CN108679639B - Jet type pulverized coal distribution online adjusting system - Google Patents

Jet type pulverized coal distribution online adjusting system Download PDF

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CN108679639B
CN108679639B CN201810224588.7A CN201810224588A CN108679639B CN 108679639 B CN108679639 B CN 108679639B CN 201810224588 A CN201810224588 A CN 201810224588A CN 108679639 B CN108679639 B CN 108679639B
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jet
pulverized coal
branch pipe
coal
concentration
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CN108679639A (en
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朱曙光
王硕
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/007—Regulating fuel supply using mechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K3/02—Pneumatic feeding arrangements, i.e. by air blast

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a jet type pulverized coal distribution online adjusting system. The system comprises a coal powder distributor, a coal powder separator and a coal powder separator, wherein the coal powder distributor is used for distributing coal powder at an outlet of the coal mill separator into branch pipes which are connected in parallel; the on-line measuring device of the coal dust concentration, carry on the real-time on-line measurement to the coal dust concentration in the branched pipe; the jet flow injection device consists of a jet flow spray pipe and an air source pump, and high-speed jet flow is sprayed into the pulverized coal distributor from the jet flow spray pipe according to the online measurement result of the concentration of the pulverized coal in the branch pipe, so that the pulverized coal distribution condition in the branch pipe is optimized, and the phenomenon of nonuniform pulverized coal distribution corresponding to a combustor on the same layer can be obviously improved.

Description

Jet type pulverized coal distribution online adjusting system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power station boiler combustion optimization adjustment, and particularly relates to a jet type pulverized coal distribution online adjusting system.
Background
The pulverized coal distributor is one of key devices of a power station boiler pulverizing system, and can provide relatively uniform pulverized coal flow for the burners corresponding to the coal mills on the same layer, so that the equal power and similar firing conditions of all the burners are ensured, slagging in a furnace, tube explosion on a heating surface and even fire extinguishment of a hearth are avoided, the phenomenon that flue gas flow deviation on two sides of a hearth outlet and oxygen-deficient combustion in a local area in the hearth cause larger deviation of a reducing atmosphere is improved, and the emission of harmful gases such as NOX is remarkably reduced.
The electric power industry standard "design and calculation technology of coal pulverizing system of thermal power plant" (DL/T5145-2012) also explicitly states that: in order to ensure the uniform air-powder distribution of the parallel powder conveying pipelines, a distributor of a certain type is required to be arranged in a high-capacity direct-blowing pulverizing system. For the condition that the number of the branch pipes connected in parallel at the outlet of the coal mill is 4 and 6, a diffusion type pulverized coal distributor is preferably selected according to the requirements in the standards; for the condition that the number of the branched pipes connected in parallel at the outlet of the coal mill is 2, 4 and 8, the grid type coal powder distributor is preferably selected according to the requirements in the above standards.
The inherent coal powder concentration distribution deviation of the diffusion type distributor is generally +/- (15-20%), which is mainly caused by the structure and the distribution principle of the distributor and the additional deviation caused by the resistance characteristic of a pipeline, and the total coal powder concentration distribution deviation is +/- (30-40%). The inherent coal powder concentration distribution deviation of the grid type distributor is generally plus or minus (10-15 percent), the total coal powder concentration distribution deviation is plus or minus (25-40 percent) plus the additional deviation caused by the resistance characteristic of the pipeline, the pressure drop of the distributor is 1.5kPa, and the coal powder particle size distribution deviation entering each branch pipe is larger.
Neither the diffusion-type nor the grid-type pulverized coal distributors meet the provisions of the 8.1 th item of the electric power industry standard DL/T5154-2002: for a medium-speed mill direct-blowing pulverizing system, pulverized coal and air among primary air pipes of a combustor on the same layer are uniformly distributed, the air quantity deviation is not more than +/-8%, and the pulverized coal deviation is not more than +/-10%.
In order to solve the problem that pulverized coal is uniformly distributed to a plurality of branches from a main flow, patent 201080055822.X (named as "pneumatic conveying type pulverized coal distributor adopting vortex jet flow") injects strong jet flow from the side surface of a pulverized coal distribution chamber in a direction forming a certain angle relative to the center of the pulverized coal distribution chamber, so that pulverized coal inside the distribution chamber is uniformly distributed by the aid of the vortex flow formed by a plurality of jet flows, and further, the pulverized coal in parallel branch pipes is uniformly distributed. According to the method, even when the concentration of pulverized coal particles in a specific cross-section portion of the pulverized coal distribution chamber is high, the distribution of pulverized coal in the pulverized coal distribution chamber can be made uniform by swirling flow, but the method requires a large pulverized coal distribution chamber and cannot provide a sufficient installation space at the outlet of a coal mill of a boiler.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a jet type pulverized coal distribution online adjusting system.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a jet-type coal powder distribution online adjusting system, wherein a jet flow spray pipe is arranged on the side surface of a coal powder distributor and at the position close to a pipe orifice of a branch pipe, and jet flow is sprayed into the coal powder distributor through the jet flow spray pipe, so that coal powder output by the branch pipe with high coal powder concentration is blown to an output area where the branch pipe with low coal powder concentration is located.
Further, each branch pipe is provided with at least one corresponding jet flow spray pipe, all the jet flow spray pipes are symmetrically arranged relative to the central axis of the powder dropping pipe in the coal powder distributor, and the central axis of each jet flow spray pipe is intersected with the central axis of the corresponding branch pipe.
Further, each branch pipe is provided with two corresponding jet flow spray pipes, and the central axes of the two corresponding jet flow spray pipes are perpendicular to each other.
Further, the central axis of the jet spray pipe is perpendicular to the central axis of the branch pipe corresponding to the jet spray pipe.
Further, the sectional area of the jet flow spray pipe is circular or square.
Further, the equivalent diameter of the jet nozzle cross section is 1/4 of the branch pipe diameter.
Furthermore, the coal powder concentration in the branch pipe is obtained by detecting the coal powder concentration on-line measuring device.
Furthermore, the online coal powder concentration measuring device is arranged on the branch pipe and used for detecting the coal powder concentration in the branch pipe.
Further, the online coal powder concentration measuring device is installed near the output port of the branch pipe and used for detecting the coal powder concentration near the output port of the branch pipe so as to judge the coal powder concentration of the branch pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:
(1) the jet-type coal powder distribution online adjusting system provided by the invention is a closed-loop control system, can realize online uniform distribution of coal powder from the outlet of a coal mill separator to parallel branch pipes, and controls the coal powder concentration distribution deviation among the parallel branch pipes to be less than +/-10%, thereby ensuring good ignition conditions of a boiler co-layer combustor and improving the safety, the economy and the environmental protection of the operation of a boiler combustion system;
(2) the method for adjusting the coal dust distribution among the branch pipes by jet flow injection is particularly effective to the condition that the coal dust distribution at the inlet of the coal dust distributor (namely the outlet of the separator of the coal mill) is uneven, and the pressure drop of the distributor is increased by no more than 200Pa under the preferable implementation measures;
(3) compared with the traditional pulverized coal distributor, the pulverized coal distribution adjusting system provided by the invention has the remarkable advantages of high pulverized coal distribution uniformity, small resistance, system maintenance and the like; meanwhile, the engineering implementation and application of the regulating system can be completed on the basis of the existing pulverized coal distributor in the power station boiler.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional isometric view of a coal powder distributor configuration employed in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view corresponding to FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a pulverized coal distributor and jet nozzle;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the corresponding jet nozzle of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an on-line measurement device for coal dust concentration;
fig. 6 is an imaginary coal powder distribution at the inlet of the distributor corresponding to the embodiment to confirm whether the jet-type coal powder concentration on-line adjusting system provided by the present invention can uniformly distribute the coal powder particles to each branch pipe.
Detailed Description
It is easily understood that according to the technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art can imagine various embodiments of the jet type pulverized coal distribution on-line regulating system of the present invention without changing the essential spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative of the technical aspects of the present invention, and should not be construed as all of the present invention or as limitations or limitations on the technical aspects of the present invention.
The jet type coal powder distribution online adjusting system comprises a coal powder distributor, a coal powder concentration online measuring device and a jet injection device. The pulverized coal distributor is a diverging pipe structure of a diffusion distributor or a similar structure, and disperses pulverized coal from the coal mill separator into branched pipes connected in parallel, wherein the number of the branched pipes is even. The on-line measuring device for coal powder concentration is characterized by that its core measuring element is an ultrasonic sensor, and it is mounted on the parallel-connected branch pipes, and the front and rear of mounting position are respectively equipped with 1 time and 3 times of straight pipe sections of branch pipe diameter.
The jet injection device consists of jet spray pipes and an air source pump which are uniformly arranged on the side surface of the pulverized coal distributor. The jet flow spray pipe is a hole which is arranged on the side surface of the coal powder distributor and is adjacent to the position of the branch pipe, and the air source pump sprays strong jet flow into the coal powder distributor through the jet flow spray pipe so as to apply drag force to coal powder particles and change the motion track of the coal powder particles, so that the coal powder can be uniformly dispersed into the branch pipes connected in parallel. The preferred jet spray device consists of N jet nozzles and an air source pump. Wherein N is twice of the number of the branch pipes connected in parallel, namely each branch pipe corresponds to two jet flow spray pipes. The jet nozzles are arranged on the same plane and are symmetrical about the central axis of the distributor body. The pressurized primary air exhaust is pumped into the jet pipe by the air source pump to form jet flow, and the number of the jet pipes with the jet flow speed of more than 0m/s is less than that of the branch pipes. When the jet-flow type pulverized coal burner works, the jet-flow speed in the jet pipe adjacent to the branch pipe with the highest pulverized coal concentration is highest, and the jet-flow speed in the jet pipe adjacent to the branch pipe with the lowest pulverized coal concentration is 0 m/s. The preferred jet nozzle equivalent diameter is 1/4 for the branch pipe diameter. The jet velocity in the adjacent jet spray pipe of the branch pipe with the lowest coal powder concentration is 0m/s, and the jet velocities in the adjacent jet spray pipes of the other branch pipes are in direct proportion to the coal powder concentration in the branch pipe. The preferred jet direction is perpendicular to the main flow direction at the distributor inlet, and the preferred maximum jet velocity is 70 m/s.
Examples
FIG. 1 shows a three-dimensional view of a coal powder distributor structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is composed of a distributor inlet 1 (i.e. outlet of a coal mill separator), a coal powder dropping pipe 2, a coal powder distribution chamber 3, and branch pipes 4-7, wherein the interior of the distributor is completely communicated. Fig. 2 is a front view corresponding to fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pulverized coal distributor and jet flow spray pipes, wherein the jet flow spray pipes 8-15 are added on the basis of FIG. 1, and the spray pipes 8-15 are symmetrically arranged around the central axis of a central powder dropping pipe 2 of the distributor. The axial centers of the spray pipes 8-15 pass through the centers of circles adjacent to the branch pipes 4-7 respectively, the cross sections of the spray pipes are square (round or other shapes can be made), and the equivalent diameter (namely the diameter of the minimum excircle of the cross section of the spray pipe) is 1/4 of the diameter of the branch pipe. Fig. 4 shows a plan layout of eight jet nozzles, the jet directions in the nozzles being indicated by arrows, respectively in the direction of the X-axis or Y-axis.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic view of an on-line measuring device for the concentration of pulverized coal installed in a branch pipe. When the pulverized coal airflow passes through the region to be measured, ultrasonic signals sent by the ultrasonic sensor 16 are received by the ultrasonic sensors 17 and 18 after passing through the pulverized coal airflow, and then the signals are input based on the principle of measuring the concentration of the pulverized coal by an ultrasonic attenuation methodPerforming calculation processing to obtain the real-time coal powder concentration mu in the branch pipes 4-7i(i 4-7), from which:
average value mu of coal dust concentration of four branch pipesave，μave＝(μ1+μ2+μ3+μ4)/4)，
Maximum coal powder concentration relative deviation delta mu between parallel branch pipesmaxThe calculation formula is:
Δμmax＝max(|μi-μave|/μave)，i＝4～7
according to μ4、μ5、μ6、μ7、μave、ΔμmaxJet velocity V in counter-jet pipes 9-16jAnd (j) 9-16), blowing the pulverized coal in the branch pipe with the highest pulverized coal concentration to the branch pipe with lower pulverized coal concentration, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the distribution deviation of the pulverized coal concentration between the branch pipes.
When Δ μmaxWhen the distribution ratio is less than or equal to 10 percent, the distribution condition of the coal dust in the branch pipe does not need to be adjusted according to the electric power industry standard (DL/T5154-2002), so Vj＝0(j＝9～16)；
When Δ μmaxWhen the concentration of the pulverized coal is more than 10%, the concentration of the pulverized coal in the adjacent branch pipes 4 and 5 is assumed to be the maximum value and the minimum value in the four branch pipes, namely mu4＝max(μi),μ5＝min(μi) (i-4-7), the preferred result of the jet velocity in the jet pipe 8 is as follows, and the jet velocities in the rest jet pipes are defaulted to 0 m/s:
when Δ μmaxLess than or equal to 15%, then V830 m/s; when 15% < Δ μmaxLess than or equal to 30%, then V8＝70m/s；
When Δ μmaxWhen greater than 30%, V8＝90m/s。
As another example, when Δ μmaxAt > 10%, the coal dust concentrations in the four branch pipes are assumed to be the maximum and minimum values, i.e., μ, in the four branch pipes, respectively, with respect to the branch pipes 4 and 64＝max(μi),μ6＝min(μi) (i-4-7), the jet velocities in the nozzles 8, 9, 10 and 15 preferably result as follows, whichThe rest jet velocity of the jet pipe is default to 0 m/s:
when Δ μmaxLess than or equal to 15%, then V8＝30m/s,V9＝30m/s,V10＝30m/s,V15＝30m/s；
When 15% < Δ μmaxLess than or equal to 30%, then V8＝70m/s,V9＝70m/s,V10＝70m/s,V15＝70m/s；
When Δ μmaxWhen greater than 30%, V8＝90m/s,V9＝90m/s,V10＝90m/s,V15＝90m/s。
IN order to confirm whether pulverized coal particles can uniformly enter the branch pipes 4-7 by applying the jet-type pulverized coal concentration distribution online adjusting system, pulverized coal IN the inlet 1 of the pulverized coal distributor is assumed to be distributed IN five regions of IN 1-IN 5 shown IN fig. 6, the pulverized coal concentration IN each region is respectively shown IN three working conditions IN table 1, wherein the IN 1-IN 4 regions are four circles with equal areas and are symmetrical about the center of the inlet of the distributor, and the circle centers of the circles correspond to the branch pipes 4-7 respectively.
The results of the calculation and analysis are shown in table 2, and table 2 shows the coal dust concentration in the parallel branch pipes 4-7 under 3 working conditions without jet and with jet.
For the working condition 1, the pulverized coal concentration in the branch pipe 4 is highest when no jet is injected, and the pulverized coal concentration in the adjacent branch pipes 2 and 3 is lowest, so that the jet is injected from the spray pipe 8 (or the spray pipe 9) adjacent to the branch pipe 4, due to the fact that the Δ μmax28% > 15%, thus V870m/s or (V)970m/s), jet velocity in other jet pipes is 0m/s, and the concentration of coal dust in the branch pipe 4 is greatly reduced through jet action, wherein the concentration is delta mumaxFrom 28.0% to 9.7%.
For the working condition 2, the pulverized coal concentration in the branch pipes 4 and 5 is highest and the pulverized coal concentration in the corresponding branch pipes 6 and 7 is lowest when no jet is injected, so that the jet is injected from the spray pipe 9 adjacent to the branch pipe 4 and the spray pipe 10 adjacent to the branch pipe 5, and due to the fact that delta mu is formedmax18.8% > 15%, thus V9＝70m/s,V10Jet velocity in the rest jet pipes is 0m/s, and the jet velocity is 70m/s,the concentration of coal dust in the branch pipes 4 and 5 is greatly reduced by Δ μmaxFrom 18.8% to 5.1%.
For the working condition 3, the pulverized coal concentration in the branch pipes 4 and 6 is highest and the pulverized coal concentration in the adjacent branch pipes 5 and 7 is lowest when no jet is injected, so that the jet is injected from the nozzle 8 adjacent to the branch pipe 4 and the nozzle 12 adjacent to the branch pipe 6, due to the fact that the Δ μmax18.8% > 15%, so V8＝70m/s,V12The jet velocity in the rest of the jet pipes is 0m/s, the concentration of the coal dust in the branch pipes 4 and 5 is greatly reduced through the jet action, and the concentration is delta mumaxFrom 18.8% to 5.1%.
According to the calculation results of the three preferable implementation conditions, compared with the system which is not adopted, the jet flow type coal powder concentration distribution online adjusting system is adopted, the coal powder distribution uniformity is greatly improved, and the coal powder distribution deviation among the parallel branch pipes is controlled within 10%.
The invention can effectively improve the level of the coal powder distribution uniformity of the parallel powder conveying pipelines at the outlet of the coal mill of the boiler, thereby improving the safety, the economy and the environmental protection of the operation of the combustion system of the boiler.
The above description is only one preferred embodiment of the present invention, but modifications, additions and substitutions for embodiments that can be easily made by those skilled in the relevant art are all within the scope of the present invention.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001600952890000061
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0001600952890000062

Claims (8)

1. The jet type coal powder distribution online adjusting system is characterized by comprising a jet injection device, wherein the jet injection device consists of jet spray pipes and an air source pump which are uniformly arranged on the side surface of a coal powder distributor; jet flow spray pipes are arranged on the side surfaces of the coal powder distributor and close to pipe openings of the branch pipes, and each branch pipe corresponds to two jet flow spray pipes; the jet flow spray pipes are arranged on the same plane and are symmetrical about the central axis of the distributor body;
jetting is sprayed into the pulverized coal distributor through the jet flow spray pipe, so that pulverized coal output by the branch pipe with high pulverized coal concentration is blown to an output area where the branch pipe with low pulverized coal concentration is located;
the number of jet nozzles with jet speed more than 0m/s is less than that of branch pipes; when the jet-flow jet pipe works, the jet-flow speed in the jet-flow jet pipe adjacent to the branch pipe with the highest coal powder concentration is highest, and the jet-flow speed in the jet-flow jet pipe adjacent to the branch pipe with the lowest coal powder concentration is 0 m/s.
2. The jet-type pulverized coal distribution online adjustment system as claimed in claim 1, wherein each branch pipe has two corresponding jet nozzles, and central axes of the two corresponding jet nozzles are perpendicular to each other.
3. The jet-type pulverized coal distribution online adjustment system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the central axis of the jet-type pulverized coal distribution pipe is perpendicular to the central axis of the corresponding branch pipe.
4. The jet-type pulverized coal distribution online adjustment system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional area of the jet nozzle is circular or square.
5. The jet-type pulverized coal distribution online regulation system of claim 1, wherein the equivalent diameter of the jet nozzle cross section is 1/4 of the branch pipe diameter.
6. The jet-type pulverized coal distribution online adjusting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pulverized coal concentration in the branch pipe is obtained by detecting with an online pulverized coal concentration measuring device.
7. The jet-type pulverized coal distribution online adjustment system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the pulverized coal concentration online measurement device is installed on the branch pipe and is used for detecting the pulverized coal concentration in the branch pipe.
8. The jet-type pulverized coal distribution online adjusting system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the pulverized coal concentration online measuring device is installed near the output port of the branch pipe and is used for detecting the pulverized coal concentration near the output port of the branch pipe so as to judge the pulverized coal concentration of the branch pipe.
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CN113109227A (en) * 2021-05-28 2021-07-13 西安热工研究院有限公司 Device and method for monitoring coal powder concentration deviation by using laser transmission method
CN116221767B (en) * 2023-03-13 2023-11-03 华能巢湖发电有限责任公司 Pulverized coal distribution rate determining method and system

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CN2038600U (en) * 1988-04-28 1989-05-31 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 Distributor for jetling coal dust into blast
CN2503368Y (en) * 2001-09-06 2002-07-31 太原钢铁(集团)有限公司 Pulverized coal distributer
CN102652243A (en) * 2009-12-10 2012-08-29 Sk新技术株式会社 Pneumatic transport-type pulverized coal distributor employing swirling jet stream
CN103822223A (en) * 2014-03-13 2014-05-28 青岛立宇科技开发有限公司 Control system and method thereof for realizing uniform pulverized coal distribution for direct firing pulverizing system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2038600U (en) * 1988-04-28 1989-05-31 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 Distributor for jetling coal dust into blast
CN2503368Y (en) * 2001-09-06 2002-07-31 太原钢铁(集团)有限公司 Pulverized coal distributer
CN102652243A (en) * 2009-12-10 2012-08-29 Sk新技术株式会社 Pneumatic transport-type pulverized coal distributor employing swirling jet stream
CN103822223A (en) * 2014-03-13 2014-05-28 青岛立宇科技开发有限公司 Control system and method thereof for realizing uniform pulverized coal distribution for direct firing pulverizing system

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