CN108636405A - High-selectivity diatomic catalyst for catalytic reforming - Google Patents

High-selectivity diatomic catalyst for catalytic reforming Download PDF

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CN108636405A
CN108636405A CN201810444823.1A CN201810444823A CN108636405A CN 108636405 A CN108636405 A CN 108636405A CN 201810444823 A CN201810444823 A CN 201810444823A CN 108636405 A CN108636405 A CN 108636405A
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solution
catalyst
ethyl alcohol
diatomic
poloxamer
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CN108636405B (en
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丁辉
田明泽
赵丹
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Tianjin University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/002Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/54Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/56Platinum group metals
    • B01J23/64Platinum group metals with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/656Manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/6567Rhenium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G35/00Reforming naphtha
    • C10G35/04Catalytic reforming
    • C10G35/06Catalytic reforming characterised by the catalyst used
    • C10G35/085Catalytic reforming characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
    • C10G35/09Bimetallic catalysts in which at least one of the metals is a platinum group metal
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2523/00Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-selectivity diatomic catalyst for catalytic reforming, which comprises the following steps: placing poloxamer 407 in a container, and then adding absolute ethyl alcohol; respectively adding aluminum isopropoxide solid and nitric acid into ethanol, respectively adding sodium perrhenate and chloroplatinic acid solution into the mixed solution, standing to fully mix the solution, and stirring the solution by using a magnetic stirrer in a sealed state; putting the stirred solution into a microwave reaction device, evaporating the solution to form gel under microwave irradiation, and then aging the gel at 70-90 ℃; and finally roasting the product obtained after evaporation by using a muffle furnace to finally obtain the diatomic catalyst containing 0.10-0.40 wt% of Pt and 0.15-0.35 wt% of Re. The diatomic catalyst has selectivity and stability higher than that of common catalyst, and can raise arene yield without deactivation for long time.

Description

A kind of highly selective diatomic catalyst for catalytic reforming
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of diatomic catalyst, more particularly to the highly selective diatomic for being used for catalytic reforming is catalyzed Agent.
Background technology
Catalytic reforming is under the action of catalyst, to be formed into rearrangement to the hydrocarbon molecules structure in naphtha cut new The process of molecular structure.Catalytic reforming is very important one of petroleum refining process, in heating, the effect of hydrogen pressure and catalyst Under so that naphtha is converted into the high-knock rating gasoline (Reformed Gasoline) rich in aromatic hydrocarbons, Reformed Gasoline can be used as blend component to produce Gasoline can also be stripped it, to produce the important industrial chemicals such as benzene,toluene,xylene.The by-product of catalytic reforming Hydrogen can also provide hydrogen source for hydrofinishing.
Platinum is the metal component of traditional catalytic reforming catalyst, can also include in addition to this, in catalyst a kind of halogen (being typically chlorine) is used as acidic components, and the two has the function of different during the reaction.Wherein platinum element constitutes dehydrogenation activity Center promotes dehydrogenation reaction, acidic components to provide acid centre, promotes cracking and isomerization reaction.Catalytic reforming is urged Agent shows multiselect with more stable γ-Al2O3For carrier, in order to improve the performance of catalyst, CN1035316A and CN1062749A is reported in the molecular sieve that certain characteristics are introduced in reforming catalyst, and such as β zeolites, complex carrier is made in ZSM-5 etc. Improve the performance of catalyst, but such complex carrier there are lytic activities too strong, problem of stability difference.
Platinum element is the key element of catalytic reforming catalyst, the platinum element in the platinum catalyst in traditional catalytic reforming Carrier is usually carried in the form of nano particle, but usually only outermost pt atom can play catalysis and make in the reaction With, that is to say, that the pt atom inside nano particle is wasted in fact.Platinum element has extremely important and nothing in the industry The effect that method substitutes, and content of the platinum element in nature is seldom, it is very high using platinum element as catalyst cost, therefore Platinum element is effectively utilized gradually to attract attention.
Monatomic catalyst is a kind of new catalyst proposed in recent years, and is had become in catalyst research now Forward position and hot subject.Compared to traditional catalyst, monatomic catalyst is realized using single atom as active site, significantly Reduce the load capacity of catalyst.At the same time, the reduction of catalyst dispersion scale also will produce other effects, such as catalyst The big increase of surface unsaturation coordinate bond quantity, the interaction etc. between the generation and metal and carrier of quantum effect.Wherein Interaction between metal and carrier is so that the stability and catalytic activity of monatomic catalyst increase significantly.
China Dalian Chemistry and Physics Institute great waves academician et al. reported that platinum, iron etc. were carried on the loads such as metal oxide or graphene The monatomic catalyst of body is applied to the reactions such as CO/NO oxidations, hydrogenation of chloronitrobenzene.However for the single former of catalytic reforming Muonic catalysis agent is not yet reported.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, provides one kind and taking full advantage of pt atom and rhenium atom, And the highly selective diatomic catalyst for catalytic reforming with more high stability.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
A kind of highly selective diatomic catalyst for catalytic reforming includes the following steps:
(1) poloxamer 407 that molecular weight ranges are 9860~14600 is positioned in container, then at 20~30 DEG C The ratio of the lower absolute ethyl alcohol that mass fraction is added and is 99.5%, the absolute ethyl alcohol and poloxamer 407 is 2ml:1g~ 40ml:1g;
(2) it is that 40wt%~70wt% nitric acid is separately added into mass fraction and is by aluminium isopropoxide solid and mass fraction In 99.5% ethyl alcohol, 2~5h is reacted at 20~40 DEG C, the wherein volume ratio of nitric acid and ethyl alcohol is 0.5:1~3:1, isopropyl The ratio of aluminium alcoholates and ethyl alcohol is 0.01g:1ml~1g:Then perrhenic acid sodium and molar concentration are the chlorine platinum of 0.1mol/L by 1ml Acid solution is added separately to mixed solution, and the ratio of the perrhenic acid sodium and ethyl alcohol is 0.1mg:1ml~0.8mg: The volume ratio of 1ml, platinum acid chloride solution and ethanol solution is 0.025:1~0.5:1, standing 3~5h makes it be sufficiently mixed, and close Under envelope state in 21 DEG C~35 DEG C using magnetic stirring apparatus under the rotating speed of 200rpm~400rpm agitating solution for 24 hours~48h;
(3) solution after stirring is placed in microwave reaction device, 10~85h is evaporated under 100~350W microwave irradiations Gel is formed, then 24~38h of aging at 70~90 DEG C, with the lasting evaporation of solution, aluminium isopropoxide and amphiphilic primary Luo Shamu 407 spontaneously forms the central hole structure of the hexagonal array of high-sequential, and the precursor of wherein platinum and rhenium is comprised in it In;Products therefrom after evaporation is roasted using Muffle furnace finally, is risen at 200~600 DEG C with the heating rate of 2~10 DEG C/min 1~9h is roasted, poloxamer 407 decomposes during this period, and aluminium isopropoxide is converted into the alundum (Al2O3) bone of rigidity and aligned orderly Frame finally obtains the diatomic catalyst containing 0.10~0.40wt%Pt and 0.15~0.35wt%Re.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that and speciality:
The present invention is a kind of diatomic catalyst for catalytic reforming, and expensive platinum and rhenium can be made full use of former Son gives full play to catalytic effect, reduces cost.
Due to the interaction in diatomic catalyst between metallic atom and carrier make metallic atom closely with load Body combines, and is not easy to assemble, and diatomic catalyst has the selectivity and stability higher than general catalyst, can improve Long-time non-inactivation while aromatics yield.
Specific implementation mode
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiment, to the present invention It is described in further details.Here, the exemplary embodiment and its explanation of the present invention be for explaining the present invention, but not as right The restriction of the present invention.
A kind of highly selective diatomic catalyst for catalytic reforming of the present invention, includes the following steps:
(1) poloxamer 407 that molecular weight ranges commercially available are 9860~14600 is positioned in container, then The absolute ethyl alcohol that mass fraction is 99.5%, the ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol and poloxamer 407 are added at 20~30 DEG C For 2ml:1g~40ml:1g;
(2) it is that 40wt%~70wt% nitric acid is separately added into mass fraction and is by aluminium isopropoxide solid and mass fraction In 99.5% ethyl alcohol, 2~5h is reacted at 20~40 DEG C, the wherein volume ratio of nitric acid and ethyl alcohol is 0.5:1~3:1, isopropyl The ratio of aluminium alcoholates and ethyl alcohol is 0.01g:1ml~1g:1ml.Then it is the chlorine platinum of 0.1mol/L by perrhenic acid sodium and molar concentration Acid solution is added separately to mixed solution, and the ratio of the perrhenic acid sodium and ethyl alcohol is 0.1mg:1ml~0.8mg: The volume ratio of 1ml, platinum acid chloride solution and ethanol solution is 0.025:1~0.5:1, standing 3~5h makes it be sufficiently mixed, and close Under envelope state in 21 DEG C~35 DEG C using magnetic stirring apparatus under the rotating speed of 200rpm~400rpm agitating solution for 24 hours~48h.
(3) solution after stirring is placed in microwave reaction device, 10~85h is evaporated under 100~350W microwave irradiations Gel is formed, then 24~38h of aging at 70~90 DEG C.With the lasting evaporation of solution, aluminium isopropoxide and amphiphilic primary Luo Shamu 407 spontaneously forms the central hole structure of the hexagonal array of high-sequential, and the precursor of wherein platinum and rhenium is comprised in it In.Products therefrom after evaporation is roasted using Muffle furnace finally, is risen at 200~600 DEG C with the heating rate of 2~10 DEG C/min 1~9h is roasted, poloxamer 407 decomposes during this period, and aluminium isopropoxide is converted into the alundum (Al2O3) bone of rigidity and aligned orderly Frame finally obtains the diatomic catalyst containing 0.10~0.40wt%Pt and 0.15~0.35wt%Re.
Embodiment 1:The synthesis of diatomic catalyst A
(1) poloxamer 407 that 5g molecular weight ranges are 9860~14600 is positioned in container, then at 20 DEG C Mass fraction is added as 99.5% absolute ethyl alcohol, the ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol and poloxamer 407 is 2ml:1g;
(2) by 10ml mass fractions be 40wt% nitric acid and aluminium isopropoxide solid to be separately added into mass fraction be 99.5% In ethyl alcohol, 2h is reacted at 20 DEG C, the wherein volume ratio of nitric acid and ethyl alcohol is 0.5:1, the ratio of aluminium isopropoxide and ethyl alcohol is 0.01g:1ml.Then perrhenic acid sodium is added separately to molar concentration for the platinum acid chloride solution of 0.1mol/L mixed molten The ratio of liquid, the perrhenic acid sodium and ethyl alcohol is 0.1mg:The ratio of 1ml, platinum acid chloride solution and ethanol solution is 0.025ml: 1ml, standing 3h makes it be sufficiently mixed, and is stirred under the rotating speed of 200rpm using magnetic stirring apparatus in 21 DEG C in sealed states Solution is for 24 hours.
(3) solution after stirring is placed in microwave reaction device, 10h is evaporated under 100W microwave irradiations and forms gel, Then aging is for 24 hours at 70 DEG C.With the lasting evaporation of solution, 407 spontaneous landform of aluminium isopropoxide and amphiphilic poloxamer It is included therein at the precursor of the central hole structure of the hexagonal array of high-sequential, wherein platinum and rhenium.Institute after finally evaporating It obtains product to roast using Muffle furnace, is risen at 200 DEG C with 2 DEG C/min heating rates and roast 1h, poloxamer 407 divides during this period Solution, aluminium isopropoxide is converted into the alundum (Al2O3) skeleton of rigidity and aligned orderly, finally obtain containing 0.10wt%Pt and The diatomic catalyst of 0.15wt%Re.
Embodiment 2:The synthesis of diatomic catalyst B
(1) poloxamer 407 that 5g molecular weight ranges are 9860~14600 is positioned in container, then at 25 DEG C Mass fraction is added as 99.5% absolute ethyl alcohol, the ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol and poloxamer 407 is 21ml:1g;
(2) by 10ml mass fractions be 55wt% nitric acid and aluminium isopropoxide solid to be separately added into mass fraction be 99.5% In ethyl alcohol, 3.5h is reacted at 30 DEG C, the wherein volume ratio of nitric acid and ethyl alcohol is 1.75:1, the ratio of aluminium isopropoxide and ethyl alcohol is 0.5g:1ml.Then perrhenic acid sodium is added separately to molar concentration for the platinum acid chloride solution of 0.1mol/L mixed molten The ratio of liquid, the perrhenic acid sodium and ethyl alcohol is 0.45mg:The ratio of 1ml, platinum acid chloride solution and ethanol solution is 0.26ml: 1ml, standing 4h makes it be sufficiently mixed, and is stirred under the rotating speed of 300rpm using magnetic stirring apparatus in 28 DEG C in sealed states Solution 36h.
(3) solution after stirring is placed in microwave reaction device, evaporation 47.5h is formed solidifying under 225W microwave irradiations Glue, then the aging 31h at 80 DEG C.With the lasting evaporation of solution, aluminium isopropoxide and amphiphilic poloxamer 407 are spontaneously The central hole structure of the hexagonal array of high-sequential is formed, the precursor of wherein platinum and rhenium is included therein.After finally evaporating Products therefrom is roasted using Muffle furnace, is risen at 400 DEG C with 6 DEG C/min heating rates and is roasted 5h, during this period poloxamer 407 Decompose, aluminium isopropoxide is converted into the alundum (Al2O3) skeleton of rigidity and aligned orderly, finally obtain containing 0.25wt%Pt and The diatomic catalyst of 0.25wt%Re.
Embodiment 3:The synthesis of diatomic catalyst C
(1) poloxamer 407 that 5g molecular weight ranges are 9860~14600 is positioned in container, then at 30 DEG C Mass fraction is added as 99.5% absolute ethyl alcohol, the ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol and poloxamer 407 is 40ml:1g;
(2) by 10ml mass fractions be 70wt% nitric acid and aluminium isopropoxide solid to be separately added into mass fraction be 99.5% In ethyl alcohol, 5h is reacted at 40 DEG C, the wherein volume ratio of nitric acid and ethyl alcohol is 3:1, the ratio of aluminium isopropoxide and ethyl alcohol is 1g: 1ml.Then perrhenic acid sodium and molar concentration are added separately to mixed solution for the platinum acid chloride solution of 0.1mol/L, it is described Perrhenic acid sodium and ethyl alcohol ratio be 0.8mg:The ratio of 1ml, platinum acid chloride solution and ethanol solution is 0.5ml:1ml is stood 5h makes it be sufficiently mixed, and uses magnetic stirring apparatus agitating solution 48h under the rotating speed of 400rpm in 35 DEG C in sealed states.
(3) solution after stirring is placed in microwave reaction device, 85h is evaporated under 350W microwave irradiations and forms gel, Then the aging 38h at 90 DEG C.With the lasting evaporation of solution, 407 spontaneous landform of aluminium isopropoxide and amphiphilic poloxamer It is included therein at the precursor of the central hole structure of the hexagonal array of high-sequential, wherein platinum and rhenium.Institute after finally evaporating It obtains product to roast using Muffle furnace, is risen at 600 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min heating rates and roast 9h, during this period poloxamer 407 Decompose, aluminium isopropoxide is converted into the alundum (Al2O3) skeleton of rigidity and aligned orderly, finally obtain containing 0.40wt%Pt and The diatomic catalyst of 0.35wt%Re.
Embodiment 4:The synthesis (blank control) of non-diatomic reforming catalyst D
It is contacted with the aqueous solution of 100ml hydrochloric acid and chloroplatinic acid using 20g gamma-aluminas.The amount for adjusting hydrochloric acid makes final Contain 1.1% chlorine in the catalyst of generation.Then dipping solution is removed, carrier is obtained.Make 60ml containing 0.11g with perrhenic acid shape The aqueous solution of rhenium that formula introduces contacts 3 hours with the carrier obtained by back.Then dipping solution is removed.Gained catalyst exists It is 1 hour dry at 120 DEG C, it is roasted 2 hours at 520 DEG C, finally obtains the platinum containing 0.25wt% weight, 0.25wt% weight Rhenium catalytic reforming catalyst.
1-4 of the embodiment of the present invention catalyst prepared is tested:
Conversion of the diatomic catalyst to the naphtha type hydrocarbon charging distilled from oil product synthesized by the test present invention, should Charging has following characteristic:
Density at 15 DEG C:0.751kg/L
Alkane/cycloalkane/aromatic hydrocarbon 60/29/11%vol
The conversion carries out in moving bed pilot plant, and the hydrogen environment with reproducibility in equipment, the behaviour of test It is as follows to make condition:
Gross pressure 1.4MPa feed flow rates 3kg per hour per kg catalyst
Molar ratio 3.0 of 109 recycle hydrogen of research octane number (RON) to hydrocarbon charging
Gained performance is shown in following table after operation 180h, that is, reaches the temperature needed for desired research octane number (RON), generation The activity of table catalyst;And the weight of C5+ reformates (hydrocarbon of the carbon atom containing at least five) and C4- (hydrocarbon containing 1-4 carbon atom) Yield is measured, the selectivity of catalyst is represented.
Catalyst Temperature (DEG C) C5+ yields (wt%) C4- yields (wt%)
A 470.0 92.1 5.4
B 470.0 96.4 3.3
C 470.0 95.2 4.1
D 470.0 86.3 12.9
Diatomic catalyst can significantly improve the yield of C5+, therefore diatomic catalyst it can be seen from test result A, B and C has higher selectivity compared to common reforming catalyst D, additionally by comparison tri- kinds of diatomic catalyst of A, B, C Comparison it can be seen that when Pt contents in 0.25wt%, the selective highest of Re contents diatomic catalyst when 0.25wt% is, Reforming effect is best.
Above example has carried out specific description to the present invention, but the protection domain of this patent includes not only above-mentioned reality Case is applied, as long as having used the thought of the present invention, can flexibly be changed in implementation detail, these belong to this patent Protection domain, therefore the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of highly selective diatomic catalyst for catalytic reforming, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
(1) poloxamer 407 that molecular weight ranges are 9860~14600 is positioned in container, is then added at 20~30 DEG C Enter mass fraction for 99.5% absolute ethyl alcohol, the ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol and poloxamer 407 is 2ml:1g~40ml: 1g;
(2) it is that be separately added into mass fraction be 99.5% to 40wt%~70wt% nitric acid by aluminium isopropoxide solid and mass fraction In ethyl alcohol, 2~5h is reacted at 20~40 DEG C, the wherein volume ratio of nitric acid and ethyl alcohol is 0.5:1~3:1, aluminium isopropoxide and second The ratio of alcohol is 0.01g:1ml~1g:1ml.Then perrhenic acid sodium and molar concentration are divided for the platinum acid chloride solution of 0.1mol/L It is not added to mixed solution, the ratio of the perrhenic acid sodium and ethyl alcohol is 0.1mg:1ml~0.8mg:1ml, chloroplatinic acid The volume ratio of solution and ethanol solution is 0.025:1~0.5:1, stand 3~5h so that it is sufficiently mixed, and in sealed states in 21 DEG C~35 DEG C using magnetic stirring apparatus under the rotating speed of 200rpm~400rpm agitating solution for 24 hours~48h;
(3) solution after stirring is placed in microwave reaction device, 10~85h is evaporated under 100~350W microwave irradiations and is formed Gel, then 24~38h of aging at 70~90 DEG C, with the lasting evaporation of solution, aluminium isopropoxide and amphiphilic Bai Luosha Nurse 407 spontaneously forms the central hole structure of the hexagonal array of high-sequential, and the precursor of wherein platinum and rhenium is included therein;Most Products therefrom after evaporation is roasted using Muffle furnace afterwards, is risen at 200~600 DEG C with the heating rate of 2~10 DEG C/min and roasts 1 ~9h, during this period poloxamer 407 decompose, aluminium isopropoxide is converted into the alundum (Al2O3) skeleton of rigidity and aligned orderly, most The diatomic catalyst containing 0.10~0.40wt%Pt and 0.15~0.35wt%Re is obtained eventually.
2. the highly selective diatomic catalyst according to claim 1 for catalytic reforming, it is characterised in that:Described Pt contents are in 0.25wt% in diatomic catalyst, and Re contents are in 0.25wt%.
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CN110586102A (en) * 2019-08-21 2019-12-20 中山大学 Preparation method of heteroatom-like catalyst
CN115532297A (en) * 2022-10-13 2022-12-30 天津理工大学 Heteronuclear diatomic photocatalytic material and preparation method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN115532297A (en) * 2022-10-13 2022-12-30 天津理工大学 Heteronuclear diatomic photocatalytic material and preparation method thereof

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