CN108668722A - A method of prevention Chinese yam root knot nematode disease - Google Patents
A method of prevention Chinese yam root knot nematode disease Download PDFInfo
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- CN108668722A CN108668722A CN201810378983.0A CN201810378983A CN108668722A CN 108668722 A CN108668722 A CN 108668722A CN 201810378983 A CN201810378983 A CN 201810378983A CN 108668722 A CN108668722 A CN 108668722A
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- avermectin
- chinese yam
- mus
- missible oil
- knot nematode
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of prevention Chinese yam root knot nematode disease, this method carries out in the following manner：Winter a heatable brick bed is turned over before entering the winter in field；Before sowing, 2 5% Avermectin B2 water dispersible granules are spread fertilizer over the fields by 1Kg/ mus of dosages with organic fertilizer mixing first, then turn over flood irrigation；It after 25 35 days, selects healthy and strong disease-free potato seed as propagating materials, after first drying potato seed, then with 5% Avermectin B2 missible oil dilutes 800 1000 times of seed soaking 10min, then transplant；After plant, 5% Avermectin B2 missible oil is applied with water punching by 1 2L/ mus of dosage；Tuber character initial stage is applied using 5% Avermectin B2 missible oil or by 1.5 2.5Kg/ mus of dosage using 5% Avermectin B2 water dispersible granules with water punching by 1.5 2.5L/ mus of dosage.The present invention is illustrated Avermectin B2 and coordinates cultural control and physical control to the biological control of Chinese yam root-knot nematode, can effectively be prevented the generation for reducing Chinese yam root knot nematode disease, significantly improve Chinese yam yield, obtain good economic benefit using the means prevented in advance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Chinese yam disease prevention and cure method, specifically a kind of method of prevention Chinese yam root knot nematode disease.
Background technology
Chinese yam（Dioscorea quinquelobaThumb）, original name Chinese yam, the perennial winding grass of category Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea
Matter liana.There is cultivation throughout our country, wherein with the RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China performance optimal of one band of Henan Wen County, Wuzhi and universal love.
Iron rod yam is the treasure in RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE from Henan of China, belongs to the distinctive Chinese yam idioplasm resource of genunie medicinal materials and China.Yam planting process
In, root knot nematode disease is one of most common disease, and influences the arch-criminal of Chinese yam yield and quality.
Root-knot nematode（Meloidogyne spp.）Disease is one of plant disease important in vegetables production process.State at present
Report root-knot nematode has more than 80 kinds on border, and China Report root-knot nematode has 29 kinds, can danger to vegetables, industrial crops and ornamental plant
Deng 3000 various plants, loss reaches tens dollars caused by crops every year.It is thin that root-knot nematode infects host's root tissue
Tumour is formed after born of the same parents, influences the absorption of plant pair moisture and nutrient, is led to the depauperation of plant above ground portion, dwarfing, yellow, is withered
Wither, leaf rolling, deformed fruit or even whole strain it is dead, cause crop failure.
The root system and stem tuber of root-knot nematode main harm Chinese yam.By root-knot nematode encroach on plant, early period aerial part rattan
Climing non-evident sympton, to the middle and later periods, tendril growing way is weak, and blade becomes smaller, and blade turns yellow and falls off when serious.Aggrieved stem tuber stem surface is dark
Brown, matt, most deformities, swelling, protrusion around nematode point of entry form the root knot of many diameter 2-7mm, when serious
Multiple root knots more collectively form pimple, and the later stage, epidermal tissue rotted, and interior tissue turns yellow, due to other infecting for microorganism
Stem tuber is caused to rot.And currently, the control method of Chinese yam root-knot nematode mainly or leans on applied chemistry pesticide, and use chemical agriculture
Medicine can make the reduction of Chinese yam quality, pollute environment, destroy the ecological balance, be unfavorable for the sustainable development of agricultural.
In addition, the prevention of Chinese yam root knot nematode disease is different from other the crop fields, Chinese yam root-knot nematode is distributed relatively deeply in soil layer,
Prevention is difficult.Field investigation is movable mostly at 5-30cm the results show that there is nematode distribution in the soil layer of 0-50cm depths, in 15-
At 30cm at most.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of control methods of Chinese yam root knot nematode disease, can reduce root-knot nematode in soil
Quantity, reduce Chinese yam root knot nematode disease incidence, improve Chinese yam yield and promoted Chinese yam quality.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：
A method of prevention Chinese yam root knot nematode disease, the method carry out in the following manner：
（1）Winter a heatable brick bed, ploughed depth 30-40cm are turned over before entering the winter in field；
（2）25-35 days before sowing, first 2-5% Avermectin B2s water dispersible granules and organic fertilizer mixing are spread by 1Kg/ mus of dosages
It applies, then turns over flood irrigation, ploughed depth 20-25cm；
（3）When sowing, select healthy and strong disease-free potato seed as propagating materials, after first drying potato seed, then with 5% Avermectin B2
Missible oil dilutes 800-1000 times of seed soaking 10min, then transplants；
（4）After plant, 5% Avermectin B2 missible oil is applied with water punching by 1-2L/ mus of dosages；
（5）Tuber character initial stage using 5% Avermectin B2 missible oil or presses 1.5-2.5Kg/ mus of dosages by 1.5-2.5L/ mus of dosages
It is applied with water punching using 5% Avermectin B2 water dispersible granules.
The method of prevention Chinese yam root knot nematode disease of the present invention, step（2）Specially：28-32 days before sowing, first press
1Kg/ mus of dosages spread fertilizer over the fields 5% Avermectin B2 water dispersible granules with organic fertilizer mixing, then turn over flood irrigation, ploughed depth 20-
25cm。
The present invention has the advantages that：
1, the present invention reduces worm's ovum of passing the winter using the means prevented in advance.The 5% Avermectin B2 water dispersible granules soil used
Sterilization method relatively uses chemical pesticide soil disinfection method, has higher safety, and with noresidue, free from environmental pollution
The advantages that.
2,5% Avermectin B2 missible oil used herein handles plant, does not generate poisoning, without hindering seedling phenomenon.In missible oil
Lipid solvent has trophism after decomposition to plant.
3, the present invention using Avermectin B2 missible oil or water dispersible granules in the specific time, using specific method of application
And amount of application, Chinese yam root-knot nematode incidence is greatly reduced, Chinese yam yield is improved, achieves good economic benefit.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
（1）Before entering the winter, winter a heatable brick bed, ploughed depth 30-40cm are turned over；
（2）Before March 6 ploughed, 2% Avermectin B2 water dispersible granules are used（1Kg/ mus）It is spread fertilizer over the fields with organic fertilizer mixing, then
Turn over flood irrigation, ploughed depth 20-25cm；
（3）It was transplanted April 6, selects healthy and strong disease-free potato seed as propagating materials, potato seed is dried into stratification before broadcasting, and
800 times of seed soaking 10min are diluted with 5% Avermectin B2 missible oil, are then transplanted；
（4）After plant, 5% Avermectin B2 missible oil is used（1L/ mus）It is applied with water punching；
（5）In tuber character initial stage July 2,5% Avermectin B2 missible oil is used（2L/ mus）It is applied with water punching.
Embodiment 2
（1）Before entering the winter, winter a heatable brick bed, ploughed depth 30-40cm are turned over；
（2）Before March 6 ploughed, 5% Avermectin B2 water dispersible granules are used（1kg/667m2）It is spread fertilizer over the fields with organic fertilizer mixing,
Then turn over flood irrigation, ploughed depth 20-25cm；
（3）It was transplanted April 6, selects healthy and strong disease-free potato seed as propagating materials, dry potato seed before broadcasting, to sterilize and promote
Into germination, 5% Avermectin B2 missible oil is used in combination to dilute 800 times of seed soaking 10min, after then transplanting；
（4）After plant, 5% Avermectin B2 missible oil is used（1L/667m2）It is applied with water punching；
（5）In tuber character initial stage July 2,5% Avermectin B2 water dispersible granules are used（1kg/667m2）It is applied with water punching.
Embodiment 3
（1）Before entering the winter, winter a heatable brick bed, ploughed depth 30-40cm are turned over；
（2）Before March 6 ploughed, 5% Avermectin B2 water dispersible granules are used（1kg/667m2）It is spread fertilizer over the fields with organic fertilizer mixing,
Then turn over flood irrigation, ploughed depth 20-25cm；
（3）It selects healthy and strong disease-free potato seed as propagating materials when plant on April 6, plant, dries potato seed before broadcasting, to kill
Bacterium and stratification are used in combination 5% Avermectin B2 missible oil to dilute 800 times of seed soaking 10min, are then transplanted；
（4）After plant, 5% Avermectin B2 missible oil is used（1L/667m2）It is applied with water punching；
（5）In tuber character initial stage July 2,5% Avermectin B2 missible oil is used（2L/ mus）It is applied with water punching.
Embodiment 4
（1）Before entering the winter, winter a heatable brick bed, ploughed depth 30-40cm are turned over；
（2）Before March 6 ploughed, 5% Avermectin B2 water dispersible granules are used（1kg/667m2）It is spread fertilizer over the fields with organic fertilizer mixing,
Then turn over flood irrigation, ploughed depth 20-25cm；
（3）It selects healthy and strong disease-free potato seed as propagating materials when plant on April 6, plant, dries potato seed before broadcasting, to kill
Bacterium and stratification are used in combination 5% Avermectin B2 missible oil to dilute 800 times of seed soaking 10min, are then transplanted；
（4）After plant, 5% Avermectin B2 missible oil is used（1L/667m2）It is applied with water punching；
（5）In tuber character initial stage July 2,5% Avermectin B2 water dispersible granules are used（2kg/667m2）It is applied with water punching.
Comparative example 1
（1）Before entering the winter, winter a heatable brick bed, ploughed depth 30-40cm are turned over；
（2）It March 6, spreads fertilizer over the fields organic fertilizer and turns over, ploughed depth 20-25cm then uses 5% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate（1L/
667m2）With water flood irrigation；
（3）It was transplanted April 6, selects healthy and strong disease-free potato seed as propagating materials, dry potato seed before broadcasting, to sterilize and promote
Into germination, it is used in combination 5% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate to dilute 800 times of seed soaking 10min, then transplants；
（4）After plant, 5% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate is used（1L/667m2）It is applied with water punching；
（5）In tuber character initial stage July 2,5% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate is used（2L/667m2）It is applied with water punching.
Comparative example 2
（1）Before entering the winter, winter a heatable brick bed, ploughed depth 30-40cm are turned over；
（2）Before March 26 ploughed, 5% Avermectin B2 water dispersible granules are used（1kg/667m2）It is spread fertilizer over the fields with organic fertilizer mixing,
Then turn over flood irrigation, ploughed depth 20-25cm；
（3）It selects healthy and strong disease-free potato seed as propagating materials when plant on April 6, plant, dries potato seed before broadcasting, to kill
Bacterium and stratification are used in combination 5% Avermectin B2 missible oil to dilute 800 times of seed soaking 10min, are then transplanted；
（4）After plant, 5% Avermectin B2 missible oil is used（1L/667m2）It is applied with water punching；
（5）In tuber character initial stage July 2,5% Avermectin B2 water dispersible granules are used（2kg/667m2）It is applied with water punching.
In order to illustrate the present invention to the control effect of Chinese yam root knot nematode disease, according to the technology of embodiment 1-4 and comparative example
Scheme is tested, as a result as follows.
1, experimental condition：Test site is Henan Jiaozhuo Wen County Ma Feng Lin Cun, is located at the experimental plot in the village with wheat and jade
Rice crop rotation method is planted 5 years or more, and preceding crop is corn, is Chinese yam for studying object（Kind is iron rod yam）, soil types
For loam, soil pH value 6.8.Controlling object is root-knot nematode.Experimental plot Chinese yam was transplanted April 6, planting density 8000
Strain/667m2.Experiment totally 7 processing：1-4 group corresponding embodiment 1-4,5-6 groups are comparative example, and the 7th group compares for clear water.7th
For group in addition to non-medication, other methods are same as Example 1.Each experimental plot area is 111m2, 3 repetitions.Chinese yam entirely gives birth to
Educate phase dispenser 3 times, 15 DEG C of temperature when dispenser on the 6th in March, fine, 2 grades of north wind；20 DEG C of temperature, cloudy when dispenser on the 6th in April, north wind 1
Grade；35 DEG C of temperature, cloudy when dispenser on the 2nd in July, 1 grade of north wind.
2, sampling survey and drug effect calculate：In harvest time November 3, each experimental plot is taken using five point sampling
Sample, every is investigated two plants, and record records morbidity series, total strain number and yield.Occurring degree is divided into 6 grades, wherein：0 grade：It is disease-free；1
Grade：Sick tumor portion accounts for 5% or less whole strain Chinese yam stem tuber；2 grades：Sick tumor portion accounts for the 6% ~ 25% of whole strain Chinese yam stem tuber；3 grades：Raw tumor
Sick portion accounts for the 26% ~ 50% of whole strain Chinese yam stem tuber；4 grades：Sick tumor portion accounts for the 51% ~ 75% of whole strain Chinese yam stem tuber；5 grades：Sick tumor portion
Account for 76% or more of whole strain Chinese yam stem tuber.
The disease index and control effect of root-knot nematode are calculated according to following equation, it is for statistical analysis using SAS softwares.
3. test result
Referring to table 1, table 2
Note：Data are the average value of 3 repetitions in upper table.
It is for statistical analysis using SAS softwares to control effect, wherein different lowercase letters are in 0.05 horizontal difference
Different conspicuousness, different capitalizations are indicated in the 0.01 horizontal significance of difference.
Note：Data are the average value of 3 repetitions in upper table.
It is for statistical analysis using SAS softwares to yield, wherein different lowercase letters are aobvious in 0.05 horizontal difference
Work property, different capitalizations are indicated in the 0.01 horizontal significance of difference.
As shown in Table 1, the preventive effect of embodiment 4 reaches 88.40%, and there was no significant difference with embodiment 3 for preventive effect, but is higher than
Other embodiments and comparative example, and it is heteropolar significantly in 0.01 level error with embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and 1 preventive effect of comparative example, with
2 preventive effect of comparative example is notable in 0.05 level difference；Embodiment 4 is with embodiment 3 more afterwards as can be seen that in tuber character on July 2
Initial stage uses 2L/667m25% Avermectin B2 missible oil applies preventive effect with water punching and uses 2kg/667m25% Avermectin B2 water-dispersible grain
Agent applies preventive effect there was no significant difference with water punching；Embodiment 3 is with embodiment 1 more afterwards as can be seen that soil treatment on March 6, application
5% Avermectin B2 water dispersible granules preventive effect, which is higher than, applies 2% Avermectin B2 water dispersible granules, and aobvious in 0.05 horizontal upper difference
It writes；Embodiment 4 is with embodiment 2 more afterwards as can be seen that using 2kg/667m at tuber character initial stage July 225% avermectin
B2 water dispersible granules apply preventive effect with water punching and are higher than 1kg/667m25% Avermectin B2 water dispersible granules are applied with water punching, and 0.01
Difference is extremely notable in level；Embodiment 4 can be seen that 4 preventive effect of embodiment with comparative example 2 higher than comparative example 2 more afterwards, and
0.05 horizontal upper significant difference；1 preventive effect of comparative example is minimum compared with other embodiments preventive effect, illustrate Avermectin B2 compared to common Ah
Dimension rhzomorph has higher preventive effect to root-knot nematode.
As shown in Table 2,3 yield highest of embodiment, rate of growth up to 47.24%, but with embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3
It is not notable with 2 volume variance of comparative example；4 yield of embodiment is higher than 2 yield of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and comparative example, but difference is not
Significantly；Embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4 and 2 yield of comparative example are above 1 cell production of comparative example, and with it is right
Ratio cell production is extremely notable in 0.01 horizontal upper difference.Illustrate the more common avermectin prevention Chinese yam root knot line of Avermectin B2
Worm has better effect of increasing production.
In conclusion in application 2-5% Avermectin B2 water dispersible granules 1kg/667m on March 62It is spread with organic fertilizer mixing
Flood irrigation is applied and turned over, diluted 800-1000 times of seed soaking 10min, 1-2L/667m with 5% Avermectin B2 missible oil April 62
5% Avermectin B2 missible oil is applied with water punching, and 1.5-2.5L/667m is used within 2nd July25% Avermectin B2 missible oil or 1.5-
2.5Kg/667m25% avermectin water dispersible granules are applied with water punching has preferable control effect to Chinese yam root-knot nematode, while
There is preferable effect of increasing production.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method of prevention Chinese yam root knot nematode disease, which is characterized in that the method carries out in the following manner：
（1）Winter a heatable brick bed, ploughed depth 30-40cm are turned over before entering the winter in field；
（2）25-35 days before sowing, first 2-5% Avermectin B2s water dispersible granules and organic fertilizer mixing are spread by 1Kg/ mus of dosages
It applies, then turns over flood irrigation, ploughed depth 20-25cm；
（3）800-1000 times is diluted when sowing, after drying as the potato seed of propagating materials with 5% Avermectin B2 missible oil to soak seed
10min is handled, is then transplanted；
（4）After plant, 5% Avermectin B2 missible oil is applied with water punching by 1-2L/ mus of dosages；
（5）Tuber character initial stage using 5% Avermectin B2 missible oil or presses 1.5-2.5Kg/ mus of dosages by 1.5-2.5L/ mus of dosages
It is applied with water punching using 5% Avermectin B2 water dispersible granules.
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| CN201810378983.0A CN108668722A (en) | 2018-04-25 | 2018-04-25 | A method of prevention Chinese yam root knot nematode disease |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810378983.0A CN108668722A (en) | 2018-04-25 | 2018-04-25 | A method of prevention Chinese yam root knot nematode disease |
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105123726A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-12-09 | 贵州大学 | Kiwi berry seedling root disinfectant and disinfection method |
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2018
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105123726A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-12-09 | 贵州大学 | Kiwi berry seedling root disinfectant and disinfection method |
| CN107691464A (en) * | 2017-07-15 | 2018-02-16 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A kind of composition and application method for preventing and treating root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogenses and weeds |
| CN107258341A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-10-20 | 桂平市蒙圩镇火炎种养专业合作社 | A kind of prevention and controls of canopy room tomato root-knot eelworm disease |
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| 张胜博: "阿维菌素B2防治铁棍山药根结线虫病药效研究", 《现代农业科技》 * |
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