CN108667036A - A kind of electric vehicle V2G inverter control methods - Google Patents
A kind of electric vehicle V2G inverter control methods Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1892—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks the arrangements being an integral part of the load, e.g. a motor, or of its control circuit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L55/00—Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/24—Personal mobility vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of electric vehicle V2G inverter control methods, control method includes：AC/DC is fed back part using the voltage and current double closed-loop based on Direct Current Control, including coordinate transform and Feedforward Decoupling, and introduce PQ controls and transmitted with controlling active power and reactive power；The parts DC/DC are using single phase shifting control battery charging and discharging；Prime AC/DC converters are used to control the transmission of the two-way active power and reactive power of grid side；The active power that rear class DC/DC converters are used to control electric automobile power battery side is transmitted, realize that the charging and discharging to electric automobile power battery control, power four quadrant running and Reactive Power Control may be implemented in the present invention, transmitting active power of the V2G converters required by realizing V2G, the function of charge and discharge is carried out simultaneously to electric automobile power battery group, it can also be absorbed to power grid or send out reactive power, realize the transmitted in both directions of reactive power.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric vehicle power control fields, and in particular to a kind of electric vehicle V2G inverter control methods.
Background technology
V2G is the abbreviation of Vehicle-to-grid, it describes such a system：When hybrid electric vehicle or pure
Electric vehicle is not when operation, and the energy of automobile power cell group is defeated by power grid by the converter by being connected to power grid, instead
Come over, when the battery of electric vehicle needs to be full of, electric energy can supply battery from power grid.V2G can be applied to it is any can net
The vehicle of network, because most automotive average has 95% time to be all at anchor, their battery can be by electric energy streams
To power grid.
Electric vehicle V2G converters for realizing electric vehicle V2G functions, when network load is relatively low, electric vehicle
The electric power of surplus is absorbed for charging from power grid；When network load is higher, electric vehicle can be used as energy storage source to power grid feedback
Electric power allows electric vehicle to participate in the peak load shifting of power grid with this, and power battery can be used as power grid in future and distribution
The energy storage buffer link of power generation, and user can also utilize the electricity price difference of different periods to get a profit.V2G converters are typically used for vehicle
Charger or electric automobile charging pile are carried, different main circuit topologies may be used.The research of V2G converters at present is mainly full
Demand of the foot to battery charging and discharging realizes that the bi-directional of active power, only a few studies can realize reactive-load compensation, ensures to become
Parallel operation operates under High Power Factor state.But existing V2G devices can not achieve the control of reactive power, can not achieve change
The four quadrant running and regulation power factor of parallel operation power.
Research for electric vehicle V2G devices, recent domestic have a large amount of document to carry out corresponding research.Example
Such as, master's thesis in 2015 of Harbin Institute of Technology, it is entitled《Electric vehicle V2G vehicular bidirectional chargers are ground
Study carefully》, inquired into, and be directed to small-power vehicular converter, selected single-phase for the common circuit type of V2G converters
The two-stage type structure that PWM rectification circuits and double active bridge DC/DC circuits are constituted, has effective electrical isolation, and for humorous
Wave inhibits and control strategy has been formulated in PFC, but there is no ground to the reactive power regulatory function expansion of converter
Study carefully, only there is no-power compensation function.
The patent of Patent No. CN106208141A carries in " a kind of V2G charge and discharge devices with no-power compensation function "
A kind of circuit structure of V2G charge and discharge devices has been supplied, and has provided corresponding power distribution circuit, protection circuit and controller.
It is low also for efficiency, harmonic wave is high and lacks necessary protection etc. while realizing Bidirectional charging-discharging function between electric vehicle and power grid
Defect reduces harmonic wave by LCL filter circuits, and so that converter is had no-power compensation function, Ke Yiti by main circuit control
The power factor of high system.But the device also only has the function of PFC, can not control the idle of converter
Power transmission.
Fig. 1 is a kind of existing topological schematic diagram of electric vehicle V2G converters, and said program is for V2G converters
Functional Design demand proposes different solutions, but all has certain limitation.The two-way of active power can only be controlled
Transmission, but reactive power transmitted in both directions cannot be controlled, only have the function of reactive-load compensation and PFC, cannot meet
The demand of realization V2G converters four quadrant running, reactive power transmitted in both directions and regulation power factor.
Invention content
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of electric vehicle V2G inverter control methods, this
Invention can control the reactive power transmitted in both directions of V2G converters so that V2G converters can on the basis of existing V2G functions
To absorb the extra reactive power of power grid or compensating power vacancy, to regulating power factor, power four-quadrant is realized
Limit operation.
The present invention uses following technical solution：
A kind of electric vehicle V2G inverter control methods, the V2G converters are become using the prime AC/DC being connected with each other
Parallel operation and rear class DC/DC converters, method include following procedure：
The three-phase voltage and three-phase current for acquiring grid side, direct current quadrature axis component v is converted to through coordinateq、iqAnd direct-axis component
vd、id, d, q correspond respectively to the reactive component and active component of phase current；
Acquire the first capacitance both end voltage Vdc, setting reference voltage Vdc *, first it is based on outer voltage and feeds back, is based on electric current afterwards
Inner loop feedback uses above-mentioned Vdc、Vdc *With the direct current quadrature axis component vq、iqModulated signal is obtained, the modulated signal is for generating
The switching tube drive signal of prime AC/DC converters；The first active power reference value is set, according to the first active power reference value
Obtain reference voltage Vba *Or reference current Iba *, acquire the second capacitance both end voltage VbaOr electric current Iba, fed back based on voltage close loop
Or current closed-loop feedback uses above-mentioned Vba *、VbaOr Iba *、IbaModulated signal is obtained, the modulated signal is for generating rear class DC/DC
The switching tube drive signal of converter；The above process is for realizing the forward direction transmission of active power, i.e. electric automobile power battery
Constant current-constant-voltage charge process and realize the big minor adjustment of positive active power；
According to instantaneous power theory, the second active power reference value is set, it is active using second based on current inner loop feedback
Value and power reference, the direct current quadrature axis component vq、iqModulated signal is obtained, the modulated signal is for generating prime AC/DC converters
Switching tube drive signal；Acquire the first capacitance both end voltage Vdc, setting reference voltage Vdc *, used based on voltage close loop feedback
Above-mentioned Vdc *And VdcModulated signal is obtained, which is used to generate the switching tube drive signal of rear class DC/DC converters；On
Process is stated for realizing the reverse transfer of active power, i.e. the V2G processes of electric automobile power battery and realization is reversed active
The big minor adjustment of power；
Further, according to the following formula in instantaneous power theory, the second active power reference value, then divided by power grid electricity are set
Pressure q axis components beQ axis inner ring current reference values can be obtained, through with the direct current direct-axis component iqAfter comparing, input is adjusted
Device, then based on current inner loop feedback and vqObtain modulated signal.
Wherein p is active power, and q is reactive power.
According to instantaneous power theory, reactive power reference qref is set, the direct current quadrature axis is used based on current inner loop feedback
Component vq, direct current direct-axis component vd、idModulated signal is obtained, which is used to generate the switching tube of prime AC/DC converters
Drive signal；Size by changing the reactive power reference qref realizes the big minor adjustment of reactive power, described in change
The transmission direction of the positive and negative realization reactive power of reactive power reference qref is adjusted.
Further, according to the following formula in instantaneous power theory, reactive power reference qref, then divided by network voltage q are set
Axis component isD axis inner ring current reference values can be obtained, through with the direct current direct-axis component idAfter comparing, input regulator,
It is based on current inner loop feedback and v againdObtain modulated signal.
Wherein p is active power, and q is reactive power.
Further, in the transmission process of the two-way active power and reactive power, to direct current quadrature axis component iqWith
Direct current direct-axis component idCarry out it is decoupling, and will be decoupling after output be superimposed to current inner loop feed back for eliminating active component
Coupled Disturbances between reactive component.
Further, the uncoupled method is：To direct current quadrature axis component iqWith direct current direct-axis component idBe multiplied by one with
The related proportionality coefficient ω L of inductance value of the inductance unit.
Active power forward direction transmit when, it is described it is decoupling after output be superimposed to current inner loop feed back physical relationship be：
Wherein vqre、vdreFor the output of current inner loop feedback, vq *And vd *For the intermediate quantity of current inner loop feedback.
Active power negative sense transmit when, it is described it is decoupling after output be superimposed to current inner loop feed back physical relationship be：
Wherein vqre、vdreFor the output of current inner loop feedback, vq *And vd *For the intermediate quantity of current inner loop feedback.
Further, the specific method of coordinate conversion is：Power grid fundamental wave phase angle theta or frequency f are obtained using phaselocked loop, passed through
Become the change commanders three-phase voltage and three-phase current of grid side under three-phase symmetrical rest frame be transformed into it is synchronous with power grid fundamental frequency f
Rotating coordinate system, rotating coordinate system has d axis and q axis, wherein q axis and power grid electromotive force same-phase.
Further, when active power forward direction is transmitted, the second capacitance both end voltage V is detectedbaOr battery pack SOC, and will
VbaOr battery pack SOC switches according to comparison result compared with setting critical value and selects rear class DC/DC converters to electric vehicle
Power battery carries out constant-current charge or constant-voltage charge.
When active power forward direction is transmitted, the second capacitance both end voltage V is acquiredba, with reference voltage Vba *Compare, after the adjustment
Device exports to obtain leading phase angleTo make port export constant voltage；Or the electric current I of the second capacitance of acquisitionba, with reference electricity
Flow Iba *Compare, device exports leading phase angle after the adjustmentConstant current is exported so as to control port；It is dynamic by detecting electric vehicle
The SOC or terminal voltage V of power batterybaRealize the switching of charging modes；As terminal voltage VbaOr SOC be less than a certain critical value when, detection
Device output 1, carries out constant-current charge；When more than the critical value, detector output 0 switches to constant-voltage charge.
Further, method of the modulated signal for generating prime AC/DC converter switches pipe drive signals is：Base
It is converted into three phase sine modulating wave through coordinate inverse transformation in the output of current inner loop feedback, with triangular carrier more afterwards through SPWM tune
The drive signal of each bridge arm switching tube is made.
Further, method of the modulated signal for generating rear class DC/DC converter switches pipe drive signals is：Base
The modulating wave containing phase shifting angle is obtained after single phase shift modulation in the output of current closed-loop feedback or voltage close loop feedback, using
PWM modulation relatively obtains the drive signal of each bridge arm switching tube with triangular carrier.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
(1) V2G converters of the invention are not only V2G charge-discharge machines, are also used as reacance generator, adjust converter
Power factor；Realize transmission control of the V2G converters in power four-quadrant.
(2) this two-stage type circuit structure of the invention, may be implemented the electrical isolation of grid side and battery side, and fit
For large-power occasions such as electric vehicle V2G charging piles.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of existing topological schematic diagram of electric vehicle V2G converters；
Fig. 2 is the control block diagram under prime AC/DC converter rectification states；
Fig. 3 is the control block diagram under prime AC/DC converter inverter modes；
Fig. 4 is rear class DC/DC converter list phase shifting control waveforms；
Fig. 5 is rear class DC/DC converter constant voltage constant current charging control block diagrams.
Specific implementation mode：
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific implementation mode, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singulative
It is also intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or combination thereof.
As shown in Figure 1：The present invention is by two-layer configuration：The two-way AC/DC converters of prime and the two-way DC/DC converters group of rear class
At.Three-phase port is connected by prime AC/DC converters by filter inductance with power grid, using three-phase voltage type (Voltage
Source Converter, VSC) full bridge PWM converter, abc three-phases are each mutually one group of bridge arm, among every group of upper and lower bridge arm
It is connected with power grid three-phase by inductance, each bridge arm is all made of IGBT switching tubes；Rear class DC/DC converters are using double active active bridges
Formula converter (Dual Active Bridge, DAB), it includes four IGBT switching tubes which, which has two groups of H bridges, each H bridges,.
Coupled by intermediate high frequency transformer, primary side H bridges pass through a filter capacitor C1It is connected with front stage converter DC side, secondary side
H bridges pass through another filter capacitor C2Afterwards as the battery side ports being connected with electric automobile power battery.2 stage converter is by upper
Sequence is stated, is separately connected alternating current net side, DC side and battery side successively.Front stage converter is mainly used for controlling the two-way of net side
Active and reactive power transmission controls, and makes converter four quadrant running；Rear class converter is mainly used for controlling having for battery side
Work(power transfer realizes the electric discharge to battery and charge control.
The filtered inductance L of prime AC/DC converters is connected with power distribution network transformer low-voltage side, input virtual value 220V's
Three-phase alternating current, R are line equivalent resistance.Inductance L also has buck/boost other than it may be used as exchange side input filter
Property, isolation net side electromotive force and exchange side voltage maintain control system stabilization, allow V2G converter four quadrant runnings,
To which controllable V2G converters are idle or the effect of active power transmitted in both directions.When active power forward flow, i.e., power is by handing over
When flowing effluent to DC side, converter is run with rectification state, and boost circuits boosting characteristic is presented；When active power reverse flow
Dynamic, i.e., when power flows to exchange side by DC side, converter is run with inverter mode, and buck circuit dropping voltage characteristics are presented.
Rear class DC/DC converters are the DAB circuits of electromagnetic isolation.Both sides are symmetrical H bridges structure, and each H bridges have two groups
Bridge arm, each bridge arm is each there are one IGBT switching tubes up and down, is connected by high frequency transformer among bridge arm.LrFor series inductance with
The sum of transformer leakage inductance, for storing and transmitting energy.Transformer voltage ratio is n:1, different size electricity can be directed to by changing no-load voltage ratio n
The charging/discharging voltage of pond group ensures system voltage matching.Capacitance C2Shunt capacitance between main circuit and power battery, is used for
Stablize the DC voltage of battery side and filters out harmonic wave.
Wherein va、vb、vcFor net side electromotive force；ia、ib、icFor converter ac-side current；VdcFor AC/DC grades of DC side electricity
Primary side H bridge port voltages on the left of pressure namely DC/DC grades of transformers；VbaFor the secondary side H bridge port voltages on the right side of transformer,
It is battery both end voltage；ibaTo flow through the electric current of battery；vp、vsRespectively transformer primary secondary voltage, iLFor inductance LrElectricity
Stream.The flow direction of regulation forward power is to flow to battery side from grid side.
The V2G converters realize the electrical isolation of grid side and battery side, directly electric when avoiding to and fro flow of power
Gas contact brings unnecessary influence to power grid or battery.The circuit power density is big simultaneously, and transmission efficiency is high, is suitble to charging pile
Etc high-power applications occasion, Rational choice control mode may be implemented Sofe Switch, reduces switching loss.
Under V2G controller charge and discharge modes, control method is specific as follows：
Control for prime AC/DC converters：
The target of AC/DC converters is control grid side electric current and the active and reactive power exchange with net side.
When active power forward flow, control block diagram is as shown in Fig. 2, control circuit uses double-closed-loop control, outer voltage
Control DC side output voltage stabilization, current inner loop control exchange side input current size and phase.It is static by three-phase symmetrical
The coordinate transform of coordinate system abc to the rotating coordinate system dq synchronized with power grid fundamental frequency f, by collected grid side three-phase base
Wave sinusoidal variable voltage va、vb、vcWith electric current ia、ib、icBe converted to the quadrature axis component v of direct currentq、iqWith direct-axis component vd、id.It sits
The phase angle theta or frequency f that mark transformation needs are obtained by phaselocked loop, and phaselocked loop can make Current Voltage same-phase, and make q axis
With power grid electromotive force same-phase, to acquire in the dq components that θ is obtained, q axis corresponds to the active component of phase current, and d axis corresponds to
Reactive component, so as to independent control grid side active component and reactive component.The voltage V of DC side samplingdcWith reference electricity
Press Vdc *Compare and inputted as outer voltage, device PI exports to obtain q shaft current reference values i after the adjustmentq *, compared with q axis feedback currents
Obtain current inner loop input.Similarly, d shaft currents reference value id *With idValue of feedback relatively obtains the input of d shaft current inner ring, due to d
Axis is overlapped with reactive component, therefore refers to id *=0 can finally control converter reactive power close to 0, power factor 1, from
And active power is transmitted only to battery charging and discharging when can ensure V2G patterns.Feedforward Decoupling link for eliminate d in electric current loop,
There is coupling in q shaft current variables, d, q shaft current of sampling are multiplied by a proportionality coefficient ω L related with inductance value, for folding
It is added to electric current loop output, to reduce the influence of the Coupled Disturbances in controller design.D, q shaft currents inner ring is symmetrical, adjusts
The output v of deviceq、vdIt is compensated with the ac-dc axis current feed-forward after decoupling and the electric voltage feed forward of power grid electromotive force disturbance quantity under d, q axis
It sums in the following relationship：
Obtain current inner loop output vqre、vdre, it is converted into three phase sine modulating wave through coordinate inverse transformation, with triangular carrier ratio
Compared with modulating to obtain the drive signal of each bridge arm switching tube through SPWM.It is complementary by switching tube above and below bipolarity pwm signal driving bridge arm
Conducting.
When active power reverse flow, control block diagram such as Fig. 3.Due to inverter direct grid-connected, outlet side three intersects
Galvanic electricity pressure is automatically and synchronized, it is no longer necessary to be controlled, so control can omit outer voltage, it is only necessary to current inner loop,
Control ac-side current.Its sample and coordinate transform, inner ring controller structure and inner ring output after SPWM waves generate process with
It is positive similar.And current closed-loop exports vqre、vdreThe feedback summation relational expression of satisfaction is slightly different, such as following formula：
Control for rear class DC/DC converters：
Its target is to control power battery different charging modes and discharge process, realizes the active transmission between battery.
Single phase shifting control lower switch signal that DAB circuits use is as shown in Figure 4.Switching tube on each H bridges is by duty
Than the square-wave signal driving for 0.5, switching signal is complementary up and down for each bridge arm, and adjacent bridge arm switch pipe is connected in turn.Single phase shift is logical
It crosses and introduces phase shifting angle between the square-wave signal of both sides H bridgesTransformer primary pair side both sides voltage is set to generate phase angle difference, therefore can be with
Change inductance LrOn voltage and current, to realize transmit power control.When primary side H bridge phase angular advance pairs side H bridge phase angles
WhenPower is transmitted from high frequency transformer primary side to secondary side forward direction；When primary side H bridge phase delay pairs side H bridge phase anglesPower is from high frequency transformer pair side to primary side back transfer.Phase angleBy PWM modulation compared with triangular carrier, obtain
Control the drive signal of each switching tube.When V2G converters work in the present invention, it should ensure that port voltage matches as possible, i.e., it is high
Frequency power transformer both sides voltage meets vp=nvs,vpFor high frequency transformer original edge voltage, vsFor high frequency transformer secondary voltage.
In order to stablize the voltage or electric current of outlet side while with reference to phase shifting angle, the present embodiment is adjusted using closed loop feedback
Device automatically adjusts suitable phase angle.
When power forward flow, need to give battery elder generation constant current constant-voltage charge again, as shown in Figure 5.Acquire high frequency transformer
Secondary side battery terminal voltage Vba, with reference voltage primary side Vba *Compare, device exports to obtain leading phase angle after the adjustmentTo keep port defeated
Go out constant voltage；Or acquisition battery side electric current Iba, with reference current Iba *Compare, device exports leading phase angle after the adjustmentTo
Controllable port exports constant current.By the SOC or terminal voltage V that detect batterybaRealize the switching of charging modes.When voltage or
When SOC is less than a certain critical value, detector output 1 carries out constant-current charge；When more than the critical value, detector output 0 is cut
Shift to constant-voltage charge.
When power reverse flow, feedback voltage takes transformer primary side DC capacitor C1Both end voltage Vdc, with reference value Vdc *
Compare device lag output phase angle after the adjustmentFor stable DC side voltage when to battery discharge.
Transmitted in both directions control for reactive power：
According to above-mentioned analysis, the control watt current and reactive current that q, d axis can be independently, therefore in exchange side electricity
When pressure is with synchronized, so that it may to pass through id、iqActive power and reactive power are controlled respectively.Thus introduce PQ control and it is idle
Power control, as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3.
According to instantaneous power theory, in the Park Transformation of abc to dq0, it is equidirectional i.e. with network voltage vector to choose q axis
By phaselocked loop so that rotating coordinate system angular speed is equal to network voltage frequency, network voltage initial phase angle is equal to rotating coordinate system
Q axis initial phase angles, so that it may to obtain the active power simplified under dq0 coordinate systems and reactive power calculating formula：
According to formula (3), when active power reverse flow, passes through and introduce PQ controls before AC/DC inverter modes and realize.PQ is controlled
The P of system calculates link, by reference to the active command signal P for needing to be conveyed to power gridref, then divided by network voltage q axis components beQ axis inner ring current reference values can be obtained, to control size of current when electric discharge, to control active power.Power is just
To when flowing, AC/DC does not need P controls, and adjustings of active power size has electric current when DAB chargings and voltage to complete, and refers to
The active power of charging instructs PrefDivided by port voltage (or electric current) sampled value, so that it may when obtaining constant current (or constant pressure) charging
Charging current (voltage), to realize active power controller when charging.
Also according to the computational methods of formula (3), the control of reactive power can be controlled by PQ in Q calculate link or
Person's Reactive Power Control is completed.With reference to the reference value Q of power system reactive power demandref, divided byObtain circular current in d axis
Reference value, so as to control the size of current and phase of exchange side, you can with by reference to QrefSize and positive and negative, realize
Reactive power size and transmission direction are directly controlled.It, can be with as a result of coordinate transform and Feedforward Decoupling in the present invention
To d, q shaft current independent control, active power and reactive power can individually be controlled.So the nothing under AC/DC rectification states
Q controls under work(power control and inverter mode are consistent, and also illustrate no matter battery set charge/discharge makes converter be operated in
Under which kind of forward and reverse state, reactive power two-way flow can be controlled, converter can absorb the reactive power of power grid surplus
Also or the reactive power lost is compensated.In short, converter can be with four quadrant running, being operated in meet under different V2G patterns has
While work(power bi-directional transmission requirement, while realizing that reacance generator function meets the requirement of two-way idle transmission.
In summary：AC/DC converters contain coordinate using the voltage and current double closed-loop feedback based on Direct Current Control
Transform part and Feedforward Decoupling link.Simultaneously introduce PQ controlling units, by power instruction signal directly control active power and
Reactive power.The signal of double-closed-loop control device output is modulated by SPWM, obtains the PWM wave signal of control switching tube break-make.Have
When work(power forward direction is transmitted, converter is operated in rectification state and charges for battery, and outer voltage is used for stable DC side voltage, electricity
Stream inner ring is used for controlling ac-side current.When active power reverse flow, converter is operated in inverter mode and passes discharge energy
Power grid is passed, due to inverter direct grid-connected, Voltage loop can be omitted, only pass through current loop control ac-side current.Due to
By coordinate transform, it can be achieved that active and reactive current independent control, therefore no matter converter is operated in rectification or inversion
State, can independent control reactive power size and flow direction, so as to absorb reactive power or the compensation of power grid surplus
The reactive power of loss.
DC/DC converters are all made of bipolar modulation, modulated PWM square waves control using single phase shifting control, each group of H bridge
Switching tube break-make processed.There is phase shifting angle between the H bridge square-wave signals of both sides, forward and reverse biography of active power can be controlled by changing phase shifting angle
It passs.Feedback input signal of the voltage and current signal of battery side ports as voltage and current closed loop when power forward direction is transmitted, is used
Constant pressure or constant current are exported in control port, by detecting battery charge state (State Of Charge, SOC) or terminal voltage
Charge mode switching is controlled, the first constant current of battery constant-voltage charge again may be implemented.When power back transfer, DC side port voltage
Signal input voltage closed loop, direct current when being used for stable discharging survey voltage.The output signal of current and voltage feedback adjuster is not
With the phase shifting angle of value.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiments of the application, are not intended to limit this application, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the application can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles of this application, any made by repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the protection domain of the application.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of control method of electric vehicle V2G converters, which is characterized in that including：
The three-phase voltage and three-phase current for acquiring grid side, direct current quadrature axis component v is converted to through coordinateq、iqWith direct-axis component vd、
id, d, q correspond respectively to the reactive component and active component of phase current；
Acquire the first capacitance both end voltage Vdc, setting reference voltage Vdc *, first it is based on outer voltage and feeds back, is based on current inner loop afterwards
Feedback uses above-mentioned Vdc、Vdc *With the direct current quadrature axis component vq、iqModulated signal is obtained, the modulated signal is for generating prime
The switching tube drive signal of AC/DC converters；The first active power reference value is set, is obtained according to the first active power reference value
Reference voltage Vba *Or reference current Iba *, acquire the second capacitance both end voltage VbaOr electric current Iba, based on voltage close loop feedback or electricity
It flows closed loop feedback and uses above-mentioned Vba *、VbaOr Iba *、IbaModulated signal is obtained, the modulated signal is for generating rear class DC/DC transformation
The switching tube drive signal of device；The above process is for realizing the forward direction transmission of active power, the i.e. perseverance of electric automobile power battery
Stream-constant-voltage charge process and the big minor adjustment for realizing positive active power；
According to instantaneous power theory, the second active power reference value is set, the second active power is used based on current inner loop feedback
Reference value, the direct current quadrature axis component vq、iqModulated signal is obtained, the modulated signal is for generating opening for prime AC/DC converters
Close pipe drive signal；Acquire the first capacitance both end voltage Vdc, setting reference voltage Vdc *, based on voltage close loop feedback using above-mentioned
Vdc *And VdcModulated signal is obtained, which is used to generate the switching tube drive signal of rear class DC/DC converters；Above-mentioned mistake
Journey is for realizing the reverse transfer of active power, i.e. the V2G processes of electric automobile power battery and the reversed active power of realization
Big minor adjustment；
According to instantaneous power theory, reactive power reference qref is set, the direct current quadrature axis component is used based on current inner loop feedback
vq, direct current direct-axis component vd、idModulated signal is obtained, which is used to generate the switching tube driving of prime AC/DC converters
Signal；Size by changing the reactive power reference qref realizes the big minor adjustment of reactive power, described idle by changing
The transmission direction of the positive and negative realization reactive power of value and power reference is adjusted.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：In being transmitted across for the two-way active power and reactive power
Cheng Zhong, to direct current quadrature axis component iqWith direct current direct-axis component idCarry out it is decoupling, and will be decoupling after output be superimposed in electric current
Ring is fed back for eliminating the Coupled Disturbances between active component and reactive component.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Coordinate conversion specific method be：It is obtained using phaselocked loop
Power grid fundamental wave phase angle theta or frequency f, by the three-phase voltage and three-phase current that become grid side under three-phase symmetrical rest frame of changing commanders
It is transformed into the rotating coordinate system synchronous with power grid fundamental frequency f, rotating coordinate system has d axis and q axis, wherein q axis and power grid electricity
Kinetic potential same-phase.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：When active power forward direction is transmitted, the second capacitance two is detected
Terminal voltage VbaOr battery pack SOC, and by VbaOr battery pack SOC switches and is selected according to comparison result compared with setting critical value
Rear class DC/DC converters carry out constant-current charge or constant-voltage charge to electric automobile power battery.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The modulated signal is for generating prime AC/DC converters
The method of switching tube drive signal is：Output based on current inner loop feedback is converted into three phase sine modulation through coordinate inverse transformation
Wave is modulated to obtain the drive signal of each bridge arm switching tube more afterwards through SPWM with triangular carrier.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The modulated signal is for generating rear class DC/DC converters
The method of switching tube drive signal is：Output based on current closed-loop feedback or voltage close loop feedback obtains after single phase shift modulation
Modulating wave containing phase shifting angle relatively obtains the drive signal of each bridge arm switching tube using PWM modulation and triangular carrier.
7. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：According to the following formula in instantaneous power theory, setting second has
Work(value and power reference, then divided by network voltage q axis components beQ axis inner ring current reference values can be obtained, through with the direct current
Direct-axis component iqAfter comparing, input regulator, then based on current inner loop feedback and vqObtain modulated signal.
Wherein p is active power, and q is reactive power.
8. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：According to the following formula in instantaneous power theory, idle work(is set
Rate reference value, then divided by network voltage q axis components beD axis inner ring current reference values can be obtained, through with the direct current d-axis
Component idAfter comparing, input regulator, then based on current inner loop feedback and vdObtain modulated signal.
Wherein p is active power, and q is reactive power.
9. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that：The uncoupled method is：To direct current quadrature axis component iq
It is multiplied by the filter of proportionality coefficient ω L, wherein L between prime AC/DC converters and three phase network with direct current direct-axis component id
Wave inductance value.
10. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized in that：Active power forward direction transmit when, it is described it is decoupling after it is defeated
Going out to be superimposed to the physical relationship that current inner loop is fed back is：
Wherein vqre、vdreFor the output of current inner loop feedback, vq *And vd *For the intermediate quantity of current inner loop feedback.
Active power negative sense transmit when, it is described it is decoupling after output be superimposed to current inner loop feed back physical relationship be：
Wherein vqre、vdreFor the output of current inner loop feedback, vq *And vd *For the intermediate quantity of current inner loop feedback.
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