CN108676885A - 早期肾癌诊断标记物 - Google Patents

早期肾癌诊断标记物 Download PDF

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CN108676885A
CN108676885A CN201810670579.0A CN201810670579A CN108676885A CN 108676885 A CN108676885 A CN 108676885A CN 201810670579 A CN201810670579 A CN 201810670579A CN 108676885 A CN108676885 A CN 108676885A
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郭安源
吕尧
张琼
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Ezhou Institute of Industrial Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种在肾癌,尤其是肾嫌色细胞癌或肾脏透明细胞癌的特异性高表达的早期诊断标记物。所述标记物能解决当前癌症诊断标记物特异性不高的问题,检测便捷,其具有高特异性和低漏诊率的优点。

Description

早期肾癌诊断标记物
技术领域
本发明涉及在肾癌特异性高表达的早期诊断标记物,具有高特异性和低漏诊率的优点,属于疾病诊断及预测的标记物领域。
背景技术
肾细胞癌是最困难的癌症检测和治疗类型之一,在发现的时候通常已经转移。因此良好的肾癌早期检测标记物格外重要。目前肾癌的常用检测标记物有血清和尿液中的癌胚抗原CEA,尿中聚胺物,血清内γ-烯醇化酶等,但是这些标记物在很多其余癌症或正常组织也有表达,但缺乏对肾癌的特异性,效果不好。例如CEA在结肠癌、宫颈癌等多种癌症中可作为筛查的标记物,即使检测到其水平过高也不能确诊为肾癌,还需要配合其他检查。
目前肾癌的诊断多是通过临床症状结合影像学手段,已报道适于临床参考的标记物如血管内皮生长因子VEGF、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白IMP3、碳酸酐酶CAIX、Ki-67、B7家族基因、黏蛋白MUC1以及抑癌基因VHL、p53等都对肾癌特异性不强。肾癌诊断暂无特异性好的标记物,三种肾癌肾小细胞癌、肾透明细胞癌、肾嫌色细胞癌目前暂无好的标记物来区分。
因此,目前仍缺乏通过有效而简易的基因分子标记对肾癌进行诊断,有必要寻求有效、易测、灵敏度高、特异性好的新标记物。
发明内容
本发明采用多种生物信息学方法分析高通量测序数据库筛选高特异性和灵敏度的早期诊断标记分子。根据关键分子的基因表达量的水平,可对肾癌进行早期诊断。筛选基因属于膜表面蛋白,可利用现有RT-PCR或流式细胞仪易于快速检测,检测便捷,高灵敏度和特异性,对早期癌症敏感,能解决当前癌症诊断标记物特异性不高的问题。
据此,本发明一方面提供了一种早期诊断肾嫌色细胞癌的试剂盒,其包含检测标记物的试剂,所述标记物包括COLCA2(C11orf93),C12orf75(AGD3),C15orf59(INSYN1),C22orf25(TANGO2),CCDC151,CKMT2,CLNK,CPT1B,CR1L,DMRT2,DUSP15,FGF9,KIT,KLHL3,KLK1,PACRG,PLA2G4F,TBC1D14和/或TBC1D1的至少一种。所述检测标记物的试剂包括但不限于是检测所述标记物的特异性抗体、探针和/或引物。
本发明另一方面提供了一种检测标记物的试剂在制备早期诊断肾嫌色细胞癌试剂盒的用途,所述标记物包括COLCA2(C11orf93),C12orf75(AGD3),C15orf59(INSYN1),C22orf25(TANGO2),CCDC151,CKMT2,CLNK,CPT1B,CR1L,DMRT2,DUSP15,FGF9,KIT,KLHL3,KLK1,PACRG,PLA2G4F,TBC1D14和/或TBC1D1的至少一种。所述检测标记物的试剂包括但不限于是检测所述标记物的特异性抗体、探针和/或引物。
本发明另一方面还提供了一种早期诊断肾嫌色细胞癌的试剂盒的制备方法,其包含检测所述标记物的试剂。所述检测标记物的试剂包括但不限于是检测所述标记物的特异性抗体、探针和/或引物。
本发明一方面提供了一种早期诊断肾脏透明细胞癌的试剂盒,其包含检测标记物的试剂,所述标记物包括ANGPTL4,CA9,CDH6,EGLN3,ENPP3,ESM1,FLT1,GAL3ST1,LINC00887(LOC100131551),NDUFA4L2和/或SEMA5B的至少一种。所述检测标记物的试剂包括但不限于是检测所述标记物的特异性抗体、探针和/或引物。
本发明另一方面提供了一种检测标记物的试剂在制备早期诊断肾脏透明细胞癌的试剂盒的用途,所述标记物包括ANGPTL4,CA9,CDH6,EGLN3,ENPP3,ESM1,FLT1,GAL3ST1,LINC00887(LOC100131551),NDUFA4L2和/或SEMA5B的至少一种。所述检测标记物的试剂包括但不限于是检测所述标记物的特异性抗体、探针和/或引物。
本发明另一方面还提供了一种早期诊断肾脏透明细胞癌的试剂盒的制备方法,其包含检测标记物的试剂。所述检测标记物的试剂包括但不限于是检测所述标记物的特异性抗体、探针和/或引物。
附图说明
图1为CPT1B在各癌症t1-t4阶段及癌症组织中的表达量。
图2为DMRT2在各癌症t1-t4阶段及癌症组织中的表达量。
图3为KIT在各癌症t1-t4阶段及癌症组织中的表达量。
图4为CA9在各癌症t1-t4阶段及癌症组织中的表达量。
图5为CDH6在各癌症t1-t4阶段及癌症组织中的表达量。
图6为ENPP3在各癌症t1-t4阶段及癌症组织中的表达量。
图7为FLT1在各癌症t1-t4阶段及癌症组织中的表达量。
图8为GAL3ST1在各癌症t1-t4阶段及癌症组织中的表达量。
图9为NDUFA4L2在各癌症t1-t4阶段及癌症组织中的表达量。
图10为SEMA5B在各癌症t1-t4阶段及癌症组织中的表达量。
具体实施方式
下文将结合具体实施方式和实施例,具体阐述本发明,本发明的优点和各种效果将由此更加清楚地呈现。本领域技术人员应理解,这些具体实施方式和实施例是用于说明本发明,而非限制本发明。
在整个说明书中,除非另有特别说明,本文使用的术语应理解为如本领域中通常所使用的含义。因此,除非另有定义,本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属领域技术人员的一般理解相同的含义。若存在矛盾,本说明书优先。
实施例1癌症组织特异性高表达基因的筛选
首先下载TCGA数据库的所有癌症表达量数据和临床信息文件(共34种)。将每种癌症的样本根据临床文件细分成t1-t4阶段,用replicate算法(R包SEGtool中的算法,对一组数据取一个能代表多数样本的值,类似众数但计算方法更复杂)计算各癌症在t1-t4四个不同阶段的表达量。再加上TCGA数据库中25种癌旁组织的表达量数据生成表达量矩阵。用R包SEGtool筛选在各癌症的不同阶段和在各癌旁组织中特异性高表达的基因。
正常组织的表达量数据从GTEx数据库下载,将GTEx数据库的21种正常组织的表达量数据整合成二维矩阵,用SEGtool筛选在正常组织中特异性高表达的基因。
将各癌症t1期特异性高表达的基因集减去在对应癌旁组织特异性高表达的基因以及在对应GTEx正常组织中特异高表达的基因,得到在癌症组织特异性表达的基因。
实施例2肾癌早期诊断标记物的筛选
在各癌症仅在t1期特异性高表达基因的基础上,进一步限制了差异倍数和高表达比例。差异倍数是指该基因在t1期癌症样本和正常样本的表达量的差异倍数,我们限定为大于3倍;高表达比例是指在该癌症所有t1期的样本中,该基因高表达的样本数占该癌症所有t1期样本数的比例,我们限定为0.6。为了便于检测,我们还进一步筛选出了膜蛋白。
通过以上条件,我们从筛选出了一批肾癌早期诊断标记物,详见表1。
表1肾癌早期诊断标记物
实施例3诊断步骤和结果
本发明的由于筛选的标记物可以通过血清检测,也可以采用组织取样检测的方式。
下表2中列出了各癌症t1期样本的癌症-癌旁差异倍数以及高表达癌症样本比例:
在筛选出的各癌症t1期特异性高表达基因中,进一步筛选误诊率低、漏诊率低的标记物。表中差异倍数是指t1癌旁组织与癌旁组织表达量的比值,比值越大,说明该基因在早期癌症组织与癌旁组织差异越大,检测灵敏度越高,误诊率越低。早期癌症标记物的一致性是指该基因在对应癌症t1期高表达样本的数目与所有t1样本数的比值,比值越高,该早期癌症标记物的一致性越好,漏诊率越低。
差异倍数:t1癌症样本表达量replicate值/癌旁样本表达量replicate值。(Replicate值是R包SEGtool中的算法,区别于均值、中位数和众数,replicate值描述了能代表大多数样本表达量的值)。差异倍数越大,误诊率越低。
高表达样本比例:t1期癌症样本总数为N,对某个基因,t1期癌症样本replicate值为RT1,t1期癌症样本中表达量高于0.8replicate的样本数为N2,则该基因在对应癌症t1期的高表达样本比例为N2/N。高表达样本比例越高,标记物灵敏度越高,漏诊率越低。
表2.各癌症t1期样本的癌症-癌旁差异倍数以及高表达癌症样本比例
这批标记物的癌症-癌旁表达量差异倍数都>3,高表达样本比例都>0.6.且仅在对应癌症组织中高表达,在其余癌症组织和正常组织几乎不表达。本发明的标记物能够用于诊断肾癌,尤其是肾嫌色细胞癌或肾脏透明细胞癌,解决当前癌症诊断标记物特异性不高的问题。该标记物检测便捷,其具有高特异性和低漏诊率的优点。
尽管已描述了本发明的优选实施例,但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念,则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以,所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本发明范围的所有变更和修改。显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样,倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (7)

1.一种早期诊断肾嫌色细胞癌的试剂盒,其特征在于包含检测标记物的试剂,所述标记物包括COLCA2(C11orf93),C12orf75(AGD3),C15orf59(INSYN1),C22orf25(TANGO2),CCDC151,CKMT2,CLNK,CPT1B,CR1L,DMRT2,DUSP15,FGF9,KIT,KLHL3,KLK1,PACRG,PLA2G4F,TBC1D14和/或TBC1D1的至少一种。
2.一种检测标记物的试剂在制备早期诊断肾嫌色细胞癌试剂盒的用途,所述标记物包括COLCA2(C11orf93),C12orf75(AGD3),C15orf59(INSYN1),C22orf25(TANGO2),CCDC151,CKMT2,CLNK,CPT1B,CR1L,DMRT2,DUSP15,FGF9,KIT,KLHL3,KLK1,PACRG,PLA2G4F,TBC1D14和/或TBC1D1的至少一种。
3.如权利要求1所述试剂盒的制备方法,其特征在于包含检测所述标记物的试剂。
4.一种早期诊断肾脏透明细胞癌的试剂盒,其特征在于包含检测标记物的试剂,所述标记物包括ANGPTL4,CA9,CDH6,EGLN3,ENPP3,ESM1,FLT1,GAL3ST1,LINC00887(LOC100131551),NDUFA4L2和/或SEMA5B的至少一种。
5.一种检测标记物的试剂在制备早期诊断肾脏透明细胞癌的试剂盒的用途,所述标记物包括ANGPTL4,CA9,CDH6,EGLN3,ENPP3,ESM1,FLT1,GAL3ST1,LINC00887(LOC100131551),NDUFA4L2和/或SEMA5B的至少一种。
6.如权利要求4所述试剂盒的制备方法,其特征在于包含检测标记物的试剂。
7.如权利要求1-6所述的试剂盒、用途或制备方法,所述检测标记物的试剂为检测所述标记物的特异性抗体、探针和/或引物。
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