CN108642289B - Method for recovering gold from waste mobile phone printed circuit board - Google Patents
Method for recovering gold from waste mobile phone printed circuit board Download PDFInfo
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- CN108642289B CN108642289B CN201810523451.1A CN201810523451A CN108642289B CN 108642289 B CN108642289 B CN 108642289B CN 201810523451 A CN201810523451 A CN 201810523451A CN 108642289 B CN108642289 B CN 108642289B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/3078—Thermal treatment, e.g. calcining or pyrolizing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/02—Obtaining noble metals by dry processes
- C22B11/021—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
- C22B11/025—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials from manufactured products, e.g. from printed circuit boards, from photographic films, paper, or baths
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
- B01J2220/4825—Polysaccharides or cellulose materials, e.g. starch, chitin, sawdust, wood, straw, cotton
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention provides a method for recovering gold from a waste mobile phone printed circuit board, which comprises the following steps: adsorbing gold in a gold leaching solution of a waste mobile phone printed circuit board by adopting an adsorbent to obtain gold-loaded carbon, wherein the adsorbent is selected from biochar or iodine-loaded biochar; and desorbing the gold-loaded carbon, and electrolyzing the desorption solution to obtain gold. According to the invention, after gold leaching of the waste mobile phone printed circuit board, iodine-loaded charcoal is adopted for adsorption, the gold liquid is concentrated, and then gold can be recovered through electrolysis, and the gold leaching liquid (iodine) can also be recovered, so that the production cost is reduced, and the resource utilization efficiency is improved; the iodine-loaded carbon is prepared by modifying the biochar by using an ethanol solution of iodine, so that the gold adsorption efficiency is improved and the iodine utilization rate is improved; the biochar prepared from the agricultural wastes adsorbs gold, so that the wastes are recycled, and the production cost and the energy consumption are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gold recycling, and particularly relates to a method for recycling gold from a waste mobile phone printed circuit board.
Background
At present, scientific technology is rapidly developed, the use of mobile phones is very common, even many people have more than two mobile phones at the same time, the update of the mobile phones is also rapid, under the background, the elimination speed of the mobile phones is extremely remarkable, but the occupied space is very small, the difference between the recovery price and the starting price after elimination is large, the use time is very short, most people choose to place the mobile phones at home, and the problems caused by the mobile phones are not shown yet. However, if the flame retardant is discarded at will, the heavy metals and the brominated flame retardant contained in the flame retardant are not in time to cause damage to the environment and even threaten the health of human bodies. Therefore, the treatment of waste mobile phones should be paid attention. In addition, the mobile phone circuit board contains 65% of metal components, wherein the copper content is about 200-300 kg/t, the gold content is about 80g/t, the content of the metals is even higher than that of the corresponding metal content of mineral concentrates in China, and the mobile phone circuit board has high recovery value and is called as urban mineral products.
At present, researches on the recovery of heavy metals in circuit boards mainly focus on the treatment of circuit boards of large-scale electrical appliances such as computers, and relatively few researches on circuit boards of mobile phones are carried out. In addition, the recovery method mainly adopts the traditional mineral metallurgy method (cyanidation method), which pollutes the environment and has high reagent toxicity, and the related non-cyanidation gold leaching method is still in a laboratory stage and mainly comprises the halogenation method for leaching gold (namely, gold is dissolved in a solution by utilizing the complexation reaction of chlorine, bromine, iodine and the like with gold), the thiourea method, the thiosulfate method, the thiocyanate method, the biological method and the like. Compared with the prior art, the iodination method has the advantages of high gold leaching speed, stable complex formation, high selectivity, no toxicity, no harm and the like, although the iodination method has high gold leaching efficiency, the content of gold is still at a very low level due to the limitation of the content of gold in the mobile phone circuit board, and the traditional electrolytic recovery cannot obtain gold with ideal purity and consumes a large amount of energy.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for recovering gold from a waste mobile phone printed circuit board, which has a good gold recovery effect, low energy consumption, wide raw material source and low price.
The invention provides a method for recovering gold from a waste mobile phone printed circuit board, which comprises the following steps:
adsorbing gold in a gold leaching solution of a waste mobile phone printed circuit board by adopting an adsorbent to obtain gold-loaded carbon, wherein the adsorbent is selected from biochar or iodine-loaded biochar;
and desorbing the gold-loaded carbon, and electrolyzing the desorption solution to obtain gold.
Preferably, the biochar is prepared according to the following method:
carrying out anoxic pyrolysis on agricultural and forestry waste at the temperature of 300-700 ℃ to obtain biochar;
the iodine-carrying biochar is prepared by the following method:
carrying out anoxic pyrolysis on agricultural and forestry waste at the temperature of 300-700 ℃ to obtain biochar;
dipping the biochar in an iodine solution for modification for 20-24 h to obtain iodine-loaded biochar, wherein the I/C ratio of the iodine-loaded biochar is 7-10%;
the iodine solution is an ethanol solution of iodine, and the iodine is dissolved in the ethanol solution to prepare an iodine solution in which 0.5g of iodine is dissolved in 50ml of ethanol.
Preferably, the solid-liquid ratio of the adsorbent to the gold leaching solution is 3: 200.
Preferably, the adsorption temperature is 40-50 ℃, and the adsorption time is 4-5 hours.
Preferably, the gold leaching solution for the waste mobile phone printed circuit board is prepared according to the following method:
A) disassembling a waste mobile phone printed circuit board, crushing, and leaching copper in the waste mobile phone printed circuit board by acid to obtain residue after copper leaching;
B) and drying the residue after copper leaching, and leaching gold by an iodination method to obtain a gold leaching solution.
Preferably, the gold leaching method by the iodination method comprises the following steps:
adding potassium iodide into iodine solution with the mass concentration of 0.7-1.2 wt%, then adding hydrogen peroxide, and finally adjusting the pH value to obtain a gold leaching reagent;
and drying the residues after copper leaching, and then placing the residues in a gold leaching reagent for gold leaching to obtain a gold leaching solution.
Preferably, the gold-loaded carbon is desorbed, and then the desorption solution is electrolyzed to recover iodine and an adsorbent, and the adsorbent is regenerated at high temperature by a method known to those skilled in the art.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method for recovering gold from a waste mobile phone printed circuit board, which comprises the following steps: adsorbing gold in a gold leaching solution of a waste mobile phone printed circuit board by adopting an adsorbent to obtain gold-loaded carbon, wherein the adsorbent is selected from biochar or iodine-loaded biochar; and desorbing the gold-loaded carbon, and electrolyzing the desorption solution to obtain gold. The invention carries out iodination and gold leaching on the waste mobile phone printed circuit board, then adopts iodine-carrying charcoal for adsorption, concentrates the gold liquid, and then can recover gold through electrolysis and can also recover the gold leaching liquid (iodine), thereby reducing the production cost and improving the resource utilization efficiency; the iodine-loaded carbon is prepared by modifying the biochar by using an ethanol solution of iodine, so that the gold adsorption efficiency is improved and the iodine utilization rate is improved; the biochar prepared from the agricultural wastes adsorbs gold, so that the wastes are recycled, and the production cost and the energy consumption are reduced.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for recovering gold from a waste mobile phone printed circuit board, which comprises the following steps:
adsorbing gold in a gold leaching solution of a waste mobile phone printed circuit board by adopting an adsorbent to obtain gold-loaded carbon, wherein the adsorbent is selected from biochar or iodine-loaded biochar;
and desorbing the gold-loaded carbon, and electrolyzing the desorption solution to obtain gold.
The invention uses the biochar or the iodine-carrying biochar as an adsorbent to adsorb gold in the gold leaching solution of the waste mobile phone printed circuit board.
In the present invention, the biochar is prepared according to the following method:
carrying out anoxic pyrolysis on the agricultural and forestry waste biomass at the temperature of 300-700 ℃ to obtain biochar;
wherein the agricultural and forestry waste is selected from corn stalks, wheat straws or wood chips. The time of the anoxic cracking is preferably 6-10 h.
The iodine-carrying biochar is prepared by the following method:
carrying out anoxic pyrolysis on agricultural and forestry waste at the temperature of 300-700 ℃ to obtain biochar;
wherein the agricultural and forestry waste is selected from corn stalks, wheat straws or wood chips. The time of the anoxic cracking is preferably 6-10 h.
Then, soaking the biochar in an iodine solution for modification to obtain iodine-loaded biochar, wherein the I/C ratio of the iodine-loaded biochar is 7% -10%;
the iodine solution is an ethanol solution of iodine, and the iodine is dissolved in the ethanol solution to prepare an iodine solution in which 0.5g of iodine is dissolved in 50ml of ethanol.
And after the adsorbent is obtained, adsorbing gold in the gold leaching solution of the waste mobile phone printed circuit board by adopting the adsorbent.
The gold leaching solution for the waste mobile phone printed circuit board is prepared according to the following method:
A) disassembling a waste mobile phone printed circuit board, crushing, and leaching copper in the waste mobile phone printed circuit board by acid to obtain residue after copper leaching;
B) and drying the residue after copper leaching, and leaching gold by an iodination method to obtain a gold leaching solution.
The waste mobile phone printed circuit board is disassembled and then crushed. The waste mobile phone printed circuit board is selected from waste mobile phones. The crushed granularity is 20-180 meshes.
After the crushing, the copper is leached by acid, wherein the acid is preferably nitric acid. After the copper is leached, the influence of the subsequent copper on the iodine leaching efficiency can be reduced, and the leached copper can be recovered through electrolysis.
And drying the residue after copper leaching, and leaching gold by an iodination method to obtain a gold leaching solution.
The gold leaching method by the iodination method comprises the following steps:
adding potassium iodide into an iodine solution with the mass concentration of 1 wt%, then adding hydrogen peroxide, and finally adjusting the pH value to obtain a gold leaching reagent;
and drying the residues after copper leaching, and then placing the residues in a gold leaching reagent for gold leaching to obtain a gold leaching solution.
Wherein the mass ratio of the iodine simple substance to the potassium iodide in the iodine solution is 1: (4-12), more preferably 1: (6-10).
The concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 0.8-1%, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the residue after copper leaching to the gold leaching reagent is 1 g: 10 ml.
And the pH value of the final gold leaching reagent is 5-9, and is preferably 7.
And after obtaining the gold leaching solution, placing the adsorbent in the gold leaching solution of the waste mobile phone printed circuit board for gold adsorption to obtain gold-loaded carbon.
In the invention, the gold leaching is carried out under a neutral condition, the condition is mild, the equipment is not corroded, and acid and alkali are not required to be added for adjustment.
The solid-liquid ratio of the adsorbent to the gold leaching solution is 3: 200.
The adsorption temperature is 40-50 ℃, and the adsorption time is 4-5 hours.
The adsorbent adsorbs the gold in the gold leaching solution to achieve the purpose of concentration.
In the invention, the gold leaching principle is as follows:
2Au+I2+2I-→2AuI2 -
Au+3/2I2+I-→AuI4 -
finally, the higher gold leaching rate can be achieved without acid-base adjustment, and meanwhile, the reagent consumption and the subsequent treatment process are reduced. Preferably, the gold leaching reaction is carried out in an oscillator for 4-5 hours at room temperature, and the oscillation speed is set to be 200-300 r/min.
And desorbing the gold-loaded carbon, and electrolyzing a desorption solution to obtain gold.
The desorption and electrolysis method provided by the invention is a method known by persons skilled in the art, in the invention, a Zadra desorption method (desorption and electrolysis are carried out synchronously) is preferably adopted, desorption liquid is heated to 95-100 ℃ and then is desorbed through a desorption column, and the desorbed solution enters an electrolytic cell for electrolyzing and recovering gold through heat exchange.
Desorbing and electrolyzing the gold-loaded carbon in sequence, and recovering iodine and the adsorbent. Methods for iodine and adsorbent recovery are well known to those skilled in the art.
According to the invention, after gold leaching of the waste mobile phone printed circuit board, iodine-loaded charcoal is adopted for adsorption, the gold liquid is concentrated, and then gold can be recovered through electrolysis, and the gold leaching liquid (iodine) can be recovered, so that the production cost is reduced, and the resource utilization efficiency is improved; the iodine-loaded carbon is prepared by modifying the biochar by using an ethanol solution of iodine, so that the gold adsorption efficiency is improved and the iodine utilization rate is improved; the biochar prepared from the agricultural wastes adsorbs gold, so that the wastes are recycled, and the production cost and the energy consumption are reduced.
For further understanding of the present invention, the method for recovering gold from waste mobile phone printed circuit board provided by the present invention is described below with reference to the following embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following embodiments.
Example 1
Carrying out anoxic pyrolysis on the corn straws for 6 hours at the temperature of 700 ℃ to obtain the biochar.
Example 2
Carrying out anoxic pyrolysis on the wheat straws for 6 hours at the temperature of 700 ℃ to obtain the biochar.
Example 3
And carrying out anoxic pyrolysis on the wood chips at 700 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain the biochar.
Example 4
Carrying out anoxic pyrolysis on the corn straws for 6 hours at the temperature of 300 ℃ to obtain the biochar.
Example 5
Carrying out anoxic pyrolysis on the corn straws for 6 hours at the temperature of 500 ℃ to obtain the biochar.
Example 6
Preparing iodine-carrying biochar:
the biochar prepared in example 1 was placed in an iodine solution for modification to obtain iodine-loaded biochar with an I/C ratio of 10%.
Example 7
The biochar prepared in example 1 was placed in an iodine solution for modification to obtain iodine-loaded biochar with an I/C ratio of 10%.
Example 8
The biochar prepared in example 1 was placed in an iodine solution for modification to obtain iodine-loaded biochar with an I/C ratio of 12%.
Example 9
The biochar prepared in example 1 was placed in an iodine solution for modification to obtain iodine-loaded biochar with an I/C ratio of 15%.
Example 10
1. Disassembling components of a waste mobile phone circuit board, crushing the waste mobile phone circuit board to 20-180 meshes, and leaching copper in the waste mobile phone circuit board with nitric acid;
2. preparing 1 wt% iodine solution, adding potassium iodide (the molar ratio of iodine simple substance to potassium iodide in the iodine solution is 1:20), and mixing the solution according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: adding 10ml of the mixed solution into an iodine measuring flask, adding a certain volume of hydrogen peroxide as an auxiliary oxidant, wherein the mass fraction of the hydrogen peroxide in the mixed solution is 1%, and adjusting the pH value of the reaction system to 7 to obtain a gold leaching reagent;
3. and drying the residue after copper leaching, and performing gold leaching on the residue in the gold leaching reagent by an iodination method, wherein the gold leaching reaction is performed in an oscillator at room temperature for 4 hours, the oscillation speed is set to be 200r/min, and the gold leaching rate can reach 95%, so as to obtain a gold leaching solution.
4. The adsorbents of examples 1 to 9 were immersed in the gold immersion liquid to adsorb, and the adsorption rates were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1
TABLE 1
| Examples | Adsorption temperature/. degree.C | Adsorption time/h | Solid-to-liquid ratio | Adsorption rate/%) |
| 1 | 50 | 5 | 3：200 | 97 |
| 2 | 40 | 5 | 3：200 | 91.4 |
| 3 | 50 | 5 | 3：200 | 89.5 |
| 4 | 50 | 5 | 3：200 | 76.3 |
| 5 | 45 | 5 | 3：200 | 91.3 |
| 6 | 40 | 4 | 3：200 | 96.8 |
| 7 | 50 | 4 | 3：200 | 98.5 |
| 8 | 50 | 4 | 3：200 | 98.4 |
| 9 | 50 | 4 | 3：200 | 98.4 |
| 1a | 40 | 5 | 3:200 | 96.3 |
In table 1, example 1a is consistent with example 1 except for temperature.
5. Desorbing and electrolyzing the gold-loaded carbon to obtain gold. The overall recovery rate is about 94.5 percent
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for recovering gold from waste mobile phone printed circuit boards is characterized by comprising the following steps:
adsorbing gold in a gold leaching solution of a waste mobile phone printed circuit board by adopting an adsorbent to obtain gold-loaded carbon, wherein the adsorbent is selected from iodine-loaded biochar;
desorbing the gold-loaded carbon and then electrolyzing a desorption solution to obtain gold;
the iodine-carrying biochar is prepared by the following method:
performing anoxic pyrolysis on agricultural and forestry waste at 700 ℃ to obtain biochar;
dipping the biochar in an iodine solution for modification to obtain iodine-loaded biochar;
the temperature of the adsorption was 50 ℃.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the dipping time is 20-24 h, and the I/C ratio in the iodine-loaded biochar is 7-10%;
the iodine solution is an ethanol solution of iodine, and the iodine is dissolved in the ethanol solution to prepare an iodine solution in which 0.5g of iodine is dissolved in 50ml of ethanol.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the adsorbent to the gold leaching solution is (1-1.5) g: 100 ml.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the immersion gold liquid for the waste mobile phone printed circuit board is prepared according to the following method:
A) disassembling a waste mobile phone printed circuit board, crushing, and leaching copper in the waste mobile phone printed circuit board by acid to obtain residue after copper leaching;
B) and drying the residue after copper leaching, and leaching gold by an iodination method to obtain a gold leaching solution.
5. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein the iodination gold leaching method comprises:
adding potassium iodide into iodine solution with the mass concentration of 0.7-1.2 wt%, then adding hydrogen peroxide, and finally adjusting the pH value to obtain a gold leaching reagent;
and drying the residues after copper leaching, and then placing the residues in a gold leaching reagent for gold leaching to obtain a gold leaching solution.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising: desorbing and electrolyzing the gold-loaded carbon, and recovering iodine and the adsorbent.
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| CN105586494A (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2016-05-18 | 黑龙江科技大学 | Method for recycling gold from iodide gold leaching pregnant solution on basis of recycling of waste solution |
| CN105624422A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-06-01 | 黑龙江科技大学 | Recovery method for gold in iodized gold leaching noble solution considering recycling of waste liquor |
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