CN108637790A - A kind of the transform of NC device and digital control system of hand milling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of the transform of NC device and digital control system of hand milling machine, wherein transform of NC device carries out rotation control for being installed on the pedestal of hand milling machine to respective drive, it is characterised in that it includes be sheathed on the drive shaft and be bonded conjunction large bevel gear and large bevel gear it is ratcheting and can rotate horizontally cone pinion, the motor for driving cone pinion to rotate and can transmit or cut off the electromagnetic clutch or shaft coupling of rotary driving force between cone pinion and motor；The present invention directly can carry out simple transformation to traditional hand milling machine can upgrade to CNC milling machine, and at the same time having the function of hand and numerical control.

Description

A kind of the transform of NC device and digital control system of hand milling machine

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of hand milling machine, especially hand milling machine carries out numerical control upgrading or transformation field.

Background technology

Milling machine is one of most widely used equipment of mechanical processing industry, and traditional hand milling machine warranty amount is huge.Relatively Numerically-controlled machine tool, traditional hand milling machine disadvantage on precision, efficiency and user of service's labor intensity are apparent.But it is traditional hand Milling machine all replaces numerically-controlled machine tool, not only needs a large sum of investment, traditional hand milling machine but will be caused to waste；Moreover tradition Hand milling machine also there is intrinsic advantage, such as it is easy to operate, have accumulated abundant experience by long-term application and largely should The field technology talent；

Currently, CNC milling machine can be upgraded to by lacking a kind of directly traditional hand milling machine progress simply can be transformed, and And there is hand and numerical control function solution simultaneously.

Invention content

The main object of the present invention is to provide a kind of hand milling machine to overcome the one or more of the prior art insufficient Transform of NC device and digital control system, it is simultaneously number by the quick upgrading of hand milling machine that it, which can retain the hand function of hand milling machine, Milling machine is controlled, the original mechanical structure of hand milling machine is changed small；

To achieve the above object, the transform of NC device of hand milling machine of the invention, the pedestal for being installed on hand milling machine Rotation control is carried out to respective drive, which is characterized in that including be sheathed on the drive shaft and be bonded conjunction large bevel gear, with Large bevel gear it is ratcheting and can rotate horizontally cone pinion, for drive cone pinion rotate motor and can transmit Or cut off the electromagnetic clutch or shaft coupling of rotary driving force between cone pinion and motor；

Preferably, further include pinion shaft, the electromagnetic clutch has upper rotating part, lower rotating part and clutch outer member； The motor is fixed on clutch outer member bottom, and the rotor of motor is inserted into the lower rotating part of the electromagnetic clutch from the bottom up Axis hole is connect with the axis hole key combination of lower rotating part；The pinion shaft then passes through the upper rotation of electromagnetic clutch from the bottom up Transfer part intermediate shaft hole is pierced by along Z axis from electromagnetic clutch upwards；The cone pinion is set in small tooth above electromagnetic clutch It is combined together on wheel shaft and by spring catch and pinion shaft, cone pinion is enable to follow pinion shaft and electromagnetic clutch The rotation of rotating part on device and rotate；

Further, further include first bearing seat and second bearing seat, wherein there is first bearing seat axis hole, first bearing seat to pass through The shaft hole sleeve on the driving shaft and is fastened on the pedestal of hand milling machine；The first bearing seat is equipped with axis with driving between centers It holds；The second bearing seat is fastened on first bearing seat bottom, and the clutch outer member of the electromagnetic clutch is fastened on second Bearing block bottom；

Further, the second bearing seat is internally provided with bearing；The first bearing seat is located at the partial interior below drive shaft Equipped with the hollow portion for installing cone pinion；The pinion shaft along Z axis enters described the after being pierced by from electromagnetic clutch Bearing in two bearing bracket simultaneously continues up the hollow portion being pierced by into first bearing seat；

Further, the top of the hollow portion of the first bearing seat has axis hole, and first bearing is inserted at the top of the pinion shaft The axis hole of seat hollow portion, is flexibly connected with first bearing seat；

Further, the cone pinion is set in first bearing seat hollow portion on pinion shaft and by spring catch and pinion gear Axis is combined together；

Further, it is additionally provided with clamp spring between the pinion shaft and second bearing seat；

Further, the handle of the hand milling machine is set to drive shaft key combination on the outside of large bevel gear, large bevel gear and hand Handle is attached by the same key in drive shaft；

Further, there is the shaft coupling first half and lower half, the lower half of shaft coupling to be connect with rotor, shaft coupling The first half is connect with pinion shaft；Be additionally provided on the outside of large bevel gear and the ratcheting portion of cone pinion the small bearing of band screw rod and Be arranged with the pinch roller on the small bearing of screw rod with prevent large bevel gear outward with cone pinion be detached from；

The present invention also provides a kind of digital control systems of hand milling machine, which is characterized in that including three hand milling machines as described above Transform of NC device, described three numerical control conversion equipments are respectively arranged on the X of hand milling machine to drive shaft, Y-direction drive shaft and Z To drive shaft；Further include three drivers of the motor rotation for respectively driving three numerical control conversion equipments, motion control card, PC machine and the numerical control software for running on PC machine；When transform of NC device correspondence electromagnetic clutch be powered after, the PC machine with And it runs on the numerical control software of PC machine and the motor of numerical control conversion equipment can be controlled by motion control card and driver To realize that the movement to the workbench of hand milling machine and position control；

Preferably, further include several cylinders, the cylinder is mounted on the X-axis pedestal and Y-axis pedestal of hand milling machine, by gas The control of cylinder is realized in process, is stopped only to X and Y-axis movement；

In conclusion compared with the existing technology, the present invention is exactly to have installed transform of NC device additional by three axis to plain-milling machine Afterwards, the NC postprocessing that hand milling machine has been implemented in combination with by machinery, driving motor and control system upgrades, instead of artificial hand reduction Labor intensity, while processing efficiency and machining accuracy are improved by the precise motion of program-control milling machine；It is controlled by program Plain-milling machine can also be allowed to walk out increasingly complex cutter track, make the part shape that a traditional milling machine is not processed；In addition, avoiding Artificial hand milling machine wastes caused by largely eliminating, and substantially reduces the cost of NC postprocessing upgrading.Finally, the milling machine after upgrading It the advantages of having the function of hand and numerical control, being provided simultaneously with the two, can maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones.

Description of the drawings

It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to embodiment or existing skill Attached drawing is briefly described needed in art description, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only the present invention Some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis Structure shown in these attached drawings obtains other attached drawings；

Fig. 1 is the hand milling machine dimensional structure diagram after being mounted with transform of NC device；

Fig. 2 is transform of NC device dimensional structure diagram in certain preferred embodiment；

Fig. 3 is the floor map at certain visual angle in Fig. 2；

Fig. 4 is partial sectional view at the A-A in Fig. 3；

Fig. 5 is transform of NC device dimensional structure diagram in another preferred embodiment；

Fig. 6 is the floor map at certain visual angle in Fig. 5；

Fig. 7 is partial sectional view at the B-B in Fig. 6；

Fig. 8 is the structure diagram of digital control system in certain preferred embodiment；

The embodiments will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings for the realization, the function and the advantages of the object of the present invention.

Specific implementation mode

Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Base Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art obtained without creative efforts it is all its His embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention；

It is to be appreciated that the directional instruction of institute in the embodiment of the present invention（Such as up, down, left, right, before and after and coordinate are determined Justice ...）It is only used for explaining in a certain particular pose（As shown in the picture）Under relative position relation between each component, movement feelings Condition etc., if the particular pose changes, directionality instruction also correspondingly changes correspondingly；

In addition, in the present invention only to being related to the structure of technical problem solution, when composition proposal is described, for known Necessary structure, part and connection relation, although below do not describe, not equal to being not present in technical solution, less answer Insufficient disclosure reason should be become；

Embodiment one

It is the hand milling machine structure after the present invention program carries out NC postprocessing upgrading in certain preferred embodiment with reference to figure 1 Scheme.The milling machine has the basic structure of the hand milling machine of tradition, such as workbench 5, X drive to drive shaft 21, X-axis pedestal 41, Y-direction Moving axis 22, Y-axis pedestal 42, Z-direction drive shaft 23, Z axis pedestal 43 and the handle 3 etc. in three drive shafts 2.Described X add transform of NC device 1 respectively in drive shaft 21, Y-direction drive shaft 22 and Z-direction drive shaft 23.The digital control rotating Changing device 1 can successively computer, motion control card, driver control under, drive corresponding X to drive shaft 21, Y-direction drive Moving axis 22 and Z-direction drive shaft 23 rotate, and then adjust movement of the milling machine table 5 in three axial directions, realize the shape of corresponding part Shape is processed automatically；

With reference to figure 2-4, below by a drive shaft 2 installed therein such as X to for the transform of NC device 1 of drive shaft 21 into one The concrete structure and operation principle of step description transform of NC device 1：

As shown in the figure, transform of NC device 1 includes first bearing seat 11, large bevel gear 12, cone pinion 13, second bearing seat 14, pinion shaft 15, electromagnetic clutch 16 and motor 17.Wherein, there is first bearing seat 11 axis hole, first bearing seat 11 to pass through The shaft hole sleeve is fastened on by screw etc. on X-axis pedestal 41 afterwards on driving shaft 2.Between first bearing seat 11 and drive shaft 2 Equipped with corresponding bearing.The large bevel gear 12 is flatly nested into drive shaft 2, passes through 121 company of being combined of key with drive shaft 2 It connects；The flank of tooth of large bevel gear 12 is towards first bearing seat 11.Handle 3 is set in 12 outside of large bevel gear in drive shaft 2.It is preferred that In, handle 3 is also to be connect using key combination with drive shaft 2, and large bevel gear 12 and handle 3 share same key 121 to realize It is closed with the bond of drive shaft 2；

The electromagnetic clutch 16 has upper rotating part 161, lower rotating part 162 and clutch outer member 163, wherein motor 17 Rotor 171 is inserted into from the bottom up in the axis hole of lower rotating part 162 of the electromagnetic clutch 16, the axis hole with lower rotating part 162 Key combination connects, and the rotation of motor 17 can drive lower rotating part 162 to rotate.Motor 17 is fixed on clutch outer member 163 Bottom.The pinion shaft 15 from the bottom up pass through electromagnetic clutch 16 161 intermediate shaft hole of upper rotating part after, along Z axis from Electromagnetic clutch 16 is pierced by upwards.Upper rotating part 161 bond conjunction or interference fit etc. of the pinion shaft 15 with electromagnetic clutch 16 Mode connects.163 top of clutch outer member is equipped with second bearing seat 14, and clutch outer member 163 is fixedly mounted on second in other words 14 bottom of bearing block.The pinion shaft 15 enters along Z axis corresponding in second bearing seat 14 after being pierced by from electromagnetic clutch 16 It continues up and is pierced by into first bearing seat 11 after bearing 141.Second bearing seat 14 is fixedly mounted on first by screw etc. The bottom of bearing block 11.Wherein, the first bearing seat 11 is located at X and is equipped with to the partial interior of 21 lower section of drive shaft for installing The hollow portion of cone pinion 13.The cone pinion 13 in the hollow portion of first bearing seat 11 in being set on pinion shaft 15 And be combined together by spring catch 152 and pinion shaft 15, enable cone pinion 13 follow pinion shaft 15 rotation and Rotation.In addition, in second bearing seat 14, it is small to prevent that clamp spring 151 is additionally provided between pinion shaft 15 and second bearing seat 14 Gear shaft 15 is fallen down；15 top of pinion shaft is inserted in the axis hole above 11 hollow portion of first bearing seat, 15 top of pinion shaft It is flexibly connected with first bearing seat 11.Cone pinion 13 it is ratcheting together with large bevel gear 12.The horizontal rotation of cone pinion 13 It walks around the rotation of the vertical plane for changing large bevel gear 12 into；

In it is preferred that, the motor 17 uses servo motor to improve the precision of speed and position control.The first bearing seat 11, second bearing seat 14, clutch outer member 163 can be integrated into one 1 shell of transform of NC device of structure, or perhaps number Controlling conversion equipment 1 has the shell of integral type, and the shell is simultaneously equipped with outside first bearing seat 11, second bearing seat 14 and clutch The structure of shell 163；

When transform of NC device 1 works, if necessary to carry out drive shaft 2 where numerical control is adjusted or workbench 5 corresponding axial Movement and when position, electromagnetic clutch 16 is powered, and the upper rotating part 161 of electromagnetic clutch 16 and lower rotating part 162 are in magnetic force It is attached together under effect；Motor 17 rotates, and the lower rotating part 162 of electromagnetic clutch 16 and upper rotating part 161 is driven to revolve simultaneously Turn；Pinion shaft 15 follows rotating part 161 to rotate；The rotation of pinion shaft 15 drives cone pinion 13 to rotate again；Cone pinion 13 horizontal rotation is ultimately converted to the rotation of 12 vertical plane of large bevel gear.Finally, the rotation of 12 vertical plane of large bevel gear drives Drive shaft 2 rotates and then adjusts workbench 5 in corresponding axial movement and position.When needing hand operation, electromagnetic clutch 16 power-off, the upper rotating part 161 of electromagnetic clutch 16 and the separation of lower rotating part 162；The shake of handle 3, drive drive shaft 2 and Large bevel gear 12 rotates；Large bevel gear 12 is in the rotation that the translating rotation of vertical plane is 13 horizontal plane of cone pinion, last umbellule Gear 13 also drives the upper rotating part 161 of pinion shaft 15, electromagnetic clutch 16 to rotate, the lower rotating part of electromagnetic clutch 16 162 remain stationary as, allow in this way hand shaken when it is lighter；

Above-mentioned transform of NC device 1 is mounted on corresponding three drive shafts 2 on hand milling machine（That is X drives to drive shaft 21, Y-direction Moving axis 22 and Z-direction drive shaft 23）On, it is simply installed by transform of NC device 1, you can realize the quick numerical control to hand milling machine Change upgrading；Hand milling machine after upgrading is provided simultaneously with the function and advantage of hand operation and numerical control operating, and realization is raised Length is kept away short：It avoids caused by artificial hand milling machine is largely eliminated and wastes, substantially reduce the cost of NC postprocessing upgrading, and meet The needs of enterprise's NC postprocessing upgrading, meet the requirement of machining accuracy and efficiency；

Embodiment two

With reference to figure 5-6, in certain preferred embodiment, find that universal artificial hand milling machine is in Z-direction drive shaft 23 by research and development comparison Due to bearing bigger weight, so the handle of its operation is long；And the hand frequency that Z-direction drive shaft 23 operates is opposite The features such as frequency that X is operated to drive shaft 21 and Y-direction drive shaft 22 is relatively low, the shaft end non-threaded of Z-direction drive shaft 23；Digital control rotating The lower scheme of another cost may be used in changing device 1.I.e. relative to the structure of Fig. 2-4, which uses shaft coupling 18 come instead of electromagnetic clutch 16；I.e. the lower half 182 of shaft coupling 18 is connect with 17 rotor 171 of motor, shaft coupling 18 it is upper Half portion 181 is connect with pinion shaft 15；In second bearing seat 14, it is located at the outer of large bevel gear 12 and 13 ratcheting portion of cone pinion Side is additionally provided with the small bearing of screw rod and is arranged with the pinch roller 19 on the small bearing of screw rod；Pass through the small bearing of band screw rod and pressure Wheel 19 can prevent large bevel gear 12 to be detached from outward with cone pinion 13.Though by shaft coupling 18 come instead of electromagnetic clutch 16 It is so at low cost, but when work, when operated, handle shakes to adjust workbench 5Z to position, and the rotation of handle can band Dynamic drive shaft 2, the lower half of large bevel gear 12, cone pinion 13, pinion shaft 15, the first half 181 of shaft coupling 18, shaft coupling 18 Portion 182 and the rotation of 17 rotor 171 of motor, so needing bigger strength that can just shake originally in artificial hand operating process It is dynamic, and since the handle of Z-direction drive shaft 23 is long, so being manually operated also not difficult；

In addition the X of hand milling machine can then continue to change the outfit using the digital control rotating described in embodiment one to drive shaft 21, Y-direction drive shaft 22 Set 1；

Embodiment three

With reference to figure 7, the transform of NC device 1 based on embodiment one or embodiment two, the invention further relates to a kind of hand milling machines Digital control system, it includes hand milling machine, three numerical control conversion equipments 1（Be installed on transform of NC device a from X to drive shaft 21, It is installed on the transform of NC device b of Y-direction drive shaft 22, is installed on the transform of NC device c of Z-direction drive shaft 23）, be respectively used to drive Three drivers, motion control card, PC machine or the industrial personal computer and numerical control software that dynamic 1 motor 17 of transform of NC device rotates. When being processed part using milling machine, parameter configuration or adjustment are carried out by PC machine or industrial personal computer and numerical control software first, Configuration or adjustment after the electromagnetic clutch 16 of three numerical control conversion equipments 1 is powered, it is all it is ready after, PC machine or industry control Machine and numerical control software can export control signal, and the motor 17 of three numerical control conversion equipments 1 of driving is rotated and then dynamically adjusted The workbench 5 of whole milling machine realizes the processing of part correspondingly-shaped in the position in tri- directions X, Y, Z.Pass through transform of NC in this way Device 1 finally formed has hand sum number to the upgrading of hand milling machine, then in conjunction with the automation control of numerical control software The milling machine system of function is controlled, while having both the advantage of the two.The application of the digital control system of hand milling machine is on the one hand instead of artificial It is hand to reduce labor intensity, while improving the efficiency and precision of processing；On the other hand, it is controlled by computer software, Get up than the control of the CNC milling machine of traditional digital display button more intuitive simple, upgrading is convenient, can also realize more diversified intelligence It can control；

It is described in reference diagram 1, can also include several cylinders 51 in the digital control system of hand milling machine, the cylinder 51 is mounted on X On axis pedestal 41 and Y-axis pedestal 42, the control by PC machine to cylinder 51 is realized in process, is carried out to X and Y-axis movement Brake is stopped, and the unnecessary vibration influence machining accuracy of XY axis is prevented；

Either installation site relationship can be expressed with reference to the accompanying drawings or prompt is gone into one for parts as not described above Step is implemented.It these are only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit the scope of the invention, it is every the present invention's Under inventive concept, using equivalent structure transformation made by description of the invention and accompanying drawing content, or directly/it is used in other indirectly Relevant technical field is included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. a kind of transform of NC device of hand milling machine, revolves respective drive for being installed on the pedestal of hand milling machine Turn control, which is characterized in that including being sheathed on the drive shaft and being bonded the large bevel gear of conjunction, ratcheting and can with large bevel gear The cone pinion of horizontal rotation, for drive cone pinion rotate motor and can transmit or cut off cone pinion and electricity The electromagnetic clutch or shaft coupling of rotary driving force between machine.

2. the transform of NC device of hand milling machine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include pinion shaft, institute The electromagnetic clutch stated has upper rotating part, lower rotating part and clutch outer member；The motor is fixed on clutch outer member bottom, The rotor of motor is inserted into the axis hole of the lower rotating part of the electromagnetic clutch and the axis hole bond conjunction side of lower rotating part from the bottom up Formula connects；The pinion shaft then passes through the upper rotating part intermediate shaft hole of electromagnetic clutch from the bottom up, along Z axis from electromagnetic clutch Device is pierced by upwards；The cone pinion is set in above electromagnetic clutch on pinion shaft and by spring catch and pinion shaft It is combined together, cone pinion is enable to follow the rotation of rotating part on pinion shaft and electromagnetic clutch and rotate.

3. the transform of NC device of hand milling machine according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include first bearing seat and There is axis hole, first bearing seat on the driving shaft and to be fastened on by the shaft hole sleeve for second bearing seat, wherein first bearing seat On the pedestal of hand milling machine；The first bearing seat is equipped with bearing with driving between centers；The second bearing seat is fastened on first Bearing block bottom, and the clutch outer member of the electromagnetic clutch is fastened on second bearing seat bottom.

4. the transform of NC device of hand milling machine according to claim 3, which is characterized in that inside the second bearing seat Equipped with bearing；The first bearing seat is located at the partial interior below drive shaft equipped with the hollow portion for installing cone pinion； The bearing and continuing up that the pinion shaft enters along Z axis in the second bearing seat after being pierced by from electromagnetic clutch is pierced by Into the hollow portion of first bearing seat.

5. the transform of NC device of hand milling machine according to claim 4, which is characterized in that in the first bearing seat The top in empty portion has axis hole, and the axis hole of first bearing seat hollow portion is inserted at the top of the pinion shaft, lives with first bearing seat Dynamic connection.

6. the transform of NC device of hand milling machine according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the cone pinion is in first Bearing block hollow portion is set on pinion shaft and is combined together by spring catch and pinion shaft.

7. the transform of NC device of hand milling machine according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the pinion shaft and second Clamp spring is additionally provided between bearing block.

8. according to the transform of NC device of the hand milling machine described in claim 2 to 7, which is characterized in that the hand milling machine Handle is set to drive shaft key combination on the outside of large bevel gear, and large bevel gear and handle are carried out by the same key in drive shaft Connection.

9. the transform of NC device of hand milling machine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the shaft coupling has upper half The lower half of portion and lower half, shaft coupling is connect with rotor, and the first half of shaft coupling is connect with pinion shaft；Positioned at gamp Be additionally provided on the outside of gear and the ratcheting portion of cone pinion with the small bearing of screw rod and be arranged with the pinch roller on the small bearing of screw rod with Large bevel gear is prevented to be detached from outward with cone pinion.

10. a kind of digital control system of hand milling machine, which is characterized in that hand as described in claim 1 to 9 is any including three The transform of NC device of milling machine, the X that described three numerical control conversion equipments are respectively arranged on hand milling machine drive to drive shaft, Y-direction Axis and Z-direction drive shaft；Further include three drivers, the movement control of the motor rotation for respectively driving three numerical control conversion equipments Fabrication, PC machine and the numerical control software for running on PC machine；After the correspondence electromagnetic clutch of transform of NC device is powered, the PC Machine and the numerical control software for running on PC machine can carry out the motor of numerical control conversion equipment by motion control card and driver Control is to realize that the movement to the workbench of hand milling machine and position control.

11. the digital control system of hand milling machine according to claim 10, which is characterized in that further include several cylinders, it is described Cylinder is mounted on the X-axis pedestal and Y-axis pedestal of hand milling machine, by the control to cylinder, is realized in process, to X and Y Axis movement is stopped only.