CN108664699A - A kind of residual exploiting field Upward mining feasibility determination method of tool post of quiet disturbance load - Google Patents
A kind of residual exploiting field Upward mining feasibility determination method of tool post of quiet disturbance load Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of residual exploiting field Upward mining feasibility determination methods of tool post of quiet disturbance load, belong to technical field of coal exploitation.The residual exploiting field of tool post is found out first and leaves the distributing position in coal seam, obtains rock stratum composition, structure and the physical and mechanical parameter situation of interlayer rock stratum, and to interlayer rock stratum universal formulation and number from the bottom to top；Then the position for determining control rock stratum calculates separately support pressure and leaves coal column by acting on the residual exploiting field of tool post after propagation attenuation and control the disturbing load size on rock stratum；Finally consider that the effect of quiet disturbance load, the residual exploiting field of analysis tool post leave coal column and control the stability of rock stratum, obtains the feasible sex determination result of the residual exploiting field Upward mining of tool post.The situation that the present invention avoids empirical approach error larger provides theoretical foundation for the residual coal safe working of the residual exploiting field uplink of tool post, improves the rate of recovery of the residual exploiting field top coal resources of tool post, effectively extends the length of service of mine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of coal exploitation, and in particular to a kind of residual exploiting field Upward mining of tool post of quiet disturbance load
Feasibility determination method.
Background technology
With the increase of coal mining intensity, many preferable coal resources of mining area exploitation condition gradually decrease.Residual exploiting field
The reserves that coal seam is left on top are considerable, have good extraction value, safe working problem increasingly prominent.
The determination method of existing residual exploiting field Upward mining mainly uses for reference the method for discrimination for being caving uplink order mining, i.e. ratio
Diagnostic method, " three bands " diagnostic method and country rock balancing method.These determination methods are substantially around interlamellar spacing and adopt thick progress, main
It has the following problems：
(1) above method is not suitable for the judgement of the residual exploiting field Upward mining of tool post, and only rests on qualitative experience level,
The requirement of production practices cannot be met；
(2) coal column and layer are not all left in the residual exploiting field of tool post by the residual exploiting field Upward mining feasibility determination method of existing tool post
Between rock stratum carry out stability study as system, and do not provide the quantitative judgement formula of stability；
(3) existing determination method does not account for top and leaves the disturbing load generated when seam mining to tool post residual exploiting field something lost
Stay the effect of coal column and interlayer rock stratum system, and disturbing load be an important factor for causing coal column and interlayer rock stratum system unstability it
One.
In addition, in existing mine, it is loose, broken, unstable with rock stratum that roof is left on the residual exploiting field top that has
The characteristics of, its top plate is with adopting with falling and be compacted the residual exploiting field almost restored to the stress of primary rock, and had again when leaving seam mining
Roof Rock Strata of Coal Seam is left in based on hard, competent bed in top, its top plate is not easy across falling when leaving seam mining, and different is residual
Exploiting field have the characteristics that it is different, exploitation difficulty must not make sweeping generalizations；Moreover, control rock stratum on disturbing load active width with
The relationship of the hanging span in interlayer rock stratum between two layers of coal also contributes to the safety of coal mining.Therefore, it is badly in need of proposing a kind of
With more the residual exploiting field Upward mining feasibility determination method of tool post of safety and practical application.
Invention content
The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, in order to avoid the situation that empirical method error is larger, fully considers
The effect of coal column and interlayer rock stratum system is left tool post residual exploiting field in quiet disturbance load, and technical problem to be solved is：It carries
For a kind of residual exploiting field Upward mining feasibility determination method of tool post suitable for quiet disturbance load, to improve mining feasibility judgement
Accuracy.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of tool post of quiet disturbance load is residual to be adopted
Area's Upward mining feasibility determination method, includes the following steps：
S1, according to mine shaft geology data and exploitation data, find out and the residual exploiting field of tool post and leave the distributing position in coal seam, draw
It the residual exploiting field of tool post and leaves coal seam distributional pattern figure, and determines that mine operating mode belongs to quiet disturbance loading type；
S2, rock stratum composition, structure and the physical and mechanical parameter situation for determining interlayer rock stratum, and from the bottom to top to interlayer rock stratum
Universal formulation and number；
S3, according to the thickness h of pressure observation data and rock stratum composition, strata structure and the i-th rock stratumi, unit weight γi, springform
Measure Ei, the position of judgement control rock stratum；
S4, the support pressure that is generated when leaving seam mining is calculated separately to act on tool post after decaying residual by transmitting
It leaves the disturbing load size on coal column and acts on the disturbing load size on control rock stratum in exploiting field；
S5, pass through formulaQuiet disturbance loading effect is calculated to cut
Leave the vertical stress maximum value σ suffered by coal column in the residual exploiting field of columnM, max, wherein qmIt indicates because of the residual exploiting field overlying rock dead weight of tool post
And the uniform load formed；lxIndicate the hanging span in interlayer rock stratum；bmIndicate that coal pillar width is left in the residual exploiting field of tool post；It indicates to lose
The support pressure generated when seam mining is stayed to act on the residual exploiting field of tool post by transmitting after decaying and leave disturbance on coal column
Load；l1Indicate disturbing loadActive width；Then the vertical of the coal column of scaled down is measured with servo-pressing machine to face
Boundary destroys compression stress otm,c, compare σm,maxWith σm,cNumerical values recited, if σm,max≥σm,c, then coal column unstability, judges that tool post is residual and adopts
It leaves on top coal seam and can not adopt in area；If σm,max＜ σm,c, then coal column stabilization, continues step S6；
S6, pass through formulaIt calculates and controls maximum suffered by rock stratum draw under quiet disturbance loading effect
Stress σk,maxValue, wherein qkIndicate the uniform load formed because controlling the dead weight of rock stratum overlying rock, including control rock stratum is certainly
Weight；Indicate to leave the support pressure generated when seam mining in the disturbance acted on later on control rock stratum by transmitting decaying
Load；K indicates that the number of control rock stratum, n indicate the number of plies of interlayer rock stratum,It indicates from control rock stratum to the height for leaving coal seam
Degree；Then control rock stratum tensile strength sigma is determinedk,tValue, compare σk,maxWith σk,tNumerical values recited, if σk,max≥σk,t, then control
Rock stratum unstability processed, coal seam is left on the residual exploiting field top of judgement tool post to adopt；If σk,max＜ σk,t, then control rock stratum and keep stablizing, sentence
Being set to can adopt.
In the step S2, rock stratum composition, the structure that interlayer rock stratum is obtained with the method for boring and coring are pried through by drilling
And physical and mechanical parameter situation.
In the step S3, the judgement formula for controlling rock stratum is：
Meet the kth rock stratum of above formula rock stratum in order to control, in formula, k=j+1；K, j indicate rock stratum number.
In the step S4, the calculation formula of disturbing load size is：
In formula, γ indicates to leave the volume-weighted average of Strata Overlying The Seam；H indicates to leave the thickness of Strata Overlying The Seam；x0
The length of seam mining work rock pressure is left in expression；l0Indicate the width of support pressure；kiIndicate load concentration factor；z
Indicate the depth that disturbing load transmits.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art：
(1) determination method provided by the invention suitable for the residual exploiting field Upward mining of tool post, fully considers that coal is left on top
The disturbing load generated when layer exploitation leaves tool post residual exploiting field the effect of coal column and interlayer rock stratum system, and it is feasible to give exploitation
Property quantitative judgement formula, and effectively avoid the decision errors of empirical approach, improve the accuracy of mining feasibility judgement；
(2) practical application of the invention can improve the rate of recovery of the residual exploiting field top coal resources of tool post, economize on resources, have
Effect extends the length of service of mine.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the residual exploiting field of tool post and leaves the distributional pattern figure in coal seam；
Fig. 2 is a kind of stream of the residual exploiting field Upward mining feasibility determination method of tool post of quiet disturbance load proposed by the present invention
Cheng Tu；
Fig. 3 is that the most easy unstability state model figure of coal column is left in the residual exploiting field of tool post under quiet disturbance loading effect；
Fig. 4 is that the most easy unstability state model figure in rock stratum is controlled under quiet disturbance loading effect；
Fig. 5 is certain coal mine distribution of strata aspect graph used in the embodiment of the present invention；
In figure：Leave coal column in the residual exploiting field of A-tool post；B-tool post goaf；C-leaves coal seam；D-interlayer rock stratum；E—
Leave Strata Overlying The Seam and topsoil.
Specific implementation mode
It in order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention
Technical solution be clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment be the present invention a part of the embodiment, without
It is whole embodiment；Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not before making creative work
The every other embodiment obtained is put, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, for the residual exploiting field of tool post and the distributional pattern figure for leaving coal seam, wherein A indicates that the residual exploiting field of tool post is left
Coal column；B indicates tool post goaf；Coal seam is left in C expressions；D indicates interlayer rock stratum；Strata Overlying The Seam and table soil are left in E expressions
Layer.
The present invention provides it is a kind of it is quiet disturbance load the residual exploiting field Upward mining feasibility determination method of tool post, it is suitable for
The mine operating mode of quiet disturbance load.Its qualifications is：It is loose, broken, unstable to leave Roof Rock Strata of Coal Seam, leaves coal seam and opens
Its top plate is with adopting with falling and be compacted almost restore to the stress of primary rock again when adopting；Control the disturbing load active width on rock stratum
More than or equal to the hanging span in interlayer rock stratum, the movement of disturbing load does not have an impact the judgement result for controlling rock stratum stability.
In addition, the determination method of the present invention is only applicable to the mine that mine coal seam is flat seam.
As shown in Fig. 2, the residual exploiting field Upward mining feasibility determination method of tool post of the quiet disturbance load of the present invention specifically walks
Suddenly include：
S1, according to mine shaft geology data and exploitation data, find out and the residual exploiting field of tool post and leave the distributing position in coal seam, draw
It the residual exploiting field of tool post as shown in Figure 1 and leaves coal seam distributional pattern figure, and determines that mine operating mode belongs to quiet disturbance loading type, i.e.,
It is loose, broken, unstable to leave Roof Rock Strata of Coal Seam, its top plate is with adopting with falling and be compacted almost restore to original again when exploitation
Rock stress, and control the disturbing load active width on rock stratum and be more than or equal to the hanging span in interlayer rock stratum.
S2, the method with boring and coring is pried through by drilling, determines rock stratum composition, structure and the physical mechanics of interlayer rock stratum
Parameter situation, and to interlayer rock stratum universal formulation and number from the bottom to top.
S3, according to the thickness h of pressure observation data and rock stratum composition, strata structure and the i-th rock stratumi, unit weight γi, springform
Measure Ei, the position of judgement control rock stratum.
Wherein, the judgement formula for controlling rock stratum is：
Meet the kth rock stratum of above formula (1) rock stratum in order to control, in formula, k=j+1；K, j indicate rock stratum number.
S4, the support pressure that is generated when leaving seam mining is calculated separately to act on tool post after decaying residual by transmitting
Leave the disturbing load on coal column in exploiting fieldValue and act on control rock stratum on disturbing loadValue；Wherein, disturbance carries
The calculation formula of lotus is：
In formula (2), γ indicates to leave the volume-weighted average of Strata Overlying The Seam；H indicates to leave the thickness of Strata Overlying The Seam；
x0The length of seam mining work rock pressure is left in expression；l0The width of seam mining work rock pressure is left in expression；
kiIndicate load concentration factor；Z indicates the depth that disturbing load transmits.Coal column z corresponding with control rock stratum will be left and substitute into formula
(2), then it can calculate separately to obtainWithValue.
S5, the stability of coal column under quiet disturbance loading effect is analyzed.It calculates first under quiet disturbance loading effect
Leave the vertical stress maximum value σ suffered by coal column in the residual exploiting field of tool postM, max, the coal of scaled down is then measured with servo-pressing machine
The vertical critical slope langth compression stress ot of columnm,c, compare σm,maxWith σm,cNumerical values recited, if σm,max≥σm,c, then coal column unstability, sentences
Coal seam is left on the residual exploiting field top of stationary knife column to adopt；If σm,max＜ σm,c, then coal column stabilization, continues step S6.
In order to determine, vertical stress maximum value σ suffered by coal column is left in the residual exploiting field of tool post under quiet disturbance loading effectM, max's
Calculation formula, leaves coal column by the residual exploiting field of tool post and is reduced to fixed-hinged support, and the interlayer rock stratum between two layers of coal is reduced to beam,
The mechanics simplified model that the most easy instability status of coal column is left in the residual exploiting field of tool post under quiet disturbance loading effect is obtained, as shown in Figure 3.Mould
In type, qmIndicate the uniform load formed by the residual exploiting field overlying rock dead weight of tool post；lxIndicate the hanging span in interlayer rock stratum；bm
Indicate that coal pillar width is left in the residual exploiting field of tool post；Indicate to leave the support pressure generated when seam mining by transmitting decaying
The residual exploiting field of tool post is acted on afterwards leaves disturbing load on coal column；l1Indicate disturbing loadActive width.Bearing 2 in model
The vertical pressure that (coal column) is born is maximum, is that model is divided into left and right two parts by boundary with bearing 2, if bearing 2 is in left-half
In the pressure born be Fm1, according to torque equilibrium equation (∑ M2(F)=0 it), can obtain：
It can be obtained by formula (3),What if bearing 2 was born in right half part
Pressure is Fm2, because model is symmetrical structure in Fig. 3, therefore the pressure that bearing 2 is born in the two parts of left and right is identical, i.e. Fm2
=Fm1.Finally, the vertical pressure that bearing 2 is born is：FM, max=Fm2+Fm1, it is known that the width b of coal columnm, byDerive σM, maxCalculation formula be：
S6, the stability of control rock stratum under quiet disturbance loading effect is analyzed.Quiet disturbance load is calculated first to make
The maximum tension stress σ suffered by lower control rock stratumk,maxValue, then determine control rock stratum tensile strength sigmak,tValue, wherein control
Rock stratum tensile strength sigmak,tValue can also can directly be searched from mine data by being measured with Brazilian diametral compression test；
Finally compare σk,maxWith σk,tNumerical values recited, if σk,max≥σk,t, then rock stratum unstability is controlled, the residual exploiting field top of judgement tool post is lost
Stay coal seam that can not adopt；If σk,max＜ σk,t, then control rock stratum and keep stablizing, be judged to adopt.
Maximum tension stress σ suffered by rock stratum is controlled under quiet disturbance loading effect in order to determinek,maxCalculation formula, coal will be left
The composite structure of column and interlayer rock stratum is reduced to simple beam structure, obtains controlling the most easy unstability shape in rock stratum under quiet disturbance loading effect
The mechanics simplified model of state, as shown in Figure 4.In model, qkIndicate the uniformly distributed load formed because controlling the dead weight of rock stratum overlying rock
Lotus, including the dead weight of control rock stratum；Indicate that leave the support pressure generated when seam mining acts on later by transmitting decaying
Disturbing load on control rock stratum；It indicates from control rock stratum to the height for leaving coal seam.Because model is symmetrical junction in Fig. 4
Structure, therefore the end reaction of bearing 1 and bearing 2 isIt is maximum to control moment of flexure at the span centre of rock stratum, thus it is maximum curved
SquareFor a height ofWidth is the rectangular section of unit width, bending resistant section system
NumberThen according to the calculation formula of Beam in Transverse Bending section maximum (normal) stress：It can derive
Go out and controls maximum tension stress σ suffered by rock stratum under quiet disturbance loading effectk,maxCalculation formula be：
Below by taking certain coal mine as an example, illustrate the specific implementation mode of the present invention.
Certain coal mine is the typical old mine of resource scarcity type, and mining area minable coal seam is 2 layers, respectively No. 7, No. 8 coal seams, coal seam
Inclination angle is 1~6 degree, belongs to flat seam.No. 7 Roof Rock Strata of Coal Seam are loose, broken, unstable；No. 8 Roof Rock Strata of Coal Seam with
In based on hard, competent bed.The last century Mo coal mine spans No. 7 coal seams, has preferentially exploited No. 8 coal seams using tool post method.This
Sample, No. 7 coal seams just become leaves coal seam above the residual exploiting field of tool post.Since No. 7 coal seam reserves are considerable, No. 7 coal seams
Exploitation can improve the recovery ratio of coal resources, improve Business Economic Benefit, extend mine service life, and now quasi- longwell is across falling
Coal-mining method exploits No. 7 coal seams.For the above situation, now the feasibility of No. 7 seam minings is judged, specific implementation step is such as
Under：
1, by the original geologic information of the coal mine and exploitation data the study found that being lost in No. 8 residual exploiting fields of coal seam tool post
It is 8m, average height 3.8m to stay coal column mean breadth, and stability is preferable；Goaf mean breadth is 24m, and average height is
3.8m.No. 7, No. 8 coal seams interlayer rock stratum average thickness be 21.7m, draw and the residual exploiting field of tool post and leave coal seam distributional pattern figure, such as
Shown in Fig. 5.No. 7 Roof Rock Strata of Coal Seam are loose, broken, unstable, its top plate is almost extensive with falling and being compacted again with adopting when exploitation
Again to the stress of primary rock；Control the disturbing load active width l on rock stratum2=30m, the hanging span l in interlayer rock stratumx=24m, l2>
lx, then confirm that the operating mode belongs to quiet disturbance loading type.
2, rock stratum composition, structure and the physics that the coal mine interlayer rock stratum is obtained with the method for boring and coring are pried through using drilling
Mechanics parameter situation, and to interlayer rock stratum universal formulation and number from the bottom to top, as shown in figure 5, from top to bottom by interlayer rock stratum
Number consecutively is 1~6.
3, according to the rock stratum composition of gained, structure and the thickness h of the i-th rock stratum in pressure observation data and step 2i, unit weight
γi, elastic modulus EiEqual physical and mechanical parameters situation.In conjunction with Fig. 5 control rock stratum is obtained using the judgement formula of control rock stratum
Position：
···
It is calculated, as k=3, meets formula (1), i.e., the 3rd layer is control rock stratum.
4, known parameters are substituted into formula (2), calculates separately support pressure residual by acting on tool post after propagation attenuation
Leave the disturbing load on coal column in exploiting fieldWith act on control rock stratum on disturbing loadIt is big that disturbing load is calculated
It is small to be respectivelyWith
5, according to existing operating mode, consider the effect of quiet disturbance load.Known by step 4Substitute into formula：The residual exploiting field of tool post under quiet disturbance loading effect is calculated and leaves coal column
Suffered vertical stress maximum value σM, max=3.6Mpa, meanwhile, measure the vertical critical slope langth compression stress ot for obtaining coal columnm,c=
4.4Mpa。σm,max＜ σm,c, then coal column stabilization, continues step 6.
6, it will act on the disturbing load value on control rock stratumSubstitute into formula
It is calculated under quiet disturbance loading effect and controls maximum tension stress σ suffered by rock stratumk,max=3.8Mpa, actually measured control rock stratum are anti-
Tensile strength σk,t=4.0Mpa, σk,max＜ σk,t, then control rock stratum and keep stablizing, be judged to adopt.
In conclusion under quiet disturbance loading effect, the coal mine 7 is lost with No. 8 coal seams interlayer rock stratum and the residual exploiting field of tool post
Coal column is stayed to keep stable.Therefore, No. 7 coal seams of the residual exploiting field Upward mining of the coal mine tool post have feasibility.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：Its according to
So can with technical scheme described in the above embodiments is modified, either to which part or all technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these modifications or replacements, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of residual exploiting field Upward mining feasibility determination method of tool post of quiet disturbance load, which is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly：
S1, according to mine shaft geology data and exploitation data, find out the residual exploiting field of tool post and leave the distributing position in coal seam, draw tool post
It residual exploiting field and leaves coal seam distributional pattern figure, and determines that mine operating mode belongs to quiet disturbance loading type；
S2, rock stratum composition, structure and the physical and mechanical parameter situation for determining interlayer rock stratum, and interlayer rock stratum is unified from the bottom to top
It divides and numbers；
S3, according to the thickness h of pressure observation data and rock stratum composition, strata structure and the i-th rock stratumi, unit weight γi, elasticity modulus
Ei, the position of judgement control rock stratum；
S4, it calculates separately the support pressure that is generated when leaving seam mining and is acting on the residual exploiting field of tool post after decaying by transmitting
It leaves the disturbing load size on coal column and acts on the disturbing load size on control rock stratum；
S5, pass through formulaCalculate under quiet disturbance loading effect that tool post is residual to be adopted
Leave the vertical stress maximum value σ suffered by coal column in areaM, max, wherein qmIt indicates to be formed because of the residual exploiting field overlying rock dead weight of tool post
Uniform load；lxIndicate the hanging span in interlayer rock stratum；bmIndicate that coal pillar width is left in the residual exploiting field of tool post；Coal seam is left in expression
The support pressure generated when exploitation acts on the residual exploiting field of tool post after decaying and leaves disturbing load on coal column by transmitting；l1
Indicate disturbing loadActive width；Then the vertical critical slope langth pressure of the coal column of scaled down is measured with servo-pressing machine
Stress σm,c, compare σm,maxWith σm,cNumerical values recited, if σm,max≥σm,c, then coal column unstability, the residual exploiting field top of judgement tool post are lost
Stay coal seam that can not adopt；If σm,max＜ σm,c, then coal column stabilization, continues step S6；
S6, pass through formulaIt calculates and controls maximum tension stress suffered by rock stratum under quiet disturbance loading effect
σk,maxValue, wherein qkIndicate the uniform load formed because controlling the dead weight of rock stratum overlying rock, including the dead weight of control rock stratum；Indicate that leave the support pressure generated when seam mining carries by transmitting the disturbance that decaying is acted on later on control rock stratum
Lotus；K indicates that the number of control rock stratum, n indicate the number of plies of interlayer rock stratum,It indicates from control rock stratum to the height for leaving coal seam
Degree；Then control rock stratum tensile strength sigma is determinedk,tValue, compare σk,maxWith σk,tNumerical values recited, if σk,max≥σk,t, then control
Rock stratum unstability processed, coal seam is left on the residual exploiting field top of judgement tool post to adopt；If σk,max＜ σk,t, then control rock stratum and keep stablizing, sentence
Being set to can adopt.
2. a kind of residual exploiting field Upward mining feasibility determination method of tool post of quiet disturbance load according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, in the step S2, rock stratum composition, the structure for obtaining interlayer rock stratum with the method for boring and coring is pried through by drilling
And physical and mechanical parameter situation.
3. a kind of residual exploiting field Upward mining feasibility determination method of tool post of quiet disturbance load according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, in the step S3, the judgement formula for controlling rock stratum is：
Meet the kth rock stratum of above formula rock stratum in order to control, in formula, k=j+1；K, j indicate rock stratum number.
4. a kind of residual exploiting field Upward mining feasibility determination method of tool post of quiet disturbance load according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, in the step S4, the calculation formula of disturbing load size is：
In formula, γ indicates to leave the volume-weighted average of Strata Overlying The Seam；H indicates to leave the thickness of Strata Overlying The Seam；x0It indicates to lose
Stay the length of seam mining work rock pressure；l0The width of seam mining work rock pressure is left in expression；kiIt indicates to carry
Lotus coefficient of concentration；Z indicates the depth that disturbing load transmits.
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