CN108637782B - Machining center with automatic chip removal device and working method thereof - Google Patents
Machining center with automatic chip removal device and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108637782B CN108637782B CN201810698463.8A CN201810698463A CN108637782B CN 108637782 B CN108637782 B CN 108637782B CN 201810698463 A CN201810698463 A CN 201810698463A CN 108637782 B CN108637782 B CN 108637782B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- 230000017105 transposition Effects 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 30
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013473 artificial intelligence Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000262 chemical ionisation mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/0042—Devices for removing chips
- B23Q11/0046—Devices for removing chips by sucking
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Abstract
The utility model provides a machining center with automatic chip removal device, includes base, stand, headstock, main shaft, tool changing device, workstation, sets up clamping device and chip removal device on the workstation, and chip removal device includes: the annular channel is sleeved on the periphery of the main shaft and comprises an upper annular channel and a lower annular channel, the upper annular channel is fixedly connected with the main shaft box, and the lower annular channel is rotationally connected with the upper annular channel; the lower annular channel is connected with a rotary driving device, and the rotary central shaft of the lower annular channel coincides with the central shaft of the main shaft; the chip inlet channel is obliquely arranged, one end of the chip inlet channel is connected with the lower annular channel, and the other end of the chip inlet channel is close to the cutter point of the main shaft cutter; the chip inlet is arranged at one end of the chip inlet channel, which is close to the knife tip; the chip removal channel is fixedly connected with the upper annular channel and is connected with a chip removal exhaust fan; the chip removing device moves along with the main shaft, the chip inlet rotates around the main shaft and the central shaft of the cutter to absorb chips, and the chip absorbing effect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining centers, in particular to a machining center with an automatic chip removal device.
Background
The numerical control milling machine is automatic processing equipment developed on the basis of a general milling machine, the processing technology of the numerical control milling machine and the numerical control milling machine is basically the same, and the structures of the numerical control milling machine and the numerical control milling machine are somewhat similar. Numerical control milling machines are divided into two main types, namely a tool magazine without a tool magazine and a tool magazine with a tool magazine. The numerical control milling machine with the tool magazine is also called a machining center.
The development of scientific technology and the rising and continuous maturation of world advanced manufacturing technology have put higher demands on numerical control processing technology; the application of the technologies such as ultra-high-speed cutting, ultra-precise machining and the like provides higher performance indexes for a numerical control system, servo performance, spindle drive, machine tool structure and the like of a numerical control machine tool; the rapid development of FMS and the continuous maturation of CIMS will also put higher demands on the technologies such as reliability, communication function, artificial intelligence and adaptive control of the numerical control machine. With the development of microelectronics and computer technology, the performance of the numerical control system is perfected day by day, and the application field of the numerical control technology is expanding day by day.
With the rapid development of social production and scientific technology, mechanical products are increasingly precise and complex, and a machining center is generated, so that the novel machine tool has the advantages of strong adaptability, high machining precision, stable machining quality, high production efficiency and the like. The numerical control machine tool comprehensively uses various technical achievements such as an electronic computer, automatic control, servo drive, precise measurement, novel mechanical structure and the like, and is a development direction of the numerical control machine tool in the future.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is that: the invention discloses a machining center with an automatic chip removal device, which is simple and compact in structure, and the chip removal device moves along with a main shaft, so that chip suction and chip removal can be performed on a source generated by chips all the time, a chip inlet rotates around the main shaft and a central shaft of a cutter during chip suction, chips are sucked around the source in a circulating mode, the chip suction effect is good, and residues are prevented.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above object, the invention discloses a machining center with an automatic chip removal device, which comprises a base, an upright post, a main shaft box, a main shaft, a tool changing device, a workbench, a clamping device arranged on the workbench, and further comprises the chip removal device, wherein the chip removal device comprises: the annular channel is sleeved on the periphery of the main shaft and comprises an upper annular channel and a lower annular channel, the upper annular channel is fixedly connected with the main shaft box, and the lower annular channel is rotationally connected with the upper annular channel; the lower annular channel is connected with a rotary driving device, and the rotary central shaft of the lower annular channel coincides with the central shaft of the main shaft; the chip inlet channel is obliquely arranged, one end of the chip inlet channel is connected with the lower annular channel, and the other end of the chip inlet channel is close to the cutter point of the main shaft cutter; the chip inlet is arranged at one end of the chip inlet channel, which is close to the knife point; the chip removal channel is fixedly connected with the upper annular channel and is connected with a chip removal exhaust fan. The chip removing device moves along with the main shaft, so that chips and scraps can be sucked all the time to the source of the generation of the chips, when the chips are sucked, the chip inlet rotates around the main shaft and the central shaft of the cutter, the chips are sucked around the source in a sequential circulation mode, the chip sucking effect is good, and residues are prevented.
Further, the machining center with the automatic chip removal device is characterized in that the chip inlet is provided with a first chip inlet and a second chip inlet, and openings of the first chip inlet and the second chip inlet face two different directions. Because the cutter and the processing mode are different, the scraps can be ejected from different directions or accumulated in different places, the invention has two scraps suction ports in different directions, can pertinently suck scraps according to different actual conditions, and has flexible use and good scraps suction effect.
Further, in the machining center with the automatic chip removal device, the opening direction of the first chip inlet horizontally faces the cutter point, and the opening direction of the second chip inlet vertically faces the upper surface of the part to be machined.
Further, the machining center with the automatic chip removal device is characterized in that a movable baffle is arranged between the first chip inlet and the second chip inlet.
Further, the machining center with the automatic chip removal device is characterized in that a baffle support is arranged on the inner wall of the chip inlet, the movable baffle is hinged with the baffle support, and the movable baffle is connected with a transposition driving device.
Further, in the machining center with the automatic chip removal device, a bearing is arranged between the upper annular channel and the lower annular channel.
Further, in the machining center with the automatic chip removal device, a buffer channel is arranged between the chip inlet channel and the lower annular channel.
Further, the working method of the machining center with the automatic chip removal device comprises the following steps of: s1, according to a set machining procedure and a set machining requirement, a control system automatically judges the type and the machining mode of a cutter to be used at each stage and performs automatic machining; s2, the control system selects the state of a chip inlet according to the type of the cutter and the processing mode, and the state of the chip inlet comprises the following steps: only the first chip inlet is used; only the second chip inlet is used; simultaneously using a first chip inlet and a second chip inlet; s3, the control system sends out a command to enable the chip removal exhaust fan to operate, machining chips are sucked through the chip inlet, after the chips enter from the chip inlet, the chips enter the buffer channel through the chip inlet channel, enter the annular channel, and finally are discharged through the chip removal channel; s4, the control system sends out an instruction to enable the rotary driving device to operate, the lower annular channel is driven to rotate, and then the chip inlet channel and the chip inlet are driven to rotate around the main shaft, so that machining chips in all directions are sucked; s5, the chip removal device moves along with the main shaft and the cutter, and chips are sucked in real time.
Further, the working method of the machining center with the automatic chip removal device specifically comprises the following steps of: after the control system judges the state of the chip inlet, an instruction is sent to the transposition driving device to drive the movable baffle to rotate so as to reach the appointed position: when only the first chip inlet is used, the movable baffle rotates to the second chip inlet to block the second chip inlet; when only the second chip inlet is used, the movable baffle rotates to the first chip inlet to block the first chip inlet; when the first chip inlet and the second chip inlet are used simultaneously, the movable baffle rotates to the middle position between the first chip inlet and the second chip inlet.
The technical scheme can be seen that the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The machining center with the automatic chip removal device is simple and compact in structure, and the chip removal device moves along with the main shaft, so that chip suction and chip removal can be performed on a source generated by chips all the time, when the chips are sucked, the chip inlet rotates around the main shaft and the central shaft of a cutter, the chips are sucked around the source in a circulating mode, the chip suction effect is good, and residues are prevented.
(2) According to the machining center with the automatic chip removal device, due to the fact that different cutters and machining modes are used, chips can burst out from different directions or are accumulated in different places, the machining center with the automatic chip removal device has two chip suction ports in different directions, can absorb chips in a targeted mode according to different actual conditions, is flexible to use, and is good in chip suction effect.
(3) According to the machining center with the automatic chip removal device, the buffer channel is arranged between the chip inlet channel and the annular channel, the included angle between the chip inlet channel and the annular channel is relaxed, the folding angle of the chip inlet path is reduced, and the blockage of chips is prevented.
(4) The machining center with the automatic chip removal device has the advantages that the chip suction method is simple, the chip suction port is automatically selected according to different machining conditions, and the chip suction efficiency and the chip suction effect are greatly improved due to the fact that the chip is sucked in a rotating mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a machining center with an automatic chip removal device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a chip removing apparatus of a machining center with an automatic chip removing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a chip removal device of a machining center having an automatic chip removal device in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a clamping device of a machining center with an automatic chip removal device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a clamping device of a machining center with an automatic chip removal device according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a tool changer of a machining center with an automatic chip removal device according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a clamping jaw of a machining center with an automatic chip removing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a detailed schematic view of a chip ejection port of a chip ejection device in a third embodiment of a machining center having an automatic chip ejection device according to the present invention;
in the figure:
1-a base, wherein the base is provided with a plurality of grooves,
2-a vertical column, wherein the vertical column is provided with a plurality of holes,
a 3-main shaft box, wherein the main shaft box is provided with a plurality of grooves,
301-a bottom plate, wherein,
4-a main shaft, wherein the main shaft is provided with a plurality of grooves,
a 5-tool changing device, wherein the tool changing device comprises a tool changing device,
501-a tool changing rotary table, wherein the tool changing rotary table comprises a rotary table body,
502-the axis of rotation of the tool changer,
503-a tool changing driving shaft,
504-a transposition bracket,
504 a-the fixing portion,
504 b-the index portion,
505-a knife tool, which is provided with a cutting tool,
506-a tool holder jaw structure,
506 a-a hydraulic telescoping rod,
506 b-the clamping jaw,
506 c-a clamping portion,
506 d-a rotation means, which is arranged to rotate the device,
506 e-an electromagnetic attraction means,
6-the original cutter is used for cutting,
a 7-a working table, wherein the working table is provided with a plurality of working grooves,
701-an auxiliary slide bar, which is provided with a plurality of slide bars,
702-a surface plate, which is arranged on the surface of the substrate,
an 8-clamping device for clamping the workpiece,
801-a regulation plate,
801 a-a first regulation plate,
801 b-a second regulation plate,
an 802-linkage is provided to the base station,
802 a-a first rack of teeth,
802 b-a second rack of teeth,
802 c-the driving gear is provided with a gear,
803-a hydraulic ram device,
803 a-the hydraulic cylinder,
803 b-the ejector pin,
803 c-a belleville spring structure,
803 d-an electromagnetic chuck device,
803 e-the friction plate,
804-a slide block, which is provided with a plurality of slide grooves,
805-an auxiliary slide bar,
9-a chip removal device,
901-a circular channel,
901 a-an upper annular channel, a lower annular channel,
901 b-a lower annular channel,
901 c-a-bearing,
902-a chip-feeding channel, wherein the chip-feeding channel is provided with a chip-feeding channel,
903-a chip inlet,
903 a-a first chip inlet,
903 b-a second chip inlet,
903 c-a removable shutter,
903 d-baffle support base,
904-a chip removal channel,
905-buffer channel.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings.
Example 1
The invention relates to a machining center with an automatic chip removing device, which is shown in fig. 1 to 3, and comprises a base 1, a column 2, a spindle box 3, a spindle 4, a tool changing device 5, a workbench 7 and a clamping device 8 arranged on the workbench 7, and further comprises a chip removing device 9, wherein the chip removing device 9 comprises:
the annular channel 901 is sleeved on the periphery of the main shaft 4, the annular channel 901 comprises an upper annular channel 901a and a lower annular channel 901b, the upper annular channel 901a is fixedly connected with the main shaft box 3, and the lower annular channel 901b is rotatably connected with the upper annular channel 901 a; the lower annular channel 901b is connected with a rotary driving device, and the rotary central shaft of the lower annular channel 901b coincides with the central shaft of the main shaft 4;
a chip inlet channel 902, wherein the chip inlet channel 902 is obliquely arranged, one end of the chip inlet channel 902 is connected with the lower annular channel 901b, and the other end of the chip inlet channel is close to the cutter point position of the main shaft 4 cutter;
A chip inlet 903, wherein the chip inlet 903 is arranged at one end of the chip inlet channel 902 near the knife edge;
the chip removing channel 904, the chip removing channel 904 is fixedly connected with the upper annular channel 901a, and the chip removing channel 904 is connected with a chip removing exhaust fan.
A bearing 901c is provided between the upper annular channel 901a and the lower annular channel 901b in this embodiment.
A buffer channel 905 is provided between the chip inlet channel 902 and the lower annular channel 901b in this embodiment.
The working method of the machining center with the automatic chip removal device in the embodiment comprises the following steps of:
s1, according to a set machining procedure and a set machining requirement, a control system automatically judges the type and the machining mode of a cutter to be used at each stage and performs automatic machining;
s2, the control system sends out a command to enable the chip removal exhaust fan to operate, machining chips are sucked through the chip inlet 903, after the chips enter from the chip inlet 903, the chips enter the buffer channel 905 through the chip inlet 902, enter the annular channel 901 again, and finally are discharged through the chip removal channel 904;
s4, the control system sends out an instruction to enable the rotary driving device to operate, the lower annular channel 901b is driven to rotate, and then the chip inlet 902 and the chip inlet 903 are driven to rotate around the main shaft 4, so that machining chips in all directions are sucked;
S5, the chip removal device 9 moves along with the main shaft 4 and the cutter, and chips are sucked in real time.
In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the clamping device 8 includes: a positioning adjusting mechanism and a clamping mechanism;
the positioning adjustment mechanism includes:
a pair of regulation plates 801 including a first regulation plate 801a and a second regulation plate 801b disposed in parallel and opposite to each other;
the linkage device 802 comprises a first rack 802a and a second rack 802b which are parallel and are oppositely arranged, and a driving gear 802c which is arranged between the first rack 802a and the second rack 802b, wherein the driving gear 802c is connected with the linkage driving device, the first rack 802a and the second rack 802b are perpendicular to the regulation plate 801, the first rack 802a is fixedly connected with the first regulation plate 801a, and the second rack 802b is fixedly connected with the second regulation plate 801b; the linkage 802 is disposed below the table 7 surface plate 702.
The clamping mechanism comprises:
a pair of hydraulic ram devices 803 arranged opposite to each other, the hydraulic ram devices 803 including a hydraulic cylinder 803a and a ram 803b;
a pair of opposing sliders 804, the hydraulic cylinders 803a are fixedly mounted on the sliders 804, and the sliders 804 are slidably connected to the guide rail 701 on the table 7.
In this embodiment, auxiliary sliding bars 805 are respectively disposed on two sides of the linkage device 802, the auxiliary sliding bars 805 are disposed parallel to the first rack 802a and the second rack 802b, wherein the first regulating plate 801a spans the second rack 802b and is slidably connected to the auxiliary sliding bar 805 adjacent to the second rack 802b, and the second regulating plate 801b spans the first rack 802a and is slidably connected to the auxiliary sliding bar 805 adjacent to the first rack 802 a.
The ejector 803b is disposed above the regulating plate 801 in this embodiment.
A belleville spring structure 803c is provided between the hydraulic cylinder 803a and the ram 803b in this embodiment.
In this embodiment, an electromagnetic chuck 803d is disposed at an end of the ejector 803 b.
In this embodiment, the linkage driving device is a servo motor.
In this embodiment, first pressure sensors are disposed inside the first regulation plate 801a and the second regulation plate 801 b; the end of the ejector 803b is provided with a second pressure sensor.
The method for adjusting and clamping the part to be machined by the machining center in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, an external conveying device conveys a part to be processed between a pair of regulation plates 801 of a workbench 7;
s2, the control system sends out an instruction to enable the positioning and adjusting mechanism to operate, the linkage device 802 operates to drive the pair of regulating plates 801 to be in linkage and close to each other, gradually approaches to the part to be processed, and adjusts the part to be processed to an absolute middle position;
S3, when the inner sides of the first regulating plate 801a and the second regulating plate 801b are contacted with the surface of a part to be processed, a first pressure sensor arranged on the inner side of the first regulating plate 801a or the second regulating plate 801b detects a pressure value and transmits the pressure value to a control system, and when the pressure value reaches a set value, the linkage device 802 stops running, and the first regulating plate 801a and the second regulating plate 801b are kept at the positioning positions;
s4, the control system sends out an instruction to enable the clamping mechanism to operate:
s4a, firstly, the control system judges the position to be reached by the pair of sliding blocks 804 according to the size of the part to be processed, and sends out an instruction to drive the pair of sliding blocks 804 to move to the position;
s4b, then, one of the hydraulic ejector rod devices 803 runs, the hydraulic cylinder 803a drives the ejector rod 803b to extend, gradually approaches one side of the part to be processed, and finally pushes against one side surface of the part to be processed, at the moment, a second pressure sensor arranged at the end part of the ejector rod 803b detects a pressure value and transmits the pressure value to a control system, when the pressure value reaches a set value, the hydraulic ejector rod device 803 stops, and the ejector rod 803b is kept at the position;
s4c, finally, the other hydraulic ejector rod device 803 runs, the hydraulic cylinder 803a drives the ejector rod 803b to extend and gradually approach the other side of the part to be processed, and finally the other side surface of the part to be processed is propped up tightly, at the moment, a second pressure sensor arranged at the end part of the ejector rod 803b detects a pressure value and transmits the pressure value to the control system, when the pressure value reaches a set value, the hydraulic ejector rod device 803 stops, and the ejector rod 803b is kept at the position; the part to be processed is clamped;
S5, the control system sends out a command to enable the positioning and adjusting mechanism to reversely operate, and the pair of regulation plates 801 loosen the part to be processed;
and S6, automatically judging the types of the cutters required to be used in each stage and the cutter changing time points of each stage by the control system according to the set processing procedures and processing requirements, and carrying out automatic processing and continuous processing after automatic cutter changing.
In addition, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the tool changing device 5 in the present embodiment includes:
the tool changing rotary table 501 is arranged in the spindle box 3, the tool changing rotary table 501 is driven by a rotary table driving device to rotate along a tool changing rotary axis 502, and the tool changing rotary axis 502 is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle 4;
one end of the tool changing driving shaft 503 is connected with the middle part of the tool changing turntable 501, and the other end of the tool changing driving shaft 503 is connected with the turntable driving device and is used for driving the tool changing turntable 501 to rotate;
more than one transposition bracket 504, more than one transposition bracket 504 is distributed at the outer fringe of tool changing carousel 501 in annular array form, transposition bracket 504 includes: a fixing portion 504a fixedly connected to the tool changing turntable 501, a transposition portion 504b rotatably connected to the fixing portion 504a, and a transposition drive for driving the transposition portion 504b to rotate;
More than one cutter 505 is detachably mounted on each transposition portion 504 b;
the tool changing jaw structure 506, the tool changing jaw structure 506 is arranged below the spindle box 3, the tool changing jaw structure 506 comprises a hydraulic telescopic rod 506a and clamping jaws 506b, the clamping jaws 506b are provided with a pair of clamping portions 506c with opposite opening directions, the clamping portions 506c are respectively arranged at two ends of the clamping jaws 506b, and the hydraulic telescopic rod 506a is connected with the bottom plate 301 of the spindle box 3 through a rotating device 506 d.
The pair of clamping portions 506c in this embodiment have the same distance from the rotation center axis of the rotation device 506 d.
The shifting portion 504b in this embodiment includes a normal state and a tool changing state, where the shifting portion 504b is parallel to and overlaps the fixing portion 504a in the normal state; the indexing part 504b is perpendicular to the fixing part 504a in the tool changing state, and the indexing bracket 504 is L-shaped.
In this embodiment, the cutter 505 is vertically installed at the transposition portion 504b, where the cutter 505 is perpendicular to the spindle 4 in the normal state; the cutter 505 is parallel to the spindle 4 in the cutter changing state.
In the tool changing state in this embodiment, one clamping portion 506c of the clamping jaw 506b is used for being in clamping connection with the tool 505, and the other clamping portion 506c is used for being in clamping connection with the original tool 6 on the spindle 4.
The clamping portion 506c in this embodiment is provided with an electromagnetic attraction device 506e.
In this embodiment, the turntable driving device is a servo motor.
The tool changing method of the machining center in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, according to a set machining procedure and a set machining requirement, a control system automatically judges the type of a tool to be used in each stage and the time point of tool changing in each stage, and when the tool is changed, the control system sends out an instruction to halt the machining action, so that the spindle box 3, the spindle 4 and the original tool 6 are driven to ascend and separate from a workpiece;
s2, the control system sends an instruction to the tool changing device 5, the tool changing turntable 501 rotates under the drive of the turntable driving device and rotates to a corresponding position according to the instruction of the control system, so that the required tool 505 moves to a tool changing station, and at the moment, the required tool 505 and the transposition parts 504b corresponding to other tools 505 are in a normal state;
s3, the control system sends out an instruction to enable the transposition driving operation corresponding to the required cutter 505 to drive the transposition part 504b corresponding to the required cutter 505 to rotate to a cutter changing state, and the required cutter 505 is changed from being perpendicular to the main shaft 4 to being parallel to the main shaft 4;
s4, the control system sends an instruction to the tool changing clamp claw structure 506, the rotating device 506d operates to drive the clamping jaw 506b to rotate to a set position, and a pair of clamping parts 506c of the clamping jaw 506b respectively clamp a required tool 505 and an original tool 6;
S5, the control system sends out a command to enable the electromagnetic attraction device 506e of the clamping part 506c to operate, and the required cutter 505 and the original cutter 6 are attracted;
s6, the control system sends out a command to extend the hydraulic telescopic rod 506a, the clamping jaw 506b drives the required cutter 505 and the original cutter 6 to move together, so that the required cutter 505 is separated from the transposition part 504b, and the original cutter 6 is separated from the main shaft 4;
s7, the control system sends out an instruction to enable the rotating device 506d to operate, drives the clamping jaw 506b to rotate, and enables the required cutter 505 and the original cutter 6 to be transposed, namely the required cutter 505 is moved to the main shaft 4, and the original cutter 6 is moved to the transposition part 504b;
s8, the control system sends out a command to enable the hydraulic telescopic rod 506a to be contracted, the clamping jaw 506b drives the required cutter 505 and the original cutter 6 to move together, so that the required cutter 505 is clamped into the main shaft 4, and the original cutter 6 is clamped into the transposition portion 504b;
s9, the control system gives a command to stop the electromagnetic attraction device 506e of the clamping part 506c, and the required cutter 505 and the original cutter 6 are loosened;
s10, the control system sends out an instruction to reset the clamping jaw 506 b: the rotating device 506d operates to drive the clamping jaw 506b to rotate away from the required cutter 505 and the original cutter 6;
s11, the control system sends out an instruction to enable the transposition part 504b to drive the original cutter 6 to reset to a normal state;
And S12, finishing tool changing, and sending an instruction by the control system to drive the spindle box 3, the spindle 4 and the required tool 505 to descend until the machining position of the workpiece is reached, and continuing the machining action.
Wherein the tool changing station is the lowest end of the tool changing turntable 501. The position of each indexing support 504 and cutter 505 on the tool changing carousel 501 is recognized by a control system that directly issues commands to move the desired cutter to the tool changing station.
Example 2
The invention relates to a machining center with an automatic chip removing device, which is shown in fig. 1 to 3, and comprises a base 1, a column 2, a spindle box 3, a spindle 4, a tool changing device 5, a workbench 7 and a clamping device 8 arranged on the workbench 7, and further comprises a chip removing device 9, wherein the chip removing device 9 comprises:
the annular channel 901 is sleeved on the periphery of the main shaft 4, the annular channel 901 comprises an upper annular channel 901a and a lower annular channel 901b, the upper annular channel 901a is fixedly connected with the main shaft box 3, and the lower annular channel 901b is rotatably connected with the upper annular channel 901 a; the lower annular channel 901b is connected with a rotary driving device, and the rotary central shaft of the lower annular channel 901b coincides with the central shaft of the main shaft 4;
A chip inlet channel 902, wherein the chip inlet channel 902 is obliquely arranged, one end of the chip inlet channel 902 is connected with the lower annular channel 901b, and the other end of the chip inlet channel is close to the cutter point position of the main shaft 4 cutter;
a chip inlet 903, wherein the chip inlet 903 is arranged at one end of the chip inlet channel 902 near the knife edge, the chip inlet 903 is provided with a first chip inlet 903a and a second chip inlet 903b, and the openings of the first chip inlet 903a and the second chip inlet 903b face two different directions;
the chip removing channel 904, the chip removing channel 904 is fixedly connected with the upper annular channel 901a, and the chip removing channel 904 is connected with a chip removing exhaust fan.
In this embodiment, the opening direction of the first chip inlet 903a is horizontally oriented toward the tip position, and the opening direction of the second chip inlet 903b is vertically oriented toward the upper surface of the part to be machined.
A bearing 901c is provided between the upper annular channel 901a and the lower annular channel 901b in this embodiment.
A buffer channel 905 is provided between the chip inlet channel 902 and the lower annular channel 901b in this embodiment.
The working method of the machining center with the automatic chip removal device in the embodiment comprises the following steps of:
s1, according to a set machining procedure and a set machining requirement, a control system automatically judges the type and the machining mode of a cutter to be used at each stage and performs automatic machining;
S2, the control system sends out a command to enable the chip removal exhaust fan to operate, machining chips are sucked through the chip inlet 903, and after the chips enter the first chip inlet 903a and the second chip inlet 903b respectively, the chips enter the buffer channel 905 through the chip inlet channel 902, enter the annular channel 901 and are finally discharged through the chip removal channel 904;
s3, the control system sends out an instruction to enable the rotary driving device to operate, the lower annular channel 901b is driven to rotate, and then the chip inlet 902 and the chip inlet 903 are driven to rotate around the main shaft 4, so that machining chips in all directions are sucked;
in addition, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the clamping device 8 includes: a positioning adjusting mechanism and a clamping mechanism;
the positioning adjustment mechanism includes:
a pair of regulation plates 801 including a first regulation plate 801a and a second regulation plate 801b disposed in parallel and opposite to each other;
the linkage device 802 comprises a first rack 802a and a second rack 802b which are parallel and are oppositely arranged, and a driving gear 802c which is arranged between the first rack 802a and the second rack 802b, wherein the driving gear 802c is connected with the linkage driving device, the first rack 802a and the second rack 802b are perpendicular to the sliding block 801, the first rack 802a is fixedly connected with the first regulation plate 801a, and the second rack 802b is fixedly connected with the second regulation plate 801b; the linkage 802 is disposed below the table 7 surface plate 702.
The clamping mechanism comprises:
a pair of hydraulic ram devices 803 arranged opposite to each other, the hydraulic ram devices 803 including a hydraulic cylinder 803a and a ram 803b;
a pair of opposing sliders 804, the hydraulic cylinders 803a are fixedly mounted on the sliders 804, and the sliders 804 are slidably connected to the guide rail 701 on the table 7.
In this embodiment, auxiliary sliding bars 805 are respectively disposed on two sides of the linkage device 802, the auxiliary sliding bars 805 are disposed parallel to the first rack 802a and the second rack 802b, wherein the first regulating plate 801a spans the second rack 802b and is slidably connected to the auxiliary sliding bar 805 adjacent to the second rack 802b, and the second regulating plate 801b spans the first rack 802a and is slidably connected to the auxiliary sliding bar 805 adjacent to the first rack 802 a.
The ejector 803b is disposed above the regulating plate 801 in this embodiment.
A belleville spring structure 803c is provided between the hydraulic cylinder 803a and the ram 803b in this embodiment.
In this embodiment, an electromagnetic chuck 803d is disposed at an end of the ejector 803 b.
In this embodiment, the linkage driving device is a servo motor.
In this embodiment, first pressure sensors are disposed inside the first regulation plate 801a and the second regulation plate 801 b; the end of the ejector 803b is provided with a second pressure sensor.
The method for adjusting and clamping the part to be machined by the machining center in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, an external conveying device conveys a part to be processed between a pair of regulation plates 801 of a workbench 7;
s2, the control system sends out an instruction to enable the positioning and adjusting mechanism to operate, the linkage device 802 operates to drive the pair of regulating plates 801 to be in linkage and close to each other, gradually approaches to the part to be processed, and adjusts the part to be processed to an absolute middle position;
s3, when the inner sides of the first regulating plate 801a and the second regulating plate 801b are contacted with the surface of a part to be processed, a first pressure sensor arranged on the inner side of the first regulating plate 801a or the second regulating plate 801b detects a pressure value and transmits the pressure value to a control system, and when the pressure value reaches a set value, the linkage device 802 stops running, and the first regulating plate 801a and the second regulating plate 801b are kept at the positioning positions;
s4, the control system sends out an instruction to enable the clamping mechanism to operate:
s4a, firstly, the control system judges the position to be reached by the pair of sliding blocks 804 according to the size of the part to be processed, and sends out an instruction to drive the pair of sliding blocks 804 to move to the position;
s4b, then, one of the hydraulic ejector rod devices 803 runs, the hydraulic cylinder 803a drives the ejector rod 803b to extend, gradually approaches one side of the part to be processed, and finally pushes against one side surface of the part to be processed, at the moment, a second pressure sensor arranged at the end part of the ejector rod 803b detects a pressure value and transmits the pressure value to a control system, when the pressure value reaches a set value, the hydraulic ejector rod device 803 stops, and the ejector rod 803b is kept at the position;
S4c, finally, the other hydraulic ejector rod device 803 runs, the hydraulic cylinder 803a drives the ejector rod 803b to extend and gradually approach the other side of the part to be processed, and finally the other side surface of the part to be processed is propped up tightly, at the moment, a second pressure sensor arranged at the end part of the ejector rod 803b detects a pressure value and transmits the pressure value to the control system, when the pressure value reaches a set value, the hydraulic ejector rod device 803 stops, and the ejector rod 803b is kept at the position; the part to be processed is clamped;
s5, the control system sends out a command to enable the positioning and adjusting mechanism to reversely operate, and the pair of regulation plates 801 loosen the part to be processed;
and S6, automatically judging the types of the cutters required to be used in each stage and the cutter changing time points of each stage by the control system according to the set processing procedures and processing requirements, and carrying out automatic processing and continuous processing after automatic cutter changing.
In addition, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the tool changing device 5 in the present embodiment includes:
the tool changing rotary table 501 is arranged in the spindle box 3, the tool changing rotary table 501 is driven by a rotary table driving device to rotate along a tool changing rotary axis 502, and the tool changing rotary axis 502 is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle 4;
one end of the tool changing driving shaft 503 is connected with the middle part of the tool changing turntable 501, and the other end of the tool changing driving shaft 503 is connected with the turntable driving device and is used for driving the tool changing turntable 501 to rotate;
More than one transposition bracket 504, more than one transposition bracket 504 is distributed at the outer fringe of tool changing carousel 501 in annular array form, transposition bracket 504 includes: a fixing portion 504a fixedly connected to the tool changing turntable 501, a transposition portion 504b rotatably connected to the fixing portion 504a, and a transposition drive for driving the transposition portion 504b to rotate;
more than one cutter 505 is detachably mounted on each transposition portion 504 b;
the tool changing jaw structure 506, the tool changing jaw structure 506 is arranged below the spindle box 3, the tool changing jaw structure 506 comprises a hydraulic telescopic rod 506a and clamping jaws 506b, the clamping jaws 506b are provided with a pair of clamping portions 506c with opposite opening directions, the clamping portions 506c are respectively arranged at two ends of the clamping jaws 506b, and the hydraulic telescopic rod 506a is connected with the bottom plate 301 of the spindle box 3 through a rotating device 506 d.
The pair of clamping portions 506c in this embodiment have the same distance from the rotation center axis of the rotation device 506 d.
The shifting portion 504b in this embodiment includes a normal state and a tool changing state, where the shifting portion 504b is parallel to and overlaps the fixing portion 504a in the normal state; the indexing part 504b is perpendicular to the fixing part 504a in the tool changing state, and the indexing bracket 504 is L-shaped.
In this embodiment, the cutter 505 is vertically installed at the transposition portion 504b, where the cutter 505 is perpendicular to the spindle 4 in the normal state; the cutter 505 is parallel to the spindle 4 in the cutter changing state.
In the tool changing state in this embodiment, one clamping portion 506c of the clamping jaw 506b is used for being in clamping connection with the tool 505, and the other clamping portion 506c is used for being in clamping connection with the original tool 6 on the spindle 4.
The clamping portion 506c in this embodiment is provided with an electromagnetic attraction device 506e.
In this embodiment, the turntable driving device is a servo motor.
The tool changing method of the machining center in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, according to a set machining procedure and a set machining requirement, a control system automatically judges the type of a tool to be used in each stage and the time point of tool changing in each stage, and when the tool is changed, the control system sends out an instruction to halt the machining action, so that the spindle box 3, the spindle 4 and the original tool 6 are driven to ascend and separate from a workpiece;
s2, the control system sends an instruction to the tool changing device 5, the tool changing turntable 501 rotates under the drive of the turntable driving device and rotates to a corresponding position according to the instruction of the control system, so that the required tool 505 moves to a tool changing station, and at the moment, the required tool 505 and the transposition parts 504b corresponding to other tools 505 are in a normal state;
S3, the control system sends out an instruction to enable the transposition driving operation corresponding to the required cutter 505 to drive the transposition part 504b corresponding to the required cutter 505 to rotate to a cutter changing state, and the required cutter 505 is changed from being perpendicular to the main shaft 4 to being parallel to the main shaft 4;
s4, the control system sends an instruction to the tool changing clamp claw structure 506, the rotating device 506d operates to drive the clamping jaw 506b to rotate to a set position, and a pair of clamping parts 506c of the clamping jaw 506b respectively clamp a required tool 505 and an original tool 6;
s5, the control system sends out a command to enable the electromagnetic attraction device 506e of the clamping part 506c to operate, and the required cutter 505 and the original cutter 6 are attracted;
s6, the control system sends out a command to extend the hydraulic telescopic rod 506a, the clamping jaw 506b drives the required cutter 505 and the original cutter 6 to move together, so that the required cutter 505 is separated from the transposition part 504b, and the original cutter 6 is separated from the main shaft 4;
s7, the control system sends out an instruction to enable the rotating device 506d to operate, drives the clamping jaw 506b to rotate, and enables the required cutter 505 and the original cutter 6 to be transposed, namely the required cutter 505 is moved to the main shaft 4, and the original cutter 6 is moved to the transposition part 504b;
s8, the control system sends out a command to enable the hydraulic telescopic rod 506a to be contracted, the clamping jaw 506b drives the required cutter 505 and the original cutter 6 to move together, so that the required cutter 505 is clamped into the main shaft 4, and the original cutter 6 is clamped into the transposition portion 504b;
S9, the control system gives a command to stop the electromagnetic attraction device 506e of the clamping part 506c, and the required cutter 505 and the original cutter 6 are loosened;
s10, the control system sends out an instruction to reset the clamping jaw 506 b: the rotating device 506d operates to drive the clamping jaw 506b to rotate away from the required cutter 505 and the original cutter 6;
s11, the control system sends out an instruction to enable the transposition part 504b to drive the original cutter 6 to reset to a normal state;
and S12, finishing tool changing, and sending an instruction by the control system to drive the spindle box 3, the spindle 4 and the required tool 505 to descend until the machining position of the workpiece is reached, and continuing the machining action.
Wherein the tool changing station is the lowest end of the tool changing turntable 501. The position of each indexing support 504 and cutter 505 on the tool changing carousel 501 is recognized by a control system that directly issues commands to move the desired cutter to the tool changing station.
Example 3
The invention relates to a machining center with an automatic chip removing device, as shown in fig. 1 to 3 and 8, which comprises a base 1, a column 2, a spindle box 3, a spindle 4, a tool changing device 5, a workbench 7 and a clamping device 8 arranged on the workbench 7, and further comprises a chip removing device 9, wherein the chip removing device 9 comprises:
the annular channel 901 is sleeved on the periphery of the main shaft 4, the annular channel 901 comprises an upper annular channel 901a and a lower annular channel 901b, the upper annular channel 901a is fixedly connected with the main shaft box 3, and the lower annular channel 901b is rotatably connected with the upper annular channel 901 a; the lower annular channel 901b is connected with a rotary driving device, and the rotary central shaft of the lower annular channel 901b coincides with the central shaft of the main shaft 4;
A chip inlet channel 902, wherein the chip inlet channel 902 is obliquely arranged, one end of the chip inlet channel 902 is connected with the lower annular channel 901b, and the other end of the chip inlet channel is close to the cutter point position of the main shaft 4 cutter;
a chip inlet 903, wherein the chip inlet 903 is arranged at one end of the chip inlet channel 902 near the knife edge, the chip inlet 903 is provided with a first chip inlet 903a and a second chip inlet 903b, and the openings of the first chip inlet 903a and the second chip inlet 903b face two different directions;
the chip removing channel 904, the chip removing channel 904 is fixedly connected with the upper annular channel 901a, and the chip removing channel 904 is connected with a chip removing exhaust fan.
In this embodiment, the opening direction of the first chip inlet 903a is horizontally oriented toward the tip position, and the opening direction of the second chip inlet 903b is vertically oriented toward the upper surface of the part to be machined.
A movable baffle 903c is disposed between the first chip inlet 903a and the second chip inlet 903b in this embodiment.
In this embodiment, a baffle support 903d is disposed on the inner wall of the chip inlet 903, the movable baffle 903c is hinged to the baffle support 903d, and the movable baffle 903c is connected to a transposition driving device.
A bearing 901c is provided between the upper annular channel 901a and the lower annular channel 901b in this embodiment.
A buffer channel 905 is provided between the chip inlet channel 902 and the lower annular channel 901b in this embodiment.
The working method of the machining center with the automatic chip removal device in the embodiment comprises the following steps of:
s1, according to a set machining procedure and a set machining requirement, a control system automatically judges the type and the machining mode of a cutter to be used at each stage and performs automatic machining;
s2, the control system selects the state of the chip inlet 903 according to the type of the tool and the processing mode, and the state of the chip inlet 903 comprises:
only the first chip inlet 903a is used;
only the second chip inlet 903b is used;
simultaneously using the first chip inlet 903a and the second chip inlet 903b;
s3, the control system sends out a command to enable the chip removal exhaust fan to operate, machining chips are sucked through the chip inlet 903, after the chips enter from the chip inlet 903, the chips enter the buffer channel 905 through the chip inlet 902, enter the annular channel 901 again, and finally are discharged through the chip removal channel 904;
s4, the control system sends out an instruction to enable the rotary driving device to operate, the lower annular channel 901b is driven to rotate, and then the chip inlet 902 and the chip inlet 903 are driven to rotate around the main shaft 4, so that machining chips in all directions are sucked;
s5, the chip removal device 9 moves along with the main shaft 4 and the cutter, and chips are sucked in real time.
The method for selecting the state of the chip inlet 903 specifically includes the following steps: after the control system determines the state of the chip inlet 903, an instruction is sent to the transposition driving device to drive the movable baffle 903c to rotate so as to reach a specified position:
When only the first chip inlet 903a is used, the movable baffle 903c rotates to the second chip inlet 903b to block the second chip inlet 903b;
when only the second chip inlet 903b is used, the movable baffle 903c rotates to the first chip inlet 903a to block the first chip inlet 903a;
when the first chip inlet 903a and the second chip inlet 903b are used at the same time, the movable shutter 903c is rotated to an intermediate position between the first chip inlet 903a and the second chip inlet 903 b.
In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the clamping device 8 includes: a positioning adjusting mechanism and a clamping mechanism;
the positioning adjustment mechanism includes:
a pair of regulation plates 801 including a first regulation plate 801a and a second regulation plate 801b disposed in parallel and opposite to each other;
the linkage device 802 comprises a first rack 802a and a second rack 802b which are parallel and are oppositely arranged, and a driving gear 802c which is arranged between the first rack 802a and the second rack 802b, wherein the driving gear 802c is connected with the linkage driving device, the first rack 802a and the second rack 802b are perpendicular to the sliding block 801, the first rack 802a is fixedly connected with the first regulation plate 801a, and the second rack 802b is fixedly connected with the second regulation plate 801b; the linkage 802 is disposed below the table 7 surface plate 702.
The clamping mechanism comprises:
a pair of hydraulic ram devices 803 arranged opposite to each other, the hydraulic ram devices 803 including a hydraulic cylinder 803a and a ram 803b;
a pair of opposing sliders 804, the hydraulic cylinders 803a are fixedly mounted on the sliders 804, and the sliders 804 are slidably connected to the guide rail 701 on the table 7.
In this embodiment, auxiliary sliding bars 805 are respectively disposed on two sides of the linkage device 802, the auxiliary sliding bars 805 are disposed parallel to the first rack 802a and the second rack 802b, wherein the first regulating plate 801a spans the second rack 802b and is slidably connected to the auxiliary sliding bar 805 adjacent to the second rack 802b, and the second regulating plate 801b spans the first rack 802a and is slidably connected to the auxiliary sliding bar 805 adjacent to the first rack 802 a.
The ejector 803b is disposed above the regulating plate 801 in this embodiment.
A belleville spring structure 803c is provided between the hydraulic cylinder 803a and the ram 803b in this embodiment.
In this embodiment, an electromagnetic chuck 803d is disposed at an end of the ejector 803 b.
In this embodiment, the linkage driving device is a servo motor.
In this embodiment, first pressure sensors are disposed inside the first regulation plate 801a and the second regulation plate 801 b; the end of the ejector 803b is provided with a second pressure sensor.
The method for adjusting and clamping the part to be machined by the machining center in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, an external conveying device conveys a part to be processed between a pair of regulation plates 801 of a workbench 7;
s2, the control system sends out an instruction to enable the positioning and adjusting mechanism to operate, the linkage device 802 operates to drive the pair of regulating plates 801 to be in linkage and close to each other, gradually approaches to the part to be processed, and adjusts the part to be processed to an absolute middle position;
s3, when the inner sides of the first regulating plate 801a and the second regulating plate 801b are contacted with the surface of a part to be processed, a first pressure sensor arranged on the inner side of the first regulating plate 801a or the second regulating plate 801b detects a pressure value and transmits the pressure value to a control system, and when the pressure value reaches a set value, the linkage device 802 stops running, and the first regulating plate 801a and the second regulating plate 801b are kept at the positioning positions;
s4, the control system sends out an instruction to enable the clamping mechanism to operate:
s4a, firstly, the control system judges the position to be reached by the pair of sliding blocks 804 according to the size of the part to be processed, and sends out an instruction to drive the pair of sliding blocks 804 to move to the position;
s4b, then, one of the hydraulic ejector rod devices 803 runs, the hydraulic cylinder 803a drives the ejector rod 803b to extend, gradually approaches one side of the part to be processed, and finally pushes against one side surface of the part to be processed, at the moment, a second pressure sensor arranged at the end part of the ejector rod 803b detects a pressure value and transmits the pressure value to a control system, when the pressure value reaches a set value, the hydraulic ejector rod device 803 stops, and the ejector rod 803b is kept at the position;
S4c, finally, the other hydraulic ejector rod device 803 runs, the hydraulic cylinder 803a drives the ejector rod 803b to extend and gradually approach the other side of the part to be processed, and finally the other side surface of the part to be processed is propped up tightly, at the moment, a second pressure sensor arranged at the end part of the ejector rod 803b detects a pressure value and transmits the pressure value to the control system, when the pressure value reaches a set value, the hydraulic ejector rod device 803 stops, and the ejector rod 803b is kept at the position; the part to be processed is clamped;
s5, the control system sends out a command to enable the positioning and adjusting mechanism to reversely operate, and the pair of regulation plates 801 loosen the part to be processed;
and S6, automatically judging the types of the cutters required to be used in each stage and the cutter changing time points of each stage by the control system according to the set processing procedures and processing requirements, and carrying out automatic processing and continuous processing after automatic cutter changing.
In addition, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the tool changing device 5 in the present embodiment includes:
the tool changing rotary table 501 is arranged in the spindle box 3, the tool changing rotary table 501 is driven by a rotary table driving device to rotate along a tool changing rotary axis 502, and the tool changing rotary axis 502 is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle 4;
one end of the tool changing driving shaft 503 is connected with the middle part of the tool changing turntable 501, and the other end of the tool changing driving shaft 503 is connected with the turntable driving device and is used for driving the tool changing turntable 501 to rotate;
More than one transposition bracket 504, more than one transposition bracket 504 is distributed at the outer fringe of tool changing carousel 501 in annular array form, transposition bracket 504 includes: a fixing portion 504a fixedly connected to the tool changing turntable 501, a transposition portion 504b rotatably connected to the fixing portion 504a, and a transposition drive for driving the transposition portion 504b to rotate;
more than one cutter 505 is detachably mounted on each transposition portion 504 b;
the tool changing jaw structure 506, the tool changing jaw structure 506 is arranged below the spindle box 3, the tool changing jaw structure 506 comprises a hydraulic telescopic rod 506a and clamping jaws 506b, the clamping jaws 506b are provided with a pair of clamping portions 506c with opposite opening directions, the clamping portions 506c are respectively arranged at two ends of the clamping jaws 506b, and the hydraulic telescopic rod 506a is connected with the bottom plate 301 of the spindle box 3 through a rotating device 506 d.
The pair of clamping portions 506c in this embodiment have the same distance from the rotation center axis of the rotation device 506 d.
The shifting portion 504b in this embodiment includes a normal state and a tool changing state, where the shifting portion 504b is parallel to and overlaps the fixing portion 504a in the normal state; the indexing part 504b is perpendicular to the fixing part 504a in the tool changing state, and the indexing bracket 504 is L-shaped.
In this embodiment, the cutter 505 is vertically installed at the transposition portion 504b, where the cutter 505 is perpendicular to the spindle 4 in the normal state; the cutter 505 is parallel to the spindle 4 in the cutter changing state.
In the tool changing state in this embodiment, one clamping portion 506c of the clamping jaw 506b is used for being in clamping connection with the tool 505, and the other clamping portion 506c is used for being in clamping connection with the original tool 6 on the spindle 4.
The clamping portion 506c in this embodiment is provided with an electromagnetic attraction device 506e.
In this embodiment, the turntable driving device is a servo motor.
The tool changing method of the machining center in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, according to a set machining procedure and a set machining requirement, a control system automatically judges the type of a tool to be used in each stage and the time point of tool changing in each stage, and when the tool is changed, the control system sends out an instruction to halt the machining action, so that the spindle box 3, the spindle 4 and the original tool 6 are driven to ascend and separate from a workpiece;
s2, the control system sends an instruction to the tool changing device 5, the tool changing turntable 501 rotates under the drive of the turntable driving device and rotates to a corresponding position according to the instruction of the control system, so that the required tool 505 moves to a tool changing station, and at the moment, the required tool 505 and the transposition parts 504b corresponding to other tools 505 are in a normal state;
S3, the control system sends out an instruction to enable the transposition driving operation corresponding to the required cutter 505 to drive the transposition part 504b corresponding to the required cutter 505 to rotate to a cutter changing state, and the required cutter 505 is changed from being perpendicular to the main shaft 4 to being parallel to the main shaft 4;
s4, the control system sends an instruction to the tool changing clamp claw structure 506, the rotating device 506d operates to drive the clamping jaw 506b to rotate to a set position, and a pair of clamping parts 506c of the clamping jaw 506b respectively clamp a required tool 505 and an original tool 6;
s5, the control system sends out a command to enable the electromagnetic attraction device 506e of the clamping part 506c to operate, and the required cutter 505 and the original cutter 6 are attracted;
s6, the control system sends out a command to extend the hydraulic telescopic rod 506a, the clamping jaw 506b drives the required cutter 505 and the original cutter 6 to move together, so that the required cutter 505 is separated from the transposition part 504b, and the original cutter 6 is separated from the main shaft 4;
s7, the control system sends out an instruction to enable the rotating device 506d to operate, drives the clamping jaw 506b to rotate, and enables the required cutter 505 and the original cutter 6 to be transposed, namely the required cutter 505 is moved to the main shaft 4, and the original cutter 6 is moved to the transposition part 504b;
s8, the control system sends out a command to enable the hydraulic telescopic rod 506a to be contracted, the clamping jaw 506b drives the required cutter 505 and the original cutter 6 to move together, so that the required cutter 505 is clamped into the main shaft 4, and the original cutter 6 is clamped into the transposition portion 504b;
S9, the control system gives a command to stop the electromagnetic attraction device 506e of the clamping part 506c, and the required cutter 505 and the original cutter 6 are loosened;
s10, the control system sends out an instruction to reset the clamping jaw 506 b: the rotating device 506d operates to drive the clamping jaw 506b to rotate away from the required cutter 505 and the original cutter 6;
s11, the control system sends out an instruction to enable the transposition part 504b to drive the original cutter 6 to reset to a normal state;
and S12, finishing tool changing, and sending an instruction by the control system to drive the spindle box 3, the spindle 4 and the required tool 505 to descend until the machining position of the workpiece is reached, and continuing the machining action.
Wherein the tool changing station is the lowest end of the tool changing turntable 501. The position of each indexing support 504 and cutter 505 on the tool changing carousel 501 is recognized by a control system that directly issues commands to move the desired cutter to the tool changing station.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it should be noted that modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the invention, which modifications would also be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. Machining center with automatic chip removal device, including base (1), stand (2), headstock (3), main shaft (4), tool changing device (5), workstation (7) and clamping device (8) of setting on workstation (7), its characterized in that: further comprises a chip removal device (9), the chip removal device (9) comprising:
The annular channel (901) is sleeved on the periphery of the main shaft (4), the annular channel (901) comprises an upper annular channel (901 a) and a lower annular channel (901 b), the upper annular channel (901 a) is fixedly connected with the main shaft box (3), and the lower annular channel (901 b) is rotationally connected with the upper annular channel (901 a); the lower annular channel (901 b) is connected with a rotary driving device, and the rotary central shaft of the lower annular channel (901 b) is coincident with the central shaft of the main shaft (4);
the chip feeding channel (902) is obliquely arranged, one end of the chip feeding channel (902) is connected with the lower annular channel (901 b), and the other end of the chip feeding channel is close to the cutter point of the main shaft (4);
a chip inlet (903), wherein the chip inlet (903) is arranged at one end of the chip inlet channel (902) close to the knife point;
the chip removal channel (904), the chip removal channel (904) is fixedly connected with the upper annular channel (901 a), and the chip removal channel (904) is connected with a chip removal exhaust fan; the chip inlet (903) is provided with a first chip inlet (903 a) and a second chip inlet (903 b), and the openings of the first chip inlet (903 a) and the second chip inlet (903 b) face two different directions; the opening direction of the first chip inlet (903 a) horizontally faces to the cutter point position, and the opening direction of the second chip inlet (903 b) vertically faces to the upper surface of the part to be processed; a movable baffle plate (903 c) is arranged between the first chip inlet (903 a) and the second chip inlet (903 b).
2. A machining center with automatic chip removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner wall of the chip inlet (903) is provided with a baffle support (903 d), the movable baffle (903 c) is hinged with the baffle support (903 d), and the movable baffle (903 c) is connected with a transposition driving device.
3. A machining center with automatic chip removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a bearing (901 c) is arranged between the upper annular channel (901 a) and the lower annular channel (901 b).
4. A machining center with automatic chip removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a buffer channel (905) is arranged between the chip inlet channel (902) and the lower annular channel (901 b).
5. A method of operating a machining center having an automatic chip removal device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, according to a set machining procedure and a set machining requirement, a control system automatically judges the type and the machining mode of a cutter to be used at each stage and performs automatic machining;
s2, the control system selects the state of a chip inlet (903) according to the type of the cutter and the processing mode, and the state of the chip inlet (903) comprises:
Using only the first chip inlet (903 a);
only the second chip inlet (903 b) is used;
simultaneously using a first chip inlet (903 a) and a second chip inlet (903 b);
s3, the control system sends out an instruction to enable the chip removal exhaust fan to operate, machining chips are sucked through the chip inlet (903), after entering from the chip inlet (903), the chips enter the buffer channel (905) through the chip inlet (902), enter the annular channel (901), and finally are discharged through the chip removal channel (904);
s4, the control system sends out an instruction to enable the rotary driving device to operate, the lower annular channel (901 b) is driven to rotate, and then the chip inlet channel (902) and the chip inlet (903) are driven to rotate around the main shaft (4) to absorb machining chips in all directions;
s5, the chip removal device (9) moves along with the main shaft (4) and the cutter, and chips are sucked in real time.
6. A method of operating a machining center having an automatic chip removal device as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the method for selecting the state of the chip inlet (903) specifically comprises the following steps: after the control system judges the state of the chip inlet (903), an instruction is sent to the transposition driving device to drive the movable baffle (903 c) to rotate so as to reach the appointed position:
When only the first chip inlet (903 a) is used, the movable baffle (903 c) rotates to the second chip inlet (903 b) to block the second chip inlet (903 b);
when only the second chip inlet (903 b) is used, the movable baffle (903 c) rotates to the first chip inlet (903 a) to block the first chip inlet (903 a);
when the first chip inlet (903 a) and the second chip inlet (903 b) are used at the same time, the movable baffle (903 c) rotates to an intermediate position between the first chip inlet (903 a) and the second chip inlet (903 b).
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| CN201810698463.8A CN108637782B (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2018-06-29 | Machining center with automatic chip removal device and working method thereof |
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| CN201810698463.8A CN108637782B (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2018-06-29 | Machining center with automatic chip removal device and working method thereof |
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| CN108637782B true CN108637782B (en) | 2024-04-05 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108637782A (en) | 2018-10-12 |
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Effective date of registration: 20241014 Address after: 315000 First Floor, Building 2, No. 1, No. 499 Qihang North Road, Zhanqi Town, Yinzhou District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province Patentee after: Ningbo Longyu Taima Intelligent Machine Tool Manufacturing Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: Room 902, building 4, No. 608, Dongjiao garden, Qiting street, Yixing City, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, 214200 Patentee before: Xue Minqiang Country or region before: China |