CN108637148A - Forging blank Three-section type heating process - Google Patents
Forging blank Three-section type heating process Download PDFInfo
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- CN108637148A CN108637148A CN201810401365.3A CN201810401365A CN108637148A CN 108637148 A CN108637148 A CN 108637148A CN 201810401365 A CN201810401365 A CN 201810401365A CN 108637148 A CN108637148 A CN 108637148A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of forging blank Three-section type heating processes, including：Metal blank to be heated is pushed in preheating section, and surface temperature of the detection metal blank in preheating section in real time；When surface temperature of the metal blank in preheating section is more than the first preset temperature value, metal blank is pushed in bringing-up section, and surface temperature of the detection metal blank in bringing-up section in real time；When surface temperature of the metal blank in bringing-up section is more than the second preset temperature value, metal blank is pushed in soaking zone；Second preset temperature value is more than the first preset temperature value, and the difference between the holding temperature of soaking zone and the heating temperature of bringing-up section is less than preset difference value；In metal blank after soaking zone inside holding preset duration, metal blank is pushed into decompressor and carries out punching press.This method can make the internal and external temperature of metal blank is distributed to tend to be uniform so that the temperature of metal blank is more in line with technological requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heating process technical field, more particularly to a kind of forging blank Three-section type heating process.
Background technology
Currently, metal blank is obtained frequently with process for stamping, and it is stamping require material at room temperature and have it is good
Mechanical strength and plasticity, therefore drop stamping (such as red rush technique etc.) mode, including heating process and stamping procedure are generally used,
Metal material is heated in heating furnace first, the metal material after heating is placed on hot-extrusion mold (Ru Hongchong later
Mold) in, force metal material to be squeezed into answering for mold cavity shapes by complicated flowing in die cavity using the pressure of forcing press
Miscellaneous metal blank.
Heating process before metal blank molding is very important a step, traditional hot forming generally have flame heating and
Electrical heating two ways.Since the flame envelope of flame can lead to heating not with temperature difference, traditional flame mode of heatings such as internal flames
Uniformly, and the temperature of control workpiece is more difficult；And existing electrical heating generally uses direct-fired mode, equally exists heating temperature
The uncontrollable defect of degree.The heating temperature of workpiece is too low, then may result in the metal material in stamping procedure cannot be complete
Fill uniformly with mold；And heating temperature is excessively high, can lead to the irreversible physical property damage of metal material, and the damage is
It is difficult to detected by conventional detection means, so as to cause so-called " qualified " the metal blank service life produced
It is relatively low.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of forging blank Three-section type heating process, to solve to use existing heating process
When metal blank the uncontrollable defect of temperature.
A kind of forging blank Three-section type heating process provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including：
Metal blank to be heated is pushed in preheating section, and detects the metal blank in real time in the preheating section
Interior surface temperature, the preheating section are the first segment of heating equipment；
When surface temperature of the metal blank in the preheating section is more than the first preset temperature value, by the gold
Belong to blank to push in bringing-up section, and detects surface temperature of the metal blank in the bringing-up section in real time；The heating
The heating temperature of section is more than the preheating temperature of the preheating section, and the bringing-up section is the second segment of the heating equipment；
When surface temperature of the metal blank in the bringing-up section is more than the second preset temperature value, by the gold
Belong to blank to push in soaking zone；Second preset temperature value is more than first preset temperature value, and the soaking zone
Difference between holding temperature and the heating temperature of the bringing-up section is less than preset difference value, and the soaking zone is that the heating is set
Standby third section, and the preheating section, the bringing-up section and the soaking zone are arranged for overall structure；
In the metal blank after the soaking zone inside holding preset duration, the metal blank is pushed into punching press
Device carries out punching press.
In one possible implementation, the preheating temperature of the preheating section is 200~500 DEG C；The preheating section
Preheating temperature is 500~900 DEG C；The preheating temperature of the preheating section is 500~900 DEG C.
In one possible implementation, it is described in the metal blank in the soaking zone inside holding preset duration
Afterwards, the metal blank is pushed into decompressor and carries out punching press, including：
It determines the metal blank mean radius, and determines the preset duration of heat preservation according to the mean radius, it is described flat
Equal radius is the average value of the least radius in several cross sections of the metal blank, the preset duration and described average half
Diameter is positive correlation；
Surface temperature of the metal blank in the soaking zone is detected in real time, and is determined in the preset duration
The maximum changing value of surface temperature of the metal blank in the soaking zone；
When the metal blank is in the soaking zone inside holding preset duration and the metal blank is in the soaking zone
When the maximum changing value of interior surface temperature is less than default change threshold, the metal blank is pushed into decompressor and is carried out
Punching press.
In one possible implementation, the preheating section, the bringing-up section and the soaking zone are electrical heating
Stove；The electric furnace includes one or more in electric furnace heating wire heating furnace, power frequency heating furnace, dielectric heating oven.
In one possible implementation, the preheating section, the bringing-up section and the soaking zone are flame heating
Stove；The flame heating furnace has multiple flame fronts, and the flame front is evenly distributed in heating furnace.
In one possible implementation, in the table for detecting the metal blank in real time in the preheating section
After the temperature of face, this method further includes：
It is determined according to surface temperature of the metal blank of detection in the preheating section golden described in current point in time
Belong to the change rate of surface temperature of the blank in the preheating section；
According to surface temperature of the metal blank described in current point in time in the preheating section and the metal blank in institute
The change rate for stating the surface temperature in preheating section adjusts the preheating temperature of the preheating section.
In one possible implementation, in the table for detecting the metal blank in real time in the bringing-up section
After the temperature of face, this method further includes：
It is determined according to surface temperature of the metal blank of detection in the bringing-up section golden described in current point in time
Belong to the change rate of surface temperature of the blank in the bringing-up section；
According to surface temperature of the metal blank described in current point in time in the bringing-up section and the metal blank in institute
The change rate for stating the surface temperature in bringing-up section adjusts the heating temperature of the bringing-up section.
In one possible implementation, determine that the change rate of the surface temperature of the metal blank includes：
Obtain the surface temperature of the metal blank of all timing nodes in preset time period, the preset time
The end time node of section is the current time node；
The surface temperature is divided into n table according to the time attribute of the surface temperature in the preset time period
Face temperature data group has the k surface temperatures being arranged in order according to time attribute in each surface temperature data group, and k is strange
Number, and m-th of surface temperature data group B in n surface temperature data groupmData group weight WmFor：
According to m-th of surface temperature data group BmData group weight WmSurface temperature data group BmIn surface temperature
It is extended successively, determines the surface temperature data group C after extensionm；Wherein, the surface temperature data group C after extensionmIn a
A element cmaWith the surface temperature data group BmIn a-th of element bmaWmIt is identical again, i.e. cma=Wm×bmaa∈[1,
k]；And the surface temperature data group C after extendingmMiddle kth+i element cm(k+i)For：
Wherein, wjFor j-th of weighted value, and
According to the surface temperature data group C after the extensionmDetermine the surface temperature data group BmGrowth data bm：
Wherein,
According to the time difference Δ between the growth data of each surface temperature data group and adjacent surface temperature data group
T determines the change rate p of surface temperature data group, and determines the metal blank according to the change rate p of surface temperature data group
Change rate P of the surface temperature in current point in time：
A kind of forging blank Three-section type heating process provided in an embodiment of the present invention, metal blank use is preheated,
Heating, three sections of heat preservation are heated, and are determined the cut-point of every section of heating with the surface temperature of metal blank so that three sections
The heating condition of heating is more in line with attribute of metal blank itself.Metal blank can make metal blank in soaking zone
Inside gradually heat up, it is final so that the internal and external temperature distribution of metal blank tends to be uniform；Meanwhile the holding temperature of soaking zone
It can remain unchanged or variation range will be smaller, the control process to soaking zone can be simplified at this time, while also can guarantee heat preservation
The temperature characterisitic of metal blank afterwards.The preheating duration of heat preservation is targetedly determined based on the mean radius of metal blank,
So that preheating duration is more in line with the requirement of metal blank；Meanwhile introducing surface temperature of the metal blank in soaking zone most
Big this judgement benchmark of changing value, it is ensured that the internal and external temperature of metal blank is evenly distributed and bulk temperature meet it is crowded
The requirement for pressing process, is effectively ensured the physical characteristic and casting quality of subsequent extrusion forming process medium casting.By to preheating temperature
The dynamic of degree and heating temperature adjusts, and can shorten the time needed for warm and heating process, so that metal blank
Performance temperature can be rapidly achieved technological requirement, save the time.When gauging surface rate of temperature change, the extension of surface temperature
The dimension value of aggregation of data all surface temperature, and the weighted value of different surfaces temperature data group is as time attribute is in first power
Function increases, the weighted value of different surfaces temperature is as time attribute is in ond power function growth so that growth data with it is newest
Degree of correlation higher between obtained surface temperature, growth data can also be effectively ensured when surface temperature changes greatly
Real-time；The variation fluctuation of surface temperature group internal surface temperature can be reduced by being filtered simultaneously so that finally determine
Change rate is more in line with the actual change situation of surface temperature.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description, also, partly becomes from specification
It obtains it is clear that understand through the implementation of the invention.The purpose of the present invention and other advantages can be by the explanations write
Specifically noted structure is realized and is obtained in book, claims and attached drawing.
Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and a part for constitution instruction, the reality with the present invention
It applies example to be used to explain the present invention together, not be construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of forging blank Three-section type heating process in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that preferred reality described herein
Apply example only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention.
A kind of forging blank Three-section type heating process provided in an embodiment of the present invention may be implemented to metal blank
(i.e. forging blank) temperature accurately controls, and the heating equipment for implementing the process specifically includes three parts：Preheating section,
Bringing-up section and soaking zone, and preheating section, bringing-up section and soaking zone are arranged in overall structure, i.e., three sections can be an entirety, only
Be each section effect it is different or three sections between be sequentially connected, such as seamless connection etc.；Metal blank to be heated first exists
Preheated in preheating section, heated in bringing-up section later, finally soaking zone inside holding for a period of time, be finally completed
The heating process of metal blank can carry out the processes such as punching press later.Specifically, shown in Figure 1, which includes
Step 101-104：
Step 101：Metal blank to be heated is pushed in preheating section, and detects metal blank in real time in preheating section
Interior surface temperature, the preheating section are the first segment of heating equipment.
In the embodiment of the present invention, metal blank to be heated is the workpiece for needing to carry out follow-up drop stamping, can be copper
And the metals such as copper alloy, aluminium and aluminium alloy, steel；Meanwhile it can be according to the size demand of metal blank from a metal
The blanking in a manner of sawing in dispensing can also use other modes to obtain, and the application does not limit.In the embodiment of the present invention,
Metal blank is sent to the first segment of heating equipment, i.e. preheating section first.In order to realize the accurate control to temperature in preheating section
System, the preheating section are electric preheating section, are specifically as follows electric furnace.Under normal circumstances, the preheating temperature and room temperature of preheating section
Difference will not be especially big, to avoid metal blank because of the too fast material property for causing to damage metal blank that heats up.Preheating section it is pre-
Hot temperature can be specifically the environment temperature in preheating section, can also be according to the power and preheating section inner cavity ruler of electric furnace
It is very little to determine the preheating temperature of preheating section.
Meanwhile the temperature measuring equipment for detecting metal blank surface temperature is equipped in preheating section, for detecting metal in real time
The surface temperature of metal blank when blank is in preheating section；The temperature measuring equipment is specifically as follows the infrared survey of wide temperature-measuring range
Warm instrument etc., as long as wider and suitable temperature range (such as 0~1000 DEG C) can be measured.
Step 102：When surface temperature of the metal blank in preheating section is more than the first preset temperature value, by metal kernel
Base pushes in bringing-up section, and surface temperature of the detection metal blank in bringing-up section in real time；The heating temperature of bringing-up section is more than
The preheating temperature of preheating section, bringing-up section are the second segment of the heating equipment.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when surface temperature of the metal blank in preheating section is more than the first preset temperature value, say
Bright warm terminates, and at this time can send metal blank to being heated at high temperature in bringing-up section.Likewise, in order to realize pair
Temperature accurately controls in bringing-up section, which is electric heater section, is specifically as follows electric furnace.The heating temperature of bringing-up section
Degree is more than the preheating temperature of preheating section, the quick heating with realization to metal blank.The heating temperature of bringing-up section can be specifically
Environment temperature in bringing-up section can also determine bringing-up section according to chamber size in the power of electric furnace and bringing-up section
Heating temperature.Meanwhile the temperature measuring equipment for detecting metal blank surface temperature is equipped in bringing-up section, for detecting gold in real time
The surface temperature of metal blank when belonging to blank in bringing-up section；The temperature measuring equipment is specifically as follows the infrared of wide temperature-measuring range
Temperature measurer etc., as long as wider and suitable temperature range (such as 0~1000 DEG C) can be measured.
Step 103：When surface temperature of the metal blank in bringing-up section is more than the second preset temperature value, by metal kernel
Base pushes in soaking zone；Second preset temperature value is more than the first preset temperature value, and the holding temperature and bringing-up section of soaking zone
Heating temperature between difference be less than preset difference value, soaking zone be heating equipment third section.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when surface temperature of the metal blank in bringing-up section is more than the second preset temperature value, say
The surface temperature of the bright metal blank has had reached preset value, and metal blank at this time has substantially met punching press condition.But
When being that metal blank is usually column (such as cylinder etc.), and being heated to metal blank using Electric heating,
Due to the presence of kelvin effect, it is standard compliant to lead to the surface temperature of metal blank, but the temperature inside metal blank
It is relatively low, if metal blank is directly carried out punching press at this time, since metal blank internal temperature is relatively low and temperature distributing disproportionation
The even casting for causing to be stamped and formed out is undesirable.In this law inventive embodiments, in order to avoid the influence of kelvin effect, in gold
Belong to surface temperature of the blank in bringing-up section to be more than after the second preset temperature value, continues metal blank pushing to soaking zone
It is interior, so that metal blank can gradually heat up to the inside of metal blank in soaking zone, so that metal kernel
The Temperature Distribution of base tends to be uniform.Meanwhile the holding temperature of soaking zone can remain unchanged that (such as the power of soaking zone is constant
Deng) or variation range will be smaller, only need at this time concern heat preservation duration, the control process to soaking zone can be simplified, together
When also can guarantee heat preservation after metal blank temperature characterisitic.
Likewise, accurately controlled to temperature in soaking zone to realize, which is electric soaking zone, specifically can be with
For electric furnace.Meanwhile the difference between the holding temperature of soaking zone and the heating temperature of bringing-up section is less than preset difference value.It can
Choosing, the holding temperature of soaking zone and the heating temperature of bringing-up section are consistent, or are slightly less than the heating temperature of bringing-up section.
The holding temperature of soaking zone can be specifically the environment temperature in soaking zone, power that can also be according to electric furnace and guarantor
Chamber size determines the holding temperature of soaking zone in temperature section.
Step 104：In metal blank after soaking zone inside holding preset duration, metal blank is pushed into decompressor
Carry out punching press.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the period (i.e. preset duration) of a heat preservation is preset, when metal blank is in soaking zone
After keeping the temperature the preset duration, the Temperature Distribution of metal blank tends to be uniform, at this time can send metal blank to subsequent punching press
Technological process.
Compared with the heating process of existing direct electro heating, existing heating process is generally according in acquisition heating furnace
Temperature controls heating time, but the temperature of the workpiece in the temperature and heating furnace of heating furnace still has difference；Even if existing
Heating process acquisition workpiece surface temperature, but due to the presence of kelvin effect, the surface temperature of workpiece is not workpiece
Bulk temperature, existing heating process still cannot accurately control the temperature of workpiece.And one kind provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Forging blank Three-section type heating process, to metal blank using three sections of preheating, heating, heat preservation heat treatment, and with metal
The surface temperature of blank come determine every section heating cut-point so that three sections heating heating conditions be more in line with metal blank
Attribute itself.Metal blank can make the inside of metal blank gradually heat up in soaking zone, finally so that metal blank
Internal and external temperature distribution tend to be uniform；Meanwhile the holding temperature of soaking zone can remain unchanged or variation range will be smaller, this
When can simplify control process to soaking zone, while also can guarantee the temperature characterisitic of the metal blank after heat preservation.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the preheating temperature of preheating section is 200~500 DEG C；The preheating temperature of preheating section is
500~900 DEG C；The preheating temperature of preheating section is 500~900 DEG C.In the embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of three devices specifically may be used
To be determined according to the material of metal blank；For example, when metal blank is copper workpiece, the preheating temperature of preheating section is 400
± 20 DEG C, the preheating temperature of preheating section is 700 ± 20 DEG C, and the preheating temperature of preheating section is 700 ± 20 DEG C etc., it also may be selected
His temperature, depending on actual conditions.
On the basis of the above embodiments, step 104 " in metal blank after soaking zone inside holding preset duration, will be golden
Belong to blank and push to decompressor progress punching press ", including step A1-A3：
Step A1：It determines metal blank mean radius, and determines the preset duration of heat preservation according to mean radius, average half
Diameter is the average value of the least radius in several cross sections of metal blank, and preset duration is positive correlation with mean radius.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a main function of soaking zone is to eliminate kelvin effect, with cylindrical metal blank
For, the radius of metal blank cross section is bigger, and metal blank internal temperature is comparatively lower, that is, needs the guarantor more lengthened
The mean radius of warm time, that is, the preset duration and metal blank that keep the temperature are positive correlation.Specifically, along metal blank
Length direction intercept N number of cross section at random, and determine the least radius in each cross section, and by N number of cross section least radius
Mean radius of the average value as the metal blank.Wherein, the least radius in cross section is referred to by cross section barycenter
Minimum range between two points intersected around straight line and the cross section surface.For example, cross section is ellipse, then the minimum
Radius refers to the half of ellipse short shaft；If cross section is circle, which is circular radius.
Step A2：Surface temperature of the detection metal blank in soaking zone in real time, and determine the metal kernel in preset duration
The maximum changing value of surface temperature of the base in soaking zone.
It also is provided with, for detecting the temperature measuring equipment of metal blank surface temperature, being used in the embodiment of the present invention, in soaking zone
The surface temperature of metal blank when detection metal blank is in soaking zone in real time；The temperature measuring equipment is specifically as follows wide thermometric
The infrared radiation thermometer etc. of range, as long as wider and suitable temperature range (such as 0~1000 DEG C) can be measured.Together
When, record metal blank from soaking zone is entered to going out all surface temperature of the soaking zone during this (i.e. in preset duration),
Using the difference between the maximized surface temperature of all surface temperature and minimal surface temperature as metal blank in soaking zone
The maximum changing value of surface temperature.
Step A3：When surface temperature of the metal blank in soaking zone inside holding preset duration and metal blank in soaking zone
When the maximum changing value of degree is less than default change threshold, metal blank is pushed into decompressor and carries out punching press.
When metal blank is in soaking zone inside holding preset duration, illustrate that the internal and external temperature distribution of metal blank tends to be equal
It is even；Meanwhile the maximum changing value of surface temperature of the metal blank in soaking zone illustrates metal when being less than default change threshold
Without the excessive or cooling because insulating process causes to heat up, excessively, i.e., the internal and external temperature of metal blank divides the surface temperature of blank
Cloth is uniformly and surface temperature also complies with the requirement of extrusion process, i.e. the bulk temperature of metal blank meets wanting for extrusion process
It asks, can carry out hot extrusion to metal blank at this time.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the preheating duration of heat preservation is targetedly determined based on the mean radius of metal blank,
So that preheating duration is more in line with the requirement of metal blank；Meanwhile introducing surface temperature of the metal blank in soaking zone most
This judgement benchmark of big changing value, it is ensured that the internal and external temperature of metal blank is evenly distributed and bulk temperature meets extruding
The physical characteristic and casting quality of subsequent extrusion forming process medium casting is effectively ensured in the requirement of process.
In the embodiment of the present invention, electric furnace includes one in electric furnace heating wire heating furnace, power frequency heating furnace, dielectric heating oven
Kind is a variety of.Meanwhile preheating section, bringing-up section and soaking zone can also be all made of flame heating furnace；In order to improve the control to temperature
Precision, which is distributed flame heating furnace, specifically, flame heating furnace has multiple flame fronts, and multiple fire
Flame head is evenly distributed in heating furnace.Wherein it is possible to a flame heating furnace is divided into three sections, i.e., preheating section, bringing-up section and
Soaking zone adjusts each section of temperature, to realize temperature by the flame size and quantity of each section of multiple flame fronts of adjusting
Degree control.
When being heated using flame heating or electric furnace heating wire, there are heat transfer processes for the metal blank in heating equipment, i.e.,
It is first hot close to the surface of flame or the metal blank of electric furnace heating wire, the inside of metal blank is conducted heat to later；Likewise,
As described above, when using power frequency heating or high-frequency heating, due to the presence of kelvin effect, the heating process of metal blank is still
It is to be conducted from metal blank surface to inside.Therefore the heating means of traditional metal blank are easy to cause the temperature of metal blank
It is unevenly distributed, i.e., the strength of materials of the different location of metal blank is different, and deformability is also different, at this time to Temperature Distribution
Non-uniform metal blank can cause when being forged metal blank part deform excessively and another part deformation not enough very
To damage material crystal layer.Exteriorly come due to single, the metal casting forged has no damage, therefore user is using such
The problem of just will appear metal casting damage or even fracture after the metal casting short period.In the embodiment of the present invention, metal kernel
Base can make the inside of metal blank gradually heat up in soaking zone, final so that the internal and external temperature distribution of metal blank becomes
In uniform so that the different location of metal blank has substantially the same deformability, so that in follow-up stamping procedure
Homogeneous deformation can be realized to metal blank, the qualification rate and quality of metal casting can be greatly improved.
On the basis of the above embodiments, in step 101 " surface temperature of the detection metal blank in preheating section in real time "
Later, which further includes：Step B1-B2：
Step B1：It is determined in current point in time metal kernel according to surface temperature of the metal blank of detection in preheating section
The change rate of surface temperature of the base in preheating section.
Step B2：According to surface temperature of the current point in time metal blank in preheating section and metal blank in preheating section
The preheating temperature of the change rate adjustment preheating section of interior surface temperature.
Likewise, after step 102 " surface temperature of the detection metal blank in bringing-up section in real time ", this method is also
Including step C1-C2：
Step C1：It is determined in current point in time metal kernel according to surface temperature of the metal blank of detection in bringing-up section
The change rate of surface temperature of the base in bringing-up section.
Step C2：According to surface temperature of the current point in time metal blank in bringing-up section and metal blank in bringing-up section
The heating temperature of the change rate adjustment bringing-up section of interior surface temperature.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the preheating temperature of preheating section and the heating temperature of bringing-up section can remain unchanged；It is optional
, it can also be according to the heating of the preheating temperature and bringing-up section of above-mentioned steps B1-B2 and step C1-C2 dynamic adjustment preheating sections
Temperature.
Specifically, by taking heating process as an example, if the change rate of surface temperature is higher, surface temperature is relatively low, illustrate be
In the primary stage of heating, heating temperature can be improved at this time quickly to improve the temperature (i.e. surface temperature) of metal blank；If
The change rate of surface temperature is higher and surface temperature is also higher, then illustrates to heat up at this time too fast, be easy to cause metal blank surface
Temperature is excessively high, so when can reduce heating temperature；If the change rate of surface temperature is relatively low and surface temperature is higher, illustrate
At this time in the later stage of heating period, the surface temperature of metal blank may reach the second preset temperature value at any time, due to temperature
Interconversion rate is relatively low, that is, be in controllable state, so when heating temperature can be kept constant；If the change rate of surface temperature is relatively low
And surface temperature is relatively low, illustrates that heating temperature is too low at this time, needs to improve heating temperature.
Wherein, during heating, it is compared with a preset heating temperature value that surface temperature is relatively low or higher
's；Likewise, a preheating temperature value also is provided in warm, and heating temperature value is more than preheating temperature value.Meanwhile
The preheating temperature and heating temperature adjusted in warm and heating process all has corresponding temperature regulating range, to keep away
Exempt from too high or too low for temperature.
In the embodiment of the present invention, by the adjustment of the dynamic of preheating temperature and heating temperature, can shorten warm and
Time needed for heating process saves the time so that the performance temperature of metal blank can be rapidly achieved technological requirement.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the table that same mode determines metal blank may be used in step B1 and step B2
The change rate of face temperature, specifically, determining that the process of the change rate of the surface temperature of metal blank includes step D1-D5：
Step D1：Obtain the surface temperature of the metal blank of all timing nodes in preset time period, preset time period
End time node be current time node.
In the embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of current time node, the previous period (i.e. preset time period) of acquisition
The surface temperature of the metal blank of interior all timing nodes determines current time node according to the surface temperature of selection
The change rate of surface temperature.
Step D2：Surface temperature is divided into n surface temperature according to the time attribute of the surface temperature in preset time period
Data group, there is the k surface temperatures being arranged in order according to time attribute in each surface temperature data group, and k is odd number, and n
M-th of surface temperature data group B in surface temperature data groupmData group weight WmFor：
In the embodiment of the present invention, since surface temperature is one-to-one, therefore the surface temperature of metal blank with timing node
Degree all has time attribute, and the time attribute is relevant with timing node.It can be by preset time period according to time attribute
Interior whole surface temperature is divided into multiple surface temperature data groups；Simultaneously as the time span of preset time period is adjustable
, it can then ensure whole surface temperatures being divided into multiple surface temperature datas by the suitable preset time period of determination
Group, and include odd number surface temperature in each surface temperature data group.For example, preset time period includes 27 timing nodes,
Include then 27 surface temperatures, and the last one surface temperature is the surface temperature of the metal blank of current time node, if in advance
It, then can be according to the sequencing of time interception the if including 9 surface temperatures (i.e. k=9) in each surface temperature data group
1 to the 9th surface temperature is as first surface temperature data group, and the 10th to the 18th surface temperature of interception is as the
Two surface temperature data groups, the 19th to the 27th surface temperature of interception is as third surface temperature data group, the 27th
Surface temperature is the surface temperature of current time node.
After the surface temperature in preset time period is divided into n surface temperature data group, due to different surface temperatures
There is data group different time attributes, the surface temperature data group closer apart from current time can more embody preset time period
The characteristic of internal surface temperature, therefore be surface temperature data group B according to chronological order in the embodiment of the present inventionmDistribute data
Group weight Wm.Simultaneously：
That is, the sum of all data group weights are 1, all surface temperature data groups can be made to the greatest extent may be used on the whole
The characteristic of element before capable of keeping.
Meanwhile step D2 medium time intervals intercept surface temperature data group, to ensure two adjacent surface temperatures
Time difference between data group is fixed value Δ T.Wherein, the time of surface temperature data group is specifically as follows surface temperature number
According to the time attribute of first surface temperature in group, or the time attribute of the last one surface temperature, the present embodiment pair
This is not limited, as long as different surface temperature data groups determines the time of surface temperature data group according to unified standard.
Step D3：According to m-th of surface temperature data group BmData group weight WmSurface temperature data group BmIn
Surface temperature is extended successively, determines the surface temperature data group C after extensionm；Wherein, the surface temperature data after extension
Group CmIn a-th of element cmaWith surface temperature data group BmIn a-th of element bmaWmIt is identical again, i.e. cma=Wm×bmaa∈
[1,k]；And the surface temperature data group C after extendingmMiddle kth+i element cm(k+i)For：
Wherein, wjFor j-th of weighted value, and
In the embodiment of the present invention, m-th of surface temperature data group BmIn include k surface temperature, be followed successively by bm1,
bm2,…,bmk；Surface temperature data group B latermIt is extended, the surface temperature data group C after being expandedm.Wherein,
When a ∈ [1, k], the surface temperature data group C after extensionmIn a-th of element cmaWith surface temperature data group BmIn a-th
Element bmaWmIt is identical again, i.e. cma=Wm×bma.Surface temperature data group C after extensionmOne shared 2k element, data group
CmIn the value of rear k element be specially：
Wherein, cm(k+i)(or cmk+i) be extension after surface temperature data group CmMiddle kth+i elements, cm(i+j-1)
Indicate the surface temperature data group C after extensionmIn (i+j-1) a element, and so on." expand successively in the embodiment of the present invention
Exhibition " refers to first extending to obtain cmk+1, extend obtain cm laterk+2, then extend to obtain cmk+3... ..., until extension obtains institute
There is required element to get to cm2k.That is, when determining surface temperature data group C after extensionmPreceding k element after, first really
Determine cmk+1：
Wherein, k weighted value is preset, j-th of weighted value is wj, andJ is got over
Greatly, weighted value wjBigger (j=1,2 ..., k), and weighted value increases in ond power function, since surface temperature is according to the time
Attribute arranges, then the weighted value of the surface temperature of time rearward is bigger, so that the element cm after extensionk+iRearward with the time
Surface temperature between degree of correlation higher.Meanwhile the sum of k weighted value is：
I.e. the sum of k weighted value is 1, so that the extensible element cm after calculatingk+iMember before keeping as far as possible
The overall characteristic of element reduces error caused by extension process as possible.
Step D4：According to the surface temperature data group C after extensionmDetermine surface temperature data group BmGrowth data bm：
Wherein,
In the embodiment of the present invention, the surface temperature data group C after extending is being determinedmAfterwards, due to the surface temperature after the extension
Degrees of data group CmIn extensible element be not true sampled value, error can be introduced in calculating process；Therefore the present invention is implemented
Gaussian filtering sequence is based in exampleRemove data group CmIn error.
Specifically, according to gaussian filtering to the surface temperature data group C after extensionmIt is filtered, and then can obtain
It arrivesA filtered data ymi：
Later will
The ym of filtered dataiMean value bmAs surface temperature data group BmGrowth data.
Step D5：According between the growth data of each surface temperature data group and adjacent surface temperature data group
Time difference Δ T determines the change rate p of surface temperature data group, and determines metal kernel according to the change rate p of surface temperature data group
Change rate P of the surface temperature of base in current point in time：
In the embodiment of the present invention, due to introducing data group to distinguish the timeliness of different surfaces temperature data group
Weight, the i.e. practical change rates for containing data group weight of change rate p of surface temperature data group；And data group weight WmFor
Power function, change rate areRemove data group weight W in the change rate of surface temperature data groupmVariation,
It can determine the change rate of surface temperature.In order to facilitate the change rate P of the final surface temperature of determination, data group weight is set as
The weighting function of power function.
It should be noted that the i and j in the embodiment of the present invention are used only to the number of expression parameter, have no and actually contain
Justice, meaning and value range in different formulas represented by i and j may be different, it is also possible to which other letters replace i or j.
The dimension value of the growth data synthesis all surface temperature of the surface temperature determined in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is different
The weighted value of surface temperature data group with time attribute increases in power function, the weighted value of different surfaces temperature with
Time attribute increases in ond power function so that the degree of correlation higher between growth data and newest obtained surface temperature,
The real-time of growth data can also be effectively ensured in surface temperature when changing greatly；Simultaneously table can be reduced by being filtered
The variation of face temperature group internal surface temperature is fluctuated so that finally determining change rate is more in line with the actual change of surface temperature
Situation.
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from the present invention's by those skilled in the art
Spirit and scope.In this way, if these modifications and changes of the present invention belongs to the model of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within enclosing, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of forging blank Three-section type heating process, which is characterized in that including：
Metal blank to be heated is pushed in preheating section, and detects table of the metal blank in the preheating section in real time
Face temperature, the preheating section are the first segment of heating equipment；
When surface temperature of the metal blank in the preheating section is more than the first preset temperature value, by the metal blank
It pushes in bringing-up section, and detects surface temperature of the metal blank in the bringing-up section in real time；The bringing-up section adds
Hot temperature is more than the preheating temperature of the preheating section, and the bringing-up section is the second segment of the heating equipment；
When surface temperature of the metal blank in the bringing-up section is more than the second preset temperature value, by the metal blank
It pushes in soaking zone；Second preset temperature value is more than first preset temperature value, and the heat preservation temperature of the soaking zone
Difference between degree and the heating temperature of the bringing-up section is less than preset difference value, and the soaking zone is the third of the heating equipment
Section, and the preheating section, the bringing-up section and the soaking zone are arranged for overall structure；
In the metal blank after the soaking zone inside holding preset duration, by the metal blank push to decompressor into
Row punching press.
2. process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The preheating temperature of the preheating section is 200~500 DEG C；
The preheating temperature of the preheating section is 500~900 DEG C；
The preheating temperature of the preheating section is 500~900 DEG C.
3. process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described in the metal blank in the soaking zone
After keeping the temperature preset duration, the metal blank is pushed into decompressor and carries out punching press, including：
It determines the metal blank mean radius, and determines the preset duration of heat preservation according to the mean radius, described average half
Diameter is the average value of the least radius in several cross sections of the metal blank, and the preset duration is just with the mean radius
Correlativity；
Surface temperature of the metal blank in the soaking zone is detected in real time, and determines the gold described in the preset duration
Belong to the maximum changing value of surface temperature of the blank in the soaking zone；
When the metal blank in the soaking zone inside holding preset duration and the metal blank table in the soaking zone
When the maximum changing value of face temperature is less than default change threshold, the metal blank is pushed into decompressor and carries out punching press.
4. process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the preheating section, the bringing-up section and the heat preservation
Duan Junwei electric furnaces；
The electric furnace includes one or more in electric furnace heating wire heating furnace, power frequency heating furnace, dielectric heating oven.
5. process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the preheating section, the bringing-up section and the heat preservation
Duan Junwei flame heating furnaces；
The flame heating furnace has multiple flame fronts, and the flame front is evenly distributed in heating furnace.
6. process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that detect the metal blank in real time described described
After surface temperature in preheating section, further include：
The metal kernel described in current point in time is determined according to surface temperature of the metal blank of detection in the preheating section
The change rate of surface temperature of the base in the preheating section；
According to surface temperature of the metal blank described in current point in time in the preheating section and the metal blank described pre-
The change rate of surface temperature in hot arc adjusts the preheating temperature of the preheating section.
7. process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that detect the metal blank in real time described described
After surface temperature in bringing-up section, further include：
The metal kernel described in current point in time is determined according to surface temperature of the metal blank of detection in the bringing-up section
The change rate of surface temperature of the base in the bringing-up section；
According to surface temperature of the metal blank described in current point in time in the bringing-up section and the metal blank described plus
The change rate of surface temperature in hot arc adjusts the heating temperature of the bringing-up section.
8. the process described according to claim 6 or 7, which is characterized in that determine the surface temperature of the metal blank
Change rate includes：
Obtain the surface temperature of the metal blank of all timing nodes in preset time period, the knot of the preset time period
Beam timing node is the current time node；
The surface temperature is divided into n surface temperature according to the time attribute of the surface temperature in the preset time period
Data group, there is the k surface temperatures being arranged in order according to time attribute in each surface temperature data group, and k is odd number, and n
M-th of surface temperature data group B in surface temperature data groupmData group weight WmFor：
According to m-th of surface temperature data group BmData group weight WmSurface temperature data group BmIn surface temperature carry out
It extends successively, determines the surface temperature data group C after extensionm；Wherein, the surface temperature data group C after extensionmIn a-th of element
cmaWith the surface temperature data group BmIn a-th of element bmaWmIt is identical again, i.e. cma=Wm×bmaa∈[1,k]；And it extends
Surface temperature data group C afterwardsmMiddle kth+i element cm(k+i)For：
Wherein, wjFor j-th of weighted value, and
According to the surface temperature data group C after the extensionmDetermine the surface temperature data group BmGrowth data bm：
Wherein,J=1,2 ..., k；
It is determined according to time difference Δ T between the growth data of each surface temperature data group and adjacent surface temperature data group
The change rate p of surface temperature data group, and determine according to the change rate p of surface temperature data group the surface temperature of the metal blank
Spend the change rate P in current point in time：
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| US6238209B1 (en) * | 2000-05-17 | 2001-05-29 | Kawasaki Steel Corporation | Hearth rolls for heating furnace and soaking furnace of vertical heat treating furnace and vertical heat treating furnace including hearth rolls |
| KR100716344B1 (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2007-05-11 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Heat treatment method of cr-mo alloy for transmission gear and shaft |
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