking and heat storage technology. The system is arranged on an automobile, is connected with an ECU of the automobile, and consists of a soaking module, a heat storage module, a water supply module, a cooling system L and a heating system R; the cooling system L speed regulating valve, the heating system R speed regulating valve, the cooling system L temperature sensor, the heating system R temperature sensor and the water supply module reversing valve are connected with the automobile electronic control unit ECU to form a temperature control loop. By the application of the invention, the temperature consistency and the cooling and heating speeds of the battery monomer and the battery pack are improved, and the battery pack has a high-temperature cooling function and a low-temperature heating function, so that the energy consumption is reduced, and the damage to the capacity and the service life of the battery pack is reduced; simple structure and low cost.

Description

Electric automobile battery thermal management system based on phase change material soaking and heat storage technology

1. Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of thermal management of power battery packs of electric vehicles, in particular to a thermal management system of a battery of an electric vehicle based on a phase change material soaking and heat storage technology.

2. Background art

With the increase of the excessive consumption of traditional energy and the increase of environmental pollution, new energy automobiles represented by hybrid power technology and pure electric technology are receiving more and more attention. As an energy source of the electric automobile, the battery pack is closely related to the dynamic property and economical efficiency of the whole automobile. In the running or quick charging process of the electric automobile, a large amount of heat is generated by the battery pack, and the heat productivity and the heat dissipation conditions of the battery cells at different positions in the battery pack are inconsistent, so that the temperatures of the battery cells at different positions in the battery pack are also inconsistent. If the heat cannot be discharged in time and the temperatures of the battery cells are as consistent as possible, the capacity and the service life of the battery pack are seriously affected. Meanwhile, when the ambient temperature is low, the reaction rate of chemical substances in the battery is reduced, the capacity of the battery is reduced, and if the battery is frequently started, operated or charged at low temperature, irreversible reaction can occur in the battery, and permanent damage is caused to the capacity and the service life. Therefore, proper thermal management technology is needed to control the temperature of the power battery pack of the electric automobile, so as to meet the requirements of cooling, heating and temperature consistency of the power battery pack.

The existing heat dissipation modes of the electric automobile power battery pack mainly comprise modes of air cooling, liquid cooling, heat pipe cooling, phase change material cooling and the like. The patent office of China national intellectual property office discloses a bulletin No. CN106252687A in the year 2016, 12 and 21, and the name is 'a battery thermal management system based on phase change material and air coupling cooling'; according to the technology, the composite phase-change plate is arranged between the battery monomer and the fin radiating plate, the heat generated by the battery monomer is absorbed through the composite phase-change plate and transferred to the radiating plate, and the heat is taken away by air flowing around the fins; but the mode efficiency of utilizing air to carry out heat transfer is lower, and control to group battery temperature uniformity is also relatively poor, and the fin heating panel causes the waste of group battery space again, also lacks group battery heating function simultaneously. The patent office of China national intellectual property office discloses an announcement number CN106654318A in 2017, 05 and 10 days, and is named as a phase-change capsule suspension/floating heat management and cold start system; the technology reduces the density of the phase-change capsule by absorbing heat through the phase-change capsule, so that the phase-change capsule floats on the surface of the cooling liquid, stores heat after entering the upper part of the cooling liquid tank, releases heat when the temperature of the battery pack is reduced, and has the effect of heat preservation. However, as the phase-change capsules and the cooling liquid are stored in the cooling liquid tank at the same time, the space is limited, the heat storage capacity of the phase-change capsules is limited, and the technology is only used in a thermal management system of a fuel cell, so that the temperature consistency requirement of the battery pack of the electric automobile is difficult to meet.

3. Summary of the invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides an electric automobile battery thermal management system based on a phase change material soaking and heat storage technology.

The invention is arranged on an automobile and connected with an ECU of the automobile, and the technical scheme is that the automobile comprises a soaking module, a heat storage module, a water supply module, a cooling system L and a heating system R;

the soaking module consists of a vehicle-mounted battery monomer, a soaking box and a phase change material; the heat equalizing box is a flaky square box body which is matched with the side surface of the vehicle-mounted battery monomer and contains phase change materials, and a cooling water pipe cavity and a heating water pipe cavity are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the box body; a cooling water inlet pipe interface and a cooling water outlet pipe interface are respectively arranged at two ends of the cooling water pipe cavity; a heating water inlet pipe interface and a heating water outlet pipe interface are respectively arranged at two ends of the heating water pipe cavity; a phase change material filling opening is arranged on the box body; uniformly distributing soaking box heat conducting fins at intervals in the inner cavity of the soaking box, wherein the soaking box heat conducting fins are in a long strip shape and are respectively and fixedly connected to the cavity wall of the cooling water pipe and the cavity wall of the heating water pipe at intervals in a staggered mode; the phase change material is filled in the inner cavity of the box body through a phase change material filling port and is sealed by a plug; the soaking box and the integrated soaking box heat conducting fin are made of heat conducting materials; the two side surfaces of each vehicle-mounted battery cell are respectively and tightly fixed with a soaking box, and the soaking boxes and the battery cells are adhered and fixed through heat conduction silica gel to form a soaking module;

The heat storage module consists of a heat storage box shell, a heat storage box cover, a sealing ring, a heat absorption pipeline group, a heat dissipation pipeline group, a heat storage box heat conduction sheet, an elastic partition plate and a phase change material; the heat storage box cover is provided with a phase change material injection opening; the heat storage box shell is an open rectangular box body, and the inner cavity of the rectangular box body is isolated into a heat storage cavity and a buffer cavity by an elastic partition plate; respectively processing a water inlet mounting hole of the heat absorption pipeline group and a water outlet mounting hole of the heat absorption pipeline group, which are matched with the water inlet of the heat absorption pipeline group and the water outlet of the heat absorption pipeline group, on the tank wall corresponding to the middle position of the upper part of the heat storage cavity, and respectively processing a water inlet mounting hole of the heat dissipation pipeline group and a water outlet mounting hole of the heat dissipation pipeline group, which are matched with the water inlet of the heat dissipation pipeline group and the water outlet of the heat dissipation pipeline group, on the tank wall corresponding to the middle position of the lower part of the heat storage cavity; the heat absorption pipeline group is a communicated rectangular column-shaped pipeline which is arranged and fixed at the upper part of the heat storage cavity, a uniform gap is reserved at the periphery, the pipeline is composed of two corresponding long pipelines and transverse pipelines which are correspondingly and uniformly connected between the two long pipelines, and a water inlet of the heat absorption pipeline group and a water outlet of the heat absorption pipeline group are correspondingly arranged at the middle position of the two long pipelines respectively; the outline dimensions of the heat dissipation pipeline group and the heat absorption pipeline group are correspondingly the same, the heat dissipation pipeline group and the heat absorption pipeline group are fixedly arranged at the lower part of the heat storage cavity, and a water inlet of the heat dissipation pipeline group and a water outlet of the heat dissipation pipeline group are respectively and correspondingly arranged at the middle positions of the two long pipelines; guiding and installing the water inlet of the heat absorption pipeline group into the water inlet installation hole of the heat absorption pipeline group through the water inlet connecting pipe fitting of the heat absorption pipeline group, and fixing the water inlet of the heat absorption pipeline group by using the pipeline connecting piece; guiding and installing the water outlet of the heat absorption pipeline group into the water outlet installation hole of the heat absorption pipeline group through a water outlet connection pipe fitting of the heat absorption pipeline group, and fixing the water outlet of the heat absorption pipeline group by using a pipeline connection piece; guiding and installing a water inlet of the heat dissipation pipeline group into a water inlet installation hole of the heat dissipation pipeline group through a water inlet connecting pipe fitting of the heat dissipation pipeline group, and fixing the water inlet of the heat dissipation pipeline group by using a pipeline connecting piece; guiding and installing the water outlet of the heat dissipation pipeline group into the water outlet installation hole of the heat dissipation pipeline group through a water outlet connecting pipe fitting of the heat dissipation pipeline group, and fixing the water outlet of the heat dissipation pipeline group by using a pipeline connecting piece; the heat storage box heat conducting fins are uniformly distributed and fixed at the lower end of each transverse pipeline of the heat absorption pipeline group, and the heat storage box heat conducting fins fixed at the lower end of each transverse pipeline of the heat absorption pipeline group are correspondingly spaced, staggered and uniformly distributed between the upper end of each transverse pipeline of the corresponding heat dissipation pipeline group and the heat storage box heat conducting fins fixed at the lower end of each transverse pipeline of the heat absorption pipeline group; covering the opening of the heat storage box shell with a sealing ring, sealing and fixing the heat storage box cover on the heat storage box shell, injecting phase change materials into the heat storage cavity through a phase change material injection port of the heat storage box cover, and sealing; the heat storage box shell and the heat storage box cover are made of heat insulation materials;

The water supply module consists of a water tank, a water supply main pipe, a constant pressure pump, a water inlet main pipe and a reversing valve; the water tank is a square tank body, and a water supply pipe connector, a water return pipe connector A, a water return pipe connector B and a water filling port are respectively arranged on the tank body; the water supply main pipe is connected with a water supply pipe joint of the water tank and the constant pressure pump, and the water inlet main pipe is connected with the constant pressure pump and the reversing valve;

the cooling system L consists of a cooling system L water inlet main pipe, L water inlet branch pipes, L speed regulating valves, L temperature sensors, L water outlet branch pipes, an L water outlet main pipe and an L water return main pipe; the L water inlet branch pipes are connected with the interfaces of the L water inlet main pipe and the cooling water inlet pipe of the soaking box, and an L speed regulating valve is arranged at the joint of each L water inlet branch pipe and the L water inlet main pipe; the L-shaped water outlet branch pipes are connected with a cooling water outlet pipe interface of the soaking box and an L-shaped water outlet main pipe, and an L-shaped temperature sensor is arranged at the joint of each L-shaped water outlet branch pipe and the L-shaped water outlet main pipe; the L return water main pipe is connected with a water return pipe interface A of a water tank of the water supply module and a water outlet connecting pipe fitting of a heat dissipation pipeline group of the heat storage module; an L water outlet main pipe connected with the L water outlet branch pipe is connected with a water inlet connecting pipe fitting of a heat dissipation pipeline group of the heat storage module; an L water inlet main pipe connected with the L water inlet branch pipe is connected with a reversing valve of the water supply module;

The heating system R consists of a heating system R water supply main pipe, an R water inlet branch pipe, an R speed regulating valve, an R temperature sensor, an R water outlet branch pipe and an R water outlet main pipe; the R water inlet branch pipes are connected with an R water inlet main pipe and a heating water inlet pipe interface of the soaking box, and an R speed regulating valve is arranged at the joint of each R water inlet branch pipe and the R water inlet main pipe; the R water outlet branch pipes are connected with a heating water outlet pipe interface of the soaking box and the R water outlet main pipe, and an R temperature sensor is arranged at the joint of each R water outlet branch pipe and the R water outlet main pipe; the R water supply main pipe is connected with a water supply module reversing valve and a water inlet connecting pipe fitting of a heat absorption pipeline group of the heat storage module; an R water inlet main pipe connected with the R water inlet branch pipe is connected with a water outlet connecting pipe fitting of the heat absorption pipeline group of the heat storage module; an R water outlet main pipe connected with the R water outlet branch pipe is connected with a water return pipe interface B of the water supply module water tank;

the cooling system L speed regulating valve, the heating system R speed regulating valve, the cooling system L temperature sensor, the heating system R temperature sensor and the water supply module reversing valve are connected with the automobile electronic control unit ECU to form a temperature control loop.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

1. the temperature of each battery monomer is controlled in a proper range by utilizing the characteristic that the temperature of the phase change material in the soaking box is kept unchanged in the melting heat absorption and solidification heat release processes, so that the temperature consistency of the battery monomers and the battery pack is improved;

2. The heat conduction sheets distributed alternately in the heat equalizing tank and the heat storage tank enhance the heat conductivity of the phase change material, and the arrangement of the cooling system and the heating system pipeline fully utilizes the distribution characteristics of liquid and solid phases of the phase change material in the phase change process, so that the cooling and heating speeds of the battery monomers and the battery pack are improved by the measures;

3. when the temperature of the battery pack is too high, the heat of the battery pack brought by the cooling liquid is absorbed by utilizing the melting heat absorption characteristic of the phase-change material in the heat storage box, and when the temperature of the battery pack is too low, the heat is released to the battery pack through the cooling liquid by utilizing the solidification heat release characteristic of the phase-change material in the heat storage box, so that the system has a high-temperature cooling function and a low-temperature heating function, the heat generated during the operation of the battery pack is fully utilized, the energy consumption is reduced, and the damage to the capacity and the service life of the battery pack is reduced;

4. the deformable elastic partition plate in the heat storage box effectively solves the problem of volume change of the large-volume phase change material in the phase change process, and avoids the damage of the heat storage box;

5. the cooling system and the heating system can share the water tank, the constant pressure pump and a part of pipelines through the reversing valve, so that the structure is simplified, and the cost is saved.

4. Description of the drawings

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a schematic overall structure of a thermal management system of the present invention based on 5 cells;

fig. 2 is an isometric view a of a schematic structural diagram of a soaking module formed by 5 battery monomers after the soaking module is connected with an L water inlet main pipe, an L water outlet main pipe, an R water inlet main pipe and an R water outlet main pipe;

fig. 3 is an isometric view B of a schematic structural diagram of a soaking module formed by 5 battery cells after the soaking module is connected with an L water inlet manifold, an L water outlet manifold, an R water inlet manifold and an R water outlet manifold;

FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a schematic structural diagram of a soaking tank connected with an L water inlet branch pipe, an L water outlet branch pipe, an R water inlet branch pipe and an R water outlet branch pipe;

FIG. 5 is A cross-sectional view of A-O-A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view B-B of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a front view of a schematic diagram of the heat storage tank structure of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of C-C of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a D-D sectional view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a sectional view E-E of FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 10 at F;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional E-E of FIG. 8 in the solid state of the phase change material of the thermal storage tank of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view E-E of FIG. 8 with the phase change material of the thermal storage tank of the present invention in liquid form;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the control circuitry of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is an isometric view of a schematic overall structure of a thermal management system of the present invention based on 4 cells;

Fig. 16 is an isometric view a of a schematic structural diagram of a soaking module formed by 4 battery monomers after the soaking module is connected with an L water inlet manifold, an L water outlet manifold, an R water inlet manifold and an R water outlet manifold;

fig. 17 is an isometric view B of a schematic structural diagram of a soaking module formed by 4 battery cells after the soaking module is connected with an L water inlet manifold, an L water outlet manifold, an R water inlet manifold and an R water outlet manifold;

reference numerals

1. The constant pressure pump 2, the water inlet header 3, the water supply header 4, the water tank 4-1, the water tank water supply pipe joint 4-2, the water tank return pipe joint A4-3, the water tank return pipe joint B4-4, the water tank water filling port 5, the L water inlet header 6, the L water inlet branch pipe 6B, L water inlet branch pipe 6C, L water inlet branch pipe 6D, L water inlet branch pipe 6E, L water inlet branch pipe 6F, L water inlet branch pipe 7, the L speed regulating valve 7C, L speed regulating valve 7D, L speed regulating valve 7E, L speed regulating valve 7F, L speed regulating valve 8, the reversing valve 9, the L water return header 10, the heat storage tank cover 10-1, the tank cover injection port 10-2, the tank cover sealing bayonet 11, the sealing ring 12, the heat storage tank shell 12-1, the heat absorption pipeline group water outlet mounting 12-2 the heat absorption pipeline group water inlet mounting hole 12-3, the heat dissipation pipeline group water outlet mounting hole 12-4, the heat dissipation pipeline group water inlet mounting hole 12-5, the shell sealing bayonet 12-6, the heat storage box heat storage cavity 12-7, the heat storage box buffer cavity 13, the R water inlet main pipe 14, the L water outlet branch pipe 14B, L water outlet branch pipe 14C, L water outlet branch pipe 14D, L water outlet branch pipe 14E, L water outlet branch pipe 14F, L water outlet branch pipe 15, the R speed valve 15B, R speed valve 15C, R speed valve 15D, R speed valve 15E, R speed valve 15F, R speed valve 16, the R water inlet branch pipe 16B, R water inlet branch pipe 16C, R water inlet branch pipe 16D, R water inlet branch pipe 16E, R water inlet branch pipe 16F, R water inlet branch pipe 17, the L water outlet main pipe 18, the monomer 18B, cell 18C, cell 18D, cell 18E, cell 19, L temperature sensor 19B, L temperature sensor 19C, L temperature sensor 19D, L temperature sensor 19E, L temperature sensor 19F, L temperature sensor 20, soaking box 20B, soaking box 20C, soaking box 20D, soaking box 20E, soaking box 20F, soaking box 20-1, cooling water pipe cavity 20-1-1, cooling water inlet pipe interface 20-1-2, cooling water outlet pipe interface 20-1-3, soaking box heat conducting fin 20-1-4, soaking box heat conducting fin 20-1-5, soaking box heat conducting fin 20-2, heating water pipe cavity 20-2-1, heating water inlet pipe interface 20-2-2, heating water outlet pipe interface 20-2-3 soaking box heat conducting fin 20-2-4, soaking box heat conducting fin 20-2-5, soaking box heat conducting fin 20-3, soaking box pouring opening 21, R water supply header 22, R water outlet branch 22B, R water outlet branch C, R water outlet branch D, R water outlet branch 22E, R water outlet branch 22F, R water outlet branch 23, R temperature sensor 23B, R temperature sensor 23C, R temperature sensor 23D, R temperature sensor 23E, R temperature sensor 23F, R temperature sensor 24, R water outlet header 25, heat absorbing pipeline group 25-1, heat absorbing pipeline group water inlet 25-2, heat absorbing pipeline group water outlet 25-3, heat absorbing pipeline group long pipeline A25-4, heat absorbing pipeline group long pipeline B25-5-1, the heat absorption pipe group transverse pipe 25-5-1-2, the heat storage tank heat conduction sheet 25-5-2, the heat absorption pipe group transverse pipe 25-5-2-2, the heat storage tank heat conduction sheet 25-5-3, the heat absorption pipe group transverse pipe 25-5-3-2, the heat storage tank heat conduction sheet 25-5-4, the heat absorption pipe group transverse pipe 25-5-4-1, the heat storage tank heat conduction sheet 25-5-4-2, the heat storage tank heat conduction sheet 25-5-4-3, the heat storage tank heat conduction sheet 25-5-5, the heat absorption pipe group transverse pipe 25-5-5-2, the heat storage tank heat conduction sheet 25-5-6, the heat absorption pipe group transverse pipe 25-5-6-2 the heat storage tank heat conduction sheet 25-6, the heat absorption pipe group water inlet connecting pipe fitting 25-7, the heat absorption pipe group water outlet connecting pipe fitting 26, the heat dissipation pipe group 26-1, the heat dissipation pipe group water inlet 26-2, the heat dissipation pipe group water outlet 26-3, the heat dissipation pipe group long pipe A26-4, the heat dissipation pipe group long pipe B26-5-1, the heat dissipation pipe group transverse pipe 26-5-1-1, the heat storage tank heat conduction sheet 26-5-2, the heat dissipation pipe group transverse pipe 26-5-2-1, the heat storage tank heat conduction sheet 26-5-3, the heat dissipation pipe group transverse pipe 26-5-3-1, the heat storage tank heat conduction sheet 26-5-4, the heat-dissipating pipe group transverse pipe 26-5-4-1, the heat-storing tank heat-conducting fin 26-5-4-2, the heat-storing tank heat-conducting fin 26-5-4-3, the heat-storing tank heat-conducting fin 26-5-5, the heat-dissipating pipe group transverse pipe 26-5-5-1, the heat-storing tank heat-conducting fin 26-5-6, the heat-dissipating pipe group transverse pipe 26-5-6-1, the heat-storing tank heat-conducting fin 26-6, the heat-dissipating pipe group water inlet connecting pipe 26-7, the heat-dissipating pipe group water outlet connecting pipe 27, the elastic partition 28, the phase change material 29, the electronic control unit ECU

5. Detailed description of the preferred embodiments

The implementation of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

as shown in fig. 3-6, the soaking module is composed of a vehicle-mounted battery unit 18, a soaking box 20 and a low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase change material 28; the soaking box 20 is a flaky square box body which is matched with the side surface of the vehicle-mounted battery monomer 18 and accommodates the low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28, and the upper end and the lower end of the box body are respectively provided with a cooling water pipe cavity 20-1 and a heating water pipe cavity 20-2; two ends of the cooling water pipe cavity 20-1 are respectively provided with a cooling water inlet pipe interface 20-1-1 and a cooling water outlet pipe interface 20-1-2; a heating water inlet pipe interface 20-2-1 and a heating water outlet pipe interface 20-2-2 are respectively arranged at two ends of the heating water pipe cavity 20-2; a phase change material filling port 20-3 is arranged on the box body; soaking box heat conducting fins are uniformly distributed in the inner cavity of the soaking box at intervals, the soaking box heat conducting fins are in a long strip shape, the soaking box heat conducting fins 20-1-3, 20-1-4 and 20-1-5 are respectively and fixedly connected to the wall of the cooling water pipe cavity 20-1 at intervals in a staggered manner, and the soaking box heat conducting fins 20-2-3, 20-2-4 and 20-2-5 are respectively and fixedly connected to the wall of the heating water pipe cavity 20-2 at intervals in a staggered manner; the low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 is filled in the inner cavity of the box body through the phase-change material filling port 20-3 and is sealed by a plug; the soaking box 20 and the soaking box heat conducting fin which form a whole are cast by aluminum alloy; the two side surfaces of each vehicle-mounted battery cell 18 are respectively and tightly fixed with a soaking box 20, and the soaking boxes 20 and the battery cells 18 are adhered and fixed through heat conduction silica gel to form a soaking module;

As shown in fig. 7-11, the heat storage module is composed of a heat storage box shell 12, a heat storage box cover 10, a sealing ring 11, a heat absorption pipeline group 25, a heat dissipation pipeline group 26, a heat storage box heat conduction sheet, an elastic partition plate 27 and a low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase change material 28; the heat storage box shell 12 is an open rectangular box body processed by engineering plastics, a shell sealing bayonet 12-5 is processed at one tenth of one end of the inner cavity of the rectangular box body, and an elastic partition plate 27 processed by engineering plastics sheets is tightly inserted into the shell sealing bayonet 12-5 and is bonded and sealed to isolate the inner cavity into a heat storage cavity 12-6 and a buffer cavity 12-7; a phase change material injection port 10-1 is processed at the center of the heat storage box cover 10, and a box cover sealing bayonet 10-2 is arranged at one tenth of one end of the box cover and corresponds to the heat storage box; on the tank wall corresponding to the middle position of the upper part of the heat storage cavity 12-6, which is 2-3cm away from the cavity mouth, respectively processing a heat absorption pipeline group water inlet mounting hole 12-2 and a heat absorption pipeline group water outlet mounting hole 12-1, which are matched with a heat absorption pipeline group water inlet 25-1 and a heat absorption pipeline group water outlet 25-2, respectively processing a heat absorption pipeline group water inlet mounting hole 12-4 and a heat absorption pipeline group water outlet mounting hole 12-3, which are matched with a heat dissipation pipeline group water inlet 26-1 and a heat dissipation pipeline group water outlet 26-2, respectively, on the tank wall corresponding to the middle position of the lower part of the heat storage cavity 12-6, which is 2-3mm away from the cavity bottom; the heat absorption pipeline group 25 is a rectangular column-shaped pipeline which is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the heat storage cavity 12-6, is provided with uniform gaps of 2-3cm at the periphery and consists of metal pipelines, is formed by two corresponding long pipelines 25-3 and 25-4 and six transverse pipelines 25-5-1, 25-5-2, 25-5-3, 25-5-4, 25-5-5 and 25-5-6 which are correspondingly and uniformly connected between the two long pipelines, and is provided with a heat absorption pipeline group water inlet 25-1 and a heat absorption pipeline group water outlet 25-2 at the middle positions of the long pipelines 25-3 and 25-4 respectively; the outline dimensions of the heat dissipation pipeline group 26 and the heat absorption pipeline group 25 are correspondingly the same, the heat dissipation pipeline group 26 is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the heat storage cavity 12-6, and a heat dissipation pipeline group water inlet 26-1 and a heat dissipation pipeline group water outlet 26-2 are correspondingly arranged at the middle positions of the long pipeline 26-3 and the long pipeline 26-4 respectively; the water inlet 25-1 of the heat absorption pipeline group is led out and installed into the water inlet mounting hole 12-2 of the heat absorption pipeline group through the water inlet connecting pipe fitting 25-6 of the heat absorption pipeline group and is fixed by a pipeline connecting piece; the water outlet 25-2 of the heat absorption pipeline group is led out and installed into the water outlet installation hole 12-1 of the heat absorption pipeline group through the water outlet connecting pipe fitting 25-7 of the heat absorption pipeline group and is fixed by a pipeline connecting piece; the water inlet 26-1 of the heat dissipation pipeline group is led out and installed into the water inlet mounting hole 12-4 of the heat dissipation pipeline group through the water inlet connecting pipe fitting 26-6 of the heat dissipation pipeline group and is fixed by a pipeline connecting piece; the water outlet 26-2 of the heat dissipation pipeline group is led out and installed into the water outlet installation hole 12-3 of the heat dissipation pipeline group through the water outlet connecting pipe fitting 26-7 of the heat dissipation pipeline group and is fixed by a pipeline connecting piece; the heat storage box heat conduction fins are uniformly and uniformly welded at the lower ends of the transverse pipelines 25-5-1, 25-5-2, 25-5-3, 25-5-4, 25-5-5 and 25-5-6 of the heat absorption pipeline group 25, and the heat storage box heat conduction fins are welded at intervals, dislocation and uniform distribution at the upper ends of the transverse pipelines 26-5-1, 26-5-2, 26-5-3, 26-5-4, 26-5-5 and 26-5-6 of the corresponding heat dissipation pipeline group 26 and the heat storage box heat conduction fins welded at the lower ends of the transverse pipelines 25-5-1, 25-5-2, 25-5-3, 25-5-4, 25-5-5 and 25-5-6 of the heat absorption pipeline group 25; the upper end of the heat storage box shell 12 is opened, a sealing ring 11 is filled, a heat storage box cover 10 is covered, sealed, adhered and fixed on the heat storage box shell 12, and a low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase change material 28 is injected into the heat storage box through a phase change material injection port 10-1 of the heat storage box cover and sealed; the heat storage box shell 12 and the heat storage box cover 10 are made of engineering plastics;

As shown in fig. 1, the water supply module consists of a water tank 4, a water supply main pipe 3, a constant pressure pump 1, a water inlet main pipe 2 and a reversing valve 8; the water tank 4 is a square tank body, and a water supply pipe connector 4-1, a water return pipe connector A4-2, a water return pipe connector B4-3 and a water injection port 4-4 are respectively arranged on the tank body; the water supply main pipe 3 is connected with the water tank water supply pipe connector 4-1 and the constant pressure pump 1, and the water inlet main pipe 2 is connected with the constant pressure pump 1 and the reversing valve 8;

as shown in fig. 1 and 5, the cooling system L is composed of a cooling system L water inlet main pipe 5, an L water inlet branch pipe 6, an L speed regulating valve 7, an L temperature sensor 19, an L water outlet branch pipe 14, an L water outlet main pipe 17 and an L water return main pipe 9; the L water inlet branch pipes 6 are connected with an L water inlet main pipe 5 and a soaking box cooling water inlet pipe interface 20-1-1, and an L speed regulating valve 7 is arranged at the joint of each L water inlet branch pipe 6 and the L water inlet main pipe 5; the L-shaped water outlet branch pipes 14 are connected with the cooling water outlet pipe interfaces 20-1-2 of the soaking box and the L-shaped water outlet main pipe 17, and an L-shaped temperature sensor 19 is arranged at the joint of each L-shaped water outlet branch pipe 14 and the L-shaped water outlet main pipe 17; the L backwater main pipe 9 is connected with a water supply module water tank backwater pipe connector A4-2 and a heat dissipation pipeline group water outlet connecting pipe fitting 26-7 of the heat storage module; an L water outlet header pipe 17 connected with the L water outlet branch pipe 14 is connected with a water inlet connecting pipe fitting 26-6 of a heat dissipation pipeline group of the heat storage module; the L water inlet main pipe 5 connected with the L water inlet branch pipe 6 is connected with the water supply module reversing valve 8;

As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the heating system R is composed of a heating system R water supply main 21, an R water inlet main 13, an R water inlet branch pipe 16, an R speed regulating valve 15, an R temperature sensor 23, an R water outlet branch pipe 22 and an R water outlet main 24; the R water inlet branch pipes 16 are connected with the R water inlet main pipe 13 and the soaking box heating water inlet pipe interface 20-2-1, and an R speed regulating valve 15 is arranged at the joint of each R water inlet branch pipe 16 and the R water inlet main pipe 13; the R water outlet branch pipes 22 are connected with the soaking box heating water outlet pipe interfaces 20-2-2 and the R water outlet main pipe 24, and an R temperature sensor 23 is arranged at the joint of each R water outlet branch pipe 22 and the R water outlet main pipe 24; the R water supply main pipe 21 is connected with a water supply module reversing valve 8 and a water inlet connecting pipe fitting 25-6 of a heat absorption pipeline group of the heat storage module; the R water inlet main pipe 13 connected with the R water inlet branch pipe 16 is connected with a water outlet connecting pipe fitting 25-7 of the heat storage module heat absorption pipeline group; an R water outlet main pipe 24 connected with the R water outlet branch pipe 22 is connected with a water return pipe interface B4-3 of the water supply module water tank;

as shown in fig. 14, the cooling system L speed valve 7, the heating system R speed valve 15, the cooling system L temperature sensor 19, the heating system R temperature sensor 23, and the water supply module reversing valve 8 are connected with the vehicle electronic control unit ECU 29 to form a temperature control circuit.

Embodiment one:

the invention is applied to an automobile consisting of 5 battery cells 18 and is connected with an ECU 29 of the automobile, and adopts the following technical scheme: the system consists of a battery module, a heat storage module, a water supply module, a cooling system L and a heating system R;

as shown in fig. 3-6, the soaking module is composed of vehicle-mounted battery cells 18, 18B, 18C, 18D, 18E, soaking boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E, 20F, and a low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase change material 28; the soaking boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E and 20F are sheet square boxes which are matched with the side surfaces of the vehicle-mounted battery monomers 18, 18B, 18C, 18D and 18E and contain the low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28, and the upper end and the lower end of each box are respectively provided with a cooling water pipe cavity 20-1 and a heating water pipe cavity 20-2; two ends of the cooling water pipe cavity 20-1 are respectively provided with a cooling water inlet pipe interface 20-1-1 and a cooling water outlet pipe interface 20-1-2; a heating water inlet pipe interface 20-2-1 and a heating water outlet pipe interface 20-2-2 are respectively arranged at two ends of the heating water pipe cavity 20-2; a phase change material filling port 20-3 is arranged on the box body; soaking box heat conducting fins are uniformly distributed in the inner cavity of the soaking box at intervals, the soaking box heat conducting fins are in a long strip shape, the soaking box heat conducting fins 20-1-3, 20-1-4 and 20-1-5 are respectively and fixedly connected to the wall of the cooling water pipe cavity 20-1 at intervals in a staggered manner, and the soaking box heat conducting fins 20-2-3, 20-2-4 and 20-2-5 are respectively and fixedly connected to the wall of the heating water pipe cavity 20-2 at intervals in a staggered manner; the low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 is filled in the inner cavity of the box body through the phase-change material filling port 20-3 and is sealed by a plug; the soaking boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E, 20F and the soaking box heat conducting fin 20-4 which form a whole are cast by aluminum alloy; the two side surfaces of each vehicle-mounted battery cell 18, 18B, 18C, 18D, 18E are respectively and tightly fixed with a soaking box 20, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E, 20F, and soaking modules are formed by bonding and fixing the soaking boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E, 20F and the battery cells 18, 18B, 18C, 18D, 18E through heat-conducting silica gel;

As shown in fig. 7-11, the heat storage module is composed of a heat storage box shell 12, a heat storage box cover 10, a sealing ring 11, a heat absorption pipeline group 25, a heat dissipation pipeline group 26, a heat storage box heat conduction sheet, an elastic partition plate 27 and a low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase change material 28; the heat storage box shell 12 is an open rectangular box body processed by engineering plastics, a shell sealing bayonet 12-5 is processed at one tenth of one end of the inner cavity of the rectangular box body, and an elastic partition plate 27 processed by engineering plastics sheets is tightly inserted into the shell sealing bayonet 12-5 and is bonded and sealed to isolate the inner cavity into a heat storage cavity 12-6 and a buffer cavity 12-7; a phase change material injection port 10-1 is processed at the center of the heat storage box cover 10, and a box cover sealing bayonet 10-2 is arranged at one tenth of one end of the box cover and corresponds to the heat storage box; on the box wall corresponding to the middle position of the upper part of the heat storage cavity, which is 2-3cm away from the cavity opening, respectively processing a mounting hole 12-2 of a water inlet of a heat absorption pipeline and a mounting hole 12-1 of a water outlet of the heat absorption pipeline, which are matched with the water inlet 25-1 of the heat absorption pipeline and the water outlet 25-2 of the heat absorption pipeline, respectively processing a mounting hole 12-4 of a water inlet of a heat absorption pipeline and a mounting hole 12-3 of a water outlet of the heat absorption pipeline, which are matched with the water inlet 26-1 of the heat absorption pipeline and the water outlet 26-2 of the heat absorption pipeline, respectively, on the box wall corresponding to the middle position of the lower part of the heat storage cavity, which is 2-3mm away from the cavity bottom; the heat absorption pipeline group 25 is a rectangular column-shaped pipeline which is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the heat storage cavity and is communicated with each other and is formed by metal pipelines, wherein a uniform gap of 2-3cm is reserved at the periphery of the heat storage cavity, the rectangular column-shaped pipeline is formed by six transverse pipelines 25-5-1, 25-5-2, 25-5-3, 25-5-4, 25-5-5-5 and 25-5-6 which are correspondingly and uniformly connected between two corresponding long pipelines 25-3 and 25-4, and a water inlet 25-1 of the heat absorption pipeline group and a water outlet 25-2 of the heat absorption pipeline group are correspondingly arranged at the middle positions of the long pipelines 25-3 and 25-4 respectively; the outline dimensions of the heat dissipation pipeline group 26 and the heat absorption pipeline group 25 are correspondingly the same, the heat dissipation pipeline group 26 is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the heat storage cavity, and a water inlet 26-1 of the heat dissipation pipeline group and a water outlet 26-2 of the heat dissipation pipeline group are correspondingly arranged at the middle positions of the long pipeline 26-3 and the long pipeline 26-4 respectively; the water inlet 25-1 of the heat absorption pipeline group is led out and installed into the water inlet mounting hole 12-2 of the heat absorption pipeline group through the water inlet connecting pipe fitting 25-6 of the heat absorption pipeline group and is fixed by a pipeline connecting piece; the water outlet 25-2 of the heat absorption pipeline group is led out and installed into the water outlet installation hole 12-1 of the heat absorption pipeline group through the water outlet connecting pipe fitting 25-7 of the heat absorption pipeline group and is fixed by a pipeline connecting piece; the water inlet 26-1 of the heat dissipation pipeline group is led out and installed into the water inlet mounting hole 12-4 of the heat dissipation pipeline group through the water inlet connecting pipe fitting 26-6 of the heat dissipation pipeline group and is fixed by a pipeline connecting piece; the water outlet 26-2 of the heat dissipation pipeline group is led out and installed into the water outlet installation hole 12-3 of the heat dissipation pipeline group through the water outlet connecting pipe fitting 26-7 of the heat dissipation pipeline group and is fixed by a pipeline connecting piece; the heat storage box heat conduction sheets are uniformly and uniformly welded at the lower ends of the transverse pipelines 25-5-1, 25-5-2, 25-5-3, 25-5-4, 25-5-5 and 25-5-6 of the heat absorption pipeline group 25, and the heat storage box heat conduction sheets are uniformly and uniformly welded at intervals of the upper ends of the transverse pipelines 26-5-1, 26-5-2, 26-5-3, 26-5-4, 26-5-5 and 26-5-6 of the corresponding heat dissipation pipeline group 26 and the heat storage box heat conduction sheets welded at the lower ends of the transverse pipelines 25-5-1, 25-5-2, 25-5-3, 25-5-4, 25-5-5 and 25-5-6 of the heat absorption pipeline group 25; the upper end of the heat storage box shell 12 is opened, a sealing ring 11 is filled, a heat storage box cover 10 is covered, sealed, adhered and fixed on the heat storage box shell 12, and a low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase change material 28 is injected into the heat storage box through a phase change material injection port 10-1 of the heat storage box cover and sealed; the heat storage box shell 12 and the heat storage box cover 10 are made of engineering plastics;

as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 5, the cooling system L is composed of a cooling system L water inlet manifold 5, L water inlet branch pipes 6, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E, 6F, L speed regulating valves 7, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E, 7F, L temperature sensors 19, 19B, 19C, 19D, 19E, 19F, L water outlet branch pipes 14, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, 14F, L water outlet manifold 17 and L water return manifold 9; the L water inlet branch pipes 6, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E and 6F are connected with the L water inlet main pipe 5 and the cooling water inlet pipe interfaces 20-1-1 of the soaking boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E and 20F, and L speed regulating valves 7, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E and 7F are arranged at the connection parts of the L water inlet branch pipes 6, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E and 6F and the L water inlet main pipe 5; the L water outlet branch pipes 14, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E and 14F are connected with the cooling water outlet pipe interfaces 20-1-2 of the soaking boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E and 20F and the L water outlet main pipe 17, and L temperature sensors 19, 19B, 19C, 19D, 19E and 19F are arranged at the connection parts of the L water outlet branch pipes 14, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E and 14F and the L water outlet main pipe 17; the L backwater main pipe 9 is connected with a water supply module water tank backwater pipe connector A4-2 and a heat dissipation pipeline group water outlet connecting pipe fitting 26-7 of the heat storage module; the L water outlet header pipe 17 connected with the L water outlet branch pipes 14, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E and 14F is connected with a water inlet connecting pipe fitting 26-6 of a heat dissipation pipeline group of the heat storage module; the L water inlet main pipe 5 connected with the L water inlet branch pipes 6, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E and 6F is connected with the water supply module reversing valve 8;

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 5, the heating system R is composed of a heating system R water supply main 21, an R water inlet main 13, R water inlet branch pipes 16, 16B, 16C, 16D, 16E, 16F, R speed regulating valves 15, 15B, 15C, 15D, 15E, 15F, R temperature sensors 23, 23B, 23C, 23D, 23E, 23F, R water outlet branch pipes 22, 22B, 22C, 22D, 22E, 22F and an R water outlet main 24; the R water inlet branch pipes 16, 16B, 16C, 16D, 16E and 16F are connected with the R water inlet main pipe 13 and the heating water inlet pipe interfaces 20-2-1 of the soaking boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E and 20F, and R speed regulating valves 15, 15B, 15C, 15D, 15E and 15F are arranged at the connection positions of the R water inlet branch pipes 16, 16B, 16C, 16D, 16E and 16F and the R water inlet main pipe 13; the R water outlet branch pipes 22, 22B, 22C, 22D, 22E and 22F are connected with the heating water outlet pipe interfaces 20-2-2 of the soaking boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E and 20F and the R water outlet main pipe 24, and R temperature sensors 23, 23B, 23C, 23D, 23E and 23F are arranged at the connection parts of the R water outlet branch pipes 22, 22B, 22C, 22D, 22E and 22F and the R water outlet main pipe 24; the R water supply main pipe 21 is connected with a water supply module reversing valve 8 and a water inlet connecting pipe fitting 25-6 of a heat absorption pipeline group of the heat storage module; the R water inlet main pipe 13 connected with the R water inlet branch pipes 16, 16B, 16C, 16D, 16E and 16F is connected with the water outlet connecting pipe fitting 25-7 of the heat absorption pipe group of the heat storage module; the R water outlet main pipe 24 connected with the R water outlet branch pipes 22, 22B, 22C, 22D, 22E and 22F is connected with the water return pipe interface B4-3 of the water supply module water tank;

As shown in fig. 14, the cooling system L speed control valves 7, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E, 7F, the heating system R speed control valves 15, 15B, 15C, 15D, 15E, 15F, the cooling system L temperature sensors 19, 19B, 19C, 19D, 19E, 19F, the heating system R temperature sensors 23, 23B, 23C, 23D, 23E, 23F, and the water supply module reversing valve 8 are connected to the vehicle electronic control unit ECU 29 to constitute a temperature control circuit.

The invention is applied to the operation process of the automobile power battery pack thermal management system consisting of 5 battery monomers:

the invention controls the cooling process of the battery pack: when the temperature of the battery pack is too high in the charging and discharging process, the electronic control unit ECU 29 controls the reversing valve 8 to reverse, the water inlet main pipe 2 and the L water inlet main pipe 5 are connected, and the constant pressure pump 1 supplies cooling liquid from the water tank 4 to the cooling water pipe cavities 20-1 of the soaking boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E and 20F along the water supply main pipe 3, the water inlet main pipe 2, the L water inlet main pipe 5 and the L water inlet branch pipes 6, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E and 6F; under the action of the temperature difference, the heat of the battery monomers 18, 18B, 18C, 18D and 18E is transferred to the heat-equalizing box low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 through the shells of the heat-equalizing boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E and 20F in a heat conduction mode, the heat of the heat-equalizing box low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 absorbs heat and gradually melts and keeps the temperature near the melting point in the melting process, the heat-equalizing box heat-conducting plates 20-1-3, 20-1-4 and 20-1-5 conduct the heat of the heat-equalizing box low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 into the cooling liquid in the cooling water pipe cavity 20-1, the cooling liquid with the heat obtained is led into the heat-dissipating pipeline group 26 through the L water outlet branch pipes 14, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E and 14F, L, the heat of the cooling liquid is led into the heat-storing box low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 along the heat-storing box heat-conducting plates, the heat of the box low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 loses heat and gradually melts, and the cooling liquid with the heat obtained through the L water returning to the water tank through the water tank 9; the L temperature sensors 19, 19B, 19C, 19D, 19E and 19F detect the temperature of the cooling liquid in the L water outlet branch pipes 14, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E and 14F to obtain the temperature conditions of the corresponding battery monomers 18, 18B, 18C, 18D and 18E, when the temperature fluctuates, the information is fed back to the ECU 29, the opening degree of the valve of the corresponding L speed regulating valve 7 or 7B or 7C or 7D or 7E or 7F is controlled, and accordingly the flow rate of the cooling liquid entering the L water inlet branch pipes 6 or 6B or 6D or 6E or 6F is controlled, so that the soaking box low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 in the soaking boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E and 20F is always kept in a nearly completely melted state, and the temperature of the battery monomers 18 is kept consistent; the volume of the heat storage tank low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 is gradually increased in the melting process, so that the elastic partition plate 27 is gradually deformed, the volume of the heat storage cavity 12-6 of the heat storage tank is increased, and the volume of the buffer cavity 12-7 of the heat storage tank is reduced.

The invention carries out the heat preservation control process of the battery pack: after the automobile is parked, the soaking box low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 absorbs heat and melts in the running process of the automobile, a large amount of latent heat is stored, and when the automobile is in a stopped state, the temperature of the battery monomer 18 can be delayed from dropping through gradual solidification and heat release, so that a good heat preservation effect is achieved, and the automobile can be started quickly after the automobile is parked briefly.

The invention controls the heating process of the battery pack: when the temperature of the battery pack is too low in the charging and discharging process, the electronic control unit ECU 29 controls the reversing valve 8 to reverse, the water inlet main pipe 2 and the R water supply main pipe 21 are connected, the constant pressure pump 1 supplies cooling liquid from the water tank 4 to the heat absorption pipeline group 25 along the water supply main pipe 3, the water inlet main pipe 2 and the R water supply main pipe 21, heat stored by the heat storage box low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 is guided into the cooling liquid in the heat absorption pipeline group 25 along the heat storage box heat conduction plate, the cooling liquid with the obtained heat enters the heating water pipe cavity 20-2 of the heat equalization box 20, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E and 20F through the R water inlet main pipe 13, the R water inlet branch pipes 16, 16B, 16C, 16D and 16E, the soaking box heat-conducting plates 20-2-3, 20-2-4 and 20-2-5 guide the heat of the cooling liquid into the low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 of the soaking box, the low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 of the soaking box heats the battery monomers 18, 18B, 18C, 18D and 18E through the shells of the soaking boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E and 20F, and the cooling liquid losing the heat returns to the water tank 4 through the R water outlet branch pipes 22, 22B, 22C, 22D, 22E and 22F, R water outlet main pipe 24; the R temperature sensors 23, 23B, 23C, 23D, 23E, 23F detect the temperature of the cooling liquid in each R outlet branch pipe 22, 22B, 22C, 22D, 22E, 22F, obtain the temperature conditions of the corresponding battery cells 18, 18B, 18C, 18D, 18E, and feed back information to the ECU 29, control the valve opening of the corresponding R speed control valve 15 or 15B or 15C or 15D or 15E or 15F, thereby controlling the flow rate of the cooling liquid entering the R inlet branch pipe 16 or 16B or 16C or 16D or 16E or 16F, adjusting the heating amount of the corresponding battery cell 18, when the temperatures of all the battery cells 18 reach the operating temperature range, the ECU 29 controls the reversing valve 8 to reverse, the constant pressure pump 1 stops running, and the heating control process is completed. The low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 of the heat storage tank losing heat gradually solidifies, the deformation of the elastic partition plate 27 gradually recovers, the volume of the heat storage cavity 12-6 of the heat storage tank is reduced, and the volume of the buffer cavity 12-7 of the heat storage tank is increased.

Embodiment two:

the invention is applied to an automobile consisting of 4 battery monomers 18 and is connected with an ECU 29 of the automobile, and adopts the following technical scheme: the system consists of a battery module, a heat storage module, a water supply module, a cooling system L and a heating system R;

as shown in fig. 4-6 and 17, the soaking module is composed of vehicle-mounted battery cells 18, 18B, 18C and 18D, soaking boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D and 20E and a low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase change material 28; the soaking boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D and 20E are sheet square boxes which are matched with the side surfaces of the vehicle-mounted battery monomers 18, 18B, 18C and 18D and contain the low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28, and the upper end and the lower end of each box are respectively provided with a cooling water pipe cavity 20-1 and a heating water pipe cavity 20-2; two ends of the cooling water pipe cavity 20-1 are respectively provided with a cooling water inlet pipe interface 20-1-1 and a cooling water outlet pipe interface 20-1-2; a heating water inlet pipe interface 20-2-1 and a heating water outlet pipe interface 20-2-2 are respectively arranged at two ends of the heating water pipe cavity 20-2; a phase change material filling port 20-3 is arranged on the box body; soaking box heat conducting fins are uniformly distributed in the inner cavity of the soaking box at intervals, the soaking box heat conducting fins are in a long strip shape, the soaking box heat conducting fins 20-1-3, 20-1-4 and 20-1-5 are respectively and fixedly connected to the wall of the cooling water pipe cavity 20-1 at intervals in a staggered manner, and the soaking box heat conducting fins 20-2-3, 20-2-4 and 20-2-5 are respectively and fixedly connected to the wall of the heating water pipe cavity 20-2 at intervals in a staggered manner; the low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 is filled in the inner cavity of the box body through the phase-change material filling port 20-3 and is sealed by a plug; the soaking boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D and 20E and the soaking box heat conducting fin 20-4 which form a whole are cast by aluminum alloy; two side surfaces of each vehicle-mounted battery cell 18, 18B, 18C and 18D are respectively and tightly fixed with a soaking box 20, 20B, 20C, 20D and 20E, and the soaking boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D and 20E are adhered and fixed with the battery cells 18, 18B, 18C and 18D through heat conduction silica gel to form a soaking module;

As shown in fig. 15, the water supply module consists of a water tank 4, a water supply main pipe 3, a constant pressure pump 1, a water inlet main pipe 2 and a reversing valve 8; the water tank 4 is a square tank body, and a water supply pipe connector 4-1, a water return pipe connector A4-2, a water return pipe connector B4-3 and a water injection port 4-4 are respectively arranged on the tank body; the water supply main pipe 3 is connected with the water tank water supply pipe connector 4-1 and the constant pressure pump 1, and the water inlet main pipe 2 is connected with the constant pressure pump 1 and the reversing valve 8;

as shown in fig. 5, 15 and 16, the cooling system L is composed of a cooling system L water inlet main pipe 5, L water inlet branch pipes 6, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E, L speed regulating valves 7, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E, L temperature sensors 19, 19B, 19C, 19D, 19E, L water outlet branch pipes 14, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E, L water outlet main pipe 17 and L water return main pipe 9; the L water inlet branch pipes 6, 6B, 6C, 6D and 6E are connected with the L water inlet main pipe 5 and the cooling water inlet pipe interfaces 20-1-1 of the soaking boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D and 20E, and L speed regulating valves 7, 7B, 7C, 7D and 7E are arranged at the connection positions of the L water inlet branch pipes 6, 6B, 6C, 6D and 6E and the L water inlet main pipe 5; the L water outlet branch pipes 14, 14B, 14C, 14D and 14E are connected with the cooling water outlet pipe interfaces 20-1-2 of the soaking boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D and 20E and the L water outlet main pipe 17, and L temperature sensors 19, 19B, 19C, 19D and 19E are arranged at the connection positions of the L water outlet branch pipes 14, 14B, 14C, 14D and 14E and the L water outlet main pipe 17; the L backwater main pipe 9 is connected with a water supply module water tank backwater pipe connector A4-2 and a heat dissipation pipeline group water outlet connecting pipe fitting 26-7 of the heat storage module; the L water outlet header pipe 17 connected with the L water outlet branch pipes 14, 14B, 14C, 14D and 14E is connected with a water inlet connecting pipe fitting 26-6 of the heat dissipation pipeline group of the heat storage module; the L water inlet main pipe 5 connected with the L water inlet branch pipes 6, 6B, 6C, 6D and 6E is connected with the water supply module reversing valve 8;

As shown in fig. 5, 15 and 16, the heating system R is composed of a heating system R water supply main 21, an R water inlet main 13, R water inlet branch pipes 16, 16B, 16C, 16D, 16E, R speed regulating valves 15, 15B, 15C, 15D, 15E, R temperature sensors 23, 23B, 23C, 23D, 23E, R water outlet branch pipes 22, 22B, 22C, 22D, 22E and an R water outlet main 24; the R water inlet branch pipes 16, 16B, 16C, 16D and 16E are connected with the R water inlet main pipe 13 and the heating water inlet pipe interfaces 20-2-1 of the soaking boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D and 20E, and R speed regulating valves 15, 15B, 15C, 15D and 15E are arranged at the connection positions of the R water inlet branch pipes 16, 16B, 16C, 16D and 16E and the R water inlet main pipe 13; the R water outlet branch pipes 22, 22B, 22C, 22D and 22E are connected with the heating water outlet pipe interfaces 20-2-2 of the soaking boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D and 20E and the R water outlet main pipe 24, and R temperature sensors 23, 23B, 23C, 23D and 23E are arranged at the connection positions of the R water outlet branch pipes 22, 22B, 22C, 22D and 22E and the R water outlet main pipe 24; the R water supply main pipe 21 is connected with a water supply module reversing valve 8 and a water inlet connecting pipe fitting 25-6 of a heat absorption pipeline group of the heat storage module; the R water inlet main pipe 13 connected with the R water inlet branch pipes 16, 16B, 16C, 16D and 16E is connected with the water outlet connecting pipe fitting 25-7 of the heat storage module heat absorption pipe group; the R water outlet main pipe 24 connected with the R water outlet branch pipes 22, 22B, 22C, 22D and 22E is connected with the water return pipe interface B4-3 of the water supply module water tank;

As shown in fig. 14, the cooling system L speed control valves 7, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E, the heating system R speed control valves 15, 15B, 15C, 15D, 15E, the cooling system L temperature sensors 19, 19B, 19C, 19D, 19E, the heating system R temperature sensors 23, 23B, 23C, 23D, 23E, and the water supply module reversing valve 8 are connected to the vehicle electronic control unit ECU 29 to constitute a temperature control circuit.

The invention is applied to the operation process of the thermal management system of the automobile power battery pack consisting of 4 battery monomers:

the invention controls the cooling process of the battery pack: when the temperature of the battery pack is too high in the charging and discharging process, the electronic control unit ECU 29 controls the reversing valve 8 to reverse, the water inlet main pipe 2 and the L water inlet main pipe 5 are connected, and the constant pressure pump 1 supplies cooling liquid from the water tank 4 to the cooling water pipe cavities 20-1 of the soaking boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D and 20E along the water supply main pipe 3, the water inlet main pipe 2, the L water inlet main pipe 5 and the L water inlet branch pipes 6, 6B, 6C, 6D and 6E; under the action of the temperature difference, the heat of the battery monomers 18, 18B, 18C and 18D is transferred to the low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 of the soaking box through the shells of the soaking boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D and 20E in a heat conduction mode, the low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 of the soaking box absorbs heat and gradually melts and keeps the temperature near the melting point in the melting process, the heat of the low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 of the soaking box is led into the cooling liquid in the cooling water pipe cavity 20-1 by the heat-conducting plates 20-1, 20-1-4 and 20-1-5, the cooling liquid with the heat obtained is led into the heat dissipation pipeline group 26 through the water outlet manifolds 17 of the L water outlet branch pipes 14, 14B, 14C, 14D and 14E, L, the heat of the cooling liquid is led into the low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 of the heat storage box along the heat-conducting plate of the heat storage box, the low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 of the heat storage box absorbs heat and gradually melts, and the lost cooling liquid returns to the water tank 4 through the L9; the L temperature sensors 19, 19B, 19C, 19D and 19E detect the temperature of the cooling liquid in each L water outlet branch pipe 14, 14B, 14C, 14D and 14E to obtain the temperature conditions of the corresponding battery monomers 18, 18B, 18C and 18D, when the temperature fluctuates, the information is fed back to the ECU 29, the opening degree of the valve of the corresponding L speed regulating valve 7 or 7B or 7C or 7D or 7E is controlled, so that the flow rate of the cooling liquid entering the L water inlet branch pipe 6 or 6B or 6C or 6D or 6E is controlled, the soaking box low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase change material 28 in each soaking box 20, 20B, 20C, 20D and 20E is always kept in a state close to complete melting, and the temperature of each battery monomer 18 is kept consistent; the volume of the heat storage tank low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 is gradually increased in the melting process, so that the elastic partition plate 27 is gradually deformed, the volume of the heat storage cavity 12-6 of the heat storage tank is increased, and the volume of the buffer cavity 12-7 of the heat storage tank is reduced.

The invention controls the heating process of the battery pack: when the temperature of the battery pack is too low in the charging and discharging process, the electronic control unit ECU 29 controls the reversing valve 8 to reverse, the water inlet main pipe 2 and the R water supply main pipe 21 are connected, the constant pressure pump 1 supplies cooling liquid from the water tank 4 into the heat absorption pipeline group 25 along the water supply main pipe 3, the water inlet main pipe 2 and the R water supply main pipe 21, heat stored by the heat storage box low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase change material 28 is guided into cooling liquid in the heat absorption pipeline group 25 along the heat storage box heat conducting plate, the obtained cooling liquid enters the heating water pipe cavities 20-2 of the heat balancing boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 16D and 16E through the R water inlet main pipes 13, the R water inlet branch pipes 16, 16B, 16C and 16D, and the heating water pipe cavities 20-2 of the heat balancing boxes 20, 20B, 20C, 20D and 20E, the heat of the cooling liquid is guided into the low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase change material 28 of the heat balancing boxes through the heat balancing boxes 20B, 20C and 20D and the heat balancing boxes 20C, the heat of the cooling liquid is lost through the heat balancing boxes 18B, 18C and 18D and the heat balancing boxes 22, the cooling liquid is discharged from the heat pipe cavities 22B and the cooling water flows through the heat balancing boxes 20C and the heat pipe; the R temperature sensors 23, 23B, 23C, 23D, 23E detect the temperature of the cooling liquid in each R outlet branch pipe 22, 22B, 22C, 22D, 22E, obtain the temperature conditions of the corresponding battery cells 18, 18B, 18C, 18D, and feed back information to the ECU 29, control the valve opening of the corresponding R speed regulating valve 15 or 15B or 15C or 15D or 15E, thereby controlling the flow rate of the cooling liquid entering the R inlet branch pipe 16 or 16B or 16C or 16D or 16E, adjusting the heating amount of the corresponding battery cell 18, and when the temperatures of all the battery cells 18 reach the operating temperature range, the ECU 29 controls the reversing valve 8 to reverse, the constant pressure pump 1 stops running, and the heating control process is completed. The low-density polyethylene/paraffin composite phase-change material 28 of the heat storage tank losing heat gradually solidifies, the deformation of the elastic partition plate 27 gradually recovers, the volume of the heat storage cavity 12-6 of the heat storage tank is reduced, and the volume of the buffer cavity 12-7 of the heat storage tank is increased.

Claims

1. The electric automobile battery thermal management system based on the phase change material soaking and heat storage technology is arranged on an automobile and is connected with an ECU of the automobile, and is characterized by comprising a soaking module, a heat storage module, a water supply module, a cooling system L and a heating system R;