CN108630336A - Piezoelectricity thermoelectricity static type isotope battery - Google Patents

Piezoelectricity thermoelectricity static type isotope battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108630336A
CN108630336A CN201810464282.9A CN201810464282A CN108630336A CN 108630336 A CN108630336 A CN 108630336A CN 201810464282 A CN201810464282 A CN 201810464282A CN 108630336 A CN108630336 A CN 108630336A
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China
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charge
piezoelectricity
component
energy
trapping plate
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CN201810464282.9A
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CN108630336B (en
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何佳清
周毅
娄晴
于灏
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Shenzhen Thermoelectricity New Energy Technology Co ltd
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Southwest University of Science and Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21H—OBTAINING ENERGY FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES; APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; UTILISING COSMIC RADIATION
    • G21H1/00—Arrangements for obtaining electrical energy from radioactive sources, e.g. from radioactive isotopes, nuclear or atomic batteries
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21H—OBTAINING ENERGY FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES; APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; UTILISING COSMIC RADIATION
    • G21H1/00—Arrangements for obtaining electrical energy from radioactive sources, e.g. from radioactive isotopes, nuclear or atomic batteries
    • G21H1/10—Cells in which radiation heats a thermoelectric junction or a thermionic converter
    • G21H1/103—Cells provided with thermo-electric generators

Abstract

This application provides piezoelectricity thermoelectricity static type isotope batteries.The isotope battery includes the energy transducer of shell and setting in the housing, and energy transducer includes：One end on length direction is fixed on shell, and the other end stretches to the cantilever beam being arranged in shell and vacantly；The first charge-trapping plate in cantilever beam free end lower surface is set；The the second charge-trapping plate for being arranged on shell and being oppositely arranged with the first charge-trapping plate, and the charge of its enrichment is opposite with the charge polarity that the first charge-trapping plate is enriched with；The radioactive source being arranged in body；It is successively set on dielectric substrate, the first piezoelectricity output electrode, piezoelectricity transition components and the second piezoelectricity output electrode of the fixing end upper surface of the cantilever beam；The first thermoelectric conversion component in cantilever beam free end upper surface is set；Cooling fin in the first thermoelectric conversion component upper surface is set.The battery has the characteristics that energy conversion efficiency height, output power, ambient adaptability strong, good operating stability, with long service life.

Description

Piezoelectricity thermoelectricity static type isotope battery
Technical field
The application belongs to piezoelectric device, thermo-electric device, isotope battery, hybrid power system and micro-nano integration field, tool Body is related to piezoelectricity isotope battery.
Background technology
The isotope that atom nuclear composition (or energy state) spontaneously changes, while radiating emergent ray is known as the same position of radioactivity Element.Radioisotope battery, abbreviation isotope battery, it be using energy transducer by radioisotope decays when release The energy of ray is converted into electric energy output, to reach power supply purpose.Since isotope battery has, service life is long, environment is suitable Ying Xingqiang, good operating stability, Maintenance free, miniaturization the advantages that, at present military and national defense, deep space deep-sea, polar region detection, The key areas such as biologic medical, electronics industry are widely used.
Isotope battery was proposed by English physicist Henry Moseley in 1913 first, and related isotope is electric The research in pond is concentrated mainly on past 100 years.2017, Zhou Yi et al. combined isotope battery transducing under different transposition modes The transposition mode of isotope battery is divided into four classes by efficiency with output power size：1. static type thermoelectric (al) type (thermoelectric/ Thermoelectricity, thermionic emission, contact potential difference, thermal photovoltaic, alkali metal thermo-electric conversion) isotope battery；2. radiating volta effect (Xiao Te Ji, PN/PIN are tied) isotope battery；3. dynamic type thermoelectric (al) type (Brayton cycle, Stirling cycle, Rankine cycle, magnetic fluid Power generation, jetting flow piezoelectric type) isotope battery；4. special transducing mechanism (direct collection, radioluminescence, outside neutron source driving The electromagnetic radiation of β particles, magnetic under formula, decay lc circuit coupled resonance, cosmic ray/electromagnetic wave collection, piezoelectric cantilever, magnetic confinement Separate type, radiation ionization) isotope battery.
The result of study of above-mentioned four classes isotope battery show energy conversion efficiency it is low be still being total to for current isotope battery Property where.The development of static type thermoelectric (al) type isotope battery mainly has benefited from the research and development of State-level, especially thermal type The design of isotope battery (radioisotope thermoelectric generators, RTG) is with manufacture at present in the U.S. It has been be gradually improved that, but it is less efficient based on thermoelectric material transducing cell power conversion, even if NASA latest reports is enhanced Multitask thermal type isotope battery (enhanced multi-mission radioisotope thermoelectric Generators, eMMRTG) conversion efficiency also less than 8%, thus its use scope is limited, civil nature process is more difficult. Volta effect isotope battery is radiated using semi-conducting material as transduction assembly, it can be achieved that isotope battery device miniaturization, is improved Its application in terms of MEMS/NEMS and low power devices, and it is quick with wide bandgap semiconductor and multidimensional structure material Development achieves certain research effect, but there are ray long-term irradiation lower semiconductor materials for radiation volta effect isotope battery Performance degradation problem reduces the service life of radiation volta effect isotope battery.Piezoelectric type cantilever beam isotope battery is logical Electric energy output is realized in the reciprocating machine deformation for crossing piezoelectric cantilever, is widely used in terms of micro-nano device and vacuum leak hunting Value, but cell power conversion is less efficient, and energy loss is larger.In conclusion the correlative study of isotope battery at present is still Need to be goed deep into.
Invention content
The application is intended to solve at least some of the technical problems in related technologies.For this purpose, the application One purpose is to propose that one kind can break through conventional piezoelectric formula cantilever beam isotope battery there are single transducing, energy loss are larger Technical bottleneck, largely improve isotope battery energy conversion efficiency or extend isotope battery micro-nano application The isotope battery in field.
In the one side of the application, this application provides a kind of piezoelectricity thermoelectricity static type isotope batteries.According to this Shen Embodiment please, the isotope battery include shell and energy transducer disposed in the housing, and the energy transducer includes： Cantilever beam, one end on the cantilever beam length direction is fixed forms fixing end, the cantilever beam length side on the housing The upward other end stretches in the shell and is vacantly arranged to form free end；First charge-trapping plate, first charge The lower surface in the cantilever beam free end is arranged in collecting board；Second charge-trapping plate, the second charge-trapping plate setting exist On the shell, and the charge for being oppositely arranged with the first charge-trapping plate, and being enriched on the second charge-trapping plate with The charge polarity being enriched on the first charge-trapping plate is opposite；Radioactive source, the radioactive source are disposed in the housing；Insulation Substrate, the dielectric substrate are arranged in the fixing end upper surface of the cantilever beam；First piezoelectricity output electrode, first piezoelectricity Output electrode is arranged in the dielectric substrate upper surface；Piezoelectricity transition components, the piezoelectricity transition components are arranged described first Piezoelectricity output electrode upper surface；Second piezoelectricity output electrode, the second piezoelectricity output electrode are arranged in the piezoelectricity conversion group Part upper surface；The upper surface in the cantilever beam free end is arranged in first thermoelectric conversion component, first thermoelectric conversion component； Cooling fin, the cooling fin are arranged in the upper surface of first thermoelectric conversion component.The isotope battery can break through tradition There are the larger technical bottlenecks of single transducing, energy loss for isotope battery, have energy conversion efficiency height, job stability Well, the features such as micro-nano integrated level is high.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the radioactive source is arranged in the table of the second charge-trapping plate far from the shell On face.
According to an embodiment of the present application, which further includes the first energy conservation component, and first energy turns Component is changed to be arranged in side of the radioactive source far from the first charge-trapping plate.
According to an embodiment of the present application, first energy conservation component includes the second thermoelectric conversion component, the first radiation Any one in volt components, the first radioluminescence component.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the radioactive source is arranged in first energy conservation component, with described first Charge-trapping plate is oppositely arranged, and is multiplexed with the second charge-trapping plate.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the radioactive source is arranged in the lower section of the cantilever beam fixing end, and the radiation The second energy conservation component and third energy conservation component, second energy are respectively arranged in the upper and lower surface in source Transition components are electrically connected with the first charge-trapping plate, the third energy conservation component and the second charge-trapping plate electricity Connection.
According to an embodiment of the present application, second energy conservation component and the third energy conservation component are respectively Three thermoelectric conversion components, second radiation volt components and the second radioluminescence component in any one.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the shell includes：Cylindrical housings ontology and setting are in the cylindrical housings First sealing ring and the second sealing ring at ontology both ends, so that the enclosure interior forms sealing space, the cantilever beam is solid Fixed end is embedded in first sealing ring, be provided on second sealing ring valve being connected with the sealing space and with The gas nozzle that the valve is connected.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the enclosure body inner surface is provided with supporting pad.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the enclosure body inner surface is provided with nanometer lead organic glass composite material and applies Layer.
According to an embodiment of the present application, which further includes supporting rack, and support frame as described above is arranged in the cantilever Between the lower surface of beam fixing end and the shell.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the radioactive source includes at least one of αsource and radiator beta-ray.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the αsource is selected from210Po、Gd210Po、Y210Po、La210Po、Ce210Po、 Pr210Po、Nd210Po、Sm210Po、Eu210Po、Tb210Po、Dy210Po、Ho210Po、Er210Po、Tm210Po、Yb210Po、Lu210Po、 Pm210Po、Sc210Po、Gd3 210Po、Y3 210Po、La3 210Po、Ce3 210Po、Pr3 210Po、Nd3 210Po、Sm3 210Po、Eu3 210Po、 Tb3 210Po、Dy3 210Po、Ho3 210Po、Er3 210Po、Tm3 210Po、Yb3 210Po、Lu3 210Po、228Th、228ThO2、235U、238Pu、238PuO2Microballoon,238PuO2- Mo ceramics,238PuO2Fuel sphere,238PuO2Ceramics,238Pu-Zr alloys,238Pu-Ga alloys,238Pu- Pt alloys,238Pu-Sc alloys,238PuN、238PuC、241Am、242Cm、242Cm2O3、244Cm and244Cm2O3At least one of；Institute It states radiator beta-ray and is selected from (C4H3 3H5-)n、Sc3H2、14C、35S、63Ni、90Sr、90Sr/90Y、90SrTiO3、90SrNO3、90SrNO3/ bis- Hexamethylene simultaneously -18- crown ethers -6,106Ru、137Cs、137CsCl、144Ce、144CeO2、147Pm、147Pm2O3With151At least one in Sm Kind.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the material for forming the piezoelectricity transition components is selected from lead titanates, lead zirconate titanate, niobium magnesium At least one in lead plumbate, lead zinc niobate, tantalum scandium acid plumbum, barium titanate, bismuth-sodium titanate, Kynoar and perovskite piezoelectric material Kind.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the material for forming the thermoelectric conversion component is selected from Bi2Te3Sill, Sb2Se3Base Material, Sb2Te3Sill, BiSb sills, Zn4Sb3Sill, Mg3Sb2Sill and Sb2Se3At least one in sill Kind.
According to an embodiment of the present application, formed it is described radiation volt components material be selected from Ge, Si, InP, GaAs, GaP, SiC、TiO2At least one of nano-tube array, ZnO, GaN, ZnS, SiCN, SiCN/Si, diamond and AlN；Described in formation Radioluminescence assembly material is selected from ZnS:Cu、ZnS:Ag、SrAl2O4:Eu2+、SrAl2O4:Dy2+And Y2O2S:At least one in Eu Kind.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the isotope battery further comprises：More output leads, the multiple output Conducting wire respectively with the thermoelectric conversion component, the piezoelectricity transition components, the radiation volt components and the radioluminescence group Part is electrically connected, wherein the more output leads are selected from the high fire-resistant wire of nickel plating copper core.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the quantity of the energy transducer is multiple.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the energy transducer constitutes transducing at column distribution, the adjacent two row energy transducer The free end of device group, two row energy transducers in each energy transducer group is arranged close to.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the side between multiple energy transducers by connecting at least one of parallel connection Formula realizes power management.
Isotope battery provided by the present application is transductive material by using piezoelectricity transition components, thermoelectric conversion component, into One step combines radiation volt material effectively to breach single existing for traditional static type isotope battery change with radioluminescence material The larger technical bottleneck of energy, energy loss, while the energy conversion efficiency of static type isotope battery is largely improved, With energy conversion efficiency height, output power, ambient adaptability is strong, good operating stability, service life are long, easy to implement etc. Feature, can long-term stable work in important necks such as military and national defense, deep space deep-sea, polar region detection, biologic medical, electronics industries Domain further meets the environmentally friendly, efficient, portable, pervasive of energy demand.
Compared with the relevant technologies, the application at least has the advantages that：
1, the application realizes cascade using modes such as piezoelectric material, thermoelectric material, radiation volt material, radioluminescence materials Step transducing devises a kind of novel isotope battery, largely improves cell power conversion efficiency, it is low to meet the energy Carbocyclic ring guarantor, integrated efficient, economic pervasive requirement.
2, the application is integrated by carrying out extensive micro-nano to energy transducer, improves the electricity output characteristics of battery, is expanded Application of the big battery in MEMS/NEMS, low-power/ultra low power electronic device etc..
3, the application is respectively adopted cantilever beam, thermoelectric conversion component, radiation volt components, radioluminescence component and realizes radiation Source decay can be converted to electric energy, and multistage transducing structure ray plays preferable shielding action, auxiliary cambered shell body internal surface Nanometer lead organic glass composite coating, further improves the safety of battery.
4, the application uses cross-brace pad and sealing ring to inside battery energy transducer and battery electrode junction, battery Energy transducer outer surface carries out thermal insulation and fixes, and helps to buffer machinery existing for the inside batteries structure such as radioactive source and energy transducer Extruding and thermal stress improve stability test, and preferably work in various adverse circumstances.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of isotope battery in one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram of isotope battery in another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is single cantilever beam isotope battery the structure left view in another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is double cantilever beam isotope battery the structure left view in another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is isotope battery structure right view in another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of isotope battery in another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of isotope battery in another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of isotope battery in another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of isotope battery in another embodiment of the invention.
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of isotope battery in another embodiment of the invention.
Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram of isotope battery in another embodiment of the invention.
Figure 12 is the structural schematic diagram of isotope battery integrated transducer part in another embodiment of the invention.
Figure 13 is the structural schematic diagram of isotope battery integrated transducer part in another embodiment of the invention.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiments herein is described below in detail.The embodiments described below is exemplary, and is only used for explaining this Shen Please, it should not be understood as the limitation to the application.Particular technique or condition are not specified in embodiment, according to text in the art It offers described technology or condition or is carried out according to product description.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer, For can be with conventional products that are commercially available.
In the one side of the application, this application provides a kind of isotope batteries.According to an embodiment of the present application, this is same The plain battery in position includes shell and energy transducer disposed in the housing, and the energy transducer includes：Cantilever beam, the cantilever One end on beam length direction is fixed forms fixing end on the housing, and the other end on the cantilever beam length direction stretches to It is arranged in the shell and vacantly to form free end；First charge-trapping plate, the first charge-trapping plate are arranged described The lower surface of cantilever beam free end；Second charge-trapping plate, the second charge-trapping plate setting on the housing, and with institute State the charge and the first charge-trapping plate that the first charge-trapping plate is oppositely arranged, and is enriched on the second charge-trapping plate The charge polarity of upper enrichment is opposite；Radioactive source, the radioactive source are disposed in the housing；Dielectric substrate, the dielectric substrate It is arranged in the fixing end upper surface of the cantilever beam；First piezoelectricity output electrode, the first piezoelectricity output electrode are arranged in institute State dielectric substrate upper surface；Piezoelectricity transition components, the piezoelectricity transition components are arranged in the first piezoelectricity output electrode upper table Face；Second piezoelectricity output electrode, the second piezoelectricity output electrode are arranged in piezoelectricity transition components upper surface；First thermoelectricity The upper surface in the cantilever beam free end is arranged in transition components, first thermoelectric conversion component；Cooling fin, the cooling fin It is arranged in the upper surface of first thermoelectric conversion component.The isotope battery can break through traditional isotope battery, and there are single The larger technical bottleneck of transducing, energy loss has the spies such as energy conversion efficiency height, good operating stability, micro-nano integrated level height Point.
In the isotope battery of the application, radioactive source (or radioactive isotope) occurs the released ray of decay and enters It is mapped in transduction assembly, the energy of ray is converted into electric energy and thermal energy, and by energy transducer, (charge enrichment unit, piezoelectricity are converted Component, thermoelectric conversion component) realize that Radioactive Source Decay can be to electric transformation of energy.Specifically, the isotope battery of the application is realized The process of electricity output can be described as：Using cantilever beam free end lower surface the first charge-trapping plate to being released when Radioactive Source Decay The particle of releasing is collected, and the charge electricity polarity of the first charge-trapping plate and the enrichment of the second charge-trapping plate is on the contrary, in library Human relations graviational interaction Analysis of A Cantilever Beam Under free end lower surface the first charge-trapping plate dragging cantilever beam deflection makes piezoelectricity transition components generate Mechanical deformation realizes that mechanical energy is converted to electric energy, when cantilever beam free end lower surface the first charge-trapping plate is the same as the second charge-trapping Plate discharges Coulomb attraction when contacting, and electricity output is realized with this reciprocation cycle；Use the first thermoelectric conversion component by cantilever simultaneously The temperature difference between external environment residing for beam and cooling fin is converted into electric energy, realizes electricity output.
According to the embodiment of application, concrete structure, shape of shell etc. can be selected flexibly according to actual needs.In this Shen In some embodiments please, the shell includes cylindrical housings ontology and is arranged the of cylindrical housings ontology both ends One sealing ring and the second sealing ring, so that the enclosure interior forms sealing space, described in cantilever beam fixing end insertion In first sealing ring, it is provided with the valve being connected with the sealing space on second sealing ring and is connected with the valve Logical gas nozzle.In some embodiments of the present application, the material for forming enclosure body can be alumina silicate；Form the first sealing ring With the material identical of the second sealing ring, as long as the material (is made the shell of battery with support with certain mechanical strength With), certain heat insulation and shield effectiveness, for example can be the materials such as carbon fiber, rubber；Gas nozzle can be circle hole shape Gas nozzle；Valve can be globe valve.Enclosure interior sealing space can be made to form vacuum ring by valve and gas nozzle as a result, Border can contribute to mechanical presses and thermal stress existing for buffer battery internal structure using sealing ring, improve stability test, Preferably to work in various working environments.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the enclosure body inner surface is provided with supporting pad.In some embodiments of the application In, the material for forming supporting pad can be graphite-epoxy heat-conductive composite material (GEC).Thus, it is possible to change inside battery Energy device carries out thermal insulation with battery electrode junction, battery energy transducer outer surface and fixes, and contributes to buffer battery internal structure Existing mechanical presses and thermal stress improve stability test, and preferably work in various adverse circumstances.In the application one In a little embodiments, supporting pad can be arranged between the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring, and the component being arranged on shell (is such as put Penetrate source, energy conservation component, second charge-trapping plate etc.) it can be arranged on supporting pad, it can also directly be set across supporting pad It sets in enclosure body.
According to an embodiment of the present application, in order to improve alpha ray shield effect, improve the safety of battery, enclosure body it is interior A nanometer lead organic glass composite coating can be set on surface, wherein the thickness of nanometer lead organic glass composite coating Degree can be adjusted flexibly according to the requirement of actual working environment.The alpha ray shield of battery and safety are preferable as a result,.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the concrete structure of cantilever beam, material, shape etc. can be selected flexibly according to actual needs It selects.In some embodiments of the present application, the material for forming cantilever beam can be Si, Au or Cu.Material source is extensive as a result, Cost is relatively low, and mechanical performance, anti-fatigue performance are preferable so that the stability of battery is preferable, and service life is longer.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the first charge-trapping plate and the second charge-trapping plate can be metallic diaphragm, specifically Material can be metal Au, Pd, Pt, Al, Cu, Ni or Ti.In the application some embodiments, the second charge-trapping plate can also It is made of radioactive source, i.e., radioactive source is multiplexed with the second charge-trapping plate, and radioactive source is simultaneously as radioactive source and the second electricity in other words Lotus collecting board uses.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the isotope battery of the application expands the range of choice of radioactive source, and radioactive source can Think αsource, or radiator beta-ray.In some specific embodiments of the application, αsource is selected from210Po、 Gd210Po、Y210Po、La210Po、Ce210Po、Pr210Po、Nd210Po、Sm210Po、Eu210Po、Tb210Po、Dy210Po、Ho210Po、 Er210Po、Tm210Po、Yb210Po、Lu210Po、Pm210Po、Sc210Po、Gd3 210Po、Y3 210Po、La3 210Po、Ce3 210Po、 Pr3 210Po、Nd3 210Po、Sm3 210Po、Eu3 210Po、Tb3 210Po、Dy3 210Po、Ho3 210Po、Er3 210Po、Tm3 210Po、Yb3 210Po、 Lu3 210Po、228Th、228ThO2、235U、238Pu、238PuO2Microballoon,238PuO2- Mo ceramics,238PuO2Fuel sphere,238PuO2Ceramics 、238Pu-Zr alloys,238Pu-Ga alloys,238Pu-Pt alloys,238Pu-Sc alloys,238PuN、238PuC、241Am、242Cm、242Cm2O3、244Cm and244Cm2O3At least one of；Radiator beta-ray is selected from (C4H3 3H5-)n、Sc3H2、14C、35S、63Ni、90Sr、90Sr/90Y、90SrTiO3、90SrNO3、90SrNO3/ bicyclohexane simultaneously -18- crown ethers -6,106Ru、137Cs、137CsCl、144Ce、144CeO2、147Pm、147Pm2O3With151At least one of Sm.
It should be noted that when radioactive source is (C4H3 3H5-)nWhen, indicate tritiated poly- 1- ethylethylenes, wherein n represents poly- Right, the selection of occurrence is there is no limit requirement, application field or specific ginseng that those skilled in the art can be according to battery Number requires flexibly to select the degree of polymerization of above-mentioned radioactive source.
According to an embodiment of the present application, radioactive source can be radioactive isotope film, and in actual use, can be according to reality The requirement of output voltage electric current when border is applied, adjusts activity size and physical size of radioactive isotope film etc..
According to an embodiment of the present application, as long as the energy that radioactive source is capable of radiation energy and radiation can be converted into electric energy Output, specific installation position can flexibly be selected according to actual conditions.In embodiments herein, radioactive source can there are two types of Set-up mode, a kind of mode are to be oppositely arranged radioactive source and the first charge-trapping plate, and the directly absorption of the first charge-trapping plate is put The particle enrichment charge of source radiation is penetrated, the second charge-trapping plate is directly in contact with radioactive source, such as radioactive source is arranged described On second surface of the charge-trapping plate far from the shell；Another way, which is that radioactive source is not opposite with the first charge-trapping plate, to be set It sets, the first charge-trapping plate and the second charge-trapping plate are connected respectively with energy conservation component to be enriched with charge, such as by radioactive source It is arranged in the lower section of the cantilever beam fixing end, and is respectively arranged with the second energy in the upper and lower surface of the radioactive source Transition components and third energy conservation component, second energy conservation component are electrically connected with the first charge-trapping plate, institute Third energy conservation component is stated to be electrically connected with the second charge-trapping plate.
According to an embodiment of the present application, when radioactive source is configured according to first way, which can be with Including the first energy conservation component, first energy conservation component is arranged in the radioactive source far from first charge-trapping The side of plate.The first energy conservation component can absorb the energy that radioactive source is radiated close to the side of shell as a result, and by its turn It is changed to electric energy output, effectively improves the energy conversion efficiency of battery.And single transducing, energy can be overcome using a variety of transposition modes Amount loses larger problem.
According to some embodiments of the present application, first energy conservation component includes the second thermoelectric conversion component, first Radiate any one in volt components, the first radioluminescence component.It can overcome single change using a variety of transposition modes as a result, The larger problem of energy, energy loss, and energy conversion efficiency is largely improved, meet low-carbon environment-friendly, integrated efficient, warp It helps pervasive requirement.
According to an embodiment of the present application, when radioactive source is configured according to the second way, the second energy conversion group Part and the third energy conservation component are respectively third thermoelectric conversion component, the second radiation volt components and the second radioluminescence Any one in component.It can overcome the problems, such as that single transducing, energy loss are larger using a variety of transposition modes as a result, and Energy conversion efficiency is largely improved, low-carbon environment-friendly, integrated efficient, economic pervasive requirement are met.
Thermoelectric conversion component (such as the first thermoelectric conversion component, the second thermoelectric conversion component and third described herein Thermoelectric conversion component etc.) refer to the component that can convert heat to electric energy (such as temperature-difference thermoelectric conversion), form heat to electricity conversion group The thermoelectric material of part is selected from Bi2Te3Sill, Sb2Se3Sill, Sb2Te3Sill, BiSb sills, Zn4Sb3Sill, Mg3Sb2Sill and Sb2Se3At least one of sill.
Radiation volt components (the such as first radiation volt components, the second radiation volt components) described herein are can The energy for radiating source radiation to be converted to the component of electric energy based on radiation volta effect, the material choosing of radiation volt components is formed From Ge, Si, InP, GaAs, GaP, SiC, TiO2Nano-tube array (TNTAs), ZnO, GaN, ZnS, SiCN, SiCN/Si, Buddha's warrior attendant At least one of stone and AlN.
Radioluminescence component (such as the first radioluminescence component, second radioluminescence component etc.) described herein Including radioluminescence material and piezoelectricity transition components, the energy that radioluminescence material absorbs radiation source radiation shines, piezoelectricity conversion Component converts light to electric energy output, and the radioluminescence material that may be used is selected from ZnS:Cu、ZnS:Ag、SrAl2O4:Eu2+、 SrAl2O4:Dy2+Or Y2O2S:Eu, the material for forming piezoelectricity transition components includes Si, GaAs, InP, GaInP, CuInGaSe2、 CuInSe2, CdS, CdTe, dye sensitization material, at least one of polymer material and quanta point material.
Piezoelectricity transition components described herein refer to the component that can be generated electricity by pressure, form piezoelectricity transition components Material be selected from lead titanates (PT), lead zirconate titanate (PZT), lead magnesio-niobate (PMN), lead zinc niobate (PZN), tantalum scandium acid plumbum (PST), At least one of barium titanate, bismuth-sodium titanate (BNT), Kynoar (PVDF) and perovskite piezoelectric material.Specifically, passing through The reciprocating motion of cantilever beam squeezes piezoelectricity transition components and generates mechanical deformation realization electric energy output.
According to an embodiment of the present application, can cooling fin be set in the upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component, it is possible thereby to Increase the temperature difference between cantilever beam and environment, improves energy conversion efficiency.In some embodiments of the present application, cooling fin can be with It radiates for graphite heat radiation fin, copper radiating rib or aluminium alloy.Heat dissipation effect is preferable as a result,.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all thermoelectric conversion components, piezoelectricity transition components, spoke involved in the application Volt components are penetrated, the leading-out terminal that radioluminescence component is both provided with output lead and is connected with output lead, so as to effective Electric energy is exported, i.e. isotope battery further comprises that more output leads, more output leads include：First thermoelectric conversion component Output lead, the first thermoelectric conversion component output lead are electrically connected with first thermoelectric conversion component；Second thermoelectricity turns Component output lead is changed, the second thermoelectric conversion component output lead is electrically connected with second thermoelectric conversion component；Third Thermoelectric conversion component output lead, the third thermoelectric conversion component output lead are electrically connected with the third thermoelectric conversion component It connects；First piezoelectricity transition components output lead, the first piezoelectricity transition components output lead and the first piezoelectricity conversion group Part is electrically connected；First radiation volt components output lead, the first radiation volt components output lead are radiated with described first Volt components are electrically connected；Second radiation volt components output lead, the second radiation volt components output lead and described the Two radiation volt components electrical connections；First radioluminescence component output lead, the first radioluminescence component output lead with it is described First radioluminescence component is electrically connected；Second radioluminescence component output lead, the second radioluminescence component output lead and institute State the electrical connection of the second radioluminescence component, wherein more output leads can be the high fire-resistant wire of nickel-clad copper core, output end Son can be joint end, and leading-out terminal material can be Al or Cu.
With reference to the accompanying drawings, the isotope battery of the application is described in detail.
In one embodiment of the application, as Figure 1-Figure 5：Isotope battery generally column structure, shell 15 The first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber washer 17 are inlayed in both ends respectively, and 11 free end of cantilever beam, which is stretched into shell 15, vacantly to be set It sets, 11 fixing end of cantilever beam is fixed by the first rubber washer 12, and dielectric substrate 31 is arranged in 11 fixing end upper surface of cantilever beam, The setting of first piezoelectricity output electrode 32 is arranged in 31 upper surface of dielectric substrate, piezoelectricity transition components 33 in the first piezoelectricity output electrode 31 upper surfaces, the second piezoelectricity output electrode 34 are arranged in 33 upper surface of piezoelectricity transition components, piezoelectricity transition components leading-out terminal 36 It is electrically connected by piezoelectricity transition components output lead 35 and piezoelectricity transition components 33, and then the electric energy of pressure conversion is exported.Institute It states 11 free end upper and lower surface of cantilever beam and is respectively fitted with the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and the first charge-trapping plate 25, First thermoelectric conversion component, 42 upper surface is provided with cooling fin 41, the first thermoelectric conversion component electricity leading-out terminal 44 The first thermoelectric conversion component 42 is accessed by the first thermoelectric conversion component output lead 43, and then is realized the first heat to electricity conversion group The electric energy output that temperature difference heat between external environment residing for part 42 and cooling fin 41 is converted into.The setting of second charge-trapping plate 23 exists On the shell 15, and it is oppositely arranged with the first charge-trapping plate 25, and be enriched on the second charge-trapping plate 23 Charge is opposite with the charge polarity being enriched on the first charge-trapping plate 25 (for example, being enriched with just on the second charge-trapping plate 23 Charge 22 is enriched with negative electrical charge 24 on first charge-trapping plate 25), when cantilever beam free end lower surface the first charge-trapping plate 25 is same Second charge-trapping plate 23 discharges Coulomb attraction when contacting, and electricity output is realized with this reciprocation cycle.Second charge-trapping 23 upper surface of plate deposition has radioactive isotope film 21 (radioactive source).The setting of support frame as described above 13 is fixed in the cantilever beam 11 Between the lower surface at end and the shell 15, supporting pad 14 is set to 15 inner surface of shell, can specifically be close in shell 15 Wall is arranged between the first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber washer 17, is equipped on second rubber washer 17 empty with sealing Between the valve 19 that is connected and gas nozzle 18 (for example can be arranged in the second rubber washer middle position), for making inside shell 15 Form vacuum cavity 16.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, the isotope battery of the application realizes that the process of electricity output can be described as：Certainly using cantilever beam 11 The particle released when by holding lower surface the first charge-trapping plate 25 to decay radioactive source 21 is collected, the first charge-trapping plate 25 and second charge-trapping plate 23 be enriched with charge electricity polarity on the contrary, attractive coulombic force act on 11 free end following table of Analysis of A Cantilever Beam Under Face the first charge-trapping plate 25, which drags the bending of cantilever beam 11, to be made piezoelectricity transition components 33 generate mechanical deformation and is converted by piezoelectricity Component 33 realizes piezoelectricity conversion, when cantilever beam free end lower surface the first charge-trapping plate 25 is contacted with the second charge-trapping plate 23 When discharge Coulomb attraction, with this reciprocation cycle realize electricity output；Use the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 by cantilever beam 11 simultaneously The temperature difference between external environment residing for cooling fin 41 is converted into electric energy, realizes electricity output.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is the left view of isotope battery structure in Fig. 1, and 12 place end face of the first rubber washer is embedded in shell Body 15, dielectric substrate 31, the first piezoelectricity output electrode 32, piezoelectricity transition components 33 and the second piezoelectricity output electrode 34 are fixed on outstanding 11 upper surface of arm beam and clamped by the first rubber washer 12, wherein Fig. 3 is the left view of single cantilever beam isotope battery, Fig. 4 It is the left view of double cantilever beam isotope battery.
Fig. 5 is the right view of isotope battery structure in Fig. 1, and the gas nozzle 18 of isotope battery passes through the second rubber washer 17 It grips.
In another embodiment of the application, as shown in Figure 6：Isotope battery generally column structure, 15 liang of shell The first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber washer 17 are inlayed in end respectively, and 11 free end of cantilever beam, which is stretched into shell 15, to be vacantly arranged, 11 fixing end of cantilever beam is fixed by the first rubber washer 12 or shell 15, and dielectric substrate 31 is arranged in 11 fixing end of cantilever beam Surface, for the setting of the first piezoelectricity output electrode 32 in 31 upper surface of dielectric substrate, the setting of piezoelectricity transition components 33 is defeated in the first piezoelectricity Go out 31 upper surface of electrode, the setting of the second piezoelectricity output electrode 34 is in 33 upper surface of piezoelectricity transition components, the output of piezoelectricity transition components Terminal 36 is electrically connected by piezoelectricity transition components output lead 35 and piezoelectricity transition components 33, and then the electric energy of pressure conversion is defeated Go out.11 free end upper and lower surface of the cantilever beam is respectively fitted with the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and the first charge-trapping Plate 25,42 upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component are provided with cooling fin 41, the first thermoelectric conversion component electricity output Terminal 44 accesses the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 by the first thermoelectric conversion component output lead 43, and then realizes the first thermoelectricity The electric energy output that temperature difference heat between external environment residing for transition components 42 and cooling fin 41 is converted into.Second charge-trapping plate 23 Setting is oppositely arranged on the shell 15, and with the first charge-trapping plate 25, and on the second charge-trapping plate 23 The charge of enrichment is opposite with the charge polarity being enriched on the first charge-trapping plate 25 (for example, on the second charge-trapping plate 23 It is enriched with positive charge 22, negative electrical charge 24 is enriched on the first charge-trapping plate 25), when the first charge-trapping of cantilever beam free end lower surface Plate 25 discharges Coulomb attraction when being contacted with the second charge-trapping plate 23, and electricity output is realized with this reciprocation cycle.Second electricity 23 upper surface of lotus collecting board is provided with the second thermoelectric conversion component 42a as the first energy conservation component, turns in the second thermoelectricity Changing the upper surfaces component 42a deposition has radioactive isotope film 21 (radioactive source), that is to say, that the second thermoelectric conversion component 42a Be arranged in side of the radioactive source 21 far from the first charge-trapping plate 25, and by the second thermoelectric conversion component output lead 43a with Second thermoelectric conversion component leading-out terminal 44a electrical connections, are leaned in this way, the second thermoelectric conversion component 42a can absorb radioactive source 21 The heat of the side radiation of nearly shell 15, and it is converted into electric energy output, the energy conversion efficiency of battery is effectively improved, is overcome The larger problem of single transducing, energy loss.In addition, support frame as described above 13 is arranged in the lower surface of 11 fixing end of the cantilever beam Between the shell 15, supporting pad 14 is set to 15 inner surface of shell, specifically, can be close to the setting of 15 inner wall of shell the Between one rubber washer 12 and the second rubber washer 17, it is equipped on second rubber washer 17 and is connected with sealing space 16 Valve 19 and gas nozzle 18 (for example can be arranged in 17 middle position of the second rubber washer), it is true for making the inside of shell 15 be formed Cavity body 16.
In another embodiment of the application, as shown in Figure 7：Isotope battery generally column structure, 15 liang of shell The first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber washer 17 are inlayed in end respectively, and 11 free end of cantilever beam, which is stretched into shell 15, to be vacantly arranged, 11 fixing end of cantilever beam is fixed by the first rubber washer 12 or shell 15, and dielectric substrate 31 is arranged in 11 fixing end of cantilever beam Surface, for the setting of the first piezoelectricity output electrode 32 in 31 upper surface of dielectric substrate, the setting of piezoelectricity transition components 33 is defeated in the first piezoelectricity Go out 31 upper surface of electrode, the setting of the second piezoelectricity output electrode 34 is in 33 upper surface of piezoelectricity transition components, the output of piezoelectricity transition components Terminal 36 is electrically connected by piezoelectricity transition components output lead 35 and piezoelectricity transition components 33, and then the electric energy of pressure conversion is defeated Go out.11 free end upper and lower surface of the cantilever beam is respectively fitted with the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and the first charge-trapping Plate 25,42 upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component are provided with cooling fin 41, the first thermoelectric conversion component electricity output Terminal 44 accesses the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 by the first thermoelectric conversion component output lead 43, and then realizes the first thermoelectricity The electric energy output that temperature difference heat between external environment residing for transition components 42 and cooling fin 41 is converted into.At this point, radioactive source 21 is also It is used as the second charge-trapping plate simultaneously, is arranged on the first radiation volt components 42b as the first energy conservation component (i.e. the One energy conservation component is arranged in side of the radioactive source far from the first charge-trapping plate), and with first charge-trapping Plate 25 is oppositely arranged, and the charge being enriched on the radioactive source 21 and the charge polarity being enriched on the first charge-trapping plate 25 (for example, being enriched with positive charge 22 on radioactive source 21, negative electrical charge 24 is enriched on the first charge-trapping plate 25) on the contrary, when cantilever beam freedom End lower surface the first charge-trapping plate 25 discharges Coulomb attraction when being contacted with radioactive source 21, realizes that electricity is defeated with this reciprocation cycle Go out.Wherein, the first radiation volt components 42b passes through the first radiation volt components output lead 43b and the first radiation volt components Leading-out terminal 44b electrical connections, in this way, the first radiation volt components 42b can absorb side spoke of the radioactive source 21 close to shell 15 The particle penetrated, and it is converted into electric energy output, the energy conversion efficiency of battery is effectively improved, single transducing, energy damage are overcome Lose larger problem.In addition, support frame as described above 13 be arranged the lower surface of 11 fixing end of the cantilever beam and the shell 15 it Between, supporting pad 14 is set to 15 inner surface of shell, is arranged in 12 He of the first rubber washer specifically, can be close to 15 inner wall of shell Between second rubber washer 17, the valve 19 and gas nozzle being connected with sealing space 16 are equipped on second rubber washer 17 18 (for example can be arranged in 17 middle position of the second rubber washer), for making 15 inside of shell form vacuum cavity 16.
In another embodiment of the application, as shown in Figure 8：Isotope battery generally column structure, 15 liang of shell The first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber washer 17 are inlayed in end respectively, and 11 free end of cantilever beam, which is stretched into shell 15, to be vacantly arranged, 11 fixing end of cantilever beam is fixed by the first rubber washer 12 or shell 15, and dielectric substrate 31 is arranged in 11 fixing end of cantilever beam Surface, for the setting of the first piezoelectricity output electrode 32 in 31 upper surface of dielectric substrate, the setting of piezoelectricity transition components 33 is defeated in the first piezoelectricity Go out 31 upper surface of electrode, the setting of the second piezoelectricity output electrode 34 is in 33 upper surface of piezoelectricity transition components, the output of piezoelectricity transition components Terminal 36 is electrically connected by piezoelectricity transition components output lead 35 and piezoelectricity transition components 33, and then the electric energy of pressure conversion is defeated Go out.11 free end upper and lower surface of the cantilever beam is respectively fitted with the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and the first charge-trapping Plate 25,42 upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component are provided with cooling fin 41, the first thermoelectric conversion component electricity output Terminal 44 accesses the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 by the first thermoelectric conversion component output lead 43, and then realizes the first thermoelectricity The electric energy output that temperature difference heat between external environment residing for transition components 42 and cooling fin 41 is converted into.At this point, radioactive source 21 is also It is used as the second charge-trapping plate simultaneously, is arranged on the first radioluminescence component 42c as the first energy conservation component (i.e. the One energy conservation component is arranged in side of the radioactive source far from the first charge-trapping plate), and with first charge-trapping Plate 25 is oppositely arranged, and the charge being enriched on the radioactive source 21 and the charge polarity being enriched on the first charge-trapping plate 25 (for example, being enriched with positive charge 22 on radioactive source 21, negative electrical charge 24 is enriched on the first charge-trapping plate 25) on the contrary, when cantilever beam freedom End lower surface the first charge-trapping plate 25 discharges Coulomb attraction when being contacted with radioactive source 21, realizes that electricity is defeated with this reciprocation cycle Go out.Wherein, the first radioluminescence component 42c passes through the first radioluminescence component output lead 43c and the first radioluminescence component Leading-out terminal 44c electrical connections, in this way, the first radioluminescence component 42c can absorb side spoke of the radioactive source 21 close to shell 15 The particle penetrated, and it is converted into electric energy output, the energy conversion efficiency of battery is effectively improved, single transducing, energy damage are overcome Lose larger problem.In addition, support frame as described above 13 be arranged the lower surface of 11 fixing end of the cantilever beam and the shell 15 it Between；Supporting pad 14 is set to 15 inner surface of shell, is arranged in 12 He of the first rubber washer specifically, can be close to 15 inner wall of shell Between second rubber washer 17；The valve 19 and gas nozzle being connected with sealing space 16 are equipped on second rubber washer 17 18 (for example can be arranged in 17 middle position of the second rubber washer), for making 15 inside of shell form vacuum cavity 16.
In another embodiment of the application, as shown in Figure 9：Isotope battery generally column structure, 15 liang of shell The first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber washer 17 are inlayed in end respectively, and 11 free end of cantilever beam, which is stretched into shell 15, to be vacantly arranged, 11 fixing end of cantilever beam is fixed by the first rubber washer 12 or shell 15, and dielectric substrate 31 is arranged in 11 fixing end of cantilever beam Surface, for the setting of the first piezoelectricity output electrode 32 in 31 upper surface of dielectric substrate, the setting of piezoelectricity transition components 33 is defeated in the first piezoelectricity Go out 31 upper surface of electrode, the setting of the second piezoelectricity output electrode 34 is in 33 upper surface of piezoelectricity transition components, the output of piezoelectricity transition components Terminal 36 is electrically connected by piezoelectricity transition components output lead 35 and piezoelectricity transition components 33, and then the electric energy of pressure conversion is defeated Go out.11 free end upper and lower surface of the cantilever beam is respectively fitted with the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and the first charge-trapping Plate 25,42 upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component are provided with cooling fin 41, the first thermoelectric conversion component electricity output Terminal 44 accesses the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 by the first thermoelectric conversion component output lead 43, and then realizes the first thermoelectricity The electric energy output that temperature difference heat between external environment residing for transition components 42 and cooling fin 41 is converted into.At this point, the radioactive source 21 are arranged in the lower section of 11 fixing end of the cantilever beam, and is respectively arranged in the upper and lower surface of the radioactive source 21 Two energy conservation components and third energy conservation component, second energy conservation component are electrically connected with the first charge-trapping plate It connects, the third energy conservation component is electrically connected with the second charge-trapping plate, wherein the second energy conservation component and third Energy conservation component is third thermoelectric conversion component 42d, and third thermoelectric conversion component 42d is defeated by third thermoelectric conversion component Go out conducting wire 43d to be electrically connected with third thermoelectric conversion component leading-out terminal 44d, in this way, third thermoelectric conversion component 42d can absorb The heat discharged when Radioactive Source Decay, and it is converted into electric energy output, the energy conversion efficiency of battery is effectively improved, list is overcome The larger problem of one transducing, energy loss.The second charge-trapping plate 23 is arranged on the shell 15, and with described first Charge-trapping plate 25 is oppositely arranged, and on the charge and the first charge-trapping plate 25 being enriched in second charge enrichment 23 The charge polarity of enrichment is opposite, and (for example, being enriched with positive charge 22 in the second charge enrichment 23, enrichment is negative on the first charge-trapping plate 25 Charge 24), discharge library when 11 free end lower surface the first charge-trapping plate 25 of cantilever beam is contacted with the second charge-trapping plate 23 Logical sequence gravitation realizes electricity output with this reciprocation cycle.In addition, support frame as described above 13 is arranged under 11 fixing end of the cantilever beam Between surface and the shell 15, and positioned at the both sides of radioactive source 21 and third thermoelectric conversion component 42d；Supporting pad 14 is set to 15 inner surface of shell is arranged specifically, supporting pad 14 can be close to 15 inner wall of shell in the first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber Between washer 17；Be equipped on second rubber washer 17 valve 19 being connected with sealing space 16 and gas nozzle 18 (such as Can be arranged in 17 middle position of the second rubber washer), for making 15 inside of shell form vacuum cavity 16.
In another embodiment of the application, as shown in Figure 10：Isotope battery generally column structure, 15 liang of shell The first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber washer 17 are inlayed in end respectively, and 11 free end of cantilever beam, which is stretched into shell 15, to be vacantly arranged, 11 fixing end of cantilever beam is fixed by the first rubber washer 12 or shell 15, and dielectric substrate 31 is arranged in 11 fixing end of cantilever beam Surface, for the setting of the first piezoelectricity output electrode 32 in 31 upper surface of dielectric substrate, the setting of piezoelectricity transition components 33 is defeated in the first piezoelectricity Go out 31 upper surface of electrode, the setting of the second piezoelectricity output electrode 34 is in 33 upper surface of piezoelectricity transition components, the output of piezoelectricity transition components Terminal 36 is electrically connected by piezoelectricity transition components output lead 35 and piezoelectricity transition components 33, and then the electric energy of pressure conversion is defeated Go out.11 free end upper and lower surface of the cantilever beam is respectively fitted with the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and the first charge-trapping Plate 25,42 upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component are provided with cooling fin 41, the first thermoelectric conversion component electricity output Terminal 44 accesses the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 by the first thermoelectric conversion component output lead 43, and then realizes the first thermoelectricity The electric energy output that temperature difference heat between external environment residing for transition components 42 and cooling fin 41 is converted into.At this point, the radioactive source 21 are arranged in the lower section of 11 fixing end of the cantilever beam, and is respectively arranged in the upper and lower surface of the radioactive source 21 Two energy conservation components and third energy conservation component, second energy conservation component are electrically connected with the first charge-trapping plate It connects, the third energy conservation component is electrically connected with the second charge-trapping plate, wherein the second energy conservation component and third Energy conservation component is the second radiation volt components 42e, the second radiation volt components 42e defeated by the second radiation volt components Go out conducting wire 43e to be electrically connected with the second radiation volt components leading-out terminal 44e, in this way, the second radiation volt components 42e can absorb The particle discharged when Radioactive Source Decay, and it is converted into electric energy output, the energy conversion efficiency of battery is effectively improved, list is overcome The larger problem of one transducing, energy loss.The second charge-trapping plate 23 is arranged on the shell 15, and with described first Charge-trapping plate 25 is oppositely arranged, and on the charge and the first charge-trapping plate 25 being enriched in second charge enrichment 23 The charge polarity of enrichment is opposite, and (for example, being enriched with positive charge 22 in the second charge enrichment 23, enrichment is negative on the first charge-trapping plate 25 Charge 24), discharge library when 11 free end lower surface the first charge-trapping plate 25 of cantilever beam is contacted with the second charge-trapping plate 23 Logical sequence gravitation realizes electricity output with this reciprocation cycle.In addition, support frame as described above 13 is arranged under 11 fixing end of the cantilever beam Between surface and the shell 15, and positioned at the both sides of the radiation volt components of radioactive source 21 and second 42e；Supporting pad 14 is set to 15 inner surface of shell is arranged specifically, supporting pad 14 can be close to 15 inner wall of shell in the first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber Between washer 17；Be equipped on second rubber washer 17 valve 19 being connected with sealing space 16 and gas nozzle 18 (such as Can be arranged in 17 middle position of the second rubber washer), for making 15 inside of shell form vacuum cavity 16.
In another embodiment of the application, as shown in figure 11：Isotope battery generally column structure, 15 liang of shell The first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber washer 17 are inlayed in end respectively, and 11 free end of cantilever beam, which is stretched into shell 15, to be vacantly arranged, 11 fixing end of cantilever beam is fixed by the first rubber washer 12 or shell 15, and dielectric substrate 31 is arranged in 11 fixing end of cantilever beam Surface, for the setting of the first piezoelectricity output electrode 32 in 31 upper surface of dielectric substrate, the setting of piezoelectricity transition components 33 is defeated in the first piezoelectricity Go out 31 upper surface of electrode, the setting of the second piezoelectricity output electrode 34 is in 33 upper surface of piezoelectricity transition components, the output of piezoelectricity transition components Terminal 36 is electrically connected by piezoelectricity transition components output lead 35 and piezoelectricity transition components 33, and then the electric energy of pressure conversion is defeated Go out.11 free end upper and lower surface of the cantilever beam is respectively fitted with the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and the first charge-trapping Plate 25,42 upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component are provided with cooling fin 41, the first thermoelectric conversion component electricity output Terminal 44 accesses the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 by the first thermoelectric conversion component output lead 43, and then realizes the first thermoelectricity The electric energy output that temperature difference heat between external environment residing for transition components 42 and cooling fin 41 is converted into.At this point, the radioactive source 21 are arranged in the lower section of 11 fixing end of the cantilever beam, and is respectively arranged in the upper and lower surface of the radioactive source 21 Two energy conservation components and third energy conservation component, second energy conservation component are electrically connected with the first charge-trapping plate It connects, the third energy conservation component is electrically connected with the second charge-trapping plate, wherein the second energy conservation component and third Energy conservation component is the second radioluminescence component 42f, the second radioluminescence component 42f defeated by the second radioluminescence component Go out conducting wire 43f to be electrically connected with the second radioluminescence component leading-out terminal 44f, in this way, the second radioluminescence component 42f can absorb The particle discharged when Radioactive Source Decay, and it is converted into electric energy output, the energy conversion efficiency of battery is effectively improved, list is overcome The larger problem of one transducing, energy loss.The second charge-trapping plate 23 is arranged on the shell 15, and with described first Charge-trapping plate 25 is oppositely arranged, and on the charge and the first charge-trapping plate 25 being enriched in second charge enrichment 23 The charge polarity of enrichment is opposite, and (for example, being enriched with positive charge 22 in the second charge enrichment 23, enrichment is negative on the first charge-trapping plate 25 Charge 24), discharge library when 11 free end lower surface the first charge-trapping plate 25 of cantilever beam is contacted with the second charge-trapping plate 23 Logical sequence gravitation realizes electricity output with this reciprocation cycle.In addition, support frame as described above 13 is arranged under 11 fixing end of the cantilever beam Between surface and the shell 15, and positioned at the both sides of radioactive source 21 and the second radioluminescence component 42f；Supporting pad 14 is set to 15 inner surface of shell is arranged specifically, supporting pad 14 can be close to 15 inner wall of shell in the first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber Between washer 17；Be equipped on second rubber washer 17 valve 19 being connected with sealing space 16 and gas nozzle 18 (such as Can be arranged in 17 middle position of the second rubber washer), for making 15 inside of shell form vacuum cavity 16.
According to an embodiment of the present application, 2 and Figure 13 referring to Fig.1, in same isotope battery, the quantity of energy transducer 10 It is multiple.Wherein, piezoelectric unit 30 includes the first piezoelectricity output electrode 32, piezoelectricity transition components 33 and the second piezoelectricity output electrode 34, the first thermoelectric unit 40 includes the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and cooling fin 41, each output lead and output end therein The isostructural details of son is not drawn into.Thus, it is possible to meet the requirement exported to different electricity to different isotope batteries.
According to an embodiment of the present application, 2 and Figure 13 referring to Fig.1, the energy transducer 10 in integrated transducer part 20 divide in column Cloth, adjacent two row energy transducer constitute energy transducer group, i.e. module makeup is presented along 21 length direction of radioactive source in energy transducer 10 Match and formed energy transducer group, the free end of energy transducer 10 is arranged close in adjacent transducer part group, each energy transducer group In the free ends of two row energy transducers be arranged close to.Technological process is simple as a result, and integrated level is high.
According to an embodiment of the present application, real by way of at least one of series connection and parallel connection between multiple energy transducers Existing power management.Those skilled in the art can meet various differences according to the circuit of actual demand flexible design battery as a result, The use demand of battery.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, it is not understood to indicate or imply relative importance Or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define " first " as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or Implicitly include one or more this feature.In the description of the present application, the meaning of " plurality " is two or more, Unless otherwise specifically defined.
In this application unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc. Term shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integral；Can be that machinery connects It connects, can also be electrical connection；It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediary in two elements The interaction relationship of the connection in portion or two elements.It for the ordinary skill in the art, can be according to specific feelings Condition understands the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in this application.
In this application unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, fisrt feature can be with "above" or "below" second feature It is that the first and second features are in direct contact or the first and second features pass through intermediary mediate contact.Moreover, fisrt feature exists Second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature be directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or be merely representative of Fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " lower section " and " below " can be One feature is directly under or diagonally below the second feature, or is merely representative of fisrt feature level height and is less than second feature.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example Point is contained at least one embodiment or example of the application.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in office It can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or example.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this field Art personnel can tie the feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples It closes and combines.
Although embodiments herein has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example Property, it should not be understood as the limitation to the application, those skilled in the art within the scope of application can be to above-mentioned Embodiment is changed, changes, replacing and modification.

Claims (20)

1. a kind of piezoelectricity thermoelectricity static type isotope battery, which is characterized in that including shell and disposed in the housing change Energy device, the energy transducer include：
Cantilever beam, one end on the cantilever beam length direction is fixed forms fixing end, the length of cantilever on the housing The other end on degree direction stretches in the shell and is vacantly arranged to form free end；
The lower surface in the cantilever beam free end is arranged in first charge-trapping plate, the first charge-trapping plate；
Second charge-trapping plate, the second charge-trapping plate setting on the housing, and with the first charge-trapping plate The charge for being oppositely arranged, and being enriched on the second charge-trapping plate and the charge polarity being enriched on the first charge-trapping plate On the contrary；
Radioactive source, the radioactive source are disposed in the housing；
Dielectric substrate, the dielectric substrate are arranged in the fixing end upper surface of the cantilever beam；
First piezoelectricity output electrode, the first piezoelectricity output electrode are arranged in the dielectric substrate upper surface；
Piezoelectricity transition components, the piezoelectricity transition components are arranged in the first piezoelectricity output electrode upper surface；
Second piezoelectricity output electrode, the second piezoelectricity output electrode are arranged in piezoelectricity transition components upper surface；
The upper surface in the cantilever beam free end is arranged in first thermoelectric conversion component, first thermoelectric conversion component；
Cooling fin, the cooling fin are arranged in the upper surface of first thermoelectric conversion component.
2. isotope battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the radioactive source setting is received in second charge Collect on surface of the plate far from the shell.
3. isotope battery according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include the first energy conservation component, described One energy conservation component is arranged in side of the radioactive source far from the first charge-trapping plate.
4. isotope battery according to claim 3, which is characterized in that first energy conservation component includes the second heat Electric transition components, the first radiation volt components, any one in the first radioluminescence component.
5. isotope battery according to claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that the radioactive source is arranged in first energy It measures on transition components, is oppositely arranged with the first charge-trapping plate, and be multiplexed with the second charge-trapping plate.
6. isotope battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the radioactive source setting is fixed in the cantilever beam The lower section at end, and the second energy conservation component and third energy turn are respectively arranged in the upper and lower surface of the radioactive source Change component, second energy conservation component is electrically connected with the first charge-trapping plate, the third energy conservation component with The second charge-trapping plate electrical connection.
7. isotope battery according to claim 6, which is characterized in that second energy conservation component and the third Energy conservation component is respectively arbitrary in third thermoelectric conversion component, the second radiation volt components and the second radioluminescence component It is a kind of.
8. isotope battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the shell includes：
Cylindrical housings ontology and the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring at cylindrical housings ontology both ends are set, so that It obtains the enclosure interior and forms sealing space, the cantilever beam fixing end is embedded in first sealing ring, second sealing The gas nozzle for being provided with the valve being connected with the sealing space on circle and being connected with the valve.
9. isotope battery according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the enclosure body inner surface is provided with support Pad.
10. isotope battery according to claim 8 or claim 9, which is characterized in that the enclosure body inner surface, which is provided with, to be received Rice lead organic glass composite coating.
11. isotope battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include supporting rack, support frame as described above setting exists Between the lower surface and the shell of the cantilever beam fixing end.
12. isotope battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the radioactive source includes αsource and β radiation At least one of source.
13. isotope battery according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the αsource is selected from210Po、Gd210Po、 Y210Po、La210Po、Ce210Po、Pr210Po、Nd210Po、Sm210Po、Eu210Po、Tb210Po、Dy210Po、Ho210Po、Er210Po、 Tm210Po、Yb210Po、Lu210Po、Pm210Po、Sc210Po、Gd3 210Po、Y3 210Po、La3 210Po、Ce3 210Po、Pr3 210Po、 Nd3 210Po、Sm3 210Po、Eu3 210Po、Tb3 210Po、Dy3 210Po、Ho3 210Po、Er3 210Po、Tm3 210Po、Yb3 210Po、Lu3 210Po 、228Th、228ThO2、235U、238Pu、238PuO2Microballoon,238PuO2- Mo ceramics,238PuO2Fuel sphere,238PuO2Ceramics,238Pu-Zr Alloy,238Pu-Ga alloys,238Pu-Pt alloys,238Pu-Sc alloys,238PuN、238PuC、241Am、242Cm、242Cm2O3、244Cm With244Cm2O3At least one of；The radiator beta-ray is selected from (C4H3 3H5-)n、Sc3H2、14C、35S、63Ni、90Sr、90Sr/90Y、90SrTiO3、90SrNO3、90SrNO3/ bicyclohexane simultaneously -18- crown ethers -6,106Ru、137Cs、137CsCl、144Ce、144CeO2、147Pm 、147Pm2O3With151At least one of Sm.
14. isotope battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that form the material choosing of the piezoelectricity transition components From lead titanates, lead zirconate titanate, lead magnesio-niobate, lead zinc niobate, tantalum scandium acid plumbum, barium titanate, bismuth-sodium titanate, Kynoar and calcium titanium At least one of mine piezoelectric material.
15. according to the isotope battery described in claim 1,4 or 7, which is characterized in that form the material of the thermoelectric conversion component Material is selected from Bi2Te3Sill, Sb2Se3Sill, Sb2Te3Sill, BiSb sills, Zn4Sb3Sill, Mg3Sb2Base material Material and Sb2Se3At least one of sill.
16. the isotope battery according to claim 4 or 7, which is characterized in that form the material of the radiation volt components Selected from Ge, Si, InP, GaAs, GaP, SiC, TiO2Nano-tube array, ZnO, GaN, ZnS, SiCN, SiCN/Si, diamond and At least one of AlN；It forms the radioluminescence assembly material and is selected from ZnS:Cu、ZnS:Ag、SrAl2O4:Eu2+、SrAl2O4: Dy2+And Y2O2S:At least one of Eu.
17. according to the isotope battery described in claim 1,4 or 7, which is characterized in that further comprise：
More output leads, the more output leads respectively with the thermoelectric conversion component, the piezoelectricity transition components, described Radiate volt components and radioluminescence component electrical connection, wherein the more output leads are selected from the high fire resisting of nickel plating copper core Insulated conductor.
18. isotope battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the quantity of the energy transducer is multiple.
19. isotope battery according to claim 18, which is characterized in that the energy transducer is at column distribution, and adjacent two It arranges the energy transducer and constitutes energy transducer group, the free end of two row energy transducers in each energy transducer group is close to be set It sets.
20. the isotope battery according to claim 18 or 19, which is characterized in that pass through between multiple energy transducers The mode of series connection and at least one of parallel connection realizes power management.
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