CN108627786B - Electric field measuring instrument calibrating device - Google Patents
Electric field measuring instrument calibrating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108627786B CN108627786B CN201710173279.7A CN201710173279A CN108627786B CN 108627786 B CN108627786 B CN 108627786B CN 201710173279 A CN201710173279 A CN 201710173279A CN 108627786 B CN108627786 B CN 108627786B
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- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000004164 analytical calibration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/005—Calibrating; Standards or reference devices, e.g. voltage or resistance standards, "golden" references
- G01R35/007—Standards or reference devices, e.g. voltage or resistance standards, "golden references"
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Abstract
The invention discloses a standard electric field generating device under different voltage waveforms, which comprises: the high-voltage electrode, the grounding electrode, the equalizing ring and the equalizing resistor; the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode are respectively used for connecting two poles of an impulse voltage generator, and a distance is reserved between the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode; a plurality of equalizing rings are arranged between the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode, and equalizing resistors are arranged between the adjacent equalizing rings. According to the standard electric field generating device under different voltage waveforms, the equalizing resistors are connected among the equalizing rings, so that the voltage on each equalizing ring is uniformly reduced, and a uniform electric field of impulse voltage can be generated; the invention also discloses a calibration device of the electric field measuring instrument, which is used for calibrating the electric field measuring instrument.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of field intensity meter calibration, and particularly relates to a standard electric field generating device under different voltage waveforms and an electric field measuring instrument calibration device.
Background
The national standards stipulate that the electric field meter calibration should be performed in a sufficiently large uniform electric field in which gas medium the measurement is corrected. At present, an electric field measuring instrument in the market is mainly used for measuring power frequency voltage, and calibration factors of the electric field measuring instrument are calibrated by a power frequency electric field generally. At present, a standard electric field generating device of impulse voltage is not available, so that an electric field measuring instrument for measuring the impulse voltage cannot be calibrated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a standard electric field generating device under different voltage waveforms, which can generate a standard electric field of impulse voltage, and also provides an electric field measuring instrument calibrating device for calibrating the electric field measuring instrument.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a standard electric field generating apparatus under different voltage waveforms, comprising: the high-voltage electrode, the grounding electrode, the equalizing ring and the equalizing resistor; the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode are respectively used for connecting two poles of an impulse voltage generator, and a distance is reserved between the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode; a plurality of equalizing rings are arranged between the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode, and equalizing resistors are arranged between the adjacent equalizing rings.
Furthermore, the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode are circular metal plates with the radius of 1.6-2.0 m, the distance between the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode is 0.8-1.2 m, and the ground height of the grounding electrode is 1-2 m.
Further, the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode are circular metal plates with the radius of 1.8m, the gap between the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode is 1m, and the ground clearance of the grounding electrode is 1.5 m.
Furthermore, 10-15 equalizing rings are arranged between the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode.
Further, 12 equalizing rings are arranged between the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode.
Further, the pipe diameter of equalizer ring is 40~60 mm.
Further, the pipe diameter of equalizer ring is 50 mm.
Further, the voltage equalizing resistor is a high-voltage pulse non-inductive resistor.
The invention also provides a calibration device for the electric field measuring instrument, which comprises:
the impulse voltage generating device is used for providing impulse voltage;
the standard electric field generating device under different voltage waveforms is used for converting the impulse voltage into a standard electric field;
a voltage divider connected in parallel with the standard electric field generating device;
and the voltage measuring unit is connected with the low-voltage end of the voltage divider and used for measuring the impulse voltage.
Has the advantages that:
according to the standard electric field generating device under different voltage waveforms, the equalizing resistors are connected among the equalizing rings, so that the voltage on each equalizing ring is uniformly reduced, and a standard electric field of impulse voltage can be generated; the electric field measuring instrument calibration device provided by the invention uses the standard electric field generating device, and can effectively calibrate the electric field measuring instrument.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a reference electric field generator according to the present invention with different voltage waveforms;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the plexiglass draw-down cassette of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a calibration device for an impulse voltage/electric field measurement instrument according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a calibration device for a power frequency voltage electric field measuring instrument according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1 high-voltage bushing, 2 high-voltage electrode, 3 equalizer rings, 4 organic glass stretching boxes, 5 equalizer resistors, 6 grounding electrodes, 7 supporting insulating cylinders, 8 toughened glass shells, 9 grounding copper foils, 10 fixed supporting pieces, 10 impulse voltage generators, 11 standard electric field generating devices, 12 impulse resistor voltage dividers, 13 digital oscilloscopes, 14 power frequency voltage generators, 15 power frequency capacitive voltage dividers, 16 digital multimeters, 41 fixed sections, 42 moving sections, 43 blocking pieces and 81 openings.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a standard electric field generating apparatus under different voltage waveforms, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: the high-voltage transformer comprises a high-voltage bushing 1, a high-voltage electrode 2, a grounding electrode 6, a grading ring 3, a grading resistor 5, a toughened glass shell 8, a supporting insulating cylinder 7, a grounding copper foil 9 and a fixed supporting piece 10;
as shown in fig. 1, the tempered glass casing 8 is rectangular, and is fixed to the ground and isolated from the ground by a fixing support 10, so that the internal state of the device can be observed conveniently. A high-voltage electrode 2 and a grounding electrode 6 are arranged in the high-voltage electrode, and the high-voltage electrode 2 and the grounding electrode 6 are concentric circular metal plates; the high-voltage electrode 2 is fixed on the upper end surface of the toughened glass shell 8 through the high-voltage bushing 1 and is connected with the anode of the impulse voltage generator through the high-voltage bushing 1; the grounding electrode 6 is fixed on the lower end surface of the toughened glass shell 8 through a supporting insulating cylinder 7 and is connected with the negative electrode of the impulse voltage generator through a grounding copper foil 9. The high-voltage electrode 2 and the grounding electrode 6 are separated by a certain distance; a plurality of equalizing rings 3 are arranged between the high-voltage electrode 2 and the grounding electrode 6; the centers of the equalizing rings 3 are arranged on the central axes of the two electrodes and are distributed at equal intervals from the high-voltage electrode 2 to the grounding electrode 6, wherein the head equalizing ring 3 and the tail equalizing ring 3 are respectively connected and fixed with the high-voltage electrode 2 and the grounding electrode 6, and the rest equalizing rings 3 are fixed on 4 side edges of the toughened glass shell 8; and a plurality of parallel equalizing resistors 5 are arranged between the adjacent equalizing rings 3. The two electrodes are connected with a grading ring 3, so that the voltage distribution on the electrodes is more uniform; meanwhile, the grading resistors 5 are connected among the plurality of pressure rings 3, so that the voltage on each grading ring 3 is uniformly reduced.
In an optional implementation manner in this embodiment, the high-voltage electrode 2 and the ground electrode 6 are circular metal plates with a radius of 1.6-2 m, a distance between the high-voltage electrode 2 and the ground electrode 6 is 0.8-1.2 m, and a ground height of the ground electrode is 1-2 m; preferably, the high-voltage electrode 2 and the ground electrode 6 are circular metal plates with a radius of 1.8m, the distance between the high-voltage electrode 2 and the ground electrode 6 is 1m, and the ground clearance of the ground electrode is 1.5 m. The higher the grounding electrode 6 is from the ground, the more uniform the electric field distribution on the central axes of the two electrodes is, but the factors of convenient operation, occupied space and the like are considered, and the whole height of the equipment cannot be too high.
In an optional implementation manner of this embodiment, 10 to 15 equalizing rings 3 are provided between the high-voltage electrode 2 and the ground electrode 6, and preferably, 12 equalizing rings 3 are provided between the high-voltage electrode 2 and the ground electrode 6.
In an optional implementation manner of this embodiment, the pipe diameter of the grading ring 3 is 40-60 mm, and preferably, the pipe diameter of the grading ring 3 is 50 mm.
In an optional implementation manner of this embodiment, the voltage equalizing resistors 5 are high-voltage pulse non-inductive resistors, and 8 parallel voltage equalizing resistors 5 are connected between every two voltage equalizing rings 3, where every two voltage equalizing resistors 5 are connected in parallel and respectively disposed at 4 side edges of the tempered glass outer shell 8.
In an optional implementation manner of this embodiment, an organic glass stretching box 4 is further fixed to a side surface of the tempered glass housing 8, and is used for sending the electric field measuring instrument to a central position of a central axis of the two electrodes. An opening 81 (see fig. 2) is arranged on the side surface of the tempered glass shell 8 and in the middle position of the high-voltage electrode 2 and the grounding electrode 6, and the organic glass stretching box 4 penetrates through the opening 81 and is fixed on the tempered glass shell 8 (see fig. 2). The plexiglass drawing box 4 is shown in fig. 2 and comprises: a fixed segment 41 and a moving segment 42, the moving segment 42 being slidable with respect to the fixed segment 41; the moving section 42 is used for placing the electric field measuring instrument, the end part of the moving section is provided with a plurality of layers of blocking pieces 43, the blocking pieces 43 are used for installing the electric field measuring instrument, and the positions of the blocking pieces 43 can be selected according to the diameter of the electric field measuring instrument.
The characteristics of the device for generating the calibration electric field are mainly: the size of the device is large enough that the probe does not significantly interfere with the charge distribution on the surface of the electrode generating the electric field; the homogeneous field region is sufficiently large to reduce the uncertainty of the field strength value at the probe location to an acceptable level; the electric field is not significantly distorted by nearby objects, the ground, or the operator performing the calibration. The present embodiment can satisfy the above requirements, and after finite element analysis, after a spherical probe with a diameter less than 120mm or a square probe with a side length less than 100mm is placed in the present embodiment, the electric field deviation near the surface of the polar plate does not exceed ± 1% of a theoretical calculated value, which means that the probe does not generate obvious interference on the charge distribution on the surface of the electrode at the time. Besides the standard electric field for generating the surge voltage, the present embodiment can also be used for generating the standard electric field for generating the power frequency voltage.
Example two:
an electric field measuring instrument calibration device for calibrating an electric field measuring instrument used in an electric field environment with impulse voltage, as shown in fig. 3, comprises:
a surge voltage generator 10 for supplying a surge voltage;
the standard electric field generating device 11 according to the first embodiment is configured to convert the impulse voltage into a standard electric field;
a surge resistor divider 12 connected in parallel with the standard electric field generating device 11;
the digital oscilloscope 13 is connected with the low-voltage end of the impulse resistor voltage divider 12; the low-voltage end voltage signal of the impulse resistor voltage divider 12 is connected with a digital oscilloscope 13 through a coaxial cable. The PC (not shown) is connected to the digital oscilloscope 13 via a network cable, calculates the impulse waveform collected by the oscilloscope, and finally converts the impulse waveform to a high voltage.
The procedure for electric field calibration was:
(1) at least five points are uniformly selected within the range of 20-100% of each measuring range of the electric field measuring instrument, each point corresponds to a calculated field intensity,E i =U i /d；U i is the potential difference across the electrodes and,dis the pitch of the electrodes. The uncertainty of a standard high-pressure measurement system should be no more than 0.5%.
(2) The electric field measuring instrument is placed in the organic glass stretching box 4 and is sent to the central position of the central axis of the two electrodes, and a maximum reading A on the instrument is obtained.
（3）K i =E i /A，E i Calculating field intensity and taking several measuring pointsK i The average value of the two is the scale factor of the electric field measuring instrumentK。
(4) By a scale factorKThe measurement is obtained by multiplying the reading on the instrument. The deviation of the field intensity value measured in the range of 20% -100% of the measuring range is within +/-3% of the calculated field intensity. If the error exceeds 3%, the instrument is considered to be unsatisfactory.
Example three:
an electric field measuring instrument calibration device for use in calibrating an electric field measuring instrument in an electric field environment of a power frequency voltage, as shown in fig. 4, comprises:
a power frequency voltage generator 14 for providing a power frequency voltage;
the standard electric field generating device 11 according to the first embodiment is configured to convert the power frequency voltage into a standard electric field;
the power frequency capacitive voltage divider 15 is connected with the standard electric field generating device 11 in parallel;
the digital multi-purpose meter 16 is connected with the low-voltage end of the power frequency capacitive voltage divider 15; the low-voltage end output voltage of the power frequency capacitive voltage divider 15 enters the digital multimeter 16, and the effective value of the power frequency voltage can be measured.
The procedure for performing the electric field calibration is the same as that of the embodiment, and is not described herein again.
The scope of the invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (8)
1. An electric field measuring instrument calibration device, comprising:
the impulse voltage generating device is used for providing impulse voltage;
the standard electric field generating devices under different voltage waveforms are used for converting the impact voltage into a standard electric field, and each standard electric field generating device under different voltage waveforms comprises a high-voltage electrode, a grounding electrode, a voltage-sharing ring and a voltage-sharing resistor; the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode are respectively used for connecting two poles of an impulse voltage generator, and the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode are separated by a distance; a plurality of equalizing rings are arranged between the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode, and the equalizing resistors are arranged between the adjacent equalizing rings;
the voltage divider is connected with the standard electric field generating device under different voltage waveforms in parallel;
the voltage measuring unit is connected with the low-voltage end of the voltage divider and used for measuring the impulse voltage, the impulse voltage is used for calculating the calculation field intensity of the standard electric field, and the calculation field intensity is used for comparing with the measurement value of the electric field measuring instrument to be measured so as to judge whether the electric field measuring instrument to be measured meets the requirement;
the calculation field intensity is used for comparing with the measured value of the electric field measuring instrument to be measured so as to judge whether the electric field measuring instrument to be measured meets the requirement or not, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) at least five points are uniformly selected within the range of 20-100% of each measuring range of the electric field measuring instrument, each point corresponds to a calculated field intensity,E i =U i /d；U i is the potential difference across the electrodes and,dis the distance between the electrodes, and the uncertainty of the standard high-voltage measurement system is not more than 0.5%;
(2) the electric field measuring instrument is placed in the organic glass stretching box and is sent to the central position of the central axis of the two electrodes to obtain a maximum reading A on the instrument;
（3）K i =E i /AwhereinE i Calculating field intensity and taking several measuring pointsK i The average value of the two is the scale factor of the electric field measuring instrumentK；
(4) By a scale factorKMultiplying the reading on the instrument to obtain a measured value, judging the deviation of the field intensity value measured in the range of 20% -100% of the measuring range, and if the error exceeds 3%, determining that the instrument is not qualifiedAnd (6) obtaining.
2. The electric field measuring instrument calibration device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high voltage electrode and the ground electrode are circular metal plates with a radius of 1.6-2.0 m, the distance between the high voltage electrode and the ground electrode is 0.8-1.2 m, and the ground electrode has a height of 1-2 m from the ground.
3. The electric field measuring instrument calibration device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the high voltage electrode and the ground electrode are circular metal plates with a radius of 1.8m and a gap of 1m, and the ground electrode has a ground clearance of 1.5 m.
4. The electric field measuring instrument calibration device according to claim 1, wherein 10 to 15 grading rings are provided between the high voltage electrode and the ground electrode.
5. The electric field measuring instrument calibration device according to claim 4, wherein 12 of said grading rings are provided between said high voltage electrode and said ground electrode.
6. The electric field measuring instrument calibration device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grading ring has a tube diameter of 40-60 mm.
7. The electric field measuring instrument calibration device according to claim 6, wherein the grading ring has a tube diameter of 50 mm.
8. The electric field measuring instrument calibration device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the voltage equalizing resistor is a high voltage pulse non-inductive resistor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710173279.7A CN108627786B (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2017-03-22 | Electric field measuring instrument calibrating device |
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| CN201710173279.7A CN108627786B (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2017-03-22 | Electric field measuring instrument calibrating device |
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| CN111323667B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2021-08-13 | 清华大学 | Bounded wave simulator with three different electric field areas |
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| CN102298996A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2011-12-28 | 清华大学 | Extra-high voltage composite insulator with uniform electric-field distribution |
| CN202975079U (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-06-05 | 保定天威保变电气股份有限公司 | Load capacitor used for reactor switching impulse test |
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