CN108663712A - A kind of Thin interbed method of side slope earthquake damage - Google Patents
A kind of Thin interbed method of side slope earthquake damage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Thin interbed methods of side slope earthquake damage, include the following steps：Seismic wave time-histories pretreatment to actual measurement；Empirical mode decomposition is carried out, multiple intrinsic mode function components are generated；Each intrinsic mode function carries out Hilbert transform, obtains each intrinsic mode function time-frequency spectrum；By the time-frequency spectrum of each intrinsic mode function, the marginal spectrum of corresponding seismic wave time-histories is obtained；Quantitatively sentenced knowledge according to the seismic wave energy obtained inside marginal spectrum side slope；Judge the seismic wave energy distribution inside slopes, and is distributed the position for inferring that earthquake damage occurs inside slopes according to seismic wave energy；Infer the failure mode of the rock slope with along layer near cut containing weak intercalated layer in conjunction with side slope surface displacement and crack observed result according to the position that slopes internal injury occurs.This method fundamentally discloses the failure mechanism of geological process slope, extensive in field of civil engineering and hazards control field application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geological disaster technical field, especially a kind of Thin interbed method of side slope earthquake damage.
Background technology
Empirical mode decomposition (Empirical Mode Decomposition, i.e. EMD) is HHT (Hilbert-Huang
Transform component part) is " The delivered in 1998 by Norden E.Huang and Steven R.Long et al.
Empi rical Mode Decomposition and the Hilbert Spectrum for Nonlinear and Non-
A kind of method for handling non-stationary signal proposed in stationary Time Series Analysis ".The work of EMD
With being that non-stationary signal is decomposed into several intrinsic mode function IMF (intrinsic Mode for meeting Hilbert transform
Function), Hilbert transform is carried out to these IMF, the distribution situation of signal transient frequency can be obtained.EMD has had
Fully adaptive can adaptively generate " base " according to concrete signal, i.e., the IMF generated by " screening " process, need not be pre-
If basic function, this is also exactly the advantage place of EMD.
Traditional slope failure mode studies the displacement and deformation mostly based on side slope surface in model test or numerical analysis
Monitoring, fails to start with from side slope unique characteristics parameter and slopes internal monitoring physical quantity and be studied.
Invention content
To solve problems of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of energy knowledges of side slope earthquake damage
Other method, this method fundamentally disclose the failure mechanism of geological process slope, promote engineers and technicians and research work
Person is to the human-subject test of Earthquake-landslide, and method provided by the invention has many advantages, such as strong operability, innovative high, in building work
Journey field and hazards control field application prospect are extensive.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of Thin interbed method of side slope earthquake damage,
Include the following steps：
A, the seismic wave time-histories of measuring point actual measurement carries out bandpass filtering at side slope level Shangdi shake damage location different location
With the pretreatment of baseline correction；
B, to pretreated seismic wave time-histories carry out empirical mode decomposition, generate multiple intrinsic mode function components and
Residual components；
Seismic wave time course data after pretreatment is indicated with X (t), and Empirical Mode is carried out to pretreated seismic wave time-histories
State obtains after decomposing：
Wherein t is time, cj(t) it is jth rank intrinsic mode function IMFj, rn(t) it is by n times intrinsic mode function point
Residual components after solution, residual components rn(t) be constant, monotonic function or only there are one maximum and minimum point function.
C, Hilbert transform is carried out to each intrinsic mode function of the generation in step b, obtains each intrinsic mode
Function time-frequency spectrum；Respectively to intrinsic mode function c1(t)、c2(t)…cn(t) Hilbert transform is carried out, corresponding Xi Er is obtained
Bert is composed, i.e., by each intrinsic mode function cn(t) it indicates in united time-frequency domain, the specific steps are：
cn(t) data after Hilbert transform are denoted as cn(t), then：
Wherein P is Cauchy's principal value
Analytic signal Z (t) then can be obtained：
Z (t)=cn(t)+iCn(t)=α (t) eiθ(t) (3)
In formula：α (t) is instantaneous amplitude, and θ (t) is instantaneous phase, is calculated respectively by following formula：
α (t)=[cn(t)2+Cn(t)2]1/2 (4)
Can obtain instantaneous frequency ω (t) by formula (5) is：
D, by the time-frequency spectrum of each intrinsic mode function in step c, the marginal spectrum of corresponding seismic wave time-histories is obtained；Specifically
Steps are as follows：
Summarize all intrinsic mode function cn(t) hilbert spectrum will obtain the Hilbert of original signal X (t)
Spectrum：
PR indicates real part, α in formulaj(t) it is jth rank intrinsic mode function IMFjIn t moment and instantaneous frequency ωjIt is right
The amplitude answered is a constant；Wherein, the vibrational energy that discrepance includes in Hilbert transform has uncertainty, and does not exist
In the frequency range for studying concern, therefore, the discrepance r of empirical mode decomposition is eliminated in formula (7)n(t)；
H (t, ω) characterizes distribution of the signal energy in Time-energy-frequency three dimensions in formula (7), to original signal
The hilbert spectrum H (t, ω) of X (t) is integrated on a timeline, you can obtains the marginal spectrum h (t, ω) of X (t)：
E, under earthquake wave excitation, when occurring significantly affecting the lesion ruptures of edge slope structure integrality in slopes, position
Significant changes must occur in the marginal spectrum peak and instantaneous frequency of each measuring point in damage location top, the damage obtained according to step d
The peak value of the marginal spectrum h (t, ω) of each measuring point in traumatic part position sentences the development for knowing the lesion ruptures inside earthquake wave excitation descending body
Journey, and further analysis can obtain the failure mode of exact side slope power, and according to the limit of each measuring point at different location
Seismic wave energy inside spectrum side slope is quantitatively sentenced knowledge；
F, the marginal spectrum peak quantitatively characterizing distribution of seismic wave energy, according to marginal spectrum peak computational as a result, judgement slope
The seismic wave energy distribution in internal portion, and the position for inferring that earthquake damage occurs inside slopes, tool are distributed according to seismic wave energy
Steps are as follows for the deduction of body：
f1：Extract the marginal spectrum peak near varying strength earthquake wave excitation effect slope slope surface and inside side slope；
f2：Summarize variation characteristic of the marginal spectrum peak on slope height direction；
f3：The position that marginal spectrum peak occurs being mutated on slope height direction is the position that earthquake damage occurs, according to
This sentences the appearance position for knowing the lesion ruptures inside earthquake wave excitation descending body.
G, inferred in conjunction with side slope surface displacement and crack observed result according to the position that earthquake damage occurs inside slopes
The failure mode of the rock slope with along layer near cut containing weak intercalated layer.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Energy is to induce side slope the internal cause damaged and destroyed occur, and the present invention is from energy
The earthquake damage of angle side slope is identified, and is conducive to failure mechanism and the side of fundamentally disclosing geological process slope
The basic reason of unstability is destroyed on slope, can be promoted the human-subject test of engineers and technicians and researcher to Earthquake-landslide, can is
The sliding mechanism that opens of the control measure and announcement Earthquake-landslide of formulating Earthquake-landslide provides reliable theoretical reference and technical support, and
The present invention has many advantages, such as that strong operability, novelty are high, is remarkably improved the interpretation level and Earthquake-landslide of Earthquake-landslide mechanism
Prevention level.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the method flow block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2A is the single order intrinsic mode function of the EMD decomposition results of the peaceful wave measuring point of Wenchuan earthquake in the embodiment of the present invention
The oscillogram of IMF1 and its instantaneous frequency of IMF1；
Fig. 2 B are the second order intrinsic mode function of the EMD decomposition results of the peaceful wave measuring point of Wenchuan earthquake in the embodiment of the present invention
The oscillogram of IMF2 and its instantaneous frequency of IMF2；
Fig. 2 C are three rank intrinsic mode functions of the EMD decomposition results of the peaceful wave measuring point of Wenchuan earthquake in the embodiment of the present invention
The oscillogram of IMF3 and its instantaneous frequency of IMF3；
Fig. 2 D are the quadravalence intrinsic mode function of the EMD decomposition results of the peaceful wave measuring point of Wenchuan earthquake in the embodiment of the present invention
The oscillogram of IMF4 and its instantaneous frequency of IMF4；
Fig. 3 is the position view of each point layout in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the marginal spectrum that the peaceful wave of Wenchuan earthquake acts on each measuring point near Caused by Sloping Surfaces in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the marginal spectrum that the peaceful wave of Wenchuan earthquake acts on each measuring point in descending in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is each measuring point limit spectrum peak near slope surface in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is each measuring point limit spectrum peak in mesoslope of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of the failure mode of bedding rock sloper containing weak intercalated layer in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment
The present embodiment is illustrated by taking the peaceful wave of Wenchuan earthquake as an example, as shown in Figure 1, a kind of energy of side slope earthquake damage
Recognition methods includes the following steps：
A, the seismic wave time-histories of measuring point actual measurement carries out bandpass filtering at side slope level Shangdi shake damage location different location
With the pretreatment of baseline correction；
B, empirical mode decomposition is carried out to pretreated seismic wave time-histories, generated multiple such as Fig. 2A, Fig. 2 B, Fig. 2 C and figure
Intrinsic mode function component shown in 2D；
Seismic wave time course data after pretreatment is indicated with X (t), and Empirical Mode is carried out to pretreated seismic wave time-histories
State obtains after decomposing：
Wherein t is time, cj(t) it is jth rank intrinsic mode function IMFj, rn(t) it is by n times intrinsic mode function point
Residual components after solution, residual components rn(t) be constant, monotonic function or only there are one maximum and minimum point function.
C, Hilbert transform is carried out to each intrinsic mode function of the generation in step b, obtains each intrinsic mode
Function time-frequency spectrum；Respectively to intrinsic mode function c1(t)、c2(t)…cn(t) Hilbert transform is carried out, corresponding Xi Er is obtained
Bert is composed, i.e., by each intrinsic mode function cn(t) it indicates in united time-frequency domain, the specific steps are：
cn(t) data after Hilbert transform are denoted as Cn(t), then：
Wherein P is Cauchy's principal value
Analytic signal Z (t) then can be obtained：
Z (t)=cn(t)+iCn(t)=α (t) eiθ(t) (3)
In formula：α (t) is instantaneous amplitude, and θ (t) is instantaneous phase, is calculated respectively by following formula：
α (t)=[cn(t)2+Cn(t)2]1/2 (4)
Can obtain instantaneous frequency ω (t) by formula (5) is：
The corresponding instantaneous frequencys of each intrinsic mode function IMF can be acquired by formula (6), such as Fig. 2A, Fig. 2 B, Fig. 2 C and figure
Shown in 2D.
D, by the time-frequency spectrum of each intrinsic mode function in step c, the marginal spectrum of corresponding seismic wave time-histories is obtained；
Summarize all intrinsic mode function cn(t) hilbert spectrum will obtain the Hilbert of original signal X (t)
Spectrum：
PR indicates real part, α in formulaj(t) it is jth rank intrinsic mode function IMFjIn t moment and instantaneous frequency ωjIt is right
The amplitude answered is a constant；Wherein, the vibrational energy that discrepance includes in Hilbert transform has uncertainty, and does not exist
In the frequency range for studying concern, therefore, the discrepance r of empirical mode decomposition is eliminated in formula (7)n(t)；
H (t, ω) characterizes distribution of the signal energy in Time-energy-frequency three dimensions in formula (7), to original signal
The hilbert spectrum H (t, ω) of X (t) is integrated on a timeline, you can obtains the marginal spectrum h (t, ω) of X (t)；
E, under earthquake wave excitation, when occurring significantly affecting the lesion ruptures of edge slope structure integrality in slopes, position
Significant changes must occur in the marginal spectrum peak of each measuring point in damage location top, the damage location being calculated according to step d
Marginal spectrum h (t, ω) peak value of each measuring point is (as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, wherein Fig. 6 is the marginal spectrum peak of each measuring points of Fig. 4, is related to
And slope surface is arrived, and Fig. 7 is each measuring point limit spectrum peak of Fig. 5, is related in slope) knowledge is sentenced in earthquake wave excitation descending body internal injury
The evolution of rupture, and further analysis can obtain the failure mode of exact side slope power, and according to different location at
Seismic wave energy inside the marginal spectrum side slope of each measuring point is quantitatively sentenced knowledge；
In the present embodiment, each point layout position view as shown in figure 3, in Fig. 3 each measuring point marginal spectrum
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 show slope surface nearby and slope in seismic wave energy value distribution, be distributed in 0-
2Hz frequency ranges, and as the increase of height, the seismic wave energy amplitude of 0-2Hz frequency ranges gradually increase, this shows in the Wenchuans 0.21g
The lower seismic wave energy of the peaceful wave effect of earthquake is continuously transmitted near slope surface and in slope.
F, the marginal spectrum peak quantitatively characterizing distribution of seismic wave energy, according to marginal spectrum peak computational as a result, judgement slope
The seismic wave energy distribution in internal portion, and the position for inferring that earthquake damage occurs inside slopes, tool are distributed according to seismic wave energy
Steps are as follows for the deduction of body：
f1：Extract the marginal spectrum peak near varying strength earthquake wave excitation effect slope slope surface and inside side slope；
f2：Summarize variation characteristic of the marginal spectrum peak on slope height direction；
f3：The position that marginal spectrum peak occurs being mutated on slope height direction is the position that earthquake damage occurs, according to
This sentences the appearance position for knowing the lesion ruptures inside earthquake wave excitation descending body.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, under 0.3g ground seismic wave functions, top A14, S-A40 measuring point limit
There is significant change in spectrum peak, and the peak value of A21, A28 measuring point marginal spectrum at middle part just occur under 0.4g ground seismic wave functions it is bright
Aobvious variation, this shows that the damage of side slope primarily occur ins slope shoulder position, then gradually develops to low elevation.
G, it according to the identifying result of damage position inside step f mesoslopes body, in conjunction with side slope surface displacement monitoring result and splits
Gap observed result infers the failure mode (as shown in Figure 8) of the rock slope with along layer near cut containing weak intercalated layer, wherein 0.3g, 0.4g, 0.6g
Marginal spectrum peak-data it is as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7.
Using method proposed by the present invention to the earthquake damaged portion and degree of injury of the rock slope with along layer near cut containing weak intercalated layer
It is recognized, fundamentally analyzes the Failure Model of such side slope, disclose destruction of such side slope under geological process
Internal cause.
Specific implementation mode of the invention above described embodiment only expresses, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Cannot the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention therefore be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the guarantor of the present invention
Protect range.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Thin interbed method of side slope earthquake damage, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
A, the seismic wave time-histories of measuring point actual measurement is pre-processed at side slope level Shangdi shake damage location different location；
B, empirical mode decomposition is carried out to pretreated seismic wave time-histories, generates multiple intrinsic mode function components and remnants
Component；
C, Hilbert transform is carried out to each intrinsic mode function of the generation in step b, obtains each intrinsic mode function
Time-frequency spectrum；
D, by the time-frequency spectrum of each intrinsic mode function in step c, the marginal spectrum of corresponding seismic wave time-histories is obtained；
E, the seismic wave energy at the different location obtained according to step d inside the marginal spectrum side slope of each measuring point is quantitatively sentenced
Know；
F, judge the seismic wave energy distribution inside slopes, and be distributed according to seismic wave energy and infer that earthquake is damaged out inside slopes
Existing position；
G, inferred containing soft in conjunction with side slope surface displacement and crack observed result according to the position that earthquake damage occurs inside slopes
The failure mode of weak interlayer rock slope with along layer near cut.
2. the Thin interbed method of side slope earthquake damage according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step a
Pretreatment includes carrying out bandpass filtering and baseline correction to the seismic wave time-histories of actual measurement.
3. the Thin interbed method of side slope earthquake damage according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step b is specific
It is as follows：
Seismic wave time course data after pretreatment is indicated with X (t), and empirical modal point is carried out to pretreated seismic wave time-histories
It is obtained after solution：
Wherein t is time, cj(t) it is jth rank intrinsic mode function IMFj, rn(t) it is after the decomposition of n times intrinsic mode function
Residual components, residual components rn(t) be constant, monotonic function or only there are one maximum and minimum point function.
4. the Thin interbed method of side slope earthquake damage according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that the step c
In, respectively to intrinsic mode function c1(t)、c2(t)…cn(t) Hilbert transform is carried out, corresponding hilbert spectrum is obtained,
It will each intrinsic mode function cn(t) it indicates in united time-frequency domain, the specific steps are：
cn(t) data after Hilbert transform are denoted as cn(t), then：
Wherein P is Cauchy's principal value
Analytic signal Z (t) then can be obtained：
Z (t)=cn(t)+iCn(t)=α (t) eiθ(t) (3)
In formula：α (t) is instantaneous amplitude, and θ (t) is instantaneous phase, is calculated respectively by following formula：
α (t)=[cn(t)2+Cn(t)2]1/2 (4)
Can obtain instantaneous frequency ω (t) by formula (5) is：
5. the Thin interbed method of side slope earthquake damage according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step d is specific as follows：
Summarize all intrinsic mode function cn(t) hilbert spectrum will obtain the hilbert spectrum of original signal X (t)：
PR indicates real part, α in formulaj(t) it is jth rank intrinsic mode function IMFjIn t moment and instantaneous frequency ωjIt is corresponding
Amplitude is a constant；Wherein, the vibrational energy that discrepance includes in Hilbert transform has uncertainty, and is not studying
In the frequency range of concern, therefore, the discrepance r of empirical mode decomposition is eliminated in formula (7)n(t)；
H (t, ω) characterizes distribution of the signal energy in Time-energy-frequency three dimensions in formula (7), to original signal X (t)
Hilbert spectrum H (t, ω) integrated on a timeline, you can obtain the marginal spectrum h (t, ω) of X (t)：
6. the Thin interbed method of side slope earthquake damage according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step f is specific as follows：
f1：Extract the marginal spectrum peak near varying strength earthquake wave excitation effect slope slope surface and inside side slope；
f2：Summarize variation characteristic of the marginal spectrum peak on slope height direction；
f3：The position that marginal spectrum peak occurs being mutated on slope height direction is the position that earthquake damage occurs, and is sentenced accordingly
Know the appearance position of the lesion ruptures inside earthquake wave excitation descending body.
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| CN111563289A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-21 | 西南石油大学 | Slip crack surface position prediction method, system and medium based on slope internal vibration |
| CN112525467A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-19 | 山东科技大学 | Impact damage area identification method and device suitable for cantilever beam |
| CN113537636A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-10-22 | 重庆大学 | Earthquake destructive power prediction method and device based on bidirectional gating circulation unit |
| CN115236741A (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2022-10-25 | 成都理工大学 | High-speed remote ice rock collapse disaster chain early warning method based on seismic oscillation signals |
| CN116046307A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-05-02 | 中铁西北科学研究院有限公司 | Identification method suitable for earthquake damage mode of vibrating table with tunnel slope |
| CN116166931A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-05-26 | 北京科技大学 | Dangerous rock body first-order natural vibration frequency extraction method based on constant micro-motion |
| CN116905297A (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2023-10-20 | 大秦铁路股份有限公司大同工务段 | Dislocation track homing method, dislocation track homing device, dislocation track homing equipment and readable storage medium |
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| CN111563289A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-21 | 西南石油大学 | Slip crack surface position prediction method, system and medium based on slope internal vibration |
| CN112525467A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-19 | 山东科技大学 | Impact damage area identification method and device suitable for cantilever beam |
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| CN115236741A (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2022-10-25 | 成都理工大学 | High-speed remote ice rock collapse disaster chain early warning method based on seismic oscillation signals |
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| CN116166931B (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-10-20 | 北京科技大学 | Dangerous rock body first-order natural vibration frequency extraction method based on constant micro-motion |
| CN116905297A (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2023-10-20 | 大秦铁路股份有限公司大同工务段 | Dislocation track homing method, dislocation track homing device, dislocation track homing equipment and readable storage medium |
| CN116905297B (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2023-12-12 | 大秦铁路股份有限公司大同工务段 | Dislocation track homing method, dislocation track homing device, dislocation track homing equipment and readable storage medium |
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