CN108630336A - Piezoelectric thermoelectric static isotope battery - Google Patents
Piezoelectric thermoelectric static isotope battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN108630336A CN108630336A CN201810464282.9A CN201810464282A CN108630336A CN 108630336 A CN108630336 A CN 108630336A CN 201810464282 A CN201810464282 A CN 201810464282A CN 108630336 A CN108630336 A CN 108630336A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21H—OBTAINING ENERGY FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES; APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; UTILISING COSMIC RADIATION
- G21H1/00—Arrangements for obtaining electrical energy from radioactive sources, e.g. from radioactive isotopes, nuclear or atomic batteries
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21H—OBTAINING ENERGY FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES; APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; UTILISING COSMIC RADIATION
- G21H1/00—Arrangements for obtaining electrical energy from radioactive sources, e.g. from radioactive isotopes, nuclear or atomic batteries
- G21H1/10—Cells in which radiation heats a thermoelectric junction or a thermionic converter
- G21H1/103—Cells provided with thermo-electric generators
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The present application provides a piezoelectric thermoelectric static type isotope battery. The isotope battery includes a housing and a transducer device disposed in the housing, the transducer device including: one end in the length direction is fixed on the shell, and the other end extends into the shell and is suspended in the air; the first charge collecting plate is arranged on the lower surface of the free end of the cantilever beam; a second charge collecting plate disposed on the housing and opposite to the first charge collecting plate, and having an enriched charge with a polarity opposite to that of the first charge collecting plate; a radiation source disposed in the body; the insulating substrate, the first piezoelectric output electrode, the piezoelectric conversion component and the second piezoelectric output electrode are sequentially arranged on the upper surface of the fixed end of the cantilever beam; the first thermoelectric conversion component is arranged on the upper surface of the free end of the cantilever beam; and a heat sink disposed on an upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion module. The battery has the characteristics of high energy conversion efficiency, large output power, strong environmental applicability, good working stability and long service life.
Description
Technical field
The application belongs to piezoelectric device, thermo-electric device, isotope battery, hybrid power system and micro-nano integration field, tool
Body is related to piezoelectricity isotope battery.
Background technology
The isotope that atom nuclear composition (or energy state) spontaneously changes, while radiating emergent ray is known as the same position of radioactivity
Element.Radioisotope battery, abbreviation isotope battery, it be using energy transducer by radioisotope decays when release
The energy of ray is converted into electric energy output, to reach power supply purpose.Since isotope battery has, service life is long, environment is suitable
Ying Xingqiang, good operating stability, Maintenance free, miniaturization the advantages that, at present military and national defense, deep space deep-sea, polar region detection,
The key areas such as biologic medical, electronics industry are widely used.
Isotope battery was proposed by English physicist Henry Moseley in 1913 first, and related isotope is electric
The research in pond is concentrated mainly on past 100 years.2017, Zhou Yi et al. combined isotope battery transducing under different transposition modes
The transposition mode of isotope battery is divided into four classes by efficiency with output power size：1. static type thermoelectric (al) type (thermoelectric/
Thermoelectricity, thermionic emission, contact potential difference, thermal photovoltaic, alkali metal thermo-electric conversion) isotope battery；2. radiating volta effect (Xiao
Te Ji, PN/PIN are tied) isotope battery；3. dynamic type thermoelectric (al) type (Brayton cycle, Stirling cycle, Rankine cycle, magnetic fluid
Power generation, jetting flow piezoelectric type) isotope battery；4. special transducing mechanism (direct collection, radioluminescence, outside neutron source driving
The electromagnetic radiation of β particles, magnetic under formula, decay lc circuit coupled resonance, cosmic ray/electromagnetic wave collection, piezoelectric cantilever, magnetic confinement
Separate type, radiation ionization) isotope battery.
The result of study of above-mentioned four classes isotope battery show energy conversion efficiency it is low be still being total to for current isotope battery
Property where.The development of static type thermoelectric (al) type isotope battery mainly has benefited from the research and development of State-level, especially thermal type
The design of isotope battery (radioisotope thermoelectric generators, RTG) is with manufacture at present in the U.S.
It has been be gradually improved that, but it is less efficient based on thermoelectric material transducing cell power conversion, even if NASA latest reports is enhanced
Multitask thermal type isotope battery (enhanced multi-mission radioisotope thermoelectric
Generators, eMMRTG) conversion efficiency also less than 8%, thus its use scope is limited, civil nature process is more difficult.
Volta effect isotope battery is radiated using semi-conducting material as transduction assembly, it can be achieved that isotope battery device miniaturization, is improved
Its application in terms of MEMS/NEMS and low power devices, and it is quick with wide bandgap semiconductor and multidimensional structure material
Development achieves certain research effect, but there are ray long-term irradiation lower semiconductor materials for radiation volta effect isotope battery
Performance degradation problem reduces the service life of radiation volta effect isotope battery.Piezoelectric type cantilever beam isotope battery is logical
Electric energy output is realized in the reciprocating machine deformation for crossing piezoelectric cantilever, is widely used in terms of micro-nano device and vacuum leak hunting
Value, but cell power conversion is less efficient, and energy loss is larger.In conclusion the correlative study of isotope battery at present is still
Need to be goed deep into.
Invention content
The application is intended to solve at least some of the technical problems in related technologies.For this purpose, the application
One purpose is to propose that one kind can break through conventional piezoelectric formula cantilever beam isotope battery there are single transducing, energy loss are larger
Technical bottleneck, largely improve isotope battery energy conversion efficiency or extend isotope battery micro-nano application
The isotope battery in field.
In the one side of the application, this application provides a kind of piezoelectricity thermoelectricity static type isotope batteries.According to this Shen
Embodiment please, the isotope battery include shell and energy transducer disposed in the housing, and the energy transducer includes：
Cantilever beam, one end on the cantilever beam length direction is fixed forms fixing end, the cantilever beam length side on the housing
The upward other end stretches in the shell and is vacantly arranged to form free end；First charge-trapping plate, first charge
The lower surface in the cantilever beam free end is arranged in collecting board；Second charge-trapping plate, the second charge-trapping plate setting exist
On the shell, and the charge for being oppositely arranged with the first charge-trapping plate, and being enriched on the second charge-trapping plate with
The charge polarity being enriched on the first charge-trapping plate is opposite；Radioactive source, the radioactive source are disposed in the housing；Insulation
Substrate, the dielectric substrate are arranged in the fixing end upper surface of the cantilever beam；First piezoelectricity output electrode, first piezoelectricity
Output electrode is arranged in the dielectric substrate upper surface；Piezoelectricity transition components, the piezoelectricity transition components are arranged described first
Piezoelectricity output electrode upper surface；Second piezoelectricity output electrode, the second piezoelectricity output electrode are arranged in the piezoelectricity conversion group
Part upper surface；The upper surface in the cantilever beam free end is arranged in first thermoelectric conversion component, first thermoelectric conversion component；
Cooling fin, the cooling fin are arranged in the upper surface of first thermoelectric conversion component.The isotope battery can break through tradition
There are the larger technical bottlenecks of single transducing, energy loss for isotope battery, have energy conversion efficiency height, job stability
Well, the features such as micro-nano integrated level is high.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the radioactive source is arranged in the table of the second charge-trapping plate far from the shell
On face.
According to an embodiment of the present application, which further includes the first energy conservation component, and first energy turns
Component is changed to be arranged in side of the radioactive source far from the first charge-trapping plate.
According to an embodiment of the present application, first energy conservation component includes the second thermoelectric conversion component, the first radiation
Any one in volt components, the first radioluminescence component.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the radioactive source is arranged in first energy conservation component, with described first
Charge-trapping plate is oppositely arranged, and is multiplexed with the second charge-trapping plate.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the radioactive source is arranged in the lower section of the cantilever beam fixing end, and the radiation
The second energy conservation component and third energy conservation component, second energy are respectively arranged in the upper and lower surface in source
Transition components are electrically connected with the first charge-trapping plate, the third energy conservation component and the second charge-trapping plate electricity
Connection.
According to an embodiment of the present application, second energy conservation component and the third energy conservation component are respectively
Three thermoelectric conversion components, second radiation volt components and the second radioluminescence component in any one.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the shell includes：Cylindrical housings ontology and setting are in the cylindrical housings
First sealing ring and the second sealing ring at ontology both ends, so that the enclosure interior forms sealing space, the cantilever beam is solid
Fixed end is embedded in first sealing ring, be provided on second sealing ring valve being connected with the sealing space and with
The gas nozzle that the valve is connected.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the enclosure body inner surface is provided with supporting pad.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the enclosure body inner surface is provided with nanometer lead organic glass composite material and applies
Layer.
According to an embodiment of the present application, which further includes supporting rack, and support frame as described above is arranged in the cantilever
Between the lower surface of beam fixing end and the shell.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the radioactive source includes at least one of αsource and radiator beta-ray.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the αsource is selected from210Po、Gd210Po、Y210Po、La210Po、Ce210Po、
Pr210Po、Nd210Po、Sm210Po、Eu210Po、Tb210Po、Dy210Po、Ho210Po、Er210Po、Tm210Po、Yb210Po、Lu210Po、
Pm210Po、Sc210Po、Gd3 210Po、Y3 210Po、La3 210Po、Ce3 210Po、Pr3 210Po、Nd3 210Po、Sm3 210Po、Eu3 210Po、
Tb3 210Po、Dy3 210Po、Ho3 210Po、Er3 210Po、Tm3 210Po、Yb3 210Po、Lu3 210Po、228Th、228ThO2、235U、238Pu、238PuO2Microballoon,238PuO2- Mo ceramics,238PuO2Fuel sphere,238PuO2Ceramics,238Pu-Zr alloys,238Pu-Ga alloys,238Pu-
Pt alloys,238Pu-Sc alloys,238PuN、238PuC、241Am、242Cm、242Cm2O3、244Cm and244Cm2O3At least one of；Institute
It states radiator beta-ray and is selected from (C4H3 3H5-)n、Sc3H2、14C、35S、63Ni、90Sr、90Sr/90Y、90SrTiO3、90SrNO3、90SrNO3/ bis-
Hexamethylene simultaneously -18- crown ethers -6,106Ru、137Cs、137CsCl、144Ce、144CeO2、147Pm、147Pm2O3With151At least one in Sm
Kind.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the material for forming the piezoelectricity transition components is selected from lead titanates, lead zirconate titanate, niobium magnesium
At least one in lead plumbate, lead zinc niobate, tantalum scandium acid plumbum, barium titanate, bismuth-sodium titanate, Kynoar and perovskite piezoelectric material
Kind.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the material for forming the thermoelectric conversion component is selected from Bi2Te3Sill, Sb2Se3Base
Material, Sb2Te3Sill, BiSb sills, Zn4Sb3Sill, Mg3Sb2Sill and Sb2Se3At least one in sill
Kind.
According to an embodiment of the present application, formed it is described radiation volt components material be selected from Ge, Si, InP, GaAs, GaP,
SiC、TiO2At least one of nano-tube array, ZnO, GaN, ZnS, SiCN, SiCN/Si, diamond and AlN；Described in formation
Radioluminescence assembly material is selected from ZnS:Cu、ZnS:Ag、SrAl2O4:Eu2+、SrAl2O4:Dy2+And Y2O2S:At least one in Eu
Kind.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the isotope battery further comprises：More output leads, the multiple output
Conducting wire respectively with the thermoelectric conversion component, the piezoelectricity transition components, the radiation volt components and the radioluminescence group
Part is electrically connected, wherein the more output leads are selected from the high fire-resistant wire of nickel plating copper core.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the quantity of the energy transducer is multiple.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the energy transducer constitutes transducing at column distribution, the adjacent two row energy transducer
The free end of device group, two row energy transducers in each energy transducer group is arranged close to.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the side between multiple energy transducers by connecting at least one of parallel connection
Formula realizes power management.
Isotope battery provided by the present application is transductive material by using piezoelectricity transition components, thermoelectric conversion component, into
One step combines radiation volt material effectively to breach single existing for traditional static type isotope battery change with radioluminescence material
The larger technical bottleneck of energy, energy loss, while the energy conversion efficiency of static type isotope battery is largely improved,
With energy conversion efficiency height, output power, ambient adaptability is strong, good operating stability, service life are long, easy to implement etc.
Feature, can long-term stable work in important necks such as military and national defense, deep space deep-sea, polar region detection, biologic medical, electronics industries
Domain further meets the environmentally friendly, efficient, portable, pervasive of energy demand.
Compared with the relevant technologies, the application at least has the advantages that：
1, the application realizes cascade using modes such as piezoelectric material, thermoelectric material, radiation volt material, radioluminescence materials
Step transducing devises a kind of novel isotope battery, largely improves cell power conversion efficiency, it is low to meet the energy
Carbocyclic ring guarantor, integrated efficient, economic pervasive requirement.
2, the application is integrated by carrying out extensive micro-nano to energy transducer, improves the electricity output characteristics of battery, is expanded
Application of the big battery in MEMS/NEMS, low-power/ultra low power electronic device etc..
3, the application is respectively adopted cantilever beam, thermoelectric conversion component, radiation volt components, radioluminescence component and realizes radiation
Source decay can be converted to electric energy, and multistage transducing structure ray plays preferable shielding action, auxiliary cambered shell body internal surface
Nanometer lead organic glass composite coating, further improves the safety of battery.
4, the application uses cross-brace pad and sealing ring to inside battery energy transducer and battery electrode junction, battery
Energy transducer outer surface carries out thermal insulation and fixes, and helps to buffer machinery existing for the inside batteries structure such as radioactive source and energy transducer
Extruding and thermal stress improve stability test, and preferably work in various adverse circumstances.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of isotope battery in one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram of isotope battery in another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is single cantilever beam isotope battery the structure left view in another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is double cantilever beam isotope battery the structure left view in another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is isotope battery structure right view in another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of isotope battery in another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of isotope battery in another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of isotope battery in another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of isotope battery in another embodiment of the invention.
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of isotope battery in another embodiment of the invention.
Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram of isotope battery in another embodiment of the invention.
Figure 12 is the structural schematic diagram of isotope battery integrated transducer part in another embodiment of the invention.
Figure 13 is the structural schematic diagram of isotope battery integrated transducer part in another embodiment of the invention.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiments herein is described below in detail.The embodiments described below is exemplary, and is only used for explaining this Shen
Please, it should not be understood as the limitation to the application.Particular technique or condition are not specified in embodiment, according to text in the art
It offers described technology or condition or is carried out according to product description.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer,
For can be with conventional products that are commercially available.
In the one side of the application, this application provides a kind of isotope batteries.According to an embodiment of the present application, this is same
The plain battery in position includes shell and energy transducer disposed in the housing, and the energy transducer includes：Cantilever beam, the cantilever
One end on beam length direction is fixed forms fixing end on the housing, and the other end on the cantilever beam length direction stretches to
It is arranged in the shell and vacantly to form free end；First charge-trapping plate, the first charge-trapping plate are arranged described
The lower surface of cantilever beam free end；Second charge-trapping plate, the second charge-trapping plate setting on the housing, and with institute
State the charge and the first charge-trapping plate that the first charge-trapping plate is oppositely arranged, and is enriched on the second charge-trapping plate
The charge polarity of upper enrichment is opposite；Radioactive source, the radioactive source are disposed in the housing；Dielectric substrate, the dielectric substrate
It is arranged in the fixing end upper surface of the cantilever beam；First piezoelectricity output electrode, the first piezoelectricity output electrode are arranged in institute
State dielectric substrate upper surface；Piezoelectricity transition components, the piezoelectricity transition components are arranged in the first piezoelectricity output electrode upper table
Face；Second piezoelectricity output electrode, the second piezoelectricity output electrode are arranged in piezoelectricity transition components upper surface；First thermoelectricity
The upper surface in the cantilever beam free end is arranged in transition components, first thermoelectric conversion component；Cooling fin, the cooling fin
It is arranged in the upper surface of first thermoelectric conversion component.The isotope battery can break through traditional isotope battery, and there are single
The larger technical bottleneck of transducing, energy loss has the spies such as energy conversion efficiency height, good operating stability, micro-nano integrated level height
Point.
In the isotope battery of the application, radioactive source (or radioactive isotope) occurs the released ray of decay and enters
It is mapped in transduction assembly, the energy of ray is converted into electric energy and thermal energy, and by energy transducer, (charge enrichment unit, piezoelectricity are converted
Component, thermoelectric conversion component) realize that Radioactive Source Decay can be to electric transformation of energy.Specifically, the isotope battery of the application is realized
The process of electricity output can be described as：Using cantilever beam free end lower surface the first charge-trapping plate to being released when Radioactive Source Decay
The particle of releasing is collected, and the charge electricity polarity of the first charge-trapping plate and the enrichment of the second charge-trapping plate is on the contrary, in library
Human relations graviational interaction Analysis of A Cantilever Beam Under free end lower surface the first charge-trapping plate dragging cantilever beam deflection makes piezoelectricity transition components generate
Mechanical deformation realizes that mechanical energy is converted to electric energy, when cantilever beam free end lower surface the first charge-trapping plate is the same as the second charge-trapping
Plate discharges Coulomb attraction when contacting, and electricity output is realized with this reciprocation cycle；Use the first thermoelectric conversion component by cantilever simultaneously
The temperature difference between external environment residing for beam and cooling fin is converted into electric energy, realizes electricity output.
According to the embodiment of application, concrete structure, shape of shell etc. can be selected flexibly according to actual needs.In this Shen
In some embodiments please, the shell includes cylindrical housings ontology and is arranged the of cylindrical housings ontology both ends
One sealing ring and the second sealing ring, so that the enclosure interior forms sealing space, described in cantilever beam fixing end insertion
In first sealing ring, it is provided with the valve being connected with the sealing space on second sealing ring and is connected with the valve
Logical gas nozzle.In some embodiments of the present application, the material for forming enclosure body can be alumina silicate；Form the first sealing ring
With the material identical of the second sealing ring, as long as the material (is made the shell of battery with support with certain mechanical strength
With), certain heat insulation and shield effectiveness, for example can be the materials such as carbon fiber, rubber；Gas nozzle can be circle hole shape
Gas nozzle；Valve can be globe valve.Enclosure interior sealing space can be made to form vacuum ring by valve and gas nozzle as a result,
Border can contribute to mechanical presses and thermal stress existing for buffer battery internal structure using sealing ring, improve stability test,
Preferably to work in various working environments.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the enclosure body inner surface is provided with supporting pad.In some embodiments of the application
In, the material for forming supporting pad can be graphite-epoxy heat-conductive composite material (GEC).Thus, it is possible to change inside battery
Energy device carries out thermal insulation with battery electrode junction, battery energy transducer outer surface and fixes, and contributes to buffer battery internal structure
Existing mechanical presses and thermal stress improve stability test, and preferably work in various adverse circumstances.In the application one
In a little embodiments, supporting pad can be arranged between the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring, and the component being arranged on shell (is such as put
Penetrate source, energy conservation component, second charge-trapping plate etc.) it can be arranged on supporting pad, it can also directly be set across supporting pad
It sets in enclosure body.
According to an embodiment of the present application, in order to improve alpha ray shield effect, improve the safety of battery, enclosure body it is interior
A nanometer lead organic glass composite coating can be set on surface, wherein the thickness of nanometer lead organic glass composite coating
Degree can be adjusted flexibly according to the requirement of actual working environment.The alpha ray shield of battery and safety are preferable as a result,.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the concrete structure of cantilever beam, material, shape etc. can be selected flexibly according to actual needs
It selects.In some embodiments of the present application, the material for forming cantilever beam can be Si, Au or Cu.Material source is extensive as a result,
Cost is relatively low, and mechanical performance, anti-fatigue performance are preferable so that the stability of battery is preferable, and service life is longer.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the first charge-trapping plate and the second charge-trapping plate can be metallic diaphragm, specifically
Material can be metal Au, Pd, Pt, Al, Cu, Ni or Ti.In the application some embodiments, the second charge-trapping plate can also
It is made of radioactive source, i.e., radioactive source is multiplexed with the second charge-trapping plate, and radioactive source is simultaneously as radioactive source and the second electricity in other words
Lotus collecting board uses.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the isotope battery of the application expands the range of choice of radioactive source, and radioactive source can
Think αsource, or radiator beta-ray.In some specific embodiments of the application, αsource is selected from210Po、
Gd210Po、Y210Po、La210Po、Ce210Po、Pr210Po、Nd210Po、Sm210Po、Eu210Po、Tb210Po、Dy210Po、Ho210Po、
Er210Po、Tm210Po、Yb210Po、Lu210Po、Pm210Po、Sc210Po、Gd3 210Po、Y3 210Po、La3 210Po、Ce3 210Po、
Pr3 210Po、Nd3 210Po、Sm3 210Po、Eu3 210Po、Tb3 210Po、Dy3 210Po、Ho3 210Po、Er3 210Po、Tm3 210Po、Yb3 210Po、
Lu3 210Po、228Th、228ThO2、235U、238Pu、238PuO2Microballoon,238PuO2- Mo ceramics,238PuO2Fuel sphere,238PuO2Ceramics
、238Pu-Zr alloys,238Pu-Ga alloys,238Pu-Pt alloys,238Pu-Sc alloys,238PuN、238PuC、241Am、242Cm、242Cm2O3、244Cm and244Cm2O3At least one of；Radiator beta-ray is selected from (C4H3 3H5-)n、Sc3H2、14C、35S、63Ni、90Sr、90Sr/90Y、90SrTiO3、90SrNO3、90SrNO3/ bicyclohexane simultaneously -18- crown ethers -6,106Ru、137Cs、137CsCl、144Ce、144CeO2、147Pm、147Pm2O3With151At least one of Sm.
It should be noted that when radioactive source is (C4H3 3H5-)nWhen, indicate tritiated poly- 1- ethylethylenes, wherein n represents poly-
Right, the selection of occurrence is there is no limit requirement, application field or specific ginseng that those skilled in the art can be according to battery
Number requires flexibly to select the degree of polymerization of above-mentioned radioactive source.
According to an embodiment of the present application, radioactive source can be radioactive isotope film, and in actual use, can be according to reality
The requirement of output voltage electric current when border is applied, adjusts activity size and physical size of radioactive isotope film etc..
According to an embodiment of the present application, as long as the energy that radioactive source is capable of radiation energy and radiation can be converted into electric energy
Output, specific installation position can flexibly be selected according to actual conditions.In embodiments herein, radioactive source can there are two types of
Set-up mode, a kind of mode are to be oppositely arranged radioactive source and the first charge-trapping plate, and the directly absorption of the first charge-trapping plate is put
The particle enrichment charge of source radiation is penetrated, the second charge-trapping plate is directly in contact with radioactive source, such as radioactive source is arranged described
On second surface of the charge-trapping plate far from the shell；Another way, which is that radioactive source is not opposite with the first charge-trapping plate, to be set
It sets, the first charge-trapping plate and the second charge-trapping plate are connected respectively with energy conservation component to be enriched with charge, such as by radioactive source
It is arranged in the lower section of the cantilever beam fixing end, and is respectively arranged with the second energy in the upper and lower surface of the radioactive source
Transition components and third energy conservation component, second energy conservation component are electrically connected with the first charge-trapping plate, institute
Third energy conservation component is stated to be electrically connected with the second charge-trapping plate.
According to an embodiment of the present application, when radioactive source is configured according to first way, which can be with
Including the first energy conservation component, first energy conservation component is arranged in the radioactive source far from first charge-trapping
The side of plate.The first energy conservation component can absorb the energy that radioactive source is radiated close to the side of shell as a result, and by its turn
It is changed to electric energy output, effectively improves the energy conversion efficiency of battery.And single transducing, energy can be overcome using a variety of transposition modes
Amount loses larger problem.
According to some embodiments of the present application, first energy conservation component includes the second thermoelectric conversion component, first
Radiate any one in volt components, the first radioluminescence component.It can overcome single change using a variety of transposition modes as a result,
The larger problem of energy, energy loss, and energy conversion efficiency is largely improved, meet low-carbon environment-friendly, integrated efficient, warp
It helps pervasive requirement.
According to an embodiment of the present application, when radioactive source is configured according to the second way, the second energy conversion group
Part and the third energy conservation component are respectively third thermoelectric conversion component, the second radiation volt components and the second radioluminescence
Any one in component.It can overcome the problems, such as that single transducing, energy loss are larger using a variety of transposition modes as a result, and
Energy conversion efficiency is largely improved, low-carbon environment-friendly, integrated efficient, economic pervasive requirement are met.
Thermoelectric conversion component (such as the first thermoelectric conversion component, the second thermoelectric conversion component and third described herein
Thermoelectric conversion component etc.) refer to the component that can convert heat to electric energy (such as temperature-difference thermoelectric conversion), form heat to electricity conversion group
The thermoelectric material of part is selected from Bi2Te3Sill, Sb2Se3Sill, Sb2Te3Sill, BiSb sills, Zn4Sb3Sill,
Mg3Sb2Sill and Sb2Se3At least one of sill.
Radiation volt components (the such as first radiation volt components, the second radiation volt components) described herein are can
The energy for radiating source radiation to be converted to the component of electric energy based on radiation volta effect, the material choosing of radiation volt components is formed
From Ge, Si, InP, GaAs, GaP, SiC, TiO2Nano-tube array (TNTAs), ZnO, GaN, ZnS, SiCN, SiCN/Si, Buddha's warrior attendant
At least one of stone and AlN.
Radioluminescence component (such as the first radioluminescence component, second radioluminescence component etc.) described herein
Including radioluminescence material and piezoelectricity transition components, the energy that radioluminescence material absorbs radiation source radiation shines, piezoelectricity conversion
Component converts light to electric energy output, and the radioluminescence material that may be used is selected from ZnS:Cu、ZnS:Ag、SrAl2O4:Eu2+、
SrAl2O4:Dy2+Or Y2O2S:Eu, the material for forming piezoelectricity transition components includes Si, GaAs, InP, GaInP, CuInGaSe2、
CuInSe2, CdS, CdTe, dye sensitization material, at least one of polymer material and quanta point material.
Piezoelectricity transition components described herein refer to the component that can be generated electricity by pressure, form piezoelectricity transition components
Material be selected from lead titanates (PT), lead zirconate titanate (PZT), lead magnesio-niobate (PMN), lead zinc niobate (PZN), tantalum scandium acid plumbum (PST),
At least one of barium titanate, bismuth-sodium titanate (BNT), Kynoar (PVDF) and perovskite piezoelectric material.Specifically, passing through
The reciprocating motion of cantilever beam squeezes piezoelectricity transition components and generates mechanical deformation realization electric energy output.
According to an embodiment of the present application, can cooling fin be set in the upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component, it is possible thereby to
Increase the temperature difference between cantilever beam and environment, improves energy conversion efficiency.In some embodiments of the present application, cooling fin can be with
It radiates for graphite heat radiation fin, copper radiating rib or aluminium alloy.Heat dissipation effect is preferable as a result,.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all thermoelectric conversion components, piezoelectricity transition components, spoke involved in the application
Volt components are penetrated, the leading-out terminal that radioluminescence component is both provided with output lead and is connected with output lead, so as to effective
Electric energy is exported, i.e. isotope battery further comprises that more output leads, more output leads include：First thermoelectric conversion component
Output lead, the first thermoelectric conversion component output lead are electrically connected with first thermoelectric conversion component；Second thermoelectricity turns
Component output lead is changed, the second thermoelectric conversion component output lead is electrically connected with second thermoelectric conversion component；Third
Thermoelectric conversion component output lead, the third thermoelectric conversion component output lead are electrically connected with the third thermoelectric conversion component
It connects；First piezoelectricity transition components output lead, the first piezoelectricity transition components output lead and the first piezoelectricity conversion group
Part is electrically connected；First radiation volt components output lead, the first radiation volt components output lead are radiated with described first
Volt components are electrically connected；Second radiation volt components output lead, the second radiation volt components output lead and described the
Two radiation volt components electrical connections；First radioluminescence component output lead, the first radioluminescence component output lead with it is described
First radioluminescence component is electrically connected；Second radioluminescence component output lead, the second radioluminescence component output lead and institute
State the electrical connection of the second radioluminescence component, wherein more output leads can be the high fire-resistant wire of nickel-clad copper core, output end
Son can be joint end, and leading-out terminal material can be Al or Cu.
With reference to the accompanying drawings, the isotope battery of the application is described in detail.
In one embodiment of the application, as Figure 1-Figure 5：Isotope battery generally column structure, shell 15
The first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber washer 17 are inlayed in both ends respectively, and 11 free end of cantilever beam, which is stretched into shell 15, vacantly to be set
It sets, 11 fixing end of cantilever beam is fixed by the first rubber washer 12, and dielectric substrate 31 is arranged in 11 fixing end upper surface of cantilever beam,
The setting of first piezoelectricity output electrode 32 is arranged in 31 upper surface of dielectric substrate, piezoelectricity transition components 33 in the first piezoelectricity output electrode
31 upper surfaces, the second piezoelectricity output electrode 34 are arranged in 33 upper surface of piezoelectricity transition components, piezoelectricity transition components leading-out terminal 36
It is electrically connected by piezoelectricity transition components output lead 35 and piezoelectricity transition components 33, and then the electric energy of pressure conversion is exported.Institute
It states 11 free end upper and lower surface of cantilever beam and is respectively fitted with the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and the first charge-trapping plate 25,
First thermoelectric conversion component, 42 upper surface is provided with cooling fin 41, the first thermoelectric conversion component electricity leading-out terminal 44
The first thermoelectric conversion component 42 is accessed by the first thermoelectric conversion component output lead 43, and then is realized the first heat to electricity conversion group
The electric energy output that temperature difference heat between external environment residing for part 42 and cooling fin 41 is converted into.The setting of second charge-trapping plate 23 exists
On the shell 15, and it is oppositely arranged with the first charge-trapping plate 25, and be enriched on the second charge-trapping plate 23
Charge is opposite with the charge polarity being enriched on the first charge-trapping plate 25 (for example, being enriched with just on the second charge-trapping plate 23
Charge 22 is enriched with negative electrical charge 24 on first charge-trapping plate 25), when cantilever beam free end lower surface the first charge-trapping plate 25 is same
Second charge-trapping plate 23 discharges Coulomb attraction when contacting, and electricity output is realized with this reciprocation cycle.Second charge-trapping
23 upper surface of plate deposition has radioactive isotope film 21 (radioactive source).The setting of support frame as described above 13 is fixed in the cantilever beam 11
Between the lower surface at end and the shell 15, supporting pad 14 is set to 15 inner surface of shell, can specifically be close in shell 15
Wall is arranged between the first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber washer 17, is equipped on second rubber washer 17 empty with sealing
Between the valve 19 that is connected and gas nozzle 18 (for example can be arranged in the second rubber washer middle position), for making inside shell 15
Form vacuum cavity 16.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, the isotope battery of the application realizes that the process of electricity output can be described as：Certainly using cantilever beam 11
The particle released when by holding lower surface the first charge-trapping plate 25 to decay radioactive source 21 is collected, the first charge-trapping plate
25 and second charge-trapping plate 23 be enriched with charge electricity polarity on the contrary, attractive coulombic force act on 11 free end following table of Analysis of A Cantilever Beam Under
Face the first charge-trapping plate 25, which drags the bending of cantilever beam 11, to be made piezoelectricity transition components 33 generate mechanical deformation and is converted by piezoelectricity
Component 33 realizes piezoelectricity conversion, when cantilever beam free end lower surface the first charge-trapping plate 25 is contacted with the second charge-trapping plate 23
When discharge Coulomb attraction, with this reciprocation cycle realize electricity output；Use the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 by cantilever beam 11 simultaneously
The temperature difference between external environment residing for cooling fin 41 is converted into electric energy, realizes electricity output.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is the left view of isotope battery structure in Fig. 1, and 12 place end face of the first rubber washer is embedded in shell
Body 15, dielectric substrate 31, the first piezoelectricity output electrode 32, piezoelectricity transition components 33 and the second piezoelectricity output electrode 34 are fixed on outstanding
11 upper surface of arm beam and clamped by the first rubber washer 12, wherein Fig. 3 is the left view of single cantilever beam isotope battery, Fig. 4
It is the left view of double cantilever beam isotope battery.
Fig. 5 is the right view of isotope battery structure in Fig. 1, and the gas nozzle 18 of isotope battery passes through the second rubber washer 17
It grips.
In another embodiment of the application, as shown in Figure 6：Isotope battery generally column structure, 15 liang of shell
The first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber washer 17 are inlayed in end respectively, and 11 free end of cantilever beam, which is stretched into shell 15, to be vacantly arranged,
11 fixing end of cantilever beam is fixed by the first rubber washer 12 or shell 15, and dielectric substrate 31 is arranged in 11 fixing end of cantilever beam
Surface, for the setting of the first piezoelectricity output electrode 32 in 31 upper surface of dielectric substrate, the setting of piezoelectricity transition components 33 is defeated in the first piezoelectricity
Go out 31 upper surface of electrode, the setting of the second piezoelectricity output electrode 34 is in 33 upper surface of piezoelectricity transition components, the output of piezoelectricity transition components
Terminal 36 is electrically connected by piezoelectricity transition components output lead 35 and piezoelectricity transition components 33, and then the electric energy of pressure conversion is defeated
Go out.11 free end upper and lower surface of the cantilever beam is respectively fitted with the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and the first charge-trapping
Plate 25,42 upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component are provided with cooling fin 41, the first thermoelectric conversion component electricity output
Terminal 44 accesses the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 by the first thermoelectric conversion component output lead 43, and then realizes the first thermoelectricity
The electric energy output that temperature difference heat between external environment residing for transition components 42 and cooling fin 41 is converted into.Second charge-trapping plate 23
Setting is oppositely arranged on the shell 15, and with the first charge-trapping plate 25, and on the second charge-trapping plate 23
The charge of enrichment is opposite with the charge polarity being enriched on the first charge-trapping plate 25 (for example, on the second charge-trapping plate 23
It is enriched with positive charge 22, negative electrical charge 24 is enriched on the first charge-trapping plate 25), when the first charge-trapping of cantilever beam free end lower surface
Plate 25 discharges Coulomb attraction when being contacted with the second charge-trapping plate 23, and electricity output is realized with this reciprocation cycle.Second electricity
23 upper surface of lotus collecting board is provided with the second thermoelectric conversion component 42a as the first energy conservation component, turns in the second thermoelectricity
Changing the upper surfaces component 42a deposition has radioactive isotope film 21 (radioactive source), that is to say, that the second thermoelectric conversion component 42a
Be arranged in side of the radioactive source 21 far from the first charge-trapping plate 25, and by the second thermoelectric conversion component output lead 43a with
Second thermoelectric conversion component leading-out terminal 44a electrical connections, are leaned in this way, the second thermoelectric conversion component 42a can absorb radioactive source 21
The heat of the side radiation of nearly shell 15, and it is converted into electric energy output, the energy conversion efficiency of battery is effectively improved, is overcome
The larger problem of single transducing, energy loss.In addition, support frame as described above 13 is arranged in the lower surface of 11 fixing end of the cantilever beam
Between the shell 15, supporting pad 14 is set to 15 inner surface of shell, specifically, can be close to the setting of 15 inner wall of shell the
Between one rubber washer 12 and the second rubber washer 17, it is equipped on second rubber washer 17 and is connected with sealing space 16
Valve 19 and gas nozzle 18 (for example can be arranged in 17 middle position of the second rubber washer), it is true for making the inside of shell 15 be formed
Cavity body 16.
In another embodiment of the application, as shown in Figure 7：Isotope battery generally column structure, 15 liang of shell
The first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber washer 17 are inlayed in end respectively, and 11 free end of cantilever beam, which is stretched into shell 15, to be vacantly arranged,
11 fixing end of cantilever beam is fixed by the first rubber washer 12 or shell 15, and dielectric substrate 31 is arranged in 11 fixing end of cantilever beam
Surface, for the setting of the first piezoelectricity output electrode 32 in 31 upper surface of dielectric substrate, the setting of piezoelectricity transition components 33 is defeated in the first piezoelectricity
Go out 31 upper surface of electrode, the setting of the second piezoelectricity output electrode 34 is in 33 upper surface of piezoelectricity transition components, the output of piezoelectricity transition components
Terminal 36 is electrically connected by piezoelectricity transition components output lead 35 and piezoelectricity transition components 33, and then the electric energy of pressure conversion is defeated
Go out.11 free end upper and lower surface of the cantilever beam is respectively fitted with the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and the first charge-trapping
Plate 25,42 upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component are provided with cooling fin 41, the first thermoelectric conversion component electricity output
Terminal 44 accesses the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 by the first thermoelectric conversion component output lead 43, and then realizes the first thermoelectricity
The electric energy output that temperature difference heat between external environment residing for transition components 42 and cooling fin 41 is converted into.At this point, radioactive source 21 is also
It is used as the second charge-trapping plate simultaneously, is arranged on the first radiation volt components 42b as the first energy conservation component (i.e. the
One energy conservation component is arranged in side of the radioactive source far from the first charge-trapping plate), and with first charge-trapping
Plate 25 is oppositely arranged, and the charge being enriched on the radioactive source 21 and the charge polarity being enriched on the first charge-trapping plate 25
(for example, being enriched with positive charge 22 on radioactive source 21, negative electrical charge 24 is enriched on the first charge-trapping plate 25) on the contrary, when cantilever beam freedom
End lower surface the first charge-trapping plate 25 discharges Coulomb attraction when being contacted with radioactive source 21, realizes that electricity is defeated with this reciprocation cycle
Go out.Wherein, the first radiation volt components 42b passes through the first radiation volt components output lead 43b and the first radiation volt components
Leading-out terminal 44b electrical connections, in this way, the first radiation volt components 42b can absorb side spoke of the radioactive source 21 close to shell 15
The particle penetrated, and it is converted into electric energy output, the energy conversion efficiency of battery is effectively improved, single transducing, energy damage are overcome
Lose larger problem.In addition, support frame as described above 13 be arranged the lower surface of 11 fixing end of the cantilever beam and the shell 15 it
Between, supporting pad 14 is set to 15 inner surface of shell, is arranged in 12 He of the first rubber washer specifically, can be close to 15 inner wall of shell
Between second rubber washer 17, the valve 19 and gas nozzle being connected with sealing space 16 are equipped on second rubber washer 17
18 (for example can be arranged in 17 middle position of the second rubber washer), for making 15 inside of shell form vacuum cavity 16.
In another embodiment of the application, as shown in Figure 8：Isotope battery generally column structure, 15 liang of shell
The first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber washer 17 are inlayed in end respectively, and 11 free end of cantilever beam, which is stretched into shell 15, to be vacantly arranged,
11 fixing end of cantilever beam is fixed by the first rubber washer 12 or shell 15, and dielectric substrate 31 is arranged in 11 fixing end of cantilever beam
Surface, for the setting of the first piezoelectricity output electrode 32 in 31 upper surface of dielectric substrate, the setting of piezoelectricity transition components 33 is defeated in the first piezoelectricity
Go out 31 upper surface of electrode, the setting of the second piezoelectricity output electrode 34 is in 33 upper surface of piezoelectricity transition components, the output of piezoelectricity transition components
Terminal 36 is electrically connected by piezoelectricity transition components output lead 35 and piezoelectricity transition components 33, and then the electric energy of pressure conversion is defeated
Go out.11 free end upper and lower surface of the cantilever beam is respectively fitted with the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and the first charge-trapping
Plate 25,42 upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component are provided with cooling fin 41, the first thermoelectric conversion component electricity output
Terminal 44 accesses the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 by the first thermoelectric conversion component output lead 43, and then realizes the first thermoelectricity
The electric energy output that temperature difference heat between external environment residing for transition components 42 and cooling fin 41 is converted into.At this point, radioactive source 21 is also
It is used as the second charge-trapping plate simultaneously, is arranged on the first radioluminescence component 42c as the first energy conservation component (i.e. the
One energy conservation component is arranged in side of the radioactive source far from the first charge-trapping plate), and with first charge-trapping
Plate 25 is oppositely arranged, and the charge being enriched on the radioactive source 21 and the charge polarity being enriched on the first charge-trapping plate 25
(for example, being enriched with positive charge 22 on radioactive source 21, negative electrical charge 24 is enriched on the first charge-trapping plate 25) on the contrary, when cantilever beam freedom
End lower surface the first charge-trapping plate 25 discharges Coulomb attraction when being contacted with radioactive source 21, realizes that electricity is defeated with this reciprocation cycle
Go out.Wherein, the first radioluminescence component 42c passes through the first radioluminescence component output lead 43c and the first radioluminescence component
Leading-out terminal 44c electrical connections, in this way, the first radioluminescence component 42c can absorb side spoke of the radioactive source 21 close to shell 15
The particle penetrated, and it is converted into electric energy output, the energy conversion efficiency of battery is effectively improved, single transducing, energy damage are overcome
Lose larger problem.In addition, support frame as described above 13 be arranged the lower surface of 11 fixing end of the cantilever beam and the shell 15 it
Between；Supporting pad 14 is set to 15 inner surface of shell, is arranged in 12 He of the first rubber washer specifically, can be close to 15 inner wall of shell
Between second rubber washer 17；The valve 19 and gas nozzle being connected with sealing space 16 are equipped on second rubber washer 17
18 (for example can be arranged in 17 middle position of the second rubber washer), for making 15 inside of shell form vacuum cavity 16.
In another embodiment of the application, as shown in Figure 9：Isotope battery generally column structure, 15 liang of shell
The first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber washer 17 are inlayed in end respectively, and 11 free end of cantilever beam, which is stretched into shell 15, to be vacantly arranged,
11 fixing end of cantilever beam is fixed by the first rubber washer 12 or shell 15, and dielectric substrate 31 is arranged in 11 fixing end of cantilever beam
Surface, for the setting of the first piezoelectricity output electrode 32 in 31 upper surface of dielectric substrate, the setting of piezoelectricity transition components 33 is defeated in the first piezoelectricity
Go out 31 upper surface of electrode, the setting of the second piezoelectricity output electrode 34 is in 33 upper surface of piezoelectricity transition components, the output of piezoelectricity transition components
Terminal 36 is electrically connected by piezoelectricity transition components output lead 35 and piezoelectricity transition components 33, and then the electric energy of pressure conversion is defeated
Go out.11 free end upper and lower surface of the cantilever beam is respectively fitted with the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and the first charge-trapping
Plate 25,42 upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component are provided with cooling fin 41, the first thermoelectric conversion component electricity output
Terminal 44 accesses the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 by the first thermoelectric conversion component output lead 43, and then realizes the first thermoelectricity
The electric energy output that temperature difference heat between external environment residing for transition components 42 and cooling fin 41 is converted into.At this point, the radioactive source
21 are arranged in the lower section of 11 fixing end of the cantilever beam, and is respectively arranged in the upper and lower surface of the radioactive source 21
Two energy conservation components and third energy conservation component, second energy conservation component are electrically connected with the first charge-trapping plate
It connects, the third energy conservation component is electrically connected with the second charge-trapping plate, wherein the second energy conservation component and third
Energy conservation component is third thermoelectric conversion component 42d, and third thermoelectric conversion component 42d is defeated by third thermoelectric conversion component
Go out conducting wire 43d to be electrically connected with third thermoelectric conversion component leading-out terminal 44d, in this way, third thermoelectric conversion component 42d can absorb
The heat discharged when Radioactive Source Decay, and it is converted into electric energy output, the energy conversion efficiency of battery is effectively improved, list is overcome
The larger problem of one transducing, energy loss.The second charge-trapping plate 23 is arranged on the shell 15, and with described first
Charge-trapping plate 25 is oppositely arranged, and on the charge and the first charge-trapping plate 25 being enriched in second charge enrichment 23
The charge polarity of enrichment is opposite, and (for example, being enriched with positive charge 22 in the second charge enrichment 23, enrichment is negative on the first charge-trapping plate 25
Charge 24), discharge library when 11 free end lower surface the first charge-trapping plate 25 of cantilever beam is contacted with the second charge-trapping plate 23
Logical sequence gravitation realizes electricity output with this reciprocation cycle.In addition, support frame as described above 13 is arranged under 11 fixing end of the cantilever beam
Between surface and the shell 15, and positioned at the both sides of radioactive source 21 and third thermoelectric conversion component 42d；Supporting pad 14 is set to
15 inner surface of shell is arranged specifically, supporting pad 14 can be close to 15 inner wall of shell in the first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber
Between washer 17；Be equipped on second rubber washer 17 valve 19 being connected with sealing space 16 and gas nozzle 18 (such as
Can be arranged in 17 middle position of the second rubber washer), for making 15 inside of shell form vacuum cavity 16.
In another embodiment of the application, as shown in Figure 10：Isotope battery generally column structure, 15 liang of shell
The first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber washer 17 are inlayed in end respectively, and 11 free end of cantilever beam, which is stretched into shell 15, to be vacantly arranged,
11 fixing end of cantilever beam is fixed by the first rubber washer 12 or shell 15, and dielectric substrate 31 is arranged in 11 fixing end of cantilever beam
Surface, for the setting of the first piezoelectricity output electrode 32 in 31 upper surface of dielectric substrate, the setting of piezoelectricity transition components 33 is defeated in the first piezoelectricity
Go out 31 upper surface of electrode, the setting of the second piezoelectricity output electrode 34 is in 33 upper surface of piezoelectricity transition components, the output of piezoelectricity transition components
Terminal 36 is electrically connected by piezoelectricity transition components output lead 35 and piezoelectricity transition components 33, and then the electric energy of pressure conversion is defeated
Go out.11 free end upper and lower surface of the cantilever beam is respectively fitted with the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and the first charge-trapping
Plate 25,42 upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component are provided with cooling fin 41, the first thermoelectric conversion component electricity output
Terminal 44 accesses the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 by the first thermoelectric conversion component output lead 43, and then realizes the first thermoelectricity
The electric energy output that temperature difference heat between external environment residing for transition components 42 and cooling fin 41 is converted into.At this point, the radioactive source
21 are arranged in the lower section of 11 fixing end of the cantilever beam, and is respectively arranged in the upper and lower surface of the radioactive source 21
Two energy conservation components and third energy conservation component, second energy conservation component are electrically connected with the first charge-trapping plate
It connects, the third energy conservation component is electrically connected with the second charge-trapping plate, wherein the second energy conservation component and third
Energy conservation component is the second radiation volt components 42e, the second radiation volt components 42e defeated by the second radiation volt components
Go out conducting wire 43e to be electrically connected with the second radiation volt components leading-out terminal 44e, in this way, the second radiation volt components 42e can absorb
The particle discharged when Radioactive Source Decay, and it is converted into electric energy output, the energy conversion efficiency of battery is effectively improved, list is overcome
The larger problem of one transducing, energy loss.The second charge-trapping plate 23 is arranged on the shell 15, and with described first
Charge-trapping plate 25 is oppositely arranged, and on the charge and the first charge-trapping plate 25 being enriched in second charge enrichment 23
The charge polarity of enrichment is opposite, and (for example, being enriched with positive charge 22 in the second charge enrichment 23, enrichment is negative on the first charge-trapping plate 25
Charge 24), discharge library when 11 free end lower surface the first charge-trapping plate 25 of cantilever beam is contacted with the second charge-trapping plate 23
Logical sequence gravitation realizes electricity output with this reciprocation cycle.In addition, support frame as described above 13 is arranged under 11 fixing end of the cantilever beam
Between surface and the shell 15, and positioned at the both sides of the radiation volt components of radioactive source 21 and second 42e；Supporting pad 14 is set to
15 inner surface of shell is arranged specifically, supporting pad 14 can be close to 15 inner wall of shell in the first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber
Between washer 17；Be equipped on second rubber washer 17 valve 19 being connected with sealing space 16 and gas nozzle 18 (such as
Can be arranged in 17 middle position of the second rubber washer), for making 15 inside of shell form vacuum cavity 16.
In another embodiment of the application, as shown in figure 11：Isotope battery generally column structure, 15 liang of shell
The first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber washer 17 are inlayed in end respectively, and 11 free end of cantilever beam, which is stretched into shell 15, to be vacantly arranged,
11 fixing end of cantilever beam is fixed by the first rubber washer 12 or shell 15, and dielectric substrate 31 is arranged in 11 fixing end of cantilever beam
Surface, for the setting of the first piezoelectricity output electrode 32 in 31 upper surface of dielectric substrate, the setting of piezoelectricity transition components 33 is defeated in the first piezoelectricity
Go out 31 upper surface of electrode, the setting of the second piezoelectricity output electrode 34 is in 33 upper surface of piezoelectricity transition components, the output of piezoelectricity transition components
Terminal 36 is electrically connected by piezoelectricity transition components output lead 35 and piezoelectricity transition components 33, and then the electric energy of pressure conversion is defeated
Go out.11 free end upper and lower surface of the cantilever beam is respectively fitted with the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and the first charge-trapping
Plate 25,42 upper surface of the first thermoelectric conversion component are provided with cooling fin 41, the first thermoelectric conversion component electricity output
Terminal 44 accesses the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 by the first thermoelectric conversion component output lead 43, and then realizes the first thermoelectricity
The electric energy output that temperature difference heat between external environment residing for transition components 42 and cooling fin 41 is converted into.At this point, the radioactive source
21 are arranged in the lower section of 11 fixing end of the cantilever beam, and is respectively arranged in the upper and lower surface of the radioactive source 21
Two energy conservation components and third energy conservation component, second energy conservation component are electrically connected with the first charge-trapping plate
It connects, the third energy conservation component is electrically connected with the second charge-trapping plate, wherein the second energy conservation component and third
Energy conservation component is the second radioluminescence component 42f, the second radioluminescence component 42f defeated by the second radioluminescence component
Go out conducting wire 43f to be electrically connected with the second radioluminescence component leading-out terminal 44f, in this way, the second radioluminescence component 42f can absorb
The particle discharged when Radioactive Source Decay, and it is converted into electric energy output, the energy conversion efficiency of battery is effectively improved, list is overcome
The larger problem of one transducing, energy loss.The second charge-trapping plate 23 is arranged on the shell 15, and with described first
Charge-trapping plate 25 is oppositely arranged, and on the charge and the first charge-trapping plate 25 being enriched in second charge enrichment 23
The charge polarity of enrichment is opposite, and (for example, being enriched with positive charge 22 in the second charge enrichment 23, enrichment is negative on the first charge-trapping plate 25
Charge 24), discharge library when 11 free end lower surface the first charge-trapping plate 25 of cantilever beam is contacted with the second charge-trapping plate 23
Logical sequence gravitation realizes electricity output with this reciprocation cycle.In addition, support frame as described above 13 is arranged under 11 fixing end of the cantilever beam
Between surface and the shell 15, and positioned at the both sides of radioactive source 21 and the second radioluminescence component 42f；Supporting pad 14 is set to
15 inner surface of shell is arranged specifically, supporting pad 14 can be close to 15 inner wall of shell in the first rubber washer 12 and the second rubber
Between washer 17；Be equipped on second rubber washer 17 valve 19 being connected with sealing space 16 and gas nozzle 18 (such as
Can be arranged in 17 middle position of the second rubber washer), for making 15 inside of shell form vacuum cavity 16.
According to an embodiment of the present application, 2 and Figure 13 referring to Fig.1, in same isotope battery, the quantity of energy transducer 10
It is multiple.Wherein, piezoelectric unit 30 includes the first piezoelectricity output electrode 32, piezoelectricity transition components 33 and the second piezoelectricity output electrode
34, the first thermoelectric unit 40 includes the first thermoelectric conversion component 42 and cooling fin 41, each output lead and output end therein
The isostructural details of son is not drawn into.Thus, it is possible to meet the requirement exported to different electricity to different isotope batteries.
According to an embodiment of the present application, 2 and Figure 13 referring to Fig.1, the energy transducer 10 in integrated transducer part 20 divide in column
Cloth, adjacent two row energy transducer constitute energy transducer group, i.e. module makeup is presented along 21 length direction of radioactive source in energy transducer 10
Match and formed energy transducer group, the free end of energy transducer 10 is arranged close in adjacent transducer part group, each energy transducer group
In the free ends of two row energy transducers be arranged close to.Technological process is simple as a result, and integrated level is high.
According to an embodiment of the present application, real by way of at least one of series connection and parallel connection between multiple energy transducers
Existing power management.Those skilled in the art can meet various differences according to the circuit of actual demand flexible design battery as a result,
The use demand of battery.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, it is not understood to indicate or imply relative importance
Or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define " first " as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or
Implicitly include one or more this feature.In the description of the present application, the meaning of " plurality " is two or more,
Unless otherwise specifically defined.
In this application unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integral；Can be that machinery connects
It connects, can also be electrical connection；It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediary in two elements
The interaction relationship of the connection in portion or two elements.It for the ordinary skill in the art, can be according to specific feelings
Condition understands the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in this application.
In this application unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, fisrt feature can be with "above" or "below" second feature
It is that the first and second features are in direct contact or the first and second features pass through intermediary mediate contact.Moreover, fisrt feature exists
Second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature be directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or be merely representative of
Fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " lower section " and " below " can be
One feature is directly under or diagonally below the second feature, or is merely representative of fisrt feature level height and is less than second feature.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is contained at least one embodiment or example of the application.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in office
It can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or example.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this field
Art personnel can tie the feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples
It closes and combines.
Although embodiments herein has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it should not be understood as the limitation to the application, those skilled in the art within the scope of application can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, changes, replacing and modification.
Claims (20)
1. a kind of piezoelectricity thermoelectricity static type isotope battery, which is characterized in that including shell and disposed in the housing change
Energy device, the energy transducer include：
Cantilever beam, one end on the cantilever beam length direction is fixed forms fixing end, the length of cantilever on the housing
The other end on degree direction stretches in the shell and is vacantly arranged to form free end；
The lower surface in the cantilever beam free end is arranged in first charge-trapping plate, the first charge-trapping plate；
Second charge-trapping plate, the second charge-trapping plate setting on the housing, and with the first charge-trapping plate
The charge for being oppositely arranged, and being enriched on the second charge-trapping plate and the charge polarity being enriched on the first charge-trapping plate
On the contrary；
Radioactive source, the radioactive source are disposed in the housing；
Dielectric substrate, the dielectric substrate are arranged in the fixing end upper surface of the cantilever beam；
First piezoelectricity output electrode, the first piezoelectricity output electrode are arranged in the dielectric substrate upper surface；
Piezoelectricity transition components, the piezoelectricity transition components are arranged in the first piezoelectricity output electrode upper surface；
Second piezoelectricity output electrode, the second piezoelectricity output electrode are arranged in piezoelectricity transition components upper surface；
The upper surface in the cantilever beam free end is arranged in first thermoelectric conversion component, first thermoelectric conversion component；
Cooling fin, the cooling fin are arranged in the upper surface of first thermoelectric conversion component.
2. isotope battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the radioactive source setting is received in second charge
Collect on surface of the plate far from the shell.
3. isotope battery according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include the first energy conservation component, described
One energy conservation component is arranged in side of the radioactive source far from the first charge-trapping plate.
4. isotope battery according to claim 3, which is characterized in that first energy conservation component includes the second heat
Electric transition components, the first radiation volt components, any one in the first radioluminescence component.
5. isotope battery according to claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that the radioactive source is arranged in first energy
It measures on transition components, is oppositely arranged with the first charge-trapping plate, and be multiplexed with the second charge-trapping plate.
6. isotope battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the radioactive source setting is fixed in the cantilever beam
The lower section at end, and the second energy conservation component and third energy turn are respectively arranged in the upper and lower surface of the radioactive source
Change component, second energy conservation component is electrically connected with the first charge-trapping plate, the third energy conservation component with
The second charge-trapping plate electrical connection.
7. isotope battery according to claim 6, which is characterized in that second energy conservation component and the third
Energy conservation component is respectively arbitrary in third thermoelectric conversion component, the second radiation volt components and the second radioluminescence component
It is a kind of.
8. isotope battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the shell includes：
Cylindrical housings ontology and the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring at cylindrical housings ontology both ends are set, so that
It obtains the enclosure interior and forms sealing space, the cantilever beam fixing end is embedded in first sealing ring, second sealing
The gas nozzle for being provided with the valve being connected with the sealing space on circle and being connected with the valve.
9. isotope battery according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the enclosure body inner surface is provided with support
Pad.
10. isotope battery according to claim 8 or claim 9, which is characterized in that the enclosure body inner surface, which is provided with, to be received
Rice lead organic glass composite coating.
11. isotope battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include supporting rack, support frame as described above setting exists
Between the lower surface and the shell of the cantilever beam fixing end.
12. isotope battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the radioactive source includes αsource and β radiation
At least one of source.
13. isotope battery according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the αsource is selected from210Po、Gd210Po、
Y210Po、La210Po、Ce210Po、Pr210Po、Nd210Po、Sm210Po、Eu210Po、Tb210Po、Dy210Po、Ho210Po、Er210Po、
Tm210Po、Yb210Po、Lu210Po、Pm210Po、Sc210Po、Gd3 210Po、Y3 210Po、La3 210Po、Ce3 210Po、Pr3 210Po、
Nd3 210Po、Sm3 210Po、Eu3 210Po、Tb3 210Po、Dy3 210Po、Ho3 210Po、Er3 210Po、Tm3 210Po、Yb3 210Po、Lu3 210Po
、228Th、228ThO2、235U、238Pu、238PuO2Microballoon,238PuO2- Mo ceramics,238PuO2Fuel sphere,238PuO2Ceramics,238Pu-Zr
Alloy,238Pu-Ga alloys,238Pu-Pt alloys,238Pu-Sc alloys,238PuN、238PuC、241Am、242Cm、242Cm2O3、244Cm
With244Cm2O3At least one of；The radiator beta-ray is selected from (C4H3 3H5-)n、Sc3H2、14C、35S、63Ni、90Sr、90Sr/90Y、90SrTiO3、90SrNO3、90SrNO3/ bicyclohexane simultaneously -18- crown ethers -6,106Ru、137Cs、137CsCl、144Ce、144CeO2、147Pm
、147Pm2O3With151At least one of Sm.
14. isotope battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that form the material choosing of the piezoelectricity transition components
From lead titanates, lead zirconate titanate, lead magnesio-niobate, lead zinc niobate, tantalum scandium acid plumbum, barium titanate, bismuth-sodium titanate, Kynoar and calcium titanium
At least one of mine piezoelectric material.
15. according to the isotope battery described in claim 1,4 or 7, which is characterized in that form the material of the thermoelectric conversion component
Material is selected from Bi2Te3Sill, Sb2Se3Sill, Sb2Te3Sill, BiSb sills, Zn4Sb3Sill, Mg3Sb2Base material
Material and Sb2Se3At least one of sill.
16. the isotope battery according to claim 4 or 7, which is characterized in that form the material of the radiation volt components
Selected from Ge, Si, InP, GaAs, GaP, SiC, TiO2Nano-tube array, ZnO, GaN, ZnS, SiCN, SiCN/Si, diamond and
At least one of AlN；It forms the radioluminescence assembly material and is selected from ZnS:Cu、ZnS:Ag、SrAl2O4:Eu2+、SrAl2O4:
Dy2+And Y2O2S:At least one of Eu.
17. according to the isotope battery described in claim 1,4 or 7, which is characterized in that further comprise：
More output leads, the more output leads respectively with the thermoelectric conversion component, the piezoelectricity transition components, described
Radiate volt components and radioluminescence component electrical connection, wherein the more output leads are selected from the high fire resisting of nickel plating copper core
Insulated conductor.
18. isotope battery according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the quantity of the energy transducer is multiple.
19. isotope battery according to claim 18, which is characterized in that the energy transducer is at column distribution, and adjacent two
It arranges the energy transducer and constitutes energy transducer group, the free end of two row energy transducers in each energy transducer group is close to be set
It sets.
20. the isotope battery according to claim 18 or 19, which is characterized in that pass through between multiple energy transducers
The mode of series connection and at least one of parallel connection realizes power management.
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Effective date of registration: 20221021 Address after: 518000 c501-510, building 13, China Hisense innovation industry city, No. 12, Ganli 6th Road, Ganli Industrial Park, Jihua street, Longgang District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: Shenzhen thermoelectricity New Energy Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 1088, Xili Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province Patentee before: Southern University of Science and Technology |