CN108663459A - 番茄酱中6种交链孢霉毒素的液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法 - Google Patents

番茄酱中6种交链孢霉毒素的液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法 Download PDF

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CN108663459A
CN108663459A CN201810711060.2A CN201810711060A CN108663459A CN 108663459 A CN108663459 A CN 108663459A CN 201810711060 A CN201810711060 A CN 201810711060A CN 108663459 A CN108663459 A CN 108663459A
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ion source
toxin
alternaria
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吴振兴
程果
静平
贾俊涛
许艳丽
赵华梅
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Inspection and Quarantine Technology Center of Shandong Entry Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种番茄酱中6种交链孢霉毒素的液相色谱‑串联质谱检测方法,包括下列步骤:(1)样品制备;(2)固相萃取;(3)液相色谱检测。本发明提供的方法应用于实际样品的检测,结果显示,该方法操作简便、灵敏度强,重现性好,准确性高,完全可以满足日常对于交链孢霉毒素的检测要求。

Description

番茄酱中6种交链孢霉毒素的液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种番茄酱中6种交链孢霉毒素的液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法,属于仪器检 测技术领域。
背景技术
交链孢霉(Alternaria spp.)广泛分布于泥土和谷物、蔬菜、水果等农产品中。由于交链 孢霉能在低温环境下生长繁殖,因此能够引起冷藏蔬菜、水果的腐败。与谷物相比,相对湿 度较高的绿色植物或水果蔬菜更容易污染交链孢霉。
在适宜的条件下,交链孢霉能够产生多种代谢产物,即交链孢霉毒素(AlternariaToxins)。 根据化学结构的不同,交链孢霉毒素分为5类,第1类是二苯-α-吡喃酮类,包括交链孢酚 (Alternariol,AOH)、交链孢酚单甲醚(Alternariol monomethyl ether,AME)和交链孢烯 (Altenuene,ALT);第2类是特特拉姆酸衍生物类,包括交链孢菌酮酸(Tenuazonicacid, TeA)及异交链孢菌酮酸(iso-TeA);第3类为二萘嵌苯醌类(戊醌类),主要包括交链孢毒 素I、II、III(Altertoxins,ATXs);第4类是丙三羧酸酯类化合物;第5类为包括腾毒素(Tentoxin, TEN)在内的其他结构类。
交链孢霉毒素具有急性和慢性毒性、致畸和致癌性、发育和生殖毒性等风险。TeA在1979 年被列入美国国家职业安全卫生研究所的《有毒化学物质登记册》中。TeA无诱变性,但它 能抑制氨基酸的聚合,阻止蛋白质和DNA合成,干扰核糖体释放新的蛋白。TeA毒素水平居 各种交链孢霉毒素之首。AOH具有遗传毒性和致突变性,能造成细胞周期停滞和细胞凋亡。 AME能作用于细胞线粒体,诱导细胞死亡。在自然界中,多种交链孢霉毒素往往是同时发生、 协同作用的,在食管癌高发病地区检测到的AOH和AME是大肠杆菌ND160回复突变实验的强 诱变剂。ALT急性毒性较弱,具有一定的诱变性和基因毒性。ATX具有明显的致突变性,Fleck 等认为ATX有强诱变性,能引起次黄嘌呤-鸟嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶基因位点浓度依赖性增长突 变,诱变性至少是普通链格孢属毒素(如AOH、AME)的50倍。TEN具有植物毒性,对某些 物种有针对性萎黄病,TEN被认为是ATP合成终端的能量传递抑制剂,能抑制光合磷酸化。 TEN对哺乳动物的毒性试验目前尚未见报道,欧洲食品安全局公布的初步风险评估毒理学阈 值为1500ng/kg(BW/d)。
交链孢霉毒素是一类重要的真菌毒素,但其限量标准目前仍未出台,导致该毒素检测技 术发展较为缓慢。Hasan等利用薄层色谱发检测西红柿中AOH、AME、TeA,该方法灵敏度 低、实验操作过程繁琐、误差较大,已经难以满足检测要求。陈月萌等利用液相色谱测定苹 果、梨、桃中的ALT、AOH、AME含量,该方法回收率较高,但是灵敏度较低,前处理方 法耗时。由于交链孢霉毒素结构较为稳定、挥发性差,不适用气相色谱-串联质谱法检测。液 相色谱-串联质谱技术具有更好的适用性和可靠性,采用电喷雾三重四极杆多反应监测模式,可以获得较好的灵敏度和精密度。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是:提供一种番茄酱中6种交链孢霉毒素的液相色谱-串联质 谱检测方法
本发明的番茄酱中6种交链孢霉毒素的液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法,其特征在于,包括 下列步骤:
(1)样品制备
称取20g均质样品。加入60mL乙腈-甲醇-水(pH3,45/10/45,v/v/v)并用超快速混合 器匀质至少2分钟。以4000rpm离心10分钟。将6mL上清液转移至离心管中,加入15mL0.05M磷酸二氢钠溶液(pH3)稀释。
(2)固相萃取
使用Bond Elut Plexa固相萃取小柱(200mg,6mL),先后用5mL甲醇和5mL水活化小柱。随后将全部提取液过柱。用5mL水淋洗小柱,轻度真空干燥10min,然后用5mL甲 醇对毒素进行洗脱,再用5mL乙腈洗脱。将洗脱液氮吹至近干,用1mL水/甲醇(7/3,v/v) 复溶,过0.45μm滤膜。
(3)液相色谱检测
液相色谱的检测条件:
流动相A:水(含0.05%甲酸,5mM甲酸铵)
流动相B:乙腈/水(95/5,v/v)溶液(含0.05%甲酸,5mM甲酸铵)
流动相梯度洗脱条件见下表。
色谱柱:Phenomenex C18,150mm×3mm,粒径5μm。
柱温30℃。
进样量20μL。
流动相梯度洗脱条件
质谱参考条件
离子源:电喷雾离子源。
离子化方式:正离子模式。
监测方式:多反应监测,MRM参数见下表。
离子源条件:碰撞气10,气帘气40,辅助气70,离子源电压5500,离子源温度650。
MRM参数
采用流动注射泵以流速10μL/min进样,对6种交链孢霉毒素的质谱条件进行优化。首先 进行一级质谱扫描获得分子离子峰,6种交链孢霉毒素的分子离子皆为[M+H]+。再进行二级 质谱扫描获得相应的特征子离子峰,选择信号强度较高、干扰较小的两个子离子。然后通过 多反应监测扫描模式对去簇电压、入口电压、碰撞能量和碰撞室出口电压等参数进行优化, 使分子离子与特征子离子强度达到最大,确定最佳质谱参数。最后以流动注射进样(FIA)考 察碰撞气、气帘气、辅助气、离子源电压和离子源温度等离子源参数。
本研究比较乙腈和甲醇两种溶剂作为流动相的实验效果,使用乙腈作为流动相获得峰型 更为尖锐。
在流动相中分别加入甲酸铵和乙酸铵两种缓冲盐进行比较分析,结果显示使用甲酸铵可 以获得更强的信号,同时基线也更为平滑。甲酸铵的浓度在0~5mmol/L范围内时,对于保留 时间的影响较为明显,而更高浓度的缓冲盐对保留时间的影响就很小。最终确定添加5mmol/L 浓度的甲酸铵。
流动相的pH值对于毒素的分离也具有一定影响。随着pH降低,保留时间差异和分离度 随之增强。最终确定甲酸的添加浓度为0.05%(pH为3.5)
选用Bond Elut Plexa聚合物作为固定相的萃取小柱,可为各种酸性、中性和碱性分析物提 供更高的分析性能。由于其特殊的聚合物结构和较窄的粒度分布,使得BondElut Plexa聚合物 的流动特性非常出色。由于不存在氨基化合物官能团,可有助于去除极性基质干扰,而更多 的亲脂性分析物被萃取到聚合物的非极性孔中。总体而言,选用BondElut Plexa聚合物固相萃 取小柱可显著降低质谱法中的离子抑制或增强效应。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明提供的方法应用于实际样品的检测,结果显示,该方法操作简便、灵敏度强,重 现性好,准确性高,完全可以满足日常对于交链孢霉毒素的检测要求。
附图说明
图1是6种交链孢霉毒素总离子流图。
图2是番茄酱样品质谱图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本实施例提供的番茄酱中6种交链孢霉毒素的液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法,包括下列步 骤:
(1)样品制备
称取20g均质样品。加入60mL乙腈-甲醇-水(pH3,45/10/45,v/v/v)并用超快速混合 器匀质至少2分钟。以4000rpm离心10分钟。将6mL上清液转移至离心管中,加入15mL0.05M磷酸二氢钠溶液(pH3)稀释。
(2)固相萃取
使用Bond Elut Plexa固相萃取小柱(200mg,6mL),先后用5mL甲醇和5mL水活化小柱。随后将全部提取液过柱。用5mL水淋洗小柱,轻度真空干燥10min,然后用5mL甲 醇对毒素进行洗脱,再用5mL乙腈洗脱。将洗脱液氮吹至近干,用1mL水/甲醇(7/3,v/v) 复溶,过0.45μm滤膜。
(3)液相色谱检测
液相色谱的检测条件:
流动相A:水(含0.05%甲酸,5mM甲酸铵)
流动相B:乙腈/水(95/5,v/v)溶液(含0.05%甲酸,5mM甲酸铵)
流动相梯度洗脱条件见下表。
色谱柱:Phenomenex C18,150mm×3mm,粒径5μm。
柱温30℃。
进样量20μL。
流动相梯度洗脱条件
质谱参考条件
离子源:电喷雾离子源。
离子化方式:正离子模式。
监测方式:多反应监测,MRM参数见下表。
离子源条件:碰撞气10,气帘气40,辅助气70,离子源电压5500,离子源温度650。
MRM参数
实施例2
线性关系和检测低限
以空白基质提取液配置梯度标准溶液,以峰面积为纵坐标,待测物的浓度为横坐标进行 线性回归,结果如下表所示,6种交链孢霉毒素的相关系数均大于0.99,浓度范围内线性关 系良好。方法的检测低限以定量、定性离子的信噪比≥10确定。
6种交链孢霉毒素线性关系和检测低限
分析物 线性范围(μg/L) 相关系数 检测底限(μg/kg)
Altenuene 2.0~10.0 0.9964 2.0
Tenuazonic Acid 2.0~10.0 0.9991 2.0
Tentoxin 2.0~10.0 0.9958 2.0
Altertoxin1 50.0~200.0 0.9963 50.0
Alternariol 5.0~20.0 0.9985 5.0
Alternariol Monomethy Ether 10.0~50.0 0.9982 10.0
回收率和精密度
在空白番茄酱样品中添加3个浓度水平的交链孢霉毒素混合标准溶液,每个添加水平6个 平行样品,计算回收率和精密度,结果如下表所示。
方法回收率和精密度
实施例3实际样品的检测
将该方法应用于实际样品的检测,结果显示,该方法操作简便、灵敏度强,重现性好, 准确性高,完全可以满足日常对于交链孢霉毒素的检测要求。
图2为番茄酱样品的质谱图,样品中含有Altenuene、Altertoxin1、Tentoxin、Alternariol Monomethy Ether,含量分别为27.3μg/kg、15.6μg/kg、28.1μg/kg、9.5μg/kg。

Claims (1)

1.番茄酱中6种交链孢霉毒素的液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法,其特征在于,包括下列步骤:
(1)样品制备
称取20g均质样品;加入60mL乙腈-甲醇-水(pH3,45/10/45,v/v/v)并用超快速混合器匀质至少2分钟;以4000rpm离心10分钟;将6mL上清液转移至离心管中,加入15mL0.05M磷酸二氢钠溶液(pH3)稀释;
(2)固相萃取
使用Bond Elut Plexa固相萃取小柱(200mg,6mL),先后用5mL甲醇和5mL水活化小柱;随后将全部提取液过柱;用5mL水淋洗小柱,轻度真空干燥10min,然后用5mL甲醇对毒素进行洗脱,再用5mL乙腈洗脱;将洗脱液氮吹至近干,用1mL水/甲醇(7/3,v/v)复溶,过0.45μm滤膜;
(3)液相色谱检测
1、液相色谱的检测条件:
流动相A:水(含0.05%甲酸,5mM甲酸铵)
流动相B:乙腈/水(95/5,v/v)溶液(含0.05%甲酸,5mM甲酸铵)
流动相梯度洗脱条件见下表;
色谱柱:Phenomenex C18,150mm×3mm,粒径5μm;
柱温30℃;
进样量20μL;
流动相梯度洗脱条件
2、质谱参考条件
离子源:电喷雾离子源;
离子化方式:正离子模式;
监测方式:多反应监测,MRM参数见下表;
离子源条件:碰撞气10,气帘气40,辅助气70,离子源电压5500,离子源温度650;
MRM参数
CN201810711060.2A 2018-07-03 2018-07-03 番茄酱中6种交链孢霉毒素的液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法 Pending CN108663459A (zh)

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