CN108682490A - High current density circle stack high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable structure - Google Patents
High current density circle stack high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN108682490A CN108682490A CN201810589663.XA CN201810589663A CN108682490A CN 108682490 A CN108682490 A CN 108682490A CN 201810589663 A CN201810589663 A CN 201810589663A CN 108682490 A CN108682490 A CN 108682490A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
- H01B7/282—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable
- H01B7/2825—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable using a water impermeable sheath
Abstract
The present invention relates to the round stack high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable structures that a kind of high current density can carry high current, belong to high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable field.The high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable is respectively from inside to outside radially core, insulating layer, isolation strip, liquid nitrogen channel, cryogenic envelope and outer jointing jacket, wherein the core is stacked by superconducting tape.The present invention uses stack cable core structure, can further increase the current density of current－carrying conductor, has smaller weight and volume, and simplify structure, is readily produced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the round stack high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable knots that a kind of high current density can carry high current
Structure belongs to high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable field.
Background technology
Naval vessel after newly making and repair, and demagnetization will be carried out using the naval vessel in certain time limit, it defends magnetic military in water
The attack of device (such as Magnetic Induction submarine mine) and by magnetic detection instrument discovery, ensures ship navigating safety.There are two types of methods for demagnetization：
(1) interim coil demagnetization method：Intrinsic magnetic field for offsetting naval vessel is executed by degaussing ship and degaussing stations.Degaussing stations or ship are furnished with
Degaussing generator group, anti-magnetized coil, magnetic field detection device, control device etc..Generally degaussing cable by regulation be wrapped in by
On the hull on demagnetization naval vessel, it is powered and eliminates magnetic field.Degaussing ship at sea carries out demagnetization, relatively more flexible.(2) fixed winding demagnetization
Method：Induced field for compensating naval vessel is carried out by the fixation degaussing winding of naval vessel itself laying.Demagnetization is mainly or for magnetic
The submarine mine of property fuse, magnetic mine had sunk by bombing many ships in World War II and the Vietnam War originally, and magnetic exploder has become submarine mine
Common fuse, in addition to hydrostatic fuze and acoustic fuze also have magnetic exploder in many combined fuze submarine mines.So that warship disappears
Magnetic has become required manufacture measure, and how long again demagnetization is just not sure of, this has with the ground magnetic area residing for navigation marine site
It closes.Submarine is also required to demagnetization, but act on it is big without surface ship, as long as because the targetedly underwater certain depth of magnetic anomaly detection instrument
There is large-scale steel object that can just detect substantially, submarine demagnetization can only slightly reduce a little detectable depth distance, and effect is limited.
High-temperature superconductor degaussing cable can be used for improving the magnetic defense ability of naval vessels.According to the project of water surface tactical operations center of the U.S.
Engineer claims, and wire weight will be mitigated by substituting copper conductor with high temperature super conductive conductor in eraser system, reduce wire circle.The U.S.
The electric current that the high temperature super conductive conductor of Superconductor Corporation can transmit is 150 times of the copper conductor of same diameter.For the typical military
With naval vessels, such as LPD17 amphibious landing warships, disappearing using copper conductor is compared in weight using the eraser system of high temperature super conductive conductor
Magnetic system is light by 20%, it not only alleviates system weight, but also decreases installation cost.Degaussing cable system will be used in
In the world on naval vessels used.High-temperature superconductor degaussing cable applies the high temperature super conductive conductor of American Superconductor Corp., and total length reaches
To 142 feet.Degaussing cable can convey 4100 Ampere currents, reach the mean level of the conventional copper demagnetization conducting wire of naval vessels,
But voltage can be less than 0.5 volt, or 1000 times lower than copper conductor.And most of all, high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable weight
Amount is only the 20% of common copper conductor degaussing cable.Therefore, advantage of the high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable in terms of weight, volume is estimated
It will be made to reduce 40% on installation cost with the eraser system based on copper conductor.In addition, due to zero electricity of high temperature super conductive conductor
The characteristic of resistance, therefore only needing seldom energy just can be such that high-temperature superconductor eraser system runs.American Superconductor Corp. declares, is somebody's turn to do
Company is successfully authenticated the degaussing cable of the first full-scale based superconductor in the whole world.Naval ship mostly uses greatly degaussing cable, with
Lower magnetic signal feature, makes naval vessels be not easy to be found, especially avoid the threat of magnetic induction submarine mine.High-temperature superconductor for verification
Degaussing cable grows 40 meters, and in experiment, cable has passed through 4100 amperes of electric current, this is conventional copper degaussing cable carrier-borne at present
Representative value, but operating voltage significantly reduces, and 0.5 volt of voltage is the one thousandth of copper cable operating voltage.
102855982 A of patent CN disclose a kind of naval vessel shield type direction waterproof demagnetization in degaussing cable field
Cable and its manufacturing method are twisted into twisted copper conductors after tinned copper wire impregnation sealant glue, and twisted copper conductors periphery, which is impregnated with, leads
Body sealant layer, conductor sealant layer periphery are extruded with electro-insulating rubber layer and constitute insulation core wire, the gap between each insulation core wire
Place is filled with neoprene packing and more insulation core wires are integrally twisted into cable core, and cable core periphery is equipped with cable core interior sealing successively
Glue-line, inner sheath rubber layer, armouring shielded layer and oversheath rubber layer.The cable conductor monofilament impregnation sealant glue, twisted copper are led
It is impregnated with conductor sealant layer week in vitro, cable core periphery is extruded with cable core interior sealing glue-line and forms multi-sealed, neoprene
Packing expansion in follow-up vulcanization can be filled up completely the gap in cable core, and can cause between insulation core wire and insulation core wire
No longer tangent, when to make to extrude cable core interior sealing glue-line, fluid sealant can penetrate into inside cable core, it is ensured that water seal.Specially
102751017 A of sharp CN disclose a kind of strengthening tensile type longitudinal watertight degaussing cable for ships and warships in degaussing cable field and
Its manufacturing method, being twisted after more tinned copper wire impregnation sealant glue becomes twisted copper conductors, and twisted copper conductors periphery, which is impregnated with, leads
Body sealant layer, conductor sealant layer periphery are extruded with electro-insulating rubber layer and constitute insulation core wire, the gap between each insulation core wire
Place is filled with neoprene packing and more insulation core wires are integrally twisted into cable core, and cable core periphery is extruded with cable core fluid sealant
Layer, cable core sealant layer periphery is extruded with jacket rubber layer.The cable conductor monofilament impregnation sealant glue, the leaching of twisted copper conductors periphery
Stain has conductor sealant layer, cable core periphery to be extruded with cable core sealant layer, forms multi-sealed, and neoprene packing is rear
Expansion can be filled up completely the gap in cable core when continuous vulcanization, and can cause it is no longer tangent between insulation core wire and insulation core wire,
When to make to extrude cable core sealant layer, fluid sealant can penetrate into inside cable core, it is ensured that water seal.Patent CN
102751020 A disclose a kind of longitudinal watertight degaussing cable for warship and its manufacturing method in degaussing cable field, more
Being twisted after tinned copper wire impregnation sealant glue becomes twisted copper conductors, and twisted copper conductors periphery is impregnated with conductor sealant layer, conductor
Sealant layer periphery is extruded with electro-insulating rubber layer and constitutes insulation core wire, and neoprene is filled at the gap between each insulation core wire
Packing and more insulation core wires are integrally twisted into cable core, and the periphery of cable core is extruded with cable core sealant layer, cable core sealant layer
Periphery be extruded with jacket rubber layer.The cable conductor monofilament impregnation sealant glue, twisted copper conductors periphery are impregnated with conductor sealing
The periphery of glue-line, cable core is extruded with cable core sealant layer, forms multi-sealed, and neoprene packing is swollen in follow-up vulcanization
The swollen gap that can be filled up completely in cable core, and can cause it is no longer tangent between insulation core wire and insulation core wire, to make to extrude
When cable core sealant layer, fluid sealant can penetrate into inside cable core, it is ensured that water seal.105469888 A of patent CN are disclosed
A kind of coaxial degaussing cable of two-conductor structure in degaussing cable field includes inner wire from inside to outside, rubber insulation, outer
Conductor, rubber separation layer and oversheath；The inner wire is by carrying core at its center and to carry core as the center of circle
Several aluminium alloy conductors being centered around outside strengthening core are twisted；Outer conductor by four with the symmetrical strengthening core of cable center and
Several copper conductors are composed；Plastic flexible pipe is equipped between rubber separation layer and oversheath；It is also set on the oversheath
There are temperature sense alarm, the height of temperature sense alarm to be not more than 0.3mm, width is not more than 0.8mm；The plastics are soft
Guan Shangshe sets that there are four grooves corresponding with tongue there are four tongue on oversheath.Carrying and the crushing resistance certainly of the present invention
Can, moisture-proof and good airproof performance, flexibility is good, decaying is small, shield effectiveness is good, moreover it is possible to while playing the role of monitoring cable temperature.Specially
105469888 A of sharp CN disclose the laying apparatu and electricity of a kind of degaussing cable slot in degaussing cable field, ship cable
Cable laying method is related to cable laying technical field.Degaussing cable slot, including：Cable trough groove body, rectangular cross-section and top are opened
Mouthful；Cover board is covered on the top open part of cable trough groove body；With the cable tight-hook of the fixation cable, it is built in cable trough slot
In body, cable tight-hook includes being formed by the u-bracket elevating lever relatively parallel with two, each elevating lever by two upright bars and bottom bar
Inside be respectively provided with two grooves and the corresponding outboard end for being limited in two upright bars, connected by fastener between two elevating levers.
The laying apparatu of ship cable is connected and composed by multiple degaussing cable slots, passes through sleeve between two neighboring degaussing cable slot
It is formed by connecting.Cable laying method is implemented using the laying apparatu of ship cable.The present invention in cable trough groove body by applying
If cable, the cable laying work of construction personnel can be significantly facilitated, the scraping collision to cable is reduced and damages.
Above-mentioned disclosed and existing degaussing cable, is mostly based on metal material, such as the degaussing cable that copper aluminium cable manufactures,
It has used resistance cable core coiling, has larger volume weight and resistance loss, needs the mating power supply of higher power.And
High-temperature superconductive cable, which uses, has high current density, and the superconductor coiling of zero resistance loss forms, and is based on high-temperature superconductive cable
Degaussing cable there is small in volume, loss is small, the advantages such as need mating power low.
Patent CN 101069247A disclose a kind of hyperconductive cable, which can be inhaled with a kind of simple structure
Receive the shrinkage of the superconduction thread elements in cooling.Hyperconductive cable according to the present invention includes：Superconduction is constituted by spiral wound
The superconduction thread elements of layer (conductor layer (13), return duct conductor (17))；The stress relaxation layer being arranged on the inside of superconducting layer is (interior
Lateral stress flabby sheaf (12), insulating layer/outside stress relaxation layer (16))；And the electricity on the inside of stress relaxation layer is set
Cable constituent element (drip molding (11)).Cable is configured to absorb to correspond to by stress relaxation layer to cool down superconduction thread elements by refrigerant
Superconducting layer in diametric shrinkage.Patent CN 101142637A refer to that invention provides cable size and further decreases
Hyperconductive cable and DC Transmission systems including the hyperconductive cable.Hyperconductive cable (1) has a structure in which, two of which cable
Core (2) is twisted together and is contained in thermal insulation pipe (8), and there is each cable core the superconduction made of superconductor to lead
Body layer (4) and outer superconducting layer (6).Each cable core (2) sequentially have since center former (3), superconducting conductor layer (4),
Insulating layer (5), outer superconducting layer (6) and protective layer (7).In unipolar transmission, the superconducting conductor layer (4) of two cores (2) is used as
The backhaul circuit of monopolar current is carried, the outer superconducting layer (6) of two cores (2) is used as carrying the reflux line of back flow current.
In bipolar transmission, the superconducting conductor layer (4) of a core (2) is used as positive transmission, the superconducting conductor layer (4) of another core (2)
It is used as cathode transmission, and the outer superconducting layer (6) of two cores (2) is used as neutral conductor layer.102859613 A this hair of patent CN
Bright to disclose a kind of hyperconductive cable with low material cost and good proof voltage energy, the cable can inhibit dielectric to damage
Consumption.Specifically disclose the DC superconducting cable (10) with the insulating layer (5) being located on conductor periphery, and the spy of the cable
Sign is：Insulating layer (5) is from the inner to the outer successively by the first insulating layer (5a), second insulating layer (5b) and third insulating layer
(5c) is formed；Insulating layer (5) is impregnated with liquid nitrogen；The permittivity ε 1 of first insulating layer (5a) and dielectric loss tangent value tan δ 1
The permittivity ε 2 of sum of products second insulating layer (5b) and the product of dielectric loss tangent value tan δ 2 meet 1 × tan of ε δ 1>ε2
The relationship of × tan δ 2；And the sum of products third of the permittivity ε 2 of second insulating layer (5b) and dielectric loss tangent value tan δ 2
The permittivity ε 3 of insulating layer (5c) meets 2 × tan of ε δ 2 with the product of dielectric loss tangent value tan δ 3<The pass of 3 × tan of ε δ 3
System.Patent CN 103177815 A inventions are related to a kind of three axis hyperconductive cables.The three axis hyperconductive cable includes：Cryogenic thermostat portion,
It has the interior cryogenic thermostat portion being coaxially disposed and outer cryogenic thermostat portion, is inserted with space therebetween；And single core, setting exist
In the interior cryogenic thermostat portion in cryogenic thermostat portion, it is inserted with space therebetween, wherein winding former is arranged at the center of core, has each
Side is placed coaxially at the periphery of winding former the superconduction conducting shell of phase radially outward, is inserted with insulating layer therebetween, and absolutely
Edge layer is placed coaxially at the periphery of outermost superconduction conducting shell, and wherein the outer cryogenic thermostat portion in cryogenic thermostat portion is by aluminium
Material is made and is configured to be electrically connected at super-conductive cable system the neutral conductor of neutral pole (poles N).Patent CN 106716558
A refers to a kind of hyperconductive cable, is characterized by the physical strength of enhancing superconducting wire, and then makes the shunting road of fault current
Diameter diversification, so as to reduce the diameter (sectional area) of skeleton or the hyperconductive cable of weight.
Disclosed in above-mentioned or existing high-temperature superconductive cable structure is mostly three same axis, the concentric hyperconductive cable knot of three-phase
Structure is equipped with copper core or the skeleton structure of hollow corrugated pipe.And stack high-temperature superconductive cable core and three same axis, three-phase
Concentric hyperconductive cable structure compares, and eliminates the skeleton structure of copper core either hollow corrugated pipe, can further increase superconduction
The current density of cable core has smaller weight and volume, and simplifies structure, is readily produced.Use stack can be with
Enhance high-temperature superconductor band especially mechanical strength of the YBCO coating conductors along C axis directions.And existing hyperconductive cable needs
Narrowband carries out coiling, and stack high-temperature superconductive cable can be used broadband and carry out coiling, avoids broadband from dividing, can further increase
The current carrying density of core cable.
Invention content
To solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of high current density circle stack high-temperature superconductors to disappear
The core current-carrying material of magnetoelectricity cable structure, the degaussing cable is the high-temperature superconductor band that can carry high current, Jin Erti
High power density, while by using stack cable core structure, the current density of current－carrying conductor can be further increased.Make
For degaussing cable for naval vessel, the present invention has good flexural property and underwater sealing performance.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of high current density circle stack high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable structure, the high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable is along diameter
To from inside to outside be respectively core, insulating layer, isolation strip, liquid nitrogen channel, cryogenic envelope and outer jointing jacket；Wherein：
The core is by n-layer superconducting tape stacked in parallel at the stacking superconductor of circular in cross-section；
The insulating layer uses Kapton, polypropylene layer platen, cellulose paper or oil compression cable paper Nomex
Fibrous paper；
Isolation strip is nylon winding pipe or fluoroplastic tape, and the nylon winding pipe or fluoroplastic tape are wrapped in the insulating layer
Outside；
The cryogenic envelope is radially respectively equipped with inner corrugated pipe and outward corrugated tube from inside to outside, the inner corrugated pipe and
The both ends of outward corrugated tube are welded to connect one end of stainless steel straight tube, by the inner corrugated pipe, outward corrugated tube and stainless steel straight tube
A flexible duct with intermediate course is constituted, the other end welding edge of a knife flange of the stainless steel straight tube simultaneously connects terminal；
It is liquid nitrogen channel between the cryogenic envelope and isolation strip, the outside of the cryogenic envelope is equipped with outer protection
Set.
Further, the core is not more than 0.3mm using thickness, and width is not more than 20mm, and critical current is not less than
The superconducting tape of 100A coated by copper, copper alloy or stainless steel.
Further, there are two types of around packet mode for the insulating layer tool：Every superconducting tape is all carried out to insulate wrapped, then
It ties up and is fixed as a branch of core；Or all superconducting tapes are directly tied up using insulation twining package tape and are fixed as a branch of core.
Further, in the cryogenic envelope, the length of the outward corrugated tube is more than the length of inner corrugated pipe, in described
Between interlayer be vacuum interlayer, and the both ends of the intermediate course are respectively equipped with vacuum pumping mouth, are equipped in the vacuum interlayer heat-insulated
Material.
Specifically, the heat insulating construction of the Dewar pipe can be that accumulation is adiabatic, stacked timber is filled in the intermediate course
Material, selected accumulation material be expanded perlite, pearlife, aeroge, super glass wool or polystyrene foam plastics, and
Filling condensation temperature is less than the gas of inner corrugated pipe surface temperature in the accumulation material；
Or the heat insulating construction of the Dewar pipe is high-vacuum insulation, the vacuum degree of the intermediate course is less than 1.3 × 10- 3The inner wall surface of Pa, the intermediate course using copper or aluminium and do bright and clean processing；
Or the heat insulating construction of the Dewar pipe is vacuum porous insulation, it is adiabatic filled with porosity in the intermediate course
Material, then intermediate course is evacuated to the low vacuum of 1-10Pa, selected porosity heat-insulating material is aeroge, vermiculite, pearly-lustre
Sand or microballoon heat-insulating material；
Or the heat insulating construction of the Dewar pipe is high vacuum multiple layer heat insulation, the wrapped multiple metal foil in intermediate course.
Further, the core includes superconducting layer and quenches protective layer, the superconducting layer and quenches protective layer described in
Core radially arranges or along the core radially layered interphase distribution；The superconducting layer uses superconducting tape, described to quench protection
Layer uses red metal flexible cord.
Further, it is equipped between adjacent superconducting tape in the stacking superconductor and quenches protective layer.
Further, the protective layer that quenches is wound with one layer of coiling protective layer being in contact with the superconducting layer,
The coiling protective layer select quality soft and at low temperature will not embrittlement material, such as Kapton, cotton tape.
High-temperature superconductor degaussing cable of the present invention, by high current density, the superconductor coiling of zero resistance loss forms,
The advantages such as with small in volume, loss is small, and the mating power of need is low.High-temperature superconductor degaussing cable of the present invention and three
The concentric hyperconductive cable structure of same axis, three-phase compares, and eliminates the skeleton structure of copper core either hollow corrugated pipe, can be into one
Step improves the current density of hyperconductive cable core, has smaller weight and volume, and simplify structure, is readily produced.It stacks
Formula core can be used broadband and carry out coiling, avoids broadband from dividing, can further increase the current carrying density of core cable.Heap is used simultaneously
Stacked can enhance high-temperature superconductor band especially mechanical strength of the YBCO coating conductors along C axis directions.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is cryogenic envelope structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is liquid nitrogen circulatory system schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the stacking superconductor sectional view of circular in cross-section；
Fig. 4 is superconduction degaussing cable radial section structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Wherein, 1- inner corrugated pipes, 2- outward corrugated tubes, 3- stainless steel straight tubes, 4- vacuum pumping mouthes, 5- intermediate courses, 6- superconductions
Degaussing cable, 7- liquid nitrogen pumps, 8- Subzero valves, 9- liquid nitrogen storage tanks, 10- cores, 11- insulating layers, 12- liquid nitrogen channel, 13- are protected outside
Sheath.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
A kind of high current density stack high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable structure, as shown in figure 4, the high-temperature superconductor demagnetization is electric
Cable is respectively radially core 10, insulating layer 11, isolation strip, liquid nitrogen channel 12, cryogenic envelope and outer jointing jacket from inside to outside
13, wherein：
The core is that high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable holds current-carrying core component, is not more than 0.3mm by thickness, width is not
More than 20mm, the superconducting tape of copper of the critical current not less than 100A, copper alloy or stainless steel cladding stacks.
Using superconduction belt material critical current Ic with changes of magnetic field characteristic, determined according to the running current size and Orientation of core
Magnetic field size and Orientation on high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable core, and then determine the critical current of core；According to facing for the core
Boundary's electric current and operation nargin, are iterated calculating to magnetic field on the running current and core of core, obtain the optimum operation of core
Electric current, the final radical for determining superconducting tape.
As shown in figure 3, the core by n-layer superconducting tape stacked in parallel at the stacking superconductor of circular in cross-section, surpass
The thickness of conduction band material is essentially identical, and along the superconducting tape width extending direction, the core can be stacked by two row superconducting tapes
It forms, superconducting tape width changes with the chord change of circular section, and the stacking superconductor is fixed in isolation strip.
The skeleton structure for stacking superconductor and eliminating copper core either hollow corrugated pipe, can further increase superconduction
The current density of cable core has smaller weight and volume.Between the superconducting tape of weight heap poststack, interface electronics from
Domain degree enhancing, thus causes the density of electronic states near Fermi surface to increase, to which superconducting characteristic enhances.And stack core
Coiling is carried out as isolation strip using nylon or fluoroplastics winding, avoids isolated tube from dividing, the load of core cable can be further increased
Current density.
The insulating layer act as electric insulation in high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable and ties up fixation.The insulating layer is to core
There are two types of around packet mode for body tool：Every superconducting tape is all carried out to insulate wrapped, then ties up and be fixed as a branch of core；Or by institute
There is superconducting tape directly to be tied up using insulation twining package tape and is fixed as a branch of core.Insulating layer is in liquid nitrogen environment, use and liquid
The good low temperature resistant electrical insulating material of nitrogen compatibility, the insulating layer select low temperature insulation material, mainly have polyimides thin
The materials such as film (PI), polypropylene layer platen PPLP, cellulose paper or oil compression cable paper aromatic polyamide paper (Nomex).
The selection of the insulating layer can be Kapton：Polyimides (PI) possesses excellent physics, chemically
Energy and temperature capacity, good thermal stability can keep good fortune in subzero 269 degrees Celsius to 400 degree Celsius ranges
Row state is resistant to almost all of organic solvent and acid, there is the characteristics such as preferable wear-resisting resistance to electric arc.This makes PI films become height
Most commonly used thin-film material in temperature superconductive electrical insulating material.PI films are in LN2Under AC breakdown strength it is general in Weibull
Rate value is 279kV/mm when being equal to 62%.When PI films are used for turn-to-turn insulation and wrapped number is not more than 3, in LN2Under friendship
Dc breakdown field strength increases with wrapped increasing for number.Characteristics of Partial Discharge of the PI films under liquid nitrogen can inhibit under low temperature
The generation of shelf depreciation, partial discharge inception voltage is twice higher than under room temperature under liquid nitrogen, and shelf depreciation is with internal flaw
Increase and enhances.
The selection of the insulating layer can be polypropylene layer platen：Polypropylene layer platen (PPLP) is one kind by porous paper
Insulating paper made of pulp material is suppressed with polypropylene film is three-decker, and outer two layers is wood-fibred paper, and internal layer is polypropylene,
Material cost is lower compared with PI, and PPLP has good impregnation performance, has good mechanical performance and higher at low temperature
Electrical strength.
The selection of the insulating layer can be cellulose paper:Common cellulose paper is generally in low-temperature insulation experiment
Kraft paper.Cellulose paper have it is preferable immersion, in 77K LN2Under conditions of dipping, 1 atmospheric pressure, opposite dielectric is normal
Number is 2.21, dielectric loss angle tangent 0.14.The electrical strength of cellulose paper compound inslation is impregnated with LN2The increasing of pressure
It is in greatly non-linear increase.At 77K, when pressure reaches 8 atmospheric pressure, AC breakdown strength reaches saturation.Kraft paper exists
AC breakdown strength at room temperature is 9.84kV/mm, in LN2Under AC breakdown strength be equal in Weibull probability value
It is 74kV/m when 63.2%, is its 7.5 times at room temperature, in addition, Kraft paper is in LN2Its lower dc breakdown field strength is than exchange
Disruptive field intensity is about 2 times high, similar with the experimental result in air, when Kraft paper is for turn-to-turn insulation and wrapped number is no more than 3
When, with the increase of wrapped number, in LN2Under dc breakdown field strength increase to 25kV from 10kV, be AC breakdown strength
1.1-1.5 again.
The selection of the insulating layer can be oil compression cable paper aromatic polyamide paper:Oil compression cable paper aromatic polyamide fibre
Paper (Nomex) is a kind of aromatic amides polymer insulation paper of synthesis, has good flexible, low temperature electric property and machinery
Performance.Nomex paper is in LN2Under dc breakdown field strength it is about 2 times higher than AC breakdown strength, this and the experimental result class in air
Seemingly.When Nomex is used for turn-to-turn insulation and wrapped number is less than 3, in LN2Under alternating current-direct current disruptive field intensity increasing with wrapped number
And increase.
The design of the insulation layer structure should determine the thickness of insulating layer for single-core cable first, and insulation thickness can
It is calculated as the following formula：
Wherein：U is voltage, is 2.6~3.3 times of superconduction degaussing cable rated voltage；Consider impact test, it can be according to guarantor
Shield is horizontal to be chosen.E is corresponding power frequency disruptive field intensity or impulse breakdown intensity, and m is corresponding to the peace under power frequency and surge voltage
Full nargin, takes 1.2~1.65；RcFor core radius, R is insulating layer outer radius, R-RcAs thickness of insulating layer.
After the thickness that insulating layer is determined, it is thus necessary to determine that the winding structure of insulating layer, insulating layer by multi-layer insulation around
Make, be both convenient for making in this way, it is ensured that cable can curvature, be divided into the weakness dissipated in insulating paper strip, increase insulating layer
The uniformity, improve the breakdown strength of insulating layer, reduce the dispersibility of insulating layer breakdown strength.The winding method of insulating layer is taken
Two kinds of lid formula and clearance-type.Put up formula than clearance-type can curvature with winding tight ness rating it is low, therefore be only used for against core and absolutely
Outermost several layers of of edge layer, can make surface smooth, reduce void size.
After the completion of insulating layer coiling, defect elimination processing should be carried out.It insulate after significantly reducing dipping containing moisture in insulating layer
The dielectric and ageing properties of layer, therefore cable insulation must be dried.The thickness and air impermeability of insulating materials are to pulse
Breakdown strength has a significant impact, therefore the impermeable manner of the thickness of reduction insulating materials, increase insulating materials can increase dipping
The impulse breakdown field strength of insulating materials insulation.The gap of insulating materials interlayer coincides, and it is exhausted to substantially reduce impregnated insulating material
The impulse breakdown field strength of edge, while its power frequency breakdown strength can be also reduced, it should strictly limit gap overlapping number.In addition, due to liquid
Nitrogen is different with the dielectric constant of insulating materials, shelf depreciation can be generated between gap, this point is recognized in the case of logical high pressure
One of the main reason for be pressure resistance degeneration.Therefore, insulating layer should avoid shelf depreciation, more preferably more long holding from operating steady
It is qualitative.
Under actual operating mode, hyperconductive cable by the contact force between axial cold events and adjacent superconducting tape,
And superconducting tape is in winding process, and it is loose to prevent, it needs to apply suitable radial load, in addition the works such as dielectric protection layer layer
With compressing force radially can be generated to superconducting tape.These plus loads can cause the degeneration of superconducting tape performance, be to super
Cable carries out mechanical Characteristic analysis, it is ensured that the safe operation of degaussing cable core.
Isolation strip is nylon winding pipe or fluoroplastic tape, and the nylon winding pipe or fluoroplastic tape are wrapped in the insulating layer
Outside, it acts as be physically isolated and protect core, insulating layer.
The core for being wound with insulating layer and isolation strip is integrated in inside cryogenic envelope, the cryogenic envelope be isolated
There are liquid nitrogen channels between band, and outer jointing jacket is arranged in the outside of the cryogenic envelope.The cryogenic envelope is located at isolation
The outside of band is liquid nitrogen channel between isolation strip and Dewar pipe it acts as low-temperature cooling media is accommodated.Cryogenic envelope is set
Meter first has to rely on the design of degaussing cable core, and keeps height to be connected with the design of core so that is ensuring core
On the basis of well being integrated with cryogenic envelope, the economy of cryogenic envelope is realized；Secondly, Dewar pipe design in one it is important
Link be its thermal losses size, need to optimize its structure, by effective method realize Dewar pipe thermal losses be in one
A relatively reasonable range, so as to reduce demand of the superconduction degaussing cable to cryogenic refrigeration amount；Again, for lightweight side
The considerations of face, important component of the cryogenic envelope as degaussing cable overall weight, it is necessary to its structure is optimized,
Mitigate weight；Finally, it in the structure design and manufacturing process of Dewar pipe, needs in cryogenic envelope material therefor and its type selecting
Etc. considered as a whole from the angle to accord with the demands of the market, be reduced as far as processing and the manufacturing cost of cryogenic envelope.
As shown in Figure 1, the cryogenic envelope is radially respectively equipped with inner corrugated pipe 1 and outward corrugated tube 2, institute from inside to outside
The both ends for stating inner corrugated pipe 1 and outward corrugated tube 2 are welded to connect one end of stainless steel straight tube 3, by the inner corrugated pipe 1, external wave
Line pipe 2 and stainless steel straight tube 3 constitute a flexible duct with intermediate course 5, the other end welding of the stainless steel straight tube 3
Edge of a knife flange simultaneously connects terminal.
In the cryogenic envelope, the length of the outward corrugated tube is more than the length of inner corrugated pipe, and the intermediate course is
Vacuum interlayer, and the both ends of the intermediate course are respectively equipped with vacuum pumping mouth, and heat-barrier material is equipped in the vacuum interlayer.
The Dewar pipe considers the heat transfer paths such as convection current, conduction and radiation, reduces heat to the greatest extent from room temperature to inner tube
Transmission, improve insulation effect.
The heat insulating construction of the Dewar pipe can select accumulation adiabatic, this is a kind of antivacuum thermal insulation, solid thermal conduction and
Gas conduction accounts for the 90% of such heat insulating construction heat flow with left and right.To reduce solid conductive heat, the accumulation for usually selecting density small
Material, such as expanded perlite (pearlife), aeroge, super glass wool, polystyrene and foamed plastics.To prevent heat insulating material
The condensation of gas causes heat-insulating property to deteriorate in material, accumulates the gas that filling condensation temperature in material is less than inner corrugated pipe surface temperature
Body, such as hydrogen or helium.The heat insulating construction has that manufacture craft is simple, the advantages such as at low cost, but has poor thermal insulation property, adiabatic thickness
Etc. critical defects, seldom used in high-temperature superconductive cable.
The heat insulating construction of the Dewar pipe can select high-vacuum insulation, this is a kind of simple vacuum insulation, to reach
The vacuum degree of good insulation effect, thermal insulating layer will be less than 1.3 × 10-3Pa.Radiant heat loss is the main heat waste of the structure
Source is consumed, to reduce radiant heat loss, the materials such as copper, aluminium of high vacuum wall surface generally use low-launch-rate simultaneously do bright and clean processing.
Simple vacuum insulation has many advantages, such as that simple in structure, compact, thermal capacity is small, easily manufactured, the disadvantage is that radiant heat loss reduces journey
Spend limited, for the hyperconductive cable of long-term engineer application, thermal losses is bigger than normal, it is more frequent to safeguard.
The heat insulating construction of the Dewar pipe, which can select vacuum porous insulation, this adiabatic method, to be filled in adiabatic space
Porosity heat-insulating material, then adiabatic space is evacuated to the low vacuum of 1-10Pa, common cellular insulant has aeroge, leech
Stone, pearlife and microballoon heat-insulating material etc..Vacuum degree required by vacuum porous insulation is low, and heat-insulating property is more adiabatic than accumulation excellent by 2
A order of magnitude, 1 order of magnitude more excellent than high-vacuum insulation, but have the shortcomings that interlayer spacing is big, complicated and heavy.
It is in adiabatic space packet that the heat insulating construction of the Dewar pipe, which can select high vacuum multiple layer heat insulation, this adiabatic method,
Multilayer metal foil (such as aluminium foil) is wrapped up in substantially to cut down a kind of high heat insulating construction of radiant heat loss, is that current insulation effect is best
A kind of heat insulating construction, also referred to as superinsulation, and adiabatic method most widely used at present.
Cooling medium liquid nitrogen recycles in cryogenic envelope, and cooling low temperature environment is provided for high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable,
The liquid nitrogen circulatory system should meet several technical requirements：Reliability：The liquid nitrogen circulatory system should have reliability, occur in operation
Likelihood of failure is reduced to minimum；Operation control：In liquid nitrogen cyclic process, liquid nitrogen temperature and flow are effectively controlled
System, meets the stable operation of high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable；Guarantee checks：Periodically liquid nitrogen circulatory system pipeline is checked,
Ensure safety, eliminates liquid nitrogen leakage accident caused by the factors such as pipeline aging；Economy：The liquid nitrogen circulatory system is wanted in satisfaction operation
On the basis of asking, cost-effectiveness requirement should be met.When the liquid nitrogen circulatory system is run, it is necessary to assure above operating principle, with true
Protect the stabilization safe operation of high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable.Fig. 2 illustrates the liquid nitrogen circulatory system.
Preferably, the core includes superconducting layer and quenches protective layer.The superconducting layer and protective layer is quenched along the core
Body is radially arranged；Or along core radial direction, superconducting layer is layered interphase distribution with protective layer is quenched；Or stacking superconductor is stated at place
In, it is equipped between adjacent superconducting tape and quenches protective layer.When current-carrying is run, once superconducting tape occurs quenching phenomenon, electricity
The through-current capability of cable significantly declines moment, or even can melt superconducting tape.The effect for quenching protective layer is exactly in superconductive tape
Material occurs sharing one part of current in the case of quenching, and protection core is injury-free, generally uses the higher red metal of through-current capability
Flexible cord.Quenching protective layer needs coiling layer protective layer, around control surface, to select quality pine as with superconducting layer joint
It is soft and at low temperature will not embrittlement material.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any made by repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of high current density circle stack high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable structure, which is characterized in that the high-temperature superconductor disappears
Magnetoelectricity cable is respectively radially core, insulating layer, isolation strip, liquid nitrogen channel, cryogenic envelope and outer jointing jacket from inside to outside；Its
In：
The core is by n-layer superconducting tape stacked in parallel at the stacking superconductor of circular in cross-section；
The insulating layer uses Kapton, polypropylene layer platen, cellulose paper or oil compression cable paper aromatic polyamide fibre
Paper；
The isolation strip is nylon winding pipe or fluoroplastic tape, and the nylon winding pipe or fluoroplastic tape are wrapped in the insulating layer
Outside；
The cryogenic envelope is radially respectively equipped with inner corrugated pipe and outward corrugated tube, the inner corrugated pipe and external wave from inside to outside
The both ends of line pipe are welded to connect one end of stainless steel straight tube, are made of the inner corrugated pipe, outward corrugated tube and stainless steel straight tube
One flexible duct with intermediate course, the other end welding edge of a knife flange of the stainless steel straight tube simultaneously connect terminal；
It is liquid nitrogen channel between the cryogenic envelope and isolation strip, the outside of the cryogenic envelope is equipped with outer jointing jacket.
2. high current density circle stack high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The core is not more than 0.3mm using thickness, and width is not more than 20mm, critical current not less than 100A by copper, copper alloy or
The superconducting tape of stainless steel cladding.
3. high current density circle stack high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
There are two types of around packet mode for the insulating layer tool：Every superconducting tape is all carried out to insulate wrapped, then ties up and be fixed as a branch of core
Body；Or all superconducting tapes are directly tied up using insulation twining package tape and are fixed as a branch of core.
4. high current density circle stack high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
In the cryogenic envelope, the length of the outward corrugated tube is more than the length of inner corrugated pipe, and the intermediate course is vacuum interlayer,
And the both ends of the intermediate course are respectively equipped with vacuum pumping mouth, and heat-barrier material is equipped in the vacuum interlayer.
5. high current density circle stack high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The core includes superconducting layer and quenches protective layer, and the superconducting layer is arranged or along core radial direction along institute with protective layer is quenched
State core radially layered interphase distribution；The superconducting layer uses superconducting tape, the protective layer that quenches to use red metal flexible cord.
6. high current density circle stack high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable structure according to claim 5, which is characterized in that
It is equipped between adjacent superconducting tape in the stacking superconductor and quenches protective layer.
7. high current density circle stack high-temperature superconductor degaussing cable structure according to claim 5, which is characterized in that
The protective layer that quenches is wound with one layer of coiling protective layer being in contact with the superconducting layer, and the coiling protective layer is selected
Quality it is soft and at low temperature will not embrittlement material.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111696713A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-09-22 | 高真真 | Waterproof cable is used in underground works construction |
| CN114242334A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-25 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Intermediate joint of three-phase coaxial superconducting alternating current cable |
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| US20040020683A1 (en) * | 2002-08-01 | 2004-02-05 | Perez Sanchez Alfonso | Superconducting power cable with enhanced superconducting core |
| CN102779581A (en) * | 2012-07-04 | 2012-11-14 | 华北电力大学 | Superconducting strand based on ReBCO high-temperature superconducting tape |
| CN102859613A (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2013-01-02 | 古河电气工业株式会社 | Superconducting cable |
| CN107710345A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2018-02-16 | Ls电线有限公司 | Superconducting Wire |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040020683A1 (en) * | 2002-08-01 | 2004-02-05 | Perez Sanchez Alfonso | Superconducting power cable with enhanced superconducting core |
| CN102859613A (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2013-01-02 | 古河电气工业株式会社 | Superconducting cable |
| CN102779581A (en) * | 2012-07-04 | 2012-11-14 | 华北电力大学 | Superconducting strand based on ReBCO high-temperature superconducting tape |
| CN107710345A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2018-02-16 | Ls电线有限公司 | Superconducting Wire |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111696713A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-09-22 | 高真真 | Waterproof cable is used in underground works construction |
| CN114242334A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-25 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Intermediate joint of three-phase coaxial superconducting alternating current cable |
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