CN108642369A - A kind of high-strength ductile cast iron and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of high-strength ductile cast iron and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108642369A CN108642369A CN201810565343.0A CN201810565343A CN108642369A CN 108642369 A CN108642369 A CN 108642369A CN 201810565343 A CN201810565343 A CN 201810565343A CN 108642369 A CN108642369 A CN 108642369A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
- C21C1/105—Nodularising additive agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
- C22C33/10—Making cast-iron alloys including procedures for adding magnesium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
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- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to spheroidal graphite cast-iron technical fields, and in particular to a kind of high-strength ductile cast iron and preparation method thereof；The invention discloses a kind of high-strength ductile cast irons and preparation method thereof, are made of the elemental composition of following mass percent：C 3.55 3.80%, Si 2.50 2.80%, Mn 0.55 0.80%, Zr 0.02 0.05%, Mg 0.030 0.060%, Mo 0.3 0.5%, Cu 0.015 0.018, RE 0.020 0.040%, P≤0.06%, S≤0.03%, surplus are Fe and inevitable a small amount of impurity；The present invention uses low magnesium-rare earth nodulizer, is effectively controlled the residual quantity of rare earth, controls the formation of carbide, improves the roundness and Oxygen potential of graphite nodule；Heat treatment can prevent it from deforming and cracking by the classification cooling of salt bath and air while reducing casting internal stress；Spheroidal graphite cast-iron prepared by the present invention has excellent hardness, tensile strength, impact flexibility and yield strength, suitable for promoting the use of.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to spheroidal graphite cast-iron technical fields, and in particular to a kind of high-strength ductile cast iron and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron is a kind of 20th century high-strength cast iron material for growing up of the fifties, comprehensive performance close to
Steel is based on its excellent performance, has been successfully used to cast some stress complexity, intensity, toughness, wearability are more demanding
Part.Spheroidal graphite cast-iron rapidly developed for be only second to gray cast iron, using very extensive cast iron materials.It is so-called " with iron generation
Steel " refers mainly to spheroidal graphite cast-iron.Spheroidal graphite cast-iron is to obtain globular graphite by nodularization and inoculation, is effectively improved cast iron
Mechanical performance, plasticity and toughness are in particular improved, to obtain the intensity also higher than carbon steel.Cast iron is that phosphorus content is more than
2.11% iron-carbon alloy is obtained by the steels such as commercial iron, steel scrap and its alloy material by high-temperature fusion and casting and forming
Arrive, in addition to Fe, also contain and other cast irons in carbon be precipitated with graphite form, if the cast iron when graphite being precipitated is in strip of sheet cry it is grey
Mouthful cast iron or gray cast iron, in vermiform when cast iron vermicular cast iron, in cast iron when rolling into a ball cotton-shaped white cast-iron or code iron and
In it is spherical when cast iron be just spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
With the development of industry, existing nodular cast iron has been used in the mechanical equipment of many large sizes, such as：Ultra-large type
Lifting equipment, bridge, heavy duty machine tools etc..Since the weight of large scale equipment is larger, this just proposes newly the intensity of spheroidal graphite cast-iron
Requirement.
Invention content
In view of the above problems, the invention discloses a kind of high-strength ductile cast iron and preparation method thereof, the spheroidal graphite of preparation is cast
Iron has excellent hardness, tensile strength, impact flexibility and yield strength.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention uses technical solution below：
A kind of high-strength ductile cast iron is made of the elemental composition of following mass percent：C 3.55-3.80%, Si
2.50-2.80%, Mn 0.55-0.80%, Zr 0.02-0.05%, Mg 0.030-0.060%, Mo 0.30-0.50%, Cu
0.015-0.018, RE 0.020-0.040%, P≤0.06%, S≤0.03%, surplus are Fe and inevitably a small amount of miscellaneous
Matter.
A kind of high-strength ductile cast iron, preparation method includes the following steps：
A, raw material is configured, is put into medium-frequency induction furnace and is melted, ensure that molten iron temperature is in melting process
1560-1600 DEG C, base iron is obtained after melting, is come out of the stove；
B, method is poured using dam-type, nodularization packet dykes and dams, which are added, in nodulizer leans on furnace body side, is then 3-8mm by granularity
Inovulant be covered in nodulizer surface, then place the special pressing plate iron fork that one piece of thickness is 8mm and smash flat, molten iron is added
It breeds to progress spheroidising in nodularization packet and once, after molten iron all injects, granularity is added as the inovulant of 1-3mm with stream
Late inoculation processing is carried out, spheroidization treatment temperature is maintained at 1510-1540 DEG C, and agent of skimming then is added into iron liquid, stirs, take off
Slag；
C, after cooling the temperature to 1330-1360 DEG C, molten iron is quickly poured into sand mo(u)ld, spheroidal graphite cast-iron is obtained；
D, spheroidal graphite cast-iron is heated to 850-900 DEG C, spheroidal graphite cast-iron is put into 120-150 DEG C after constant temperature 90-120min
Salt bath in cooled down, after cooling 3-5min, take out air-cooled, high-strength ductile cast iron obtained after being air-cooled to room temperature.
Preferably, dykes and dams height described in step a is 100-200mm.
Preferably, nodulizer model FeSiMg8RE3 described in step b, addition are the 1.0- of iron liquid quality
1.2%.
Preferably, inovulant model Si65Ba5 described in step b, the dosage for once breeding middle inovulant are iron liquid quality
0.4-0.6%, the dosage of inovulant is the 0.2-0.3% of iron liquid quality in late inoculation.
Preferably, salt bath described in step d is bathed for salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride.
Using above-mentioned technical solution, the advantageous effect that the present invention reaches is：
For spheroidal graphite cast-iron prepared by the present invention by being reasonably formulated and preparation method, preparing a kind of having superior mechanical
The spheroidal graphite cast-iron of energy；The compound use of manganese and copper can while reducing manganese and being segregated trend, improve the hardness of spheroidal graphite cast-iron with
Intensity, using effect doubles the silicon in inovulant simultaneously at 1510-1540 DEG C with barium, and the wherein addition of zirconium can delay to breed to decline
The time is moved back, pregnant effect is improved, graphite has been refined by increasing molybdenum, has enhanced matrix, improvement improves intensity, hardness, tough
The comprehensive performances such as property are effectively controlled the residual quantity of rare earth using low magnesium-rare earth nodulizer, control the shape of carbide
At improving the roundness and Oxygen potential of graphite nodule；Heat treatment can reduce casting by the classification cooling of salt bath and air
While internal stress, prevent it from deforming and cracking.Spheroidal graphite cast-iron prepared by the present invention has excellent hardness, tension strong
Degree, impact flexibility and yield strength, suitable for promoting the use of.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention,
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is the present invention one
Divide embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making
The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of high-strength ductile cast iron is made of the elemental composition of following mass percent：C 3.55%, Si 2.60%,
Mn 0.55%, Zr 0.04%, Mg 0.030%, Mo 0.5%, Cu 0.015, RE 0.035%, P≤0.06%, S≤
0.03%, surplus is Fe and inevitable a small amount of impurity.
A kind of high-strength ductile cast iron, preparation method includes the following steps：
A, raw material is configured, is put into medium-frequency induction furnace and is melted, ensure that molten iron temperature is in melting process
1560 DEG C, base iron is obtained after melting, is come out of the stove；
B, method is poured using dam-type, nodularization packet dykes and dams, which are added, in nodulizer leans on furnace body side, is then 3-8mm by granularity
Inovulant be covered in nodulizer surface, then place the special pressing plate iron fork that one piece of thickness is 8mm and smash flat, molten iron is added
It breeds to progress spheroidising in nodularization packet and once, after molten iron all injects, granularity is added as the inovulant of 1-3mm with stream
Late inoculation processing is carried out, spheroidization treatment temperature is maintained at 1510 DEG C, and agent of skimming then is added into iron liquid, stirs, skim；
C, after cooling the temperature to 1330 DEG C, molten iron is quickly poured into sand mo(u)ld, spheroidal graphite cast-iron is obtained；
D, spheroidal graphite cast-iron is heated to 850 DEG C, spheroidal graphite cast-iron is put into 120 DEG C of salt bath after constant temperature 90min and is carried out
Cooling, after cooling 3min, taking-up is air-cooled, and high-strength ductile cast iron is obtained after being air-cooled to room temperature.
Dykes and dams height described in step a is 100mm.
Nodulizer model FeSiMg8RE3 described in step b, addition are the 1.0% of iron liquid quality.
Inovulant model Si65Ba5 described in step b, the dosage for once breeding middle inovulant are the 0.4% of iron liquid quality,
The dosage of inovulant is the 0.2% of iron liquid quality in late inoculation.
Salt bath described in step d is bathed for salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of high-strength ductile cast iron is made of the elemental composition of following mass percent：C 3.60%, Si 2.70%,
Mn 0.60%, Zr 0.03%, Mg 0.035%, Mo 0.3%, Cu 0.016, RE 0.025%, P≤0.06%, S≤
0.03%, surplus is Fe and inevitable a small amount of impurity.
A kind of high-strength ductile cast iron, preparation method includes the following steps：
A, raw material is configured, is put into medium-frequency induction furnace and is melted, ensure that molten iron temperature is in melting process
1570 DEG C, base iron is obtained after melting, is come out of the stove；
B, method is poured using dam-type, nodularization packet dykes and dams, which are added, in nodulizer leans on furnace body side, is then 3-8mm by granularity
Inovulant be covered in nodulizer surface, then place the special pressing plate iron fork that one piece of thickness is 8mm and smash flat, molten iron is added
It breeds to progress spheroidising in nodularization packet and once, after molten iron all injects, granularity is added as the inovulant of 1-3mm with stream
Late inoculation processing is carried out, spheroidization treatment temperature is maintained at 1520 DEG C, and agent of skimming then is added into iron liquid, stirs, skim；
C, after cooling the temperature to 1340 DEG C, molten iron is quickly poured into sand mo(u)ld, spheroidal graphite cast-iron is obtained；
D, spheroidal graphite cast-iron is heated to 860 DEG C, spheroidal graphite cast-iron is put into 130 DEG C of salt bath after constant temperature 100min and is carried out
Cooling, after cooling 4min, taking-up is air-cooled, and high-strength ductile cast iron is obtained after being air-cooled to room temperature.
Dykes and dams height described in step a is 150mm.
Nodulizer model FeSiMg8RE3 described in step b, addition are the 1.2% of iron liquid quality.
Inovulant model Si65Ba5 described in step b, the dosage for once breeding middle inovulant are the 0.5% of iron liquid quality,
The dosage of inovulant is the 0.2% of iron liquid quality in late inoculation.
Salt bath described in step d is bathed for salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of high-strength ductile cast iron is made of the elemental composition of following mass percent：C 3.65%, Si 2.65%,
Mn 0.65%, Zr 0.02%, Mg 0.045%, Mo 0.4%, Cu 0.017, RE 0.020%, P≤0.06%, S≤
0.03%, surplus is Fe and inevitable a small amount of impurity.
A kind of high-strength ductile cast iron, preparation method includes the following steps：
A, raw material is configured, is put into medium-frequency induction furnace and is melted, ensure that molten iron temperature is in melting process
1580 DEG C, base iron is obtained after melting, is come out of the stove；
B, method is poured using dam-type, nodularization packet dykes and dams, which are added, in nodulizer leans on furnace body side, is then 3-8mm by granularity
Inovulant be covered in nodulizer surface, then place the special pressing plate iron fork that one piece of thickness is 8mm and smash flat, molten iron is added
It breeds to progress spheroidising in nodularization packet and once, after molten iron all injects, granularity is added as the inovulant of 1-3mm with stream
Late inoculation processing is carried out, spheroidization treatment temperature is maintained at 1530 DEG C, and agent of skimming then is added into iron liquid, stirs, skim；
C, after cooling the temperature to 1350 DEG C, molten iron is quickly poured into sand mo(u)ld, spheroidal graphite cast-iron is obtained；
D, spheroidal graphite cast-iron is heated to 880 DEG C, spheroidal graphite cast-iron is put into 130 DEG C of salt bath after constant temperature 110min and is carried out
Cooling, after cooling 3min, taking-up is air-cooled, and high-strength ductile cast iron is obtained after being air-cooled to room temperature.
Dykes and dams height described in step a is 150mm.
Nodulizer model FeSiMg8RE3 described in step b, addition are the 1.1% of iron liquid quality.
Inovulant model Si65Ba5 described in step b, the dosage for once breeding middle inovulant are the 0.6% of iron liquid quality,
The dosage of inovulant is the 0.3% of iron liquid quality in late inoculation.
Salt bath described in step d is bathed for salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride.
Embodiment 4：
A kind of high-strength ductile cast iron is made of the elemental composition of following mass percent：C 3.75%, Si 2.50%,
Mn 0.75%, Zr 0.03%, Mg 0.050%, Mo 0.35%, Cu 0.018, RE 0.040%, P≤0.06%, S≤
0.03%, surplus is Fe and inevitable a small amount of impurity.
A kind of high-strength ductile cast iron, preparation method includes the following steps：
A, raw material is configured, is put into medium-frequency induction furnace and is melted, ensure that molten iron temperature is in melting process
1590 DEG C, base iron is obtained after melting, is come out of the stove；
B, method is poured using dam-type, nodularization packet dykes and dams, which are added, in nodulizer leans on furnace body side, is then 3-8mm by granularity
Inovulant be covered in nodulizer surface, then place the special pressing plate iron fork that one piece of thickness is 8mm and smash flat, molten iron is added
It breeds to progress spheroidising in nodularization packet and once, after molten iron all injects, granularity is added as the inovulant of 1-3mm with stream
Late inoculation processing is carried out, spheroidization treatment temperature is maintained at 1540 DEG C, and agent of skimming then is added into iron liquid, stirs, skim；
C, after cooling the temperature to 1350 DEG C, molten iron is quickly poured into sand mo(u)ld, spheroidal graphite cast-iron is obtained；
D, spheroidal graphite cast-iron is heated to 890 DEG C, spheroidal graphite cast-iron is put into 140 DEG C of salt bath after constant temperature 115min and is carried out
Cooling, after cooling 5min, taking-up is air-cooled, and high-strength ductile cast iron is obtained after being air-cooled to room temperature.
Dykes and dams height described in step a is 200mm.
Nodulizer model FeSiMg8RE3 described in step b, addition are the 1.1% of iron liquid quality.
Inovulant model Si65Ba5 described in step b, the dosage for once breeding middle inovulant are the 0.6% of iron liquid quality,
The dosage of inovulant is the 0.3% of iron liquid quality in late inoculation.
Salt bath described in step d is bathed for salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride.
Embodiment 5：
A kind of high-strength ductile cast iron is made of the elemental composition of following mass percent：C 3.80%, Si 2.80%,
Mn 0.80%, Zr 0.05%, Mg 0.060%, Mo 0.45%, Cu 0.018, RE 0.030%, P≤0.06%, S≤
0.03%, surplus is Fe and inevitable a small amount of impurity.
A kind of high-strength ductile cast iron, preparation method includes the following steps：
A, raw material is configured, is put into medium-frequency induction furnace and is melted, ensure that molten iron temperature is in melting process
1600 DEG C, base iron is obtained after melting, is come out of the stove；
B, method is poured using dam-type, nodularization packet dykes and dams, which are added, in nodulizer leans on furnace body side, is then 3-8mm by granularity
Inovulant be covered in nodulizer surface, then place the special pressing plate iron fork that one piece of thickness is 8mm and smash flat, molten iron is added
It breeds to progress spheroidising in nodularization packet and once, after molten iron all injects, granularity is added as the inovulant of 1-3mm with stream
Late inoculation processing is carried out, spheroidization treatment temperature is maintained at 1540 DEG C, and agent of skimming then is added into iron liquid, stirs, skim；
C, after cooling the temperature to 1360 DEG C, molten iron is quickly poured into sand mo(u)ld, spheroidal graphite cast-iron is obtained；
D, spheroidal graphite cast-iron is heated to 900 DEG C, spheroidal graphite cast-iron is put into 150 DEG C of salt bath after constant temperature 120min and is carried out
Cooling, after cooling 5min, taking-up is air-cooled, and high-strength ductile cast iron is obtained after being air-cooled to room temperature.
Dykes and dams height described in step a is 200mm.
Nodulizer model FeSiMg8RE3 described in step b, addition are the 1.2% of iron liquid quality.
Inovulant model Si65Ba5 described in step b, the dosage for once breeding middle inovulant are the 0.5% of iron liquid quality,
The dosage of inovulant is the 0.3% of iron liquid quality in late inoculation.
Salt bath described in step d is bathed for salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride.
Performance test
Performance detection is carried out to the high-strength ductile cast iron prepared in the various embodiments described above of the present invention.Specific testing result is such as
The following table 1：
Table 1
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron it can be seen from table prepared by each embodiment all has excellent hardness, tensile strength, bends
Take intensity and impact flexibility.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
Invention is explained in detail, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：It still can be to aforementioned each implementation
Technical solution recorded in example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these modification or
It replaces, the spirit and scope for various embodiments of the present invention technical solution that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of high-strength ductile cast iron, which is characterized in that be made of the elemental composition of following mass percent：C 3.55-
3.80%, Si 2.50-2.80%, Mn 0.55-0.80%, Zr 0.02-0.05%, Mg 0.030-0.060%, Mo 0.3-
0.5%, Cu 0.015-0.018, RE 0.020-0.040%, P≤0.06%, S≤0.03%, surplus is for Fe and unavoidably
A small amount of impurity.
2. a kind of high-strength ductile cast iron according to claim 1, preparation method includes the following steps：
A, raw material is configured, is put into medium-frequency induction furnace and is melted, ensures that molten iron temperature is 1560- in melting process
1600 DEG C, base iron is obtained after melting, is come out of the stove；
B, method is poured using dam-type, nodularization packet dykes and dams, which are added, in nodulizer leans on furnace body side, is then the pregnant of 3-8mm by granularity
It educates agent and is covered in nodulizer surface, then one piece of thickness of placement is smash flat for the special pressing plate iron fork of 8mm, and molten iron is added to ball
Change and carry out spheroidising in packet and once breed, after molten iron all injects, the inovulant that granularity is 1-3mm is added with stream and carries out
Late inoculation processing, spheroidization treatment temperature are maintained at 1510-1540 DEG C, and agent of skimming then is added into iron liquid, stirs, skim；
C, after cooling the temperature to 1330-1360 DEG C, molten iron is quickly poured into sand mo(u)ld, spheroidal graphite cast-iron is obtained；
D, spheroidal graphite cast-iron is heated to 850-900 DEG C, spheroidal graphite cast-iron is put into 120-150 DEG C of salt after constant temperature 90-120min
It is cooled down in bath, after cooling 3-5min, taking-up is air-cooled, and high-strength ductile cast iron is obtained after being air-cooled to room temperature.
3. a kind of preparation method of high-strength ductile cast iron according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described in step a
Dykes and dams height is 100-200mm.
4. a kind of preparation method of high-strength ductile cast iron according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described in step b
Nodulizer model FeSiMg8RE3, addition are the 1.0-1.2% of iron liquid quality.
5. a kind of preparation method of high-strength ductile cast iron according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is pregnant described in step b
Agent model Si65Ba5 is educated, the dosage for once breeding middle inovulant is the 0.4-0.6% of iron liquid quality, is bred in late inoculation
The dosage of agent is the 0.2-0.3% of iron liquid quality.
6. a kind of preparation method of high-strength ductile cast iron according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described in step d
Salt bath is bathed for salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109852874A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-06-07 | 荆州市巨鲸传动机械有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of optimizing components type QT600-3 spheroidal graphite cast-iron |
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