CN108669369A - It is a kind of to use the feed of grass carp that complete stool barley is raw material - Google Patents
It is a kind of to use the feed of grass carp that complete stool barley is raw material Download PDFInfo
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- CN108669369A CN108669369A CN201810513372.2A CN201810513372A CN108669369A CN 108669369 A CN108669369 A CN 108669369A CN 201810513372 A CN201810513372 A CN 201810513372A CN 108669369 A CN108669369 A CN 108669369A
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- feed
- complete stool
- grass carp
- barley
- raw material
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of using the feed of grass carp that complete stool barley is raw material, comprises the following raw materials by weight percent：Dregs of beans 29.5 47%, import white fish meal 10 11%, rapeseed meal 5 9%, tapioca 3 6%, wheat-middlings 0 7%, complete stool barley 24 42%, soya-bean oil 1 2%, the premix 1% of 1% fish, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2 0.69%, methionine 0.19 0.2%, choline 0.1%, coating esterification VC0.01%.After natural drying, the aerial part gathered in when seed moisture is less than 20% is crushed to and is all sieved by 200 mesh maturation the complete stool barley between barley ground.The present invention substitutes cellulosic material in current feed of grass carp with complete stool barley, all or part of substitute wheat-middlings, simplifies the work that complete stool barley cultivation is stored up completely, labour cost, replacing whole cheese powder are saved, palatability is good, has lower cost and higher feeding quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to livestock-raising fields, and in particular to a kind of to use the feed of grass carp that complete stool barley is raw material.
Background technology
Grass carp is one of four traditional large Chinese carps of China and China's yield and the maximum freshwater fish of consumption figure, because of it
Growth is rapid, and feed resource is wide, is the essential fish of large-scale cultivation.Highlands such as Yunnan more lacks based on the flesh of fish
High-quality animal food, the whole nation in recent years the average life span statistics in, Tibet (68.17), Yunnan (69.54), Qinghai
(69.96) national 31 regional last, second, third name are occupied respectively, and Yunnan is away from the whole nation average 74.83 low 5.29
Year.The case where air in the average life span minimum province and environmental pollution, is significantly better than developed regions, but few drinking water product, life are strong
Kang Shuiping is related with the high-quality animal food in people's diet, so actively developing freshwater fish culturing in highlands, promotes
The good dietary structure adjustment of the highlands people, quality of improving the people's livelihood and the general level of the health are of great significance.
By taking Yunnan as an example, rivers and lakes are numerous, and water resource is particularly suitable for development plateau freshwater aquiculture, but cloud compared with horn of plenty
South but lacks interiorly rich feed resource, and either corn or dregs of beans or even soybean skin is required for calling in from other provinces.And into
For high-grade feed raw material as mouth fish meal, soybean, cheese powder etc. because of the reasons such as transport, use cost is also regional higher than outside the province,
And since two season of Yunnan dry and wet is clearly demarcated, it is continued until that or so November, feedstuff are especially small wheat May rainy season from current year
Product easily fungal infection generates harmful toxic matter.Feed accounts for 50% or more aquaculture overall cost, and feed cost becomes plateau
The bottleneck of regional aquaculture development.If plateau region feedstuff can be developed to apply on fish meal, necessarily to promoting
Plateau aquatic products industry has great meaning.
Grass carp ingestion types are more special, and the typically no stomach of fish, enteron aisle is also very short, without cellulase, therefore are easy
Digestive problems occur and sick, but have grass carp in fish pond, other fish will health it is very much, because of grass carp eating plant, but
Being their alimentary canal cannot utilize plant fiber, the excrement being discharged after their of short duration alimentary canals to contain a large amount of fibers again
Element, the microorganisms such as a large amount of epiphytic bacterias of meeting, protozoan, metazoa, excrement become a kind of most eutrophy after everfermentation
" delicious food ", contain a large amount of mycoprotein and zooplankter, crude protein content is higher than in grass cuttings and water plant instead
Much.The main food source of grass carp is exactly this " excrement " in fact, and other fish have eaten this " excrement " and can also obtain
Better nutrition supply promotes health degree and disease resistance.Therefore, cellulose family raw material occupies 10% or so in feed of grass carp
Feed formula space, thus it requires the high nitrogen of other components, high in fat, and these feedstuff higher prices (fish meal, cheese powder,
Dregs of beans, wheat-middlings, cellulose etc.) and height dependence import so that the feed of grass carp of industrialized production is expensive, general unblemished fish
Feed ton price at least also wants 6000 yuan or so, limits the development of highlands fresh water fishery.
The barley cultivation area and total output in Yunnan are the first in the nation, and up to more than 380 ten thousand mu, variety source also occupies the whole nation the
One, mainly there are malting barley and feed barley.No matter which kind of barley, stalk part usually becomes the diet of ruminant, and
The single diet of seed part or wine brewing or chicken of raising pigs as oneself, storage are also that stalk and seed are separately stored.It produces big in Yunnan
Wheat Straw and seed do not enter market circulation generally, so without commercialized feeding converted products.Even raiser is personal,
And straw does straw and does seed use with, seed, lacks that scientific and reasonable, nutrition is balanced, the preparation of codes and standards, feeding value compared with
It is low, it is in the situation of inefficient waste.
Invention content
To solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a kind of feed of grass carp using complete stool barley for raw material, it is therefore intended that carry
For a kind of feed of grass carp using based on the local feed raw material of Yunnan.
The present invention is the feed of grass carp of raw material using complete stool barley, is comprised the following raw materials by weight percent：
Preferably, it when the feed of grass carp is used for Grass Carp Juveniles, comprises the following raw materials by weight percent：
Preferably, it when the feed of grass carp is used for grass carp adult fish, comprises the following raw materials by weight percent：
Further, the protein content of the dregs of beans is 43%.
Further, complete stool barley maturation between barley ground after natural drying, is received when seed moisture is less than 20%
The aerial part cut is crushed to and is all sieved by 200 mesh.
Further, all raw materials, which crush, all crosses 200 mesh sieve, and length is made by 80 DEG C of saturated vapors after mixing
For the graininess sinking feed of 0.5-2mm.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
1. substituting the cellulosic material in current feed of grass carp completely：It, must in feed of grass carp due to the feeding feature of grass carp
The cellulose that must ensure 10% or more addition, to save cost, common grass carp raises the cellulose for using import less in the market, but logical
Soybean skin is crossed to add.But Yunnan is not major soybean production areas, and soybean skin is also required to from allocating and transporting outside the province, cost is higher and raw material not
It can guarantee timely acquisition.The present invention selects complete stool barley as feedstuff, and complete stool barley itself contains 20% or so thick fibre
Dimension can substitute soybean skin and be the fiber level that feed increases by 60% or so, completely for the feeding feature of grass carp, cellulose
More fermentation cooperating microorganisms for being conducive to first time excrement are conducive to nutrient absorption and health when the secondary feeding of fish.
2. all or part of substitute wheat-middlings：Wheat-middlings are wheat processing byproducts, and Yunnan is not wheat belt, and wheat-middlings need to be from
It allocates and transports outside the province, of high cost and easy mould growth, Yunnan barley is rabi, in harvesting in 4-5 months for annual drying short of rain,
It is mostly in addition barley, therefore seed and stalk are not easy by mycotoxin contamination, compared with shelf-stable.Present inventor is through more
The more ground of year follow-up, the discovery of more than 200 a barley seeds of multi items, cane, barley seedling, complete stool barley sample detection, Yunnan barley
In 6 kinds of common mycotoxins (aflatoxin B1,
Vomitoxin, zearalenone, fumonisin, T-2 toxin and ochratoxin) less detection, and detection person
Not exceeded, safety is significantly better than corn class feedstuff and small wheat feedstuff.It, can through the present inventor's repetition test
To use complete stool barley to substitute 80%
The wheat-middlings of left and right greatly reduce the harm of mycotoxin in daily ration, improve feed of grass carp quality, improve grass carp
Health degree, improve the economic benefit of foster grass carp.
3. simplifying the work that complete stool barley cultivation is stored up, labour cost has been saved：Complete stool barley is ripe between ground, natural
It dries, complete stool harvesting stacking, the used time crushes, prepared by formula, on-demand.Traditional mode stalk, seed are separately harvested, divided
It opens storage and managenent and is reduced to disposably harvest, the storage and managenent application of same ground, saved and stored up cost；With powder with also preferably
Save the quality of raw material；Complete stool use simplifies feed formulation operation sequence for raiser, and it is artificial to save farming.
4. replacing whole cheese powder, palatability is good：There is complete stool barley peat-reek, Yunnan grass carp decentralized household just to have
It cuts dark green complete stool barley to graze the custom of fish, the present invention will be made mixed feed as raw material after complete stool barley pulverization, meet grass
The feeding of fish is liked, and palatability is good, grass carp eating, therefore can completely dispense with the expensive import feedstuff by PCR assay cheese powder of addition.
5. lower cost and higher feeding quality：Allocate and transport outside the province and import is substituted with the complete stool barley of locality plantation
Feedstuff, feed cost is greatly saved.And present invention selection tapioca, Yunnan low-heat River Valley Region such as Red River,
Dehong, Ban Na and face a state south east asia happiness kind cassava, tapioca abundance is cheap, while with other starch phases
Than the adhesiveness of tapioca is best, ensure that the viscosity and other trophic level of produced fish particulate material, can reach heavy property
The technique processing request of particle, i.e. 5 minutes dispersion rate≤8% of water resisting time, water resisting time reach 60 minutes.Complete stool is used
Barley and tapioca both local feed raw materials, even if being calculated by higher 1.5 yuan/kilogram of price of complete stool barley, this hair
Existing feed of grass carp direct cost has dropped 25%-33% or so to bright feed ratio in the market, and Grass Carp Juveniles daily gain is high
In existing feed, grass carp adult feedstuff conversion ratio and meat are better than existing feed.
Specific implementation mode
Below by way of the technical solution that specific embodiment further illustrates the present invention, but technical scheme of the present invention not with
Embodiment is limited.
Embodiment 1：
Inventor through follow up for many years mostly, more than 200 a barley seeds, cane, barley seedling, the complete stool barley sample of multi items
Detection find, the common mycotoxin of 6 kinds of Yunnan barley (aflatoxin B1, vomitoxin, zearalenone, fumonisin,
T-2 toxin and ochratoxin) less detection, and detection person is not exceeded, safety is significantly better than corn class feedstuff
With small wheat feedstuff.Following table is the measured value of several barleys and wheat bran Main Nutrients (Yunnan is local).
The measured value dry matter basis of 1 barley product of table, complete stool barley and wheat bran Main Nutrients ingredient, unit %
As seen from the above table, complete stool barley crude fiber content is 20% or so, and after testing, it is poly- that barley seed surveys contained β-Portugal
Sugar, amylose, amylopectin are respectively 10.33%, 6.49% and 37.30% on the basis of starch, and beta glucan is prebiotic
Member, amylopectin can digestibility, absorptivity also above amylose, thus the complete stool barley of seed stalk one is a kind of
Good feedstuff.
Embodiment 2：
It prepares using the Grass Carp Juveniles feed that complete stool barley is raw material, comprises the following raw materials by weight percent：
Further, the protein content of the dregs of beans is 43%.
Further, complete stool barley maturation between barley ground after natural drying, is received when seed moisture is less than 20%
The aerial part cut is crushed to and is all sieved by 200 mesh.
Further, all raw materials, which crush, all crosses 200 mesh sieve, and length is made by 80 DEG C of saturated vapors after mixing
For the graininess sinking feed of 2mm, then it is broken for the graininess sinking feed that grain size is 0.5-1mm.
2 Grass Carp Juveniles conventional feed of table is compared with complete stool barley feed
Note：Premix provides for every kilogram of feed:Cu 5mg, Fe 180mg, Mn 35mg, Zn 120mg, I 0.65mg,
Se 0.5mg, Co 0.07mg, Mg 300mg, K 80mg, VA 10mg, VB1 8mg, VB2 8mg, VB6 20mg, VB12
0.1mg, VC 250mg, calcium pantothenate 20mg, niacin 25mg, VD3 4mg, VK3 6mg, folic acid 5mg, inositol 100mg.
As can be seen from Table 2, since complete stool barley contains 20% crude fibre, so fiber in conventional feed can be substituted completely
Plain raw soybeans skin, and increase the fiber level 60% of total body feedstuff, the more conducively caking property of grain products；Meanwhile complete stool is big
Wheat contains about 29% starch, so 78% or more wheat-middlings dosage is greatly reduced；Complete stool barley contains about 10% crude protein
Matter can reduce expensive proteinaceous materials cheese powder.Due to the use of tapioca, the viscosity of produced fish particulate material ensure that
With other trophic level, the technique processing request of heavy property particle, i.e. 5 minutes dispersion rate≤8% of water resisting time can be reached, it is resistance to
The water time reaches 60 minutes.So that feedstuff cost directly declines 1366 yuan/ton, i.e., 25% feed cost.
Embodiment 3：Two kinds of Grass Carp Juveniles forage feed experiments
The 48 tail Grass carps in 1 age in winter are cultivated in the selection of experiment fish pond to be randomly assigned into 6 net cages, 8 tail of each net cage is right
According to group and each 3 repetitions of test group, test group and control group are determined in lot.It is 7 days preliminary trial periods, positive to try 10 weeks phases, it the results are shown in Table 3.
Influence of the 3 complete stool barley feed of table to Grass Carp Juveniles growth performance
Rate of body weight gain=100* (opisthosoma weight-first weight)/first weight；
Specific growth rate=100* (the first weight of ln opisthosomas weight-ln)/raising number of days；
Feed efficiency=Feed consumption/(opisthosoma weight-first weight)；
Protein retention=100* weight gain * fish body protein contents/protein content for feed of ingesting；
Fat deposition rate=100* weight gain * fish body fat contents/fat content for feed of ingesting.
By table 3 as it can be seen that complete stool barley feed test group rate of body weight gain, specific growth rate, Protein retention, fat deposition rate
It is better than control group, illustrates that complete stool barley feed can substitute conventional feed, and with reduction feed cost, improvement productivity
Energy, the advantage suitable for highlands.
Embodiment 4：
It prepares using the grass carp adult feedstuff that complete stool barley is raw material, comprises the following raw materials by weight percent：
Further, the protein content of the dregs of beans is 43%.
Further, complete stool barley maturation between barley ground after natural drying, is received when seed moisture is less than 20%
The aerial part cut is crushed to and is all sieved by 200 mesh.
Further, all raw materials, which crush, all crosses 200 mesh sieve, and length is made by 80 DEG C of saturated vapors after mixing
For the graininess sinking feed of 2mm.
4 grass carp adult fish conventional feed of table is compared with complete stool barley feed
As seen from Table 4, the adult feedstuff prepared with complete stool barley and tapioca, reaches and the comparable nutrition of conventional feed
Level, since complete stool barley contains 20% crude fibre, so cellulose in conventional feed can be substituted completely and increase totality
The fiber level 37.5% of feed, the more conducively caking property of grain products；Meanwhile complete stool barley contains about 29% starch, therefore
And wheat-middlings can be replaced completely；Cooperation can reach the technique processing request of heavy property particle with 6% tapioca, i.e., when water-fast
Between 5 minutes dispersion rate≤8%, water resisting time reaches 60 minutes.1911 yuan/ton of feed cost is directly reduced, this degree is dropped and reaches
To 33.8% level of signifiance.
Embodiment 5：Two kinds of grass carp adult feedstuff feeding trials
In the experiment fish pond of 3m depths, 60 consistent, physically fit tail grass carp adult fishes of selection specification are put at random to 6 net cages
In (2m X 2m X 2m), test group and control group are determined in 10 tail of each net cage, control group and each 3 repetitions of test group, lot.Prerun
It is 10 days phases, positive to try 10 weeks phases.It the results are shown in Table 5.
Influence of the 5 complete stool barley feed of table to grass carp adult fish growth performance
Table 5 is as it can be seen that the weightening of complete stool barley feed test group, feed efficiency, specific growth rate are slightly below control group, but difference
Not significantly；Protein retention is better than control group, and each indicator difference is not notable, but it can be seen that the ratio of protein/fat
More balanced, flesh of fish meat flavor more preferably, illustrates that complete stool barley feed can be with the higher conventional feed of fictitious hosts, and to the flesh of fish
Meat guality is beneficial, and consumer is more willing to the better flesh of fish of selection flavor.
The feed cost reduction amplitude of the present invention is apparent, develops with the freshwater aquiculture of suitable highlands and national to plateau
Reaping hook gulf area grain changes the advantage for raising policy execution.In today of trade war, feedstuff price fluctuation is frequent, and this hair
It is bright to develop local feedstuff resource, the direct cost of adult feedstuff 25-33% is can significantly reduce using complete stool barley, and
And wheat-middlings and cheese powder can be largely substituted, the harm of mycotoxin in wheat based article is significantly reduced, is reduced to import
The dependence of feedstuff (cheese powder etc.) effectively slows down limitation of traditional conventional feed raw material to aquaculture.
Above to it is provided by the present invention it is a kind of using complete stool barley be raw material feed of grass carp be described in detail.This
Text is expounded the principle of the present invention and embodiment by specific implementation mode, described above to be merely used to help understand
The method and its core concept of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, not departing from this
, can be with several improvements and modifications are made to the present invention under the premise of inventive principle, these improvement and modification also fall into the present invention
In scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of using the feed of grass carp that complete stool barley is raw material, which is characterized in that comprise the following raw materials by weight percent：
2. it is the feed of grass carp of raw material to use complete stool barley according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the feed of grass carp is used
When Grass Carp Juveniles, comprise the following raw materials by weight percent：
3. it is the feed of grass carp of raw material to use complete stool barley according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the feed of grass carp is used
When grass carp adult fish, comprise the following raw materials by weight percent：
4. it is the feed of grass carp of raw material to use complete stool barley according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the albumen of the dregs of beans
Content is 43%.
5. it is the feed of grass carp of raw material to use complete stool barley according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the complete stool barley is
After natural drying, the aerial part gathered in when seed moisture is less than 20% is crushed to all by 200 maturation between barley ground
Mesh sieves.
6. it is the feed of grass carp of raw material to use complete stool barley according to claim 1, which is characterized in that all raw materials crush
200 mesh sieve is all crossed, the graininess sinking feed that length is 0.5-2mm is made by 80 DEG C of saturated vapors after mixing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810513372.2A CN108669369A (en) | 2018-05-25 | 2018-05-25 | It is a kind of to use the feed of grass carp that complete stool barley is raw material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810513372.2A CN108669369A (en) | 2018-05-25 | 2018-05-25 | It is a kind of to use the feed of grass carp that complete stool barley is raw material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108669369A true CN108669369A (en) | 2018-10-19 |
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ID=63808159
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| CN201810513372.2A Withdrawn CN108669369A (en) | 2018-05-25 | 2018-05-25 | It is a kind of to use the feed of grass carp that complete stool barley is raw material |
Country Status (1)
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104171507A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-12-03 | 华中农业大学 | Feed for grass carps at cultivating period for causing meat to be fresh and tender and preparation method thereof |
| CN104905078A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-09-16 | 四川国凤中科生物科技有限公司 | Granulated grass carp fodder |
| CN107466565A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-12-15 | 安徽省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of Application way of barley strain as feed |
-
2018
- 2018-05-25 CN CN201810513372.2A patent/CN108669369A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104171507A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-12-03 | 华中农业大学 | Feed for grass carps at cultivating period for causing meat to be fresh and tender and preparation method thereof |
| CN104905078A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-09-16 | 四川国凤中科生物科技有限公司 | Granulated grass carp fodder |
| CN107466565A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-12-15 | 安徽省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of Application way of barley strain as feed |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 陈永霞 等: "《攀西地区优良牧草的生产利用》", 31 May 2014, 四川大学出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20181019 |