CN108627595B - Method for simultaneously detecting 12 alkaline drugs in hair - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of drug detection, and particularly relates to a method for simultaneously detecting 12 alkaline drugs in hair. The method for simultaneously analyzing the 12 psychotropic drugs in the hair is simple, convenient and rapid, and has wide analysis range. Compared with the existing method, the method omits the liquid-liquid extraction process in the sample pretreatment, the whole process can be completed within 1h, and the time is not increased; in contrast, when multiple samples are analyzed, the advantage of high throughput is more pronounced. The technical scheme provided by the invention can realize external pollution detection and instant quantitative analysis of actual cases, and is convenient for data accumulation of positive cases. Therefore, the method for simultaneously detecting 12 alkaline drugs in hair has excellent selectivity, linear correlation, precision and accuracy, and the LOD and the LOQ are low enough, so that technical support is successfully provided for conjecturing drug sources and correctly distinguishing illegal abuse and clinical medication, and considerable market potential is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of drug detection, and particularly relates to a method for simultaneously detecting 12 alkaline drugs in hair.
Background
As is well known, alkaline drugs represented by morphine, codeine, methamphetamine and amphetamine are widely diffused and most harmful in China.
Compared with other biological detection materials such as blood, urine and the like, the hair detection material has the advantages of easiness in obtaining and storing, stability of a target object, long detection time limit and the like, and particularly, the hair detection material can reflect the drug use condition for a long time (several months or years), so that the hair detection material plays an important role in forensic science virus intake identification and becomes evidence for identifying drug addiction in China at present.
In addition, in judicial identification, the detection of drug components in human hair samples is increased to be scientific evidence for identifying drug addicts; however, there is no method for simultaneously detecting multiple drugs, and it is difficult to meet the urgent need of detecting drugs in hair.
However, the methods in the prior art can only aim at one type of drugs, different drug detection requirements require different sample pretreatment operations, and pretreatment is complicated and time-consuming, so that the requirements of real identification can obviously not be met. At present, the types of drugs abused in China are increasingly diversified, and nearly 20% of drug addicts are often mixed with various drugs, such as methamphetamine, ketamine, cocaine and the like. In this case, if analysis is performed only by a method for a single drug, detection omission is likely to occur, and therefore, in practice, a method for screening and analyzing a plurality of drugs and metabolites thereof in hair is urgently required.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a method for simply, quickly and efficiently detecting 12 alkaline drugs in hair simultaneously, thereby popularizing the analysis technology of the drugs in the hair, standardizing the analysis method of legal medical toxicants in a laboratory and providing technical support for testification, detection and examination of virus taking identification.
Therefore, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for simultaneously detecting 12 alkaline drugs in hair, comprising the steps of:
(1) pretreating a sample;
(2) LC-MS/MS analysis;
wherein, the sample pretreatment in the step (1) comprises the following steps:
washing the hair sample with distilled water and acetone at room temperature, air drying, cutting, and placing in an EP tube; then, adding ceramic grinding beads and an internal standard solution into the EP tube, and carrying out freeze grinding; then, centrifuging, taking the supernatant, transferring the supernatant into a sample injection bottle, and injecting the sample into an LC-MS/MS system;
wherein, the 12 alkaline drugs are: monoacetylmorphine, morphine, codeine, methamphetamine, amphetamine, 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), 3, 4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3, 4-methylenedioxy-N-ethyl-amphetamine (MDE), ketamine, norketamine, cocaine, meceutran.
Preferably, in the above method, the internal standard solution is a methanolic solution of methoxamine.
Further preferably, in the above method, the concentration of the internal standard solution is 1 ng/mL.
Preferably, in the above method, the temperature of the freeze-grinding is 10 ℃ or less.
Preferably, in the method, the duration of the freeze grinding is 2-8 min.
Preferably, in the method, the rotation speed of the centrifugation is 10000-13000 rpm.
Further preferably, in the method, the duration of the centrifugation is 2-4 min.
Further preferably, in the method, the sample pretreatment comprises the following specific operations: washing the hair sample with distilled water and acetone sequentially at room temperature for 2 times, air drying, cutting to pieces of about 1mm, and placing 20mg of the pieces in an EP tube; then, 0.3g of ceramic grinding beads and 1mL of an internal standard solution (1 ng/mL of methoxamine) were added to the EP tube, and the mixture was subjected to freeze grinding (10 ℃ C. or lower) for 5 min; then, the mixture was centrifuged at 12000rpm for 3min, and the supernatant was transferred to a sample bottle and introduced into an LC-MS/MS system.
Preferably, in the above method, in the LC-MS/MS analysis of step (2), the chromatographic conditions comprise:
the chromatographic column is an Allure PFP Propyl liquid chromatographic column (2.1mm × 100mm × 5 μm); the mobile phase A is acetonitrile, the mobile phase B is 20mmol/L of amine acetate and 0.1% formic acid buffer solution, and gradient elution is carried out; flow rate: 350 mu L/min; sample introduction amount: 5 mu L of the solution; sample injector temperature: room temperature; column temperature: and (4) room temperature.
Further preferably, in the above method, the conditions of the gradient elution are: 0-4 min: 80% mobile phase a, 20% mobile phase B; 4-4.1 min: 95% mobile phase a, 5% mobile phase B; 4.1-9 min: 80% mobile phase a, 20% mobile phase B; 9min to last: 80% mobile phase a, 20% mobile phase B.
Preferably, in the above method, in the LC-MS/MS analysis of step (2), the mass spectrometry conditions include: electrospray ionization-positive ion mode (ESI +); collision gas (CAD): 7 psi; air curtain gas (CUR): 25 psi; ion source voltage (IS): 5500V; atomizing gas (GS 1): 35 psi; assist gas (GS 2): 35 psi; ion source Temperature (TEM): 500 ℃; the scanning mode is as follows: multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM).
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following technical advantages: the method for simultaneously analyzing 12 psychotropic drugs in hair is simple, convenient and rapid, and has wide analysis range. According to the analysis rule of hair identification of abuse drugs issued by the International Hair analysis Association (SOHT), the cutoff values of opioid and phenylpropylamine drugs are 0.2ng/mg, the cutoff values of cocaine and benzoylekonin are 0.5ng/mg and 0.05ng/mg respectively, and the LOD of the method is 0.05ng/mg (20mg hair dose), which is sufficient for meeting the common cases of identification of abuse drugs in hair. The new method is applied to PT sample test of SOHT, and the feasibility, the qualitative and quantitative accuracy are proved. Compared with the existing method, the method omits the liquid-liquid extraction process in the sample pretreatment, the whole process can be completed within 1h, and the time is not increased; in contrast, when multiple samples are analyzed, the advantage of high throughput is more pronounced. The technical scheme provided by the invention can realize external pollution detection and instant quantitative analysis of actual cases, and is convenient for data accumulation of positive cases.
In conclusion, the method for simultaneously detecting 12 alkaline drugs in hair has excellent selectivity, linear correlation, precision and accuracy, and the LOD and the LOQ are low enough, so that technical support is provided for predicting drug sources and correctly distinguishing illegal abuse and clinical medication successfully, and therefore, the method has considerable market potential.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an LC-MS/MS spectrum of a hair sample from example 1;
FIG. 2 is an LC-MS/MS spectrum of a hair sample from example 2;
FIG. 3 is an LC-MS/MS spectrum of a hair sample from example 3;
FIG. 4 is a total ion current chromatogram of 12 kinds of alkaline drugs;
FIG. 5 is an LC-MS/MS spectrum of monoacetylmorphine;
figure 6 is an LC-MS/MS profile of morphine;
FIG. 7 is an LC-MS/MS spectrum of codeine;
FIG. 8 is an LC-MS/MS spectrum of methamphetamine;
FIG. 9 is an LC-MS/MS spectrum of amphetamine;
FIG. 10 is an LC-MS/MS profile of MDMA;
FIG. 11 is an LC-MS/MS spectrum of MDA;
FIG. 12 is an LC-MS/MS spectrum of MDE;
FIG. 13 is an LC-MS/MS spectrum of ketamine;
FIG. 14 is an LC-MS/MS spectrum of norketamine;
FIG. 15 is an LC-MS/MS profile of cocaine;
FIG. 16 is an LC-MS/MS spectrum of benzoylekonin;
FIG. 17 is an LC-MS/MS spectrum of the internal standard.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
A method for simultaneously detecting 12 alkaline drugs in hair comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreating a sample;
(2) LC-MS/MS analysis;
wherein, the sample pretreatment in the step (1) comprises the following steps:
washing the hair sample with distilled water and acetone at room temperature, air drying, cutting, and placing in an EP tube; then, adding ceramic grinding beads and an internal standard solution into the EP tube, and carrying out freeze grinding; then, centrifuging, taking the supernatant, transferring the supernatant into a sample injection bottle, and injecting the sample into an LC-MS/MS system;
wherein, the 12 alkaline drugs are: monoacetylmorphine, morphine, codeine, methamphetamine, amphetamine, 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), 3, 4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3, 4-methylenedioxy-N-ethyl-amphetamine (MDE), ketamine, norketamine, cocaine, meceutran.
In a preferred embodiment, the internal standard solution is a methanolic solution of methoxamine.
In a further preferred embodiment, the concentration of the internal standard solution is 1 ng/mL.
In a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the freeze-grinding is 10 ℃ or less.
In a preferred embodiment, the duration of the freeze-grinding is 2-8 min.
In a preferred embodiment, the rotating speed of the centrifugation is 10000-13000 rpm.
In a further preferred embodiment, the duration of the centrifugation is 2 to 4 min.
In a preferred embodiment, in the LC-MS/MS analysis described in step (2), the chromatographic conditions comprise:
the chromatographic column is an Allure PFP Propyl liquid chromatographic column (2.1mm × 100mm × 5 μm); the mobile phase A is acetonitrile, the mobile phase B is 20mmol/L of amine acetate and 0.1% formic acid buffer solution, and gradient elution is carried out; flow rate: 350 mu L/min; sample introduction amount: 5 mu L of the solution; sample injector temperature: room temperature; column temperature: and (4) room temperature.
In a further preferred embodiment, the conditions of the gradient elution are as shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 conditions of gradient elution
Time (min) | A(v%) | B(v%) |
Initial | 80 | 20 |
1.00 | 80 | 20 |
4 | 95 | 5 |
4.10 | 80 | 20 |
9.00 | 80 | 20 |
In a preferred embodiment, in the LC-MS/MS analysis of step (2), the mass spectrometry conditions comprise: electrospray ionization-positive ion mode (ESI +); collision gas (CAD): 7 psi; air curtain gas (CUR): 25 psi; ion source voltage (IS): 5500V; atomizing gas (GS 1): 35 psi; assist gas (GS 2): 35 psi; ion source Temperature (TEM): 500 ℃; the scanning mode is as follows: multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM).
Among these, the detected ions and other related parameters are shown in table 2 below:
TABLE 2 MS/MS conditions and Retention times for the Compounds
Note: first parent/daughter ion pair is a quantitative ion pair.
In addition, the inventor also carries out a series of tests to verify the method, which mainly comprises verifying the selectivity, the linear correlation, the quantitative limit, the precision, the accuracy and the like of the method; as follows respectively:
the blank hair is subjected to sample pretreatment according to the method of the invention and then subjected to LC-MS/MS analysis, and endogenous substances in the blank hair do not interfere with the measurement of 12 alkaline drugs, metabolites thereof and internal standards, so the method of the invention has good selectivity.
The 12 alkaline drugs and their metabolites showed good linearity in their respective linear ranges, as shown in Table 3 below, LOD was 0.05ng/mg, and LOQ was 0.1 ng/mg.
TABLE 3 Linear equation and Linear Range
In addition, the accuracy of the concentrations of the 12 alkaline drugs and metabolites thereof at the low, medium and high concentrations is within 100 +/-20%, and the precision RSD is within +/-20%, which is shown in the following table 4.
TABLE 4 precision and accuracy of measurement of 12 alkaline drugs and their metabolites in hair
Example 1
If a person sends out the hair to be detected, the suspect claims that the person never hit the drugs. The hair to be inspected is analyzed by adopting the method of the invention, not only methamphetamine and the metabolite amphetamine thereof are detected in the 0-3cm section of the scalp, but also MDMA and the metabolite MDA thereof are detected, and the specific detection result is shown in figure 1.
Example 2
When a certain party sends out the hair to be detected, the suspects acknowledge the smooth 'ice'; the hair to be inspected is analyzed by adopting the method disclosed by the invention, so that not only methamphetamine and a metabolite thereof, namely amphetamine, are detected, but also ketamine and a metabolite thereof, namely norketamine, are detected; therefore, by applying the method of the present invention, a plurality of alkaline drugs can be simultaneously screened to reduce the risk of missing detection, and the detection result of this embodiment is shown in fig. 2.
Example 3
When a certain party sends out the hair to be detected, the suspects acknowledge the smooth 'ice'; the hair to be inspected is analyzed by adopting the method disclosed by the invention, not only MDMA and MDA metabolite thereof are detected, but also ketamine and methyl ketamine metabolite thereof, cocaine and benzoyl ekonin metabolite thereof are detected; therefore, by applying the method of the present invention, a plurality of alkaline drugs can be simultaneously screened to reduce the risk of missing detection, and the detection result of this embodiment is shown in fig. 3.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the embodiments are only examples, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Any equivalent modifications and substitutions to those skilled in the art are also within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for simultaneously detecting 12 alkaline drugs in hair is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) pretreating a sample;
2) LC-MS/MS analysis;
wherein, the sample pretreatment in the step 1) comprises the following steps:
washing the hair sample with distilled water and acetone at room temperature, air drying, cutting, and placing in an EP tube; then, adding ceramic grinding beads and an internal standard solution into the EP tube, and carrying out freeze grinding; then, centrifuging, taking the supernatant, transferring the supernatant into a sample injection bottle, and injecting the sample into an LC-MS/MS system;
wherein, the 12 alkaline drugs are: monoacetylmorphine, morphine, codeine, methamphetamine, amphetamine, 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, 3, 4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, 3, 4-methylenedioxy-N-ethyl-amphetamine, ketamine, norketamine, cocaine, benzoylekanine;
wherein the internal standard solution is a methanol solution of methoxyphenamine;
in the LC-MS/MS analysis in the step 2), the chromatographic conditions comprise:
the chromatographic column is an Allure PFP Propyl liquid chromatographic column, 2.1mm multiplied by 100mm multiplied by 5 mu m; the mobile phase A is acetonitrile, the mobile phase B is 20mmol/L of amine acetate and 0.1% formic acid buffer solution, and gradient elution is carried out; flow rate: 350 mu L/min; sample introduction amount: 5 mu L of the solution; sample injector temperature: room temperature; column temperature: room temperature;
the conditions of the gradient elution are as follows: 0-4 min: 80% mobile phase a, 20% mobile phase B; 4-4.1 min: 95% mobile phase a, 5% mobile phase B; 4.1-9 min: 80% mobile phase a, 20% mobile phase B; 9min to the end: 80% mobile phase a, 20% mobile phase B.
2. The method for simultaneously detecting 12 alkaline drugs in hair according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the internal standard solution is 1 ng/mL.
3. The method for simultaneously detecting 12 alkaline drugs in hair according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the freeze-grinding is 10 ℃ or lower.
4. The method for simultaneously detecting 12 alkaline drugs in hair according to claim 1, wherein the duration of the freeze-grinding is 2-8 min.
5. The method for simultaneously detecting 12 alkaline drugs in hair according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the centrifugation is 10000-13000 rpm.
6. The method for simultaneously detecting 12 alkaline drugs in hair according to claim 5, wherein the duration of centrifugation is 2-4 min.
7. The method for simultaneously detecting 12 alkaline drugs in hair according to claim 1, wherein in the LC-MS/MS analysis in step 2), the mass spectrometry conditions comprise:
electrospray ionization-positive ion mode, ESI +; collision gas, CAD: 7 psi; air curtain gas, CUR: 25 psi; ion source voltage, IS: 5500V; atomizing gas, GS 1: 35 psi; auxiliary gas, GS 2: 35 psi; ion source temperature, TEM: 500 ℃; the scanning mode is as follows: multiple reaction monitoring, MRM.
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