CN105154678A - Efficient environmental-friendly gold extracting method for electronic components of waste mobile phones - Google Patents
Efficient environmental-friendly gold extracting method for electronic components of waste mobile phones Download PDFInfo
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- CN105154678A CN105154678A CN201510601933.0A CN201510601933A CN105154678A CN 105154678 A CN105154678 A CN 105154678A CN 201510601933 A CN201510601933 A CN 201510601933A CN 105154678 A CN105154678 A CN 105154678A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient environmental-friendly gold extracting method for electronic components of waste mobile phones. The method comprises the following steps: (1) the electronic components of the waste mobile phones are mechanically crushed; (2) the crushed electronic component powder is physically sorted; (3) metal powder reacts with nitric acid to dissolve the vast majority of ordinary metals, therefore residues rich of gold are obtained, and ordinary metal solutions are additionally recycled; (4) the residues rich of gold enter a sealed reactor after being dried and react with a DMSO-CuBr-KBr gold leaching system, and therefore a solution containing gold is obtained; (5) water is added into the solution containing gold for precipitation, therefore a precipitate containing gold is obtained, and the obtained solution can be distilled at high temperature to reuse DMSO; (6) finally, the precipitate containing gold is purified, and thus powder gold is obtained. The method has the characteristics of being strong in technological adaptability, less in acid consumption, efficient and environmental-friendly, high in comprehensive utilization ratio of resources and wide in application prospect, can solve the problem that the electronic components of the waste mobile phones are difficult to handle, and can create significant economic, environmental and social benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to secondary resource technical field of comprehensive utilization, be specifically related to a kind of high-efficiency environment friendly gold extracting method of waste mobile phone electronic component.
Background technology
In recent years, whole world electron wastes just " is created " by the mankind with the speed of about 4,000 ten thousand tons every year, the development of electronic product performance and the continuous expansion of consumer electronics market, digital electronic goods productive consumption quantity in global range is sharply increased thereupon, the electron wastes quantity produced also constantly is rising with the speed of annual 3%-6%, rate of growth has exceeded more than 3 times of total waste, is the fastest rubbish of speedup.
Although contain a large amount of material human health being had to serious harm in electron wastes, but electronic product employs a large amount of noble metals to reach various performance in the fabrication process, wherein contain more than the abundant metals resources such as gold, platinum, silver, copper, iron, nickel of mining deposits.For mobile phone, waste mobile phone is one of best " city rare metal ore ", though volume is little, containing various metals (gold and silver, palladium, copper, iron etc.), metallic substance content is about 40%.Since carrying out mobile communication business from 1987, China's mobile phone popularity rate increases year by year, and cellphone subscriber's quantity also sharply increases.According to Ministry of Industry and Information's statistics, in January, 2015, domestic cellphone subscriber's quantity reached 12.35 hundred million, was that the first in the world mobile phone uses big country.Domestic consumer on average changes a new cell-phone in every 15 months.Current, national waste mobile phone is eliminated amount every year and is about 100,000,000, and the rate of recovery is less than 1%.These waste mobile phone gross weights can reach 10,000 tons, if all recycle, can extract 1500kg gold, 1,000,000 kg copper, 30,000 kg silver.
At present, common waste mobile phone electronic component pretreatment process mainly contains: mechanical approach, wet method, pyrogenic process, biological treatment, vacuum method, treatment with supercritical fluid method or several technology combine.Wherein, biological treatment, vacuum method and treatment with supercritical fluid method were once obtaining the attention of laboratory study, but treatment capacity is limited, therefore to use at present maximum be mechanical-physical facture, wet method and pyrogenic process.And from waste mobile phone electronic component the main or wet method of the technique of gold recovering, common wet method gold-leaching technology mainly contains:
(1) cyanide process
Cyanide leaching of gold is the common method of process gold mine both at home and abroad at present.From ore, soak with prussiate the history that gold has more than 100 year so far, its gold-leaching technology is ripe, and technico-economical comparison is desirable.But, just when cyanide process is in the ascendant, it is found that the fatal toxicity of prussiate.The environmental pollution accident of prussiate in recent years happens occasionally, and the dispute whether cyanide process can continue to use rises one after another, and this has also promoted those research and development to the more friendly non-cyanide leaching gold method of environment greatly.
(2) thiosulfate technique
Leaching of Gold Using Thiosulfate system has the potential application of process Refractory Au-ores, and this leaching gold system has caused the concern of the numerous scientific and technical personnel of field of hydrometallurgy.
Generally do not cause environmental damage due to thiosulphate and be not subject to the interference of extraneous cations, 20 beginnings of the century, someone advises thiosulphate as the golden agent of leaching.Two prewar, the richness silver sulphide ores in South America and the ore of Mexico LeColorado mining site use thiosulphate leaching after chloridizing roasting.The eighties in last century, people started to add cupric ion and sulfurous gas or hydrosulphite as stablizer, afterwards, most exploration work all with the symbiosis gold mine of cupric, carbon, lead, zinc or manganese for research object.
The topmost problem of thiosulfate technique is that the golden speed of leaching is slow and reagent consumption is large.Although add cupric ion can obtain the golden speed of very fast leaching in ammoniacal liquor, also increase the consumption of thiosulphate simultaneously.Up to now, the simply thiosulfate technique technique of economy is not still worked out.
(3) By Thiourea-uv Method
Thiocarbamide synthesizes first for 1868, within 1869, is just found to have good solubility energy to gold and silver.Thiocarbamide research of Leaching of Gold from ore is used to start from the thirties in last century.In acid condition, thiocarbamide can dissolve gold and form cationic complex with it, be swift in response and can leach 99% gold.
Shultz first can be degraded to two sulphur carbonamidines etc. when finding Gold Leaching In Thiourea Solutions can open the material being wrapped in gold surface sulfide film, can stop the further decomposition of two sulphur carbonamidines if now blast sulfurous gas bubble thus suppress thiocarbamide consumption.
The advantage comparing By Thiourea-uv Method with cyanide process comprises: one, little by other Cation Interferences; Two, affect less by the sulphur remained in lime; Three, low toxicity is little to environmental hazard; Four, to the extraction velocity of gold and silver than the fast 4-5 of cyanide process doubly; Five, ore can without pre-treatment.
Although Gold Leaching In Thiourea Solutions has many benefits, and there is minority for industrial production.But following unfavorable face hinders the popularization of thiocarbamide: one, expensive; Two, consumption is large; Three, soak golden step to be left to be desired; Four, still immature from the technique of lixivium gold recovering; Five, be not suitable for processing containing the more ore of basic gangue; Six, in addition, although thiocarbamide is lower than prussiate toxicity, there is authorities doubt thiocarbamide possibility carcinogenic.
In sum, these techniques of soaking golden system process waste mobile phone electronic component are adopted mainly to there are following three problems:
1. although cyanide leaching gold process is very ripe, efficiency of the relatively few waste mobile phone electronic component of its process Gold Content reduces greatly, improves production cost, and due to the hypertoxicity of prussiate, is no longer suitable as the golden substance migration of leaching.
2. the topmost problem of thiosulfate technique is that the golden speed of leaching is slow and reagent consumption is large.Although add cupric ion can obtain the golden speed of very fast leaching in ammoniacal liquor, also increase the consumption of thiosulphate simultaneously.Up to now, the simply thiosulfate technique technique of economy is not still worked out.
3. the popularization of By Thiourea-uv Method is limited by factors, as: expensive, consumption large, soak golden step be left to be desired, still immature from the technique of lixivium gold recovering.Although thiocarbamide is lower than prussiate toxicity, there is authorities doubt thiocarbamide possibility carcinogenic.
The high-efficiency cleaning of waste mobile phone electronic component provided by the present invention soaks golden method, can effectively solve Problems existing in above technique.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-efficiency environment friendly gold extracting method of waste mobile phone electronic component, solving gold in present stage waste mobile phone electronic component cannot the difficult problem of efficient recovery, and it can realize reclaiming the clean and effective of the Precious Metals-Gold in waste mobile phone electronic component and other multiple valuable constituent.
For achieving the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme:
A high-efficiency environment friendly gold extracting method for waste mobile phone electronic component, this gold extracting method is divided into pre-treatment and DMSO-CuBr-KBr to soak golden system soaking golden two portions, comprise the steps:
(1) waste mobile phone electronic component is carried out Mechanical Crushing;
(2) the electronic component powder obtained in step (1) is carried out physical separation, realizing containing epoxy resin is the non-metallic material of master and being separated of the metalliferous material based on copper;
(3) by the metal-powder of gained in step (2) and nitric acid reaction, dissolve the plain metal of the overwhelming majority, obtain rich golden residue, plain metal solution can do other recycling;
(4) richness of gained in step (3) gold residue is entered after drying sealed reactor to soak golden system with DMSO-CuBr-KBr and react, acquisition gold-containing solution;
(5) gold-containing solution obtained in step (4) is added water and precipitated, obtain containing golden throw out, gained solution can through pyrogenic distillation reuse DMSO;
(6) finally purify in step (5) containing golden throw out, obtain bronze.
Further, in above-mentioned steps (1), adopt the single equipment in jaw crusher, impact crusher, shear crusher, ball mill or its combination, waste mobile phone electronic component is crushed to Powdered.
Further, in above-mentioned steps (2), adopt the single sorting mode that comprises in selection by winnowing, flotation, electromagnetic separation or its combination, realize being separated of non-metallic material and metalliferous material in waste mobile phone electronic component.
Further, in above-mentioned steps (3), nitric acid dissolve is carried out to metal-powder, to remove the plain metal based on copper in metalliferous material, after filtration after process, obtain nitrate solution respectively and contain golden residue, nitrate solution can be collected in order to subsequent recovery process; Nitric acid dissolve job requirements is carried out in acid-resistant reactor, and this reactor need be equipped with the absorption treating device of the sour gas such as oxynitride.
Further, in above-mentioned steps (4), soaking golden system with DMSO-CuBr-KBr react containing golden residue in closed reactor after drying, solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:20, and temperature is 70 DEG C, time 10h.
Further, in above-mentioned steps (5), the leach liquor of gained adds water, the copper coprecipitation in the gold in solution and part gold leachate, through clarification filtration process, obtain impure kind few containing golden thing.
Further, in above-mentioned steps (6), the golden thing that contains after aqueous precipitation carries out wet purification process, after filtration, obtains the higher bronze of purity and salts solution respectively; Wet purification job requirements is carried out in acid-resistant reactor, and this reactor need be equipped with the absorption treating device of the sour gas such as oxynitride.
Advantage of the present invention and positively effect:
(1) pretreatment technology of waste mobile phone electronic component provided by the invention is the combination of Physical and hydrometallurgical processes, compared with prior art, technical process is relatively simple, decreases the discharge of sour loss and waste gas, has significant environmental benefit and social benefit.
(2) DMSO-CuBr-KBr of the present invention soaks golden system, with existing cyanide process, By Thiourea-uv Method, thiosulfate technique and other soak compared with golden system, there is the advantages such as low toxicity, environmental protection, good stability, leaching gold time fast and leaching yield is high.
(3) the golden method of leaching provided by the invention, the rate of recovery of gold is about 92.8%, and the rate of recovery is higher, has obvious economic benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present invention process system flowchart.
Embodiment
Be described in further detail object of the present invention below by specific embodiment, embodiment can not repeat one by one at this, but therefore embodiments of the present invention are not defined in following examples.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of high-efficiency environment friendly gold extracting method of waste mobile phone electronic component, this gold extracting method is divided into pre-treatment and DMSO-CuBr-KBr to soak golden system soaking golden two portions, comprise the steps:
(1) take 200g waste mobile phone electronic component, adopt jaw crusher and ball mill that waste mobile phone electronic component is broken into powder, granularity 100 orders and more than;
(2) adopt the mode of selection by winnowing to be separated with non-metallic material by the metalliferous material in electronic component powder, obtain 40g metal-powder and 150g epoxy powder respectively;
(3) carry out nitric acid dissolve to metal-powder, solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:10, after end to be dissolved, filters, obtains the solution based on cupric nitrate and rich golden residue respectively, wash and drying and processing this residue, obtain the rich gold slag that weight is 8g;
(4) in closed reactor, soak golden system with DMSO-CuBr-KBr containing golden residue to react, solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:20, and temperature is 70 DEG C, time 10h;
(5) leach liquor of gained adds water, the copper coprecipitation in the gold in solution and part gold leachate, through clarification filtration process, obtain impure kind few containing golden thing;
(6) the golden thing that contains after aqueous precipitation carries out wet purification process, after filtration, obtains the higher bronze of purity and salts solution respectively, and as calculated, the leaching yield of gold is about 92.8%.
Above example is only and clearly example of the present invention is described, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention, can not resolve the design philosophy surely of the present invention that is limited.Also can be extended out the change of different sorts and proportioning based on above explanation and example, cannot give exhaustive to all embodiments here.As being not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, intercalation and column-supporting agent can be changed according to practical application, and graphene oxide/clay proportioning in the composite, such improvement and change are interpreted as belonging in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a high-efficiency environment friendly gold extracting method for waste mobile phone electronic component, is characterized in that, this gold extracting method is divided into pre-treatment and DMSO-CuBr-KBr to soak golden system soaking golden two portions, comprise the steps:
(1) waste mobile phone electronic component is carried out Mechanical Crushing;
(2) the electronic component powder obtained in step (1) is carried out physical separation, realizing containing epoxy resin is the non-metallic material of master and being separated of the metalliferous material based on copper;
(3) by the metal-powder of gained in step (2) and nitric acid reaction, dissolve the plain metal of the overwhelming majority, obtain rich golden residue, plain metal solution can do other recycling;
(4) richness of gained in step (3) gold residue is entered after drying sealed reactor to soak golden system with DMSO-CuBr-KBr and react, acquisition gold-containing solution;
(5) gold-containing solution obtained in step (4) is added water and precipitated, obtain containing golden throw out, gained solution can through pyrogenic distillation reuse DMSO;
(6) finally purify in step (5) containing golden throw out, obtain bronze.
2. the high-efficiency environment friendly gold extracting method of waste mobile phone electronic component as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in above-mentioned steps (1), adopt the single equipment in jaw crusher, impact crusher, shear crusher, ball mill or its combination, waste mobile phone electronic component is crushed to Powdered.
3. the high-efficiency environment friendly gold extracting method of waste mobile phone electronic component as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in above-mentioned steps (2), adopt the single sorting mode that comprises in selection by winnowing, flotation, electromagnetic separation or its combination, realize being separated of non-metallic material and metalliferous material in waste mobile phone electronic component.
4. the high-efficiency environment friendly gold extracting method of waste mobile phone electronic component as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in above-mentioned steps (3), nitric acid dissolve is carried out to metal-powder, to remove the plain metal based on copper in metalliferous material, after filtration after process, obtain nitrate solution respectively and contain golden residue, nitrate solution can be collected in order to subsequent recovery process; Nitric acid dissolve job requirements is carried out in acid-resistant reactor, and this reactor need be equipped with the absorption treating device of the sour gas such as oxynitride.
5. the high-efficiency environment friendly gold extracting method of waste mobile phone electronic component as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in above-mentioned steps (4), soaking golden system with DMSO-CuBr-KBr react containing golden residue in closed reactor after drying, solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:20, temperature is 70 DEG C, time 10h.
6. the high-efficiency environment friendly gold extracting method of waste mobile phone electronic component as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in above-mentioned steps (5), the leach liquor of gained adds water, the copper coprecipitation in the gold in solution and part gold leachate, through clarification filtration process, obtain impure kind few containing golden thing.
7. the high-efficiency environment friendly gold extracting method of waste mobile phone electronic component as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in above-mentioned steps (6), and the golden thing that contains after aqueous precipitation carries out wet purification process, after filtration, obtains the higher bronze of purity and salts solution respectively; Wet purification job requirements is carried out in acid-resistant reactor, and this reactor need be equipped with the absorption treating device of the sour gas such as oxynitride.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106311442A (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2017-01-11 | 华南理工大学 | Fluidization sorting method of electronic wastes |
| CN108642289A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-10-12 | 南开大学 | A method of recycling gold from waste mobile phone printed circuit board |
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| CN101230421A (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2008-07-30 | 东华大学 | Method for extracting gold from waste circuit boards |
| WO2014156300A1 (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-10-02 | 国立大学法人 東京大学 | Precious metal recovery method using copper halide-containing organic solvent system |
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- 2015-09-21 CN CN201510601933.0A patent/CN105154678A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101230421A (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2008-07-30 | 东华大学 | Method for extracting gold from waste circuit boards |
| WO2014156300A1 (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-10-02 | 国立大学法人 東京大学 | Precious metal recovery method using copper halide-containing organic solvent system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| AKIHIRO YOSHIMURA ET AL: "Novel process for recycling gold from secondary sources Leaching of gold by dimethyl sulfoxide solutions containing copper bromide and precipitation with water", 《HYDROMETALLURGY》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106311442A (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2017-01-11 | 华南理工大学 | Fluidization sorting method of electronic wastes |
| CN108642289A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-10-12 | 南开大学 | A method of recycling gold from waste mobile phone printed circuit board |
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