CN108670255A - The ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument of one kind and its monitoring method - Google Patents
The ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument of one kind and its monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108670255A CN108670255A CN201810184549.9A CN201810184549A CN108670255A CN 108670255 A CN108670255 A CN 108670255A CN 201810184549 A CN201810184549 A CN 201810184549A CN 108670255 A CN108670255 A CN 108670255A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/0816—Measuring devices for examining respiratory frequency
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/082—Evaluation by breath analysis, e.g. determination of the chemical composition of exhaled breath
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument and its monitoring method, which includes a wearable device, and the wearable device is equipped with breath detector and sensing circuit；The breath detector is by the elastomer of elastic conduction colloid and flexible macromolecule polymer with chain structure, and the sensing circuit is for providing power supply and output signal.The present invention detects breathing by monitoring the humidity variation that breathing generates, and the frequency, intensity, expiration that can be used for monitoring breathing can be used for monitoring various respiratory class disease to related sign datas such as the time of air-breathing ratios to judge whether breathing is abnormal.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sensor fields, more particularly to a kind of ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument and its monitoring side
Method.
Background technology
Breathing is an important vital sign, contributes to the holistic health for understanding a people and sleep quality.It exhales
Suction rate and breathing pattern are also considered as reflecting the index of personal basic health status.As one kind of physiological parameter, breathing frequency
Rate is the sensitive indicator of acute respiration dysfunction, whether doctor or nursing staff all using it as one of vital signs.
Therefore for respiratory frequen with regard to particularly important, respiratory frequen can reflect breath state, recording respiration list in real time
Position the time in respiration rate and can show current respiratory rate, this can help doctor and researcher to grasp in real time
The case where patient, and effective treatment is made in time to save the life of patient.Therefore, in daily life to the breathing of people
The relevant parameters such as frequency, which are detected, to be become more and more important.
The current mode for being commonly used in monitoring breathing has following several：
1. piezoelectric type respiration transducer
It is passed made of piezoelectric effect caused by piezoelectric type respiration transducer breathes muscular movement or chest cavity movement measurement
Sensor.When breathing, muscular movement or chest cavity movement lead to piezoelectric material stress, generate charge after material surface stress, pass through
The variation of sensitive surface charge, and its signal is output to measuring circuit, according to surface charge variable quantity, by simulation to breathing
It is monitored.Since breathing muscle or chest cavity movement even may still occur when patient is by apnea, these are surveyed indirectly
It measures and unreliable.Meanwhile such device such as is easily turned over, is lain on one's side when measuring at motion artifacts and other body activities disturbance.
2. heat-sensitive type respiration transducer
Thermistor be a kind of resistance value vary with temperature and the electronic device that changes.By constant current source power supply, according to U=
IR, the change frequency of resistance and the change frequency of voltage swing are identical within a certain period of time, and the variation of resistance R resistance values is
Caused by variation by ambient temperature, and the extraneous small-scale temperature change of resistance is empty by human body institute's exhaled gas and the external world
Caused by the temperature difference of gas, therefore only need the change frequency of recording voltage that respiration rate just can be obtained.Signal is filtered
Wave amplifies to obtain desired voltage waveform, then is converted analog signals into as digital signal by AD conversion, realizes to breathing
Monitoring.In most of device, thermistor is in suspended state, and is directly contacted with the disturbance air for flowing through thermistor,
Therefore it is easily influenced by extraneous factor.Thermistor may directly contact the skin of patient, when the body of patient is led because of disease
When temperature being caused to increase, this device can be reduced by signal disturbance or signal sensitivity.
3. air-flowing type respiration transducer
Air-flowing type respiration transducer is mainly measured by the flow to gas, judges that user breathes frequency with this
Rate.The air that device based on the flowing of induction breathing gas or pressure flows through mechanical movement and vibration and surrounding is especially quick
Sense can lead to disturbance and illusion.Some of which device is especially sensitive to skin contact, therefore reduces sensitivity or even can
It destroys and measures.
4. blood oxygen saturation (SpO2)
By monitoring blood oxygen saturation, judge whether user's respiratory function is normal.Respiratory function is monitored by BOLD contrast
Response speed is slow, and a period of time after often breathing stops, blood oxygen saturation just starts to be gradually reduced.
5. respiration transducer
United States Patent (USP)《DETECTION GASES AND RESPIRATION BY THE CONDUCTIVITY OF WATER
WITHIN A POROUS SUBSTRATE SENSOR》(the patent No.：2017/0356899 A1 of US) in respiration transducer it is logical
Conductivity variations of the orifice layer material in different humidity are crossed, breathing is monitored.The patent can only pass through the big of response
Small to judge whether breathing stops, breath size, breathing are uneven, not to exhaling and the time ratio of air-breathing is monitored, this is porous wet
Spending inductive material, for response current greatly for na level, electric current is too small, is not easy to monitor, while easily by outside other under low humidity conditions
Boundary's factor interference.
For being in close contact the device of patient airway, it is one of clinical requirement that can be discarded after use, but there are many prior art
The apparatus structure for monitoring breathing is complicated, expensive, is to reuse, and its clean facilities and incomplete are not sufficiently high
It is pure, in addition patient to bacterium and virus it is immune it is horizontal reduce, therefore the contaminated device reused is easy to
Cause cross contamination between different patients.
Invention content
The present invention provides the ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument of one kind and its prison to solve the deficiencies in the prior art
Survey method, preparation method is simple, of low cost, and monitoring is accurate.
A kind of ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument, including a wearable device are set on the wearable device
There are breath detector and sensing circuit；The breath detector is by elastic conduction colloid and flexibility height with chain structure
Elastomer made from Molecularly Imprinted Polymer, the sensing circuit is for providing power supply and output signal.
In the present invention, after elastic conduction colloid absorbing moisture, conductivity can be with the change of water content in elastic conduction colloid
Change and change, is i.e. the associated electrical parameter of elastomer changes, and may be implemented pair according to the response electrical parameter of variation
The detection of breathing.
The elastic conduction colloid is preferably 104558699 A of CN, a kind of entitled " bullet according to notification number
Property conductive rubber, preparation method and applications " Chinese patent application prepare elastic conduction colloid.
Preferably, the flexible macromolecule polymer is dimethyl silicone polymer or polyolefin elastomer or second
Alkene-vinyl acetate copolymer or ethylene propylene diene rubber.
Preferably, the volume ratio between the elastic conduction colloid and flexible macromolecule polymer is 1:3~4:1,
The optimal volume ratio of effect is 3:1.
Preferably, also containing organic and/or inorganic materials in the breath detector, the inorganic material is lithium nitrate, chlorination
It is one or more in calcium, magnesium chloride, copper nitrate, zinc nitrate, magnesium sulfate, graphene.
Preferably, the breath detector is that all material is cured to gained after mixing, solidification temperature therein
Degree is 50~120 DEG C, and hardening time is 1~12h.
Preferably, the breath detector has porous structure, or changing surface of elastomer pattern makes breathing detect
The surface area of device increases.
Preferably, doped with potassium bichromate in the breath detector.The present invention can be by breath detector
Middle incorporation related reagent, related reagent are reacted with special component, decrease or increase breath detector intermediate ion concentration, change conductance
Rate then changes relevant response electrical parameter, therefore can be used for monitoring certain special composition in exhaled gas.Since ethyl alcohol can be with
Potassium bichromate reaction in breath detector, 3CH3CH2OH+2Cr2O7 2-+16H+=3CH3COOH+4Cr3++11H2O leads to ion
Concentration changes, and can be used in exhaled gas whether containing ethyl alcohol.Because the potassium bichromate concentration of doping is relatively low, and without volatilization
Property, while not with direct body contact, therefore safety is higher.
The present invention to elastomer by carrying out structure change or other substances are added, and improves breath detector and changes to humidity
Responding ability.The surface topography or entirety for changing elastomer make porous structure, can increase its surface area, improve to humidity
Responding ability；Its conductive capability can be increased by mixing a small amount of graphene；Addition increases other inorganic material, such as lithium nitrate or chlorination
Calcium or magnesium chloride or copper nitrate or zinc nitrate or magnesium sulfate etc. can enhance its ability that water is absorbed from environment.
Preferably, the sensing circuit includes power supply and signal output apparatus, the signal output apparatus passes through
Wired or wireless way carries out signal output.The power supply provides voltage needed for breath detector；The signal output apparatus can
The sign data that breath detector obtains is exported by wired or wireless way.
Preferably, the wireless mode is bluetooth or wifi signals or infrared.
Preferably, the wearable device can be mask, wrist-watch, bracelet etc., breath detector is mounted on can
On object wearing device, instant detection humidity can be facilitated to change.
Preferably, the ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument and alarming device are connected with each other.Work as adnormal respiration
When, alarming device can send out alarm and reminding.
Preferably, the ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument can be independently operated, and can also be used as breathing detection
Source is connected with each other with existing life sign monitor system, to realize multi-faceted monitoring.
Preferably, the ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument monitors with alarming device, vital sign simultaneously and is
System is connected with each other.
The monitoring method of the ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument, includes the following steps：It will be described ultraportable
Wearable monitoring of respiration instrument is placed in environment to be measured, and breath detector absorbs or release moisture causes conductivity to change,
Send out output signal by sensing circuit, monitored in real time according to output signal the number of breathing, frequency, pause, intensity, exhale with
The time ratio of air-breathing.
The output signal includes response current, response voltage, resistance, resistivity, one or more straight in impedance
Parameter or a variety of direct parameters are connect by handling the derivative parameter obtained.
The present invention can be by the frequency and/or intensity of breathing, and/or exhales related to breathings such as the time of air-breathing ratios
Sign data judges whether breathing is abnormal (breathing stops, breath size, tachypnea, and breathing is too slow, and breathing is uneven etc.), after
And it is used to diagnose obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, and asthma, respiratory failure, the related disease of the breathing such as respiratory distress syndrome
Disease.
The invention has the advantages that：
1. the present invention detects breathing by monitoring the humidity variation that breathing generates, it can be used for monitoring the frequency of breathing
Rate, intensity, expiration can be used for monitoring more to related sign datas such as the time of air-breathing ratios to judge whether breathing is abnormal
Kind breathing class disease；
2. preparation method of the present invention is simple, at low cost, carrying portable；Breath detector therein is light and has flexibility,
Therefore it can be made into light, wearable monitoring of respiration instrument；
3. the present invention is directly monitored breathing, rather than monitors the related vital sign (muscle occurred with breathing
Or chest cavity movement), therefore monitoring result is more reliable；
4. response current size of the present invention has hypersensitivity in microampere to milliampere grade, to humidity；And to temperature and other
External factor susceptibility is relatively low or does not have sensibility, disturbing factor few；
5. the present invention can be used with integration, collaborations such as existing life sign monitor system, alarming devices, multi-faceted prison is realized
Test tube is managed；
6. still there is hypersensitivity after present invention miniaturization, minimized convenient for relevant apparatus.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the operating diagram of ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument.
Fig. 3 is the comparative result figure of ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument and BOLD contrast monitoring respiratory function.
Fig. 4 be ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument monitor sitting when eupnea related sign data.
Fig. 5 be ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument monitor sleep when eupnea related sign data.
Fig. 6 is the related sign number sat quietly to breathed when movement that ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument monitors
According to.
Fig. 7 is in the exhaled gas that ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument monitors without/the dependent body containing ethyl alcohol
Levy data.
Wherein, each numerology is as follows：1, ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument；2, breath detector；3, wearable
Device.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is specifically described below by specific embodiment, but should not be understood as to the scope of the present invention
Limitation.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument, including a wearable device 3, described wears
It wears and breath detector 2 and sensing circuit is installed on device 3.
The breath detector 2 is used to detect the variations such as humidity, the breathing time in respiratory, is mainly by having
The elastic conduction colloid and flexible macromolecule mixed with polymers of chain structure are uniform and cure elastomer obtained.
The sensing circuit is for providing power supply and output signal, including power supply and signal output apparatus.The power supply
Voltage needed for breath detector is provided；The signal output apparatus can pass through the sign data that breath detector obtains wired
Or wireless mode (such as bluetooth or wifi signals or infrared) is exported.
Wearable device 3 can be mask, wrist-watch, bracelet etc., and breath detector is mounted on wearable device, can be with
Instant detection humidity is facilitated to change.Wearable device in the present embodiment is mask, naturally it is also possible to which being other can will breathe
Detector is fixed on the device of oral-nasal perimeter.
Ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument described in the present embodiment can be connected with each other with alarming device.It is different when breathing
Chang Shi, alarming device can send out alarm and reminding.
Ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument described in the present embodiment can also be connected with life sign monitor system,
By being integrated with existing life sign monitor system, can more comprehensive and systematic monitoring breathing related data, such as breathe
Frequency, intensity, expiration and air-breathing time ratio, to judge whether breathing abnormal, (breathing stops, and breath size breathed
Speed, breathing is too slow, and breathing is uneven etc.), it can be used for diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, asthma, respiratory failure is exhaled
Inhale Distress Syndrome etc..
Embodiment 2
Using ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument made from embodiment 1, supervised in real time by relevant response electrical parameter
Survey breath state.Relevant response electrical parameter therein can be in response to electric current, respond voltage, resistance, resistivity, in impedance
One or more direct parameters, or the derivative parameter obtained is handled by direct parameter, response electrical parameter is adopted in the present embodiment
Use response current.
The monitoring method of the ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument, includes the following steps：It will be described ultraportable
Wearable monitoring of respiration instrument is placed in environment to be measured, and breath detector absorbs or release moisture causes conductivity to change,
Send out output signal by sensing circuit, monitored in real time according to output signal the number of breathing, frequency, pause, intensity, exhale with
The time ratio of air-breathing.
The principle of above-mentioned monitoring method is as follows：It can be produced when breath detector both ends apply certain voltage because conductivity is certain
Raw constant current.Contain certain moisture, when elastic conduction colloid senses moisture, conductivity in the air-flow breathed out when breathing
It can change therewith, elastic conduction colloid relevant response electrical parameter can also change therewith, therefore can get breathing phase
Close sign data.As shown in Figure 1, human body respiration causes ambient humidity at mouth and nose to change, ambient humidity, which changes, at mouth and nose leads to bullet
Property body relevant response electrical parameter generate variation, ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument 1 passed signal by sensing circuit
It transports to corresponding signal processing apparatus (mobile phone, tablet, computer etc.) and carries out analyzing processing, realize the real-time detection to breathing.
Fig. 3 is the Comparative result of monitoring of respiration instrument and BOLD contrast monitoring respiratory function.Tester suspends when 75 seconds to be exhaled
It inhales, monitoring of respiration instrument summary responses, response current declines, and BOLD contrast reaction is slower, and blood oxygen saturation is just sent out after about 90 seconds
Changing.Equally, tester restores to breathe when 190, monitoring of respiration instrument summary responses, response current, and BOLD contrast about 30
It is begun to respond to after second.Illustrate the present invention can immediate reaction breath state, and testing result is accurate.
Fig. 4 is to be placed in breath detector to measure the position for flowing through practical breathing gas at mouth and nose, after starting detection,
Information output device output 200 seconds in sitting when eupnea monitoring data.It is observed that internal respiration in 200 seconds is supervised
It surveys instrument and detects that 56 breathings, about 17 beats/min of respiratory rate are consistent with practical respiratory rate；Respiratory intensity is about 10~
15 microamperes；It exhales with inspiratory duration than about 1.5:1~2:1.
Fig. 5 is to be placed in breath detector to measure the position for flowing through practical breathing gas at mouth and nose, after starting detection,
Information output device output 400 seconds in sleep when eupnea monitoring data.It is observed that internal respiration in 400 seconds is supervised
It surveys instrument and detects that 80 breathings, about 12 beats/min of respiratory rate are consistent with practical respiratory rate；Respiratory intensity is about 6~10
Microampere；It exhales with inspiratory duration than about 1.5:1~2:1.
Fig. 6 is the related sign data sat quietly to breathed when movement that monitoring of respiration instrument monitors.Tester is in 500
Starting to jog when the second, it is found that response current changing value increases, and 10 when increasing to movement from 5 microamperes or so when sitting quietly
Microampere or so.
In said determination method, the respiratory rate passes through the breath detector relevant response electrical parameter in the set time
Change (increasing or reducing) number to calculate.The respiratory intensity by the maximum value of relevant response electrical parameter caused by breathing and
The difference or ratio calculation of minimum value.The expiration and the time ratio of air-breathing increased the time by relevant response electrical parameter (or
Reduce the time) with the ratio calculation that reduces the time (or increase time).
The present invention is by the frequency and/or intensity of breathing, and/or sign related to breathings such as the time of air-breathing ratios of exhaling
Data judge whether breathing is abnormal (breathing stops, breath size, tachypnea, and breathing is too slow, and breathing is uneven etc.), then uses
In diagnosis obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, asthma, respiratory failure, the breathing relevant disease such as respiratory distress syndrome.
Embodiment 3
Breath detector described in embodiment 1 can be prepared by the following method：By elastic conducting material and flexible high score
Sub- polymer is according to volume ratio 1:3~4:1 mixing；It is moulding to mixture；Heating makes mixture after molding cure, solidification temperature
It is 50~120 DEG C, hardening time is 1~12h, you can.Elastic conduction colloid therein can be CN according to notification number
104558699A, entitled " a kind of elastic conduction colloid, preparation method and applications " Chinese patent application prepare.Institute
The flexible macromolecule polymer stated can be dimethyl silicone polymer or polyolefin elastomer or ethylene-vinyl acetate c
Object or ethylene propylene diene rubber.
Inorganic material can also be added in the breath detector raw material to be modified, by inorganic material, elastic conduction
Breath detector made from colloid and flexible macromolecule mixed with polymers, surface area increase, and can enhance its water absorbing capacity, to
Improve detectability.The inorganic material can be lithium nitrate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, copper nitrate, zinc nitrate, magnesium sulfate, stone
It is one or more in black alkene.
In addition to be added inorganic material be modified it is outer, can also by other processing modes change surface of elastomer pattern or
Make elastomer that there is porous structure, surface of elastomer product is made to increase.
Embodiment 4
The breathing detection instrument of embodiment 1 can be used for monitoring in exhaled gas whether contain ethyl alcohol.
Adulterate potassium bichromate in breath detector in embodiment 1, and potassium bichromate can and ethanol synthesis, to supervise
It surveys in breathing and whether contains alcohol.Fig. 7 be in monitoring of respiration instrument after breath detector mixing potassium bichromate monitoring obtain exhale
The related sign data breathed when going out in gas containing ethyl alcohol.Tester started to breathe out the gas containing ethyl alcohol when 150 seconds, can
With find, response current changing value reduce, from it is normal when 10 microamperes or so be decreased to containing ethyl alcohol when 5 microamperes or so, reason
It is when ethyl alcohol and potassium bichromate react, 3CH3CH2OH+2Cr2O72-+16H+=3CH3COOH+4Cr3++11H2O breathings detect
Device intermediate ion concentration changes, and response current reduces.
The above, preferable specific embodiment only of the invention, protection scope of the present invention is without being limited thereto, any ripe
Those skilled in the art are known in the technical scope of present disclosure, the letter for the technical solution that can be become apparent to
Altered or equivalence replacement are each fallen in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument, which is characterized in that including a wearable device, described is wearable
Device is equipped with breath detector and sensing circuit；The breath detector is by the elastic conduction colloid with chain structure
With the elastomer of flexible macromolecule polymer, the sensing circuit is for providing power supply and output signal.
2. ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the elastic conduction glue
It is CN 104558699A that body, which is according to notification number, entitled " a kind of elastic conduction colloid, preparation method and applications "
Chinese patent application prepare elastic conduction colloid.
3. ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the flexible macromolecule
Polymer is dimethyl silicone polymer or polyolefin elastomer or vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer or ethylene propylene diene rubber.
4. ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the elastic conduction glue
Volume ratio between body and flexible macromolecule polymer is 1:3~4:1.
5. ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the elastic conduction glue
Volume ratio between body and flexible macromolecule polymer is 3:1.
6. ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the breath detector
With porous structure, or changing surface of elastomer pattern makes the surface area of breath detector increase.
7. ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the breath detector
In doped with potassium bichromate.
8. ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sensing circuit packet
Power supply and signal output apparatus are included, the signal output apparatus carries out signal output by wired or wireless way.
9. ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described ultraportable to wear
It wears monitoring of respiration instrument and alarming device to be connected with each other, either be connected with each other with life sign monitor system or simultaneously and alert
Showing device and life sign monitor system are connected with each other.
10. the monitoring method based on ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument described in claim 1, which is characterized in that including
Following steps：The ultraportable wearable monitoring of respiration instrument is placed in environment to be measured, breath detector absorbs or release
Moisture causes conductivity to change, and output signal is sent out by sensing circuit, monitors time of breathing in real time according to output signal
Number, frequency, pause, intensity, expiration and air-breathing time ratio.
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| CN109793520A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-05-24 | 电子科技大学 | The flexible fabric respiration transducer and preparation method thereof of humidity and strain collaboration sensitivity |
| CN110338796A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-10-18 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Breathing detection method, apparatus and wearable device |
| CN111264946A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-06-12 | 西安工程大学 | Mask for detecting respiratory frequency of human body and detection method thereof |
| CN112168169A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-01-05 | 东南大学 | Portable wearable wireless real-time respiration monitoring device |
| CN114504313A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-17 | 苏州大学 | Portable wearable respiration monitoring device and monitoring method |
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