CN108627387A - A kind of test method of battery diaphragm puncture resistant ability and test combine the unit - Google Patents
A kind of test method of battery diaphragm puncture resistant ability and test combine the unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN108627387A CN108627387A CN201810688253.0A CN201810688253A CN108627387A CN 108627387 A CN108627387 A CN 108627387A CN 201810688253 A CN201810688253 A CN 201810688253A CN 108627387 A CN108627387 A CN 108627387A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of test methods of battery diaphragm puncture resistant ability, this method is that diaphragm sample is placed between two electrode plates to form test block, the jagged face of surface band of a wherein at least electrode plate, burr bread is containing several conductive hard particles for protruding from the electrode plate surface, diaphragm sample corresponds to contact burr face and places, and two electrode plates are respectively and electrically connected to the both ends of Insulation Resistance Tester.Test block is positioned in variable temperatures and controllable environment, increase the pressure value of the mutual forward extrusion of two electrode plates with external force, when the Insulation Resistance Tester measures two electrode plate short circuit of the test block, the pressure value of record at this time, the pressure value are the puncture resistant ability for characterizing the diaphragm sample.Preferably, the present invention has the dry abrasive paper of conductive hard alloy particle to replace two electrode plates with two surfaces.The invention further relates to the test combination units for battery diaphragm puncture resistant aptitude tests.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery technology fields, and in particular to a kind of test method of battery diaphragm puncture resistant ability.
Background technology
Diaphragm be lithium battery structure in crucial one of interior layer assembly.The performance of diaphragm determines the interface knot of battery
Structure, internal resistance etc. directly affect the characteristics such as capacity, cycle and the security performance of battery, and the diaphragm haveing excellent performance is to improving battery
Comprehensive performance play an important role.The description of the popular point of diaphragm is exactly one layer of porous plastic film, is in lithium electric material
A kind of highest high added value material of technical barrier, accounts for about the 20%-30% of lithium battery cost.Tank house is divided into cathode by diaphragm
Area and anode region, pass through for lithium ion mobility, and prevent positive and negative anodes contact occur short circuit, once diaphragm occur machinery breakdown or
Damage, it will internal short-circuit of battery, short-circuited region local temperature steep temperature rise are directly resulted in, it could even be possible to causing thermal runaway.
Li dendrite is generated since cell degradation or low temperature charging can cause lithium metal to be deposited in negative terminal surface, Li dendrite can puncture diaphragm and make
At internal short-circuit of battery；Or battery manufacture is bad, there are metallic particles is mixed in metal burr or pole piece around pole piece, one
Burr or metallic particles can pierce through diaphragm and cause internal short-circuit of battery under fixed condition.Therefore, the good puncture resistant ability pair of diaphragm
Battery safety is most important.
The lithium ion battery separator commercially used at present is polyalkene diaphragm (polypropylene and polyethylene), puncture resistant mostly
Ability can change with variation of ambient temperature.The prior art is substantially using ASTM the characterization of diaphragm puncture resistant ability
F1306-90 membrane puncture strength criterion test methods test diaphragm puncture resistant ability, which is will be a diameter of
With the movement speed of 25mm/min, vertically indentation is fixed in the diaphragm on clamping device to 3.2mm circular cones pressure head, and diaphragm is pierced
When pressure be denoted as diaphragm puncture resistant ability, pressure head diameter is punctured used in the test method and is significantly greater than lithium branch in battery
Hundreds times of brilliant, pole piece metal burr or foreign particles etc., and battery manufacturing procedure temperature or temperature in use are ignored to diaphragm puncture resistant
The influence of ability.It can be seen that the test method is directly worn with puncture pressure head test the anti-of diaphragm sample under room temperature environment
Thorn ability, there are larger differences with actual conditions for this test result, and it is actual anti-in the battery to be not sufficient to accurate evaluation diaphragm
Puncture ability.
Invention content
In order to solve the above problem of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of test side of battery diaphragm puncture resistant ability
Method, the actual environment residing for the test method simulated battery septation more objectively test diaphragm anti-electrode particle in the battery
Or the ability that foreign particles pierce through, performance and battery for assessing diaphragm occur the probability of short circuit, can preferably predict diaphragm
Security reliability in the battery has great importance for lithium battery research and development, diaphragm evaluation and failure analysis.The present invention is also
A kind of test combination unit for battery diaphragm puncture resistant aptitude tests is provided.
In order to achieve the above object, the main technical schemes that the present invention uses include：
A kind of test method of battery diaphragm puncture resistant ability, the method are that diaphragm sample is placed on two electrode plates
Between form test block, the jagged face of surface band of a wherein at least electrode plate, the burr bread protrudes from this containing several
The conductive hard particles of electrode plate surface, the diaphragm sample correspond to the burr face that contacts, and two electrode plate is electric respectively
Property is connected to the both ends of Insulation Resistance Tester；The test block is positioned over an environment for capableing of simulated battery internal conditions
In, increase the pressure of the mutual forward extrusion of two electrode plates by external force, when the Insulation Resistance Tester measures the test
When two electrode plate short circuit of part, the pressure value at this time is recorded, which is the puncture resistant energy for characterizing the diaphragm sample
Power.
A preferred embodiment according to the present invention, two electrode plate are respectively sand paper, and the sand paper includes original
Paper and the sand grains layer being covered on body paper, the sand grains layer constitute the burr face, and the sand grains of the sand grains layer is conductive hard
Matter alloying pellet, and the sand paper is connect with its sand grains layer extraction wire with Insulation Resistance Tester respectively.
The sand grains of a preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the sand grains layer is selected from tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, titanium nitride
And one or more conductive hard alloy particles in chromium carbide.
A preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the sand grains grain size of the sand grains layer are 5~100 μm, preferably 30~
40μm。
Two electrode plate is stretched out in the edge of a preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the diaphragm sample
The region of overlapping.Two electrode plates are prevented to be in direct contact except the region that the diaphragm sample obstructs.
A preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the diaphragm be diaphragm commonly used in the art, as polypropylene every
Film or polyethylene diagrams, thickness are 1~40 μm.
A preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the environment for capableing of simulated battery internal conditions is by high/low temperature
Universal testing machine provides.Wherein, the interior environment temperature setting range of the high/low temperature universal testing machine is -20~130 DEG C.
In test, which need to be kept flat into the high/low temperature universal testing machine, in the internal environment temperature of setting
Under degree, 5~60min, preferably 30min are stood, makes temperature and the omnipotent examination of the high/low temperature of the test block interval membrane sample
The interior environment temperature for testing machine reaches consistent.
A preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the external force are carried by the ball-type pressure head of the high/low temperature universal testing machine
For.When it is implemented, since the test block is kept flat to the test platform of high/low temperature universal testing machine described in this,
Its ball-type pressure head is to apply downward pressure to the electrode plate positioned at the component top to be tested.Wherein preferably, the height
The pushing speed of the ball-type pressure head of warm universal testing machine is 0.01~0.1mm/min, preferably 0.01mm/min.
A preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the ball-type pressure head diameter are 1~2cm, preferably 1.5cm.
A preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the voltage set range of the Insulation Resistance Tester is 10~
250V, it is therefore preferable to which ranging from 0.1~0.5M Ω, preferably 0.1M Ω is arranged in 100V, resistance.
A preferred embodiment according to the present invention, further, according to the method described above to each diaphragm sample making 3
~10 test blocks average the measured value of correspondence 3~10 test blocks, as the anti-of final this kind of diaphragm sample
Puncture capacity data.Whereby, influence of the external cause to test result can be excluded, the confidence level of test result and accurate is further increased
Degree.
The present invention also provides a kind of test methods of battery diaphragm puncture resistant ability, and this method comprises the following steps：
S1：Assembling test part：It intercepts between a piece of diaphragm sample is placed in two electrode plates of stacking and forms test block；Wherein
The one side of at least one piece electrode plate is equipped with burr face, and the burr bread is containing several conductions for protruding from the electrode plate surface
Hard particles, the diaphragm sample, which corresponds to, contacts the burr face；
S2:The test block is connect with Insulation Resistance Tester：Two electrode plate is connected to absolutely with conducting wire respectively
The both ends of edge resistance meter；
S3:It is tested in simulated environment：The environment temperature in high/low temperature universal testing machine is set, the test block is kept flat
In in high/low temperature universal testing machine, 5min or more is stood, then using described in the pressing of the pressure head of the high/low temperature universal testing machine
The electrode plate on test block upper layer；When short-circuit between two electrode plates that the Insulation Resistance Tester measures the test block, record is at this time
The pressure head presses the pressure value of the test block, this pressure value is to characterize the anti-puncture ability of the diaphragm sample under specific temperature.
In step sl：
Preferably, two electrode plate is respectively a sand paper, and such as conventional use of dry abrasive paper, the sand paper include
Body paper and the sand grains layer being covered on body paper, the sand grains layer constitute the burr face, and the sand grains of the sand grains layer is conduction
Hard alloy particle, the one kind or more of the conduction hard alloy particle in tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, titanium nitride and chromium carbide
Kind.
Preferably, the size of the diaphragm sample will be more than two sand paper as much as possible, to prevent two sand
Position of the paper other than the diaphragm sample barrier region is in direct contact, and causes test result error.
Preferably, the sand grains grain size is 5~100 μm, preferably 30~40 μm.
Preferably, the diaphragm is diaphragm commonly used in the art, and thickness is 1~40 μm.
In step s 2：
Wherein, the sand paper is connect by conducting wire with Insulation Resistance Tester with its sand grains layer respectively.Preferably, described exhausted
The voltage set range of edge resistance meter is 10~250V, it is therefore preferable to ranging from 0.1~0.5M Ω are arranged in 100V, resistance,
Preferably 0.1M Ω.
In step s3：
Preferably, the environment temperature setting range in the high/low temperature universal testing machine is -20~130 DEG C.
Preferably, the time range that the test block is stood is 5~60min, preferably 30min.Ensure that the test block reaches
It is consistent to the temperature set with the high/low temperature universal testing machine.
Preferably, the pressure head of the high/low temperature universal testing machine is ball-type pressure head, and pressing speed is 0.01~0.1mm/
Min, preferably 0.01mm/min.Preferably, the ball-type pressure head diameter is 1~2cm, preferably 1.5cm.
Design according to the present invention, the present invention also provides a kind of test combinations for battery diaphragm puncture resistant aptitude tests
Device, including：
Test block, including two electrode plates and the diaphragm sample being located between two electrode plate, two pieces of electrodes
The one side that plate corresponds to the diaphragm sample is equipped with sand grains layer, and the sand grains of the sand grains layer is conductive hard particles；
Two electrode plates of the test block are electrically connected in Insulation Resistance Tester；
High/low temperature universal testing machine can set its internal environment temperature, is equipped in the high/low temperature universal testing machine
Test platform and pressure head, the test platform provide the position that the test block is kept flat, and the pressure head is used for the test block with pre-
Constant speed degree is pressed, and when short-circuit between two electrode plates that the Insulation Resistance Tester measures the test block, records the pressure at this time
It is the puncture resistant ability for characterizing the diaphragm sample that head, which presses the pressure value of the test block, the pressure value,.
Preferably, two electrode plate is respectively a sand paper, and the sand paper includes body paper and is covered on the body paper
Sand grains layer, constitute the sand grains layer sand grains be tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, titanium nitride or chromium carbide in one or more conductions
The grain size of hard alloy particle, sand grains is 5~100 μm, and preferably 30~40 μm, the sand paper is with one with the sand grains layer
Face is electrically connected by conducting wire with the Insulation Resistance Tester.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) actual environment and state residing for simulated battery septation of the present invention, with the two pieces of electrode plate being overlapped centre folders
If the mode of diaphragm simulates cell lamination pattern, with the practical system of internal temperature simulated battery set by high/low temperature universal testing machine
Make and using the temperature residing for process septation, with the burr on the sand grains layer simulation electrode surface of electrode plate surface, Li dendrite or
Diapirism of the foreign particles to diaphragm.More objectively resistance to electrode particle or foreign particles pierce test diaphragm in the battery as a result,
The ability worn, the actual probabilities of short circuit can be occurred with battery by more fully assessing the puncture of diaphragm, preferably predict diaphragm
Security reliability in the battery.
(2) present invention is easy to operate, on the basis of existing test equipment, carries out reasonable combination and collocation uses, nothing
Need to purchase special equipment, detection is reproducible, can standardized test, testing staff is independently operable, the survey of variety classes diaphragm
Test result is comparable also closer to actual conditions, can quickly analyze puncture of the diaphragm under varying environment and different operating modes
Effect has great importance for lithium battery research and development, diaphragm evaluation and failure analysis.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that a kind of test for battery diaphragm puncture resistant aptitude tests of present pre-ferred embodiments combines the unit knot
Structure schematic diagram.
100- tests combination unit, the sand grains layer of 10 test blocks, 2- sand paper, the body paper of 21- sand paper, 22- sand paper, 3- diaphragms
Sample, the omnipotent test machine of 4- high/low temperatures, 41- test platforms, 42 ball-type pressure heads, 51,52- conducting wires, 6- Insulation Resistance Testers.
Specific implementation mode
In order to preferably explain the present invention, in order to understand, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is described in detail.
It is a kind of test for battery diaphragm puncture resistant aptitude tests of present pre-ferred embodiments in conjunction with shown in Fig. 1
The structural schematic diagram of combination unit 100, including：
Test block 10, including two sand paper 2 and the diaphragm sample 3 being located between two sand paper 2.Diaphragm sample 3
From diaphragm commonly used in the art, such as polyethylene diagrams or polypropylene diaphragm, thickness is 1~40 μm.Sand paper 2 is conventional make
Dry abrasive paper, including body paper 21 and sand grains layer 22, body paper 21 are the base materials for adhering to sand grains layer 22, are generally insulated
Brown paper and latex paper, and constitute one kind in tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, titanium nitride and chromium carbide of the sand grains of sand grains layer 22 or
The grain size of a variety of conduction hard alloy particles, sand grains is 5~100 μm, preferably 30~40 μm.Diaphragm sample 3 is clipped in sand up and down
It paper 2 and is contacted with sand grains layer 22.It is preferably that the size of the size ratio sand paper 2 of diaphragm sample 3 is big when cutting diaphragm sample 3, it keeps away
Exempt from two sand paper 2 to be in direct contact during the test, Insulation Resistance Tester 6 is caused to alarm.One end of conducting wire 51 is from diaphragm sample
The one side that the sand paper 2 on 3 upper layer of product is equipped with sand grains layer 22 is drawn, and one end of conducting wire 52 is equipped with sand from the sand paper 2 of 3 lower layer of diaphragm sample
The one side of granulosa 22 is drawn.
Insulation Resistance Tester 6 can supply to be electrically connected with the other end of conducting wire 51,52 respectively.The electricity of Insulation Resistance Tester
Pressure setting ranging from 10~250V, it is therefore preferable to which ranging from 0.1~0.5M Ω, preferably 0.1M Ω is arranged in 100V, resistance.
High/low temperature universal testing machine 4 has test box and test platform 41, passes through the control of the high/low temperature universal testing machine 4
Panel processed sets the environment temperature of the 41 place test box of test platform, for setting temperature range at -20~130 DEG C.It should
High/low temperature universal testing machine 4 also includes pressure head 42, is an a diameter of 1~2cm, the ball-type pressure of preferably 1.5cm as shown in Figure 1
Head, the ball-type pressure head are not easy mechanical damage test block 10 in pressure process.
When testing the anti-puncture ability of diaphragm sample 3, which is set to the high-low temperature tester 4
Test box outside (by conducting wire connecting test part 10, changing to avoid test box internal temperature influences the megger test
The normal operating condition of instrument 6 also easily facilitates tester and observes the Insulation Resistance Tester 6), which is positioned over height
On test platform 41 in 4 test box of low temperature testing machine, 5~60min is first stood, waits the temperature and high/low temperature ten thousand of the test block 10
When the environment temperature set in energy testing machine 4 is consistent, start to test.When test, the firing switch of pressure head 42 is controlled, the ball-type is made
Pressure head 42 move down and compress test block 10, in this process, constantly observe Insulation Resistance Tester 6 state,
Insulation Resistance Tester 6 because between two electrode plates (i.e. sand paper 2) of the test block it is short-circuit due to send out alarm signal (display shown
Or send out alarm) when, record the pressure value that the pressure head at this time presses the test block.Wherein, the pushing speed of pressure head 42 is 0.01
~0.1mm/min, preferably 0.01mm/min.Pressure value of record, for characterizing the diaphragm sample 3 under certain specific temperature
Anti-puncture ability.Insulation Resistance Tester 6 is used to test insulator, therefore when Insulation Resistance Tester 6 sends out alarm signal
When, it indicates that the pressure of pressure head 42 has resulted in diaphragm sample 3 at this time and is pierced through by sand grains tiny on sand paper 2, puncture leads to diaphragm
The formation of sand paper 2 of 3 levels of sample conducts, and causes test block 10 to become nonisulated body, to cause Insulation Resistance Tester 6
Alarm.
Wherein, dry abrasive paper is that the abrasive material of high rigidity is bonded on latex using synthetic resin as binder, and is coated with
Product made of anlistatig coating.There are many alternative fineness, body paper generally to select special ox for the sand grains of dry abrasive paper
Mulberry paper and latex paper, then natural and synthetic resin is selected to make binder, it is fabricated by advanced high electrostatic sand-planting technique.
It should be noted that positioned at the sand paper 2 (counter electrode plate) of 3 levels of diaphragm sample, if (21 phase of body paper of body paper 21
When the part except electrode plate flash removed face) when being conductor, since pressure head 42 is metal, to prevent the insulation resistance instrument from applying
Electric current passes through from pressure head 42 when pressing larger voltage, can paste insulating cement or brushing in contrast to the one side of sand grains layer 22 in body paper 21
Insulating coating can also change pressure head 42 into isolation material, or glue insulating cement or painting insulating coating etc. absolutely to its outer surface
Edgeization processing.Such as pressure head 42 is changed into and does insulating processing outside insulating materials (such as rigid plastics) or pressure head 42, then be not necessarily to pair
Body paper 21 does insulation processing on one side in contrast to sand grains layer 22.Body paper 21 at this time is conductor, in this case, two layers of the sand
As long as thering is the sand grains layer 22 of one layer of sand paper to meet test condition towards the diaphragm sample 3 in paper 2, at this time conducting wire 51,52
One side extraction from body paper 21 in contrast to sand grains layer 22 can also be drawn from sand grains layer 22, work as 3 quilt of diaphragm sample as long as meeting
When puncture, conducting wire 51,52 can be conducted.Conversely, when body paper 21 is insulator, then the sand grains of upper layer and lower layer sand paper 2
Layer 22 should all be corresponded to diaphragm sample 3 and be contacted, and conducting wire 51,52 can only be drawn from sand grains layer 22, and purpose is all to ensure
Two electrode plate short circuits (being transformed into nonisulated body) of test block 10 when diaphragm sample 3 is pierced.In short, need to ensure the pressure head 42
Upper surface with the test block 10 being pressed is non-electrical conducting state.
In order to exclude influence of the external cause to test result, the objectivity and accuracy of test result are further increased, is being surveyed
When examination, 3~10 diaphragm samples 3 can be cut to each diaphragm to be measured, are fabricated to test block 10 according to the method described above respectively.Then
The both ends for connecting the sand grains layer 22 and Insulation Resistance Tester 6 of two layers of sand paper 2 with conducting wire 51,52 respectively, according to above-mentioned test side
Method tests each test block 10, obtains same 3~10 anti-puncture capacity datas of diaphragm to be measured, averages, with average
The value punctured resistance data final as certain diaphragm.
The technical characteristics of the present invention are that test method of the invention simulates actual rings existing for battery septation
The mode of border and state, the intermediate sandwiched diaphragm of the electrode plate (sand paper 2) being overlapped with two pieces simulates cell lamination pattern, uses high/low temperature
Residing for test box and test platform temperature simulation battery actual fabrication and use process septation set by universal testing machine
Temperature, with burr, Li dendrite or the foreign particles on the tiny hard sand grains layer simulation electrode surface of coated abrasive surface to the thorn of diaphragm
The effect of wearing.The method of the present invention is simple and convenient, intuitive, testing staff is independently operable, can standardized test, to different samples difference
At a temperature of test result be comparable.
The present invention also dexterously applies the electrode plate that current existing dry abrasive paper is used as test, the sand on dry abrasive paper
Grain, the small hardness of grain size is big and conductive, by chance can be used for simulating burr, Li dendrite or the foreign matter on positive and negative plate surface
Grain, is used in combination Insulation Resistance Tester 6, the accurate punctured resistance for testing different conditions lower diaphragm plate sample 3, overall merit every
The puncture resistant ability of film.Present device require it is simple, only on the basis of existing test equipment, be reasonably combined and
It utilizes, does not need to buy new equipment, detection is reproducible, and test result is comparable.Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, figure is used
The test for battery diaphragm puncture resistant aptitude tests of structure shown in 1 combines the unit, to illustrate the exploitativeness of the present invention
And technique effect, but be not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment tests the high temperature puncture strength for the polyethylene wet method diaphragm that thickness is 16 μm, the system of simulation battery core baking
Journey, tests the puncture strength that septation is toasted in battery core, and concrete operation step is as follows：
(1) two side surfaces up and down that the diaphragm sample of 120mm × 120mm is placed in 100mm × 100mm are distributed with and account for
The copper foil (impulse- free robustness face is coated with insulating layer or pastes insulating cement) of the small burr in 30%~40% region of surface, burr on copper foil
Grain size be 50~80 μm, the height of protrusion is 50~80 μm, and burr is facing towards diaphragm sample.Conducting wire is bonded on copper foil
(one side for being bonded in naked layer or insulating film) is simultaneously connect with Insulation Resistance Tester, is then placed in copper foil and diaphragm together
On test platform in high/low temperature universal testing machine, Insulation Resistance Tester is placed in outside high/low temperature universal testing machine.
(2) diaphragm sample stands 30min in 80 DEG C of high/low temperature universal testing machine, then uses high/low temperature universal testing machine
The copper foil on ball-type pressure head pressure upper layer record pressure value at this time, retest 5 is poly- until Insulation Resistance Tester is alarmed
The puncture strength value of ethylene wet method diaphragm sample, and take its average value, experimental result such as table 1, wherein ball-type pressure head diameter is
1.5cm, high/low temperature universal testing machine compression speed are 0.01mm/min, and Insulation Resistance Tester voltage is set as 100V, resistance
It is set as 0.1M Ω.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment tests the high temperature puncture strength for the polyethylene wet method diaphragm that thickness is 16 μm, the system of simulation battery core baking
Journey, tests the puncture strength that septation is toasted in battery core, and concrete operation step is as follows：
(1) between the diaphragm sample of 120mm × 120mm being placed in two dry abrasive papers up and down of 100mm × 100mm,
The sand grains of middle sand paper be 40 μm of grain sizes tungsten carbide, by conducting wire be bonded on the sand grains layer of two dry abrasive papers and and insulation resistance
Tester connects, the test platform being then placed in two dry abrasive papers and diaphragm sample together in high/low temperature universal testing machine
On, Insulation Resistance Tester is placed in outside high-low temperature tester.
(2) diaphragm sample stands 30min in 80 DEG C of high-low temperature tester, then uses the ball of high/low temperature universal testing machine
Type pressure head presses the dry abrasive paper on upper layer, until Insulation Resistance Tester alarm, records pressure value at this time, retest 5 is poly-
The puncture strength value of ethylene wet method diaphragm sample, and take its average value, experimental result such as table 1, wherein ball-type pressure head diameter is
1.5cm, high/low temperature universal testing machine compression speed are 0.01mm/min, and Insulation Resistance Tester voltage is set as 100V, resistance
It is set as 0.1M Ω.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment tests the low temperature puncture strength for the polypropylene dry method diaphragm that thickness is 40 μm, and simulated battery low temperature uses
Environment, tests the puncture strength in battery low temperature charge and discharge process septation, and concrete operation step is as follows：
(1) the diaphragm sample of 120mm × 100mm is placed between two dry abrasive papers up and down of 90mm × 80mm, wherein
The sand grains of sand paper is the titanium carbide of 80 μm of grain sizes, and conducting wire is bonded in two dry abrasive paper sand grains faces to be connected with Insulation Resistance Tester
It connects, then two dry abrasive papers and diaphragm sample is placed in together on the test platform in high/low temperature universal testing machine, insulated electro
Resistance tester is placed in outside high/low temperature universal testing machine.
(2) diaphragm sample stands 60min in -20 DEG C of high/low temperature universal testing machine, then uses high/low temperature universal test
Machine ball-type pressure head presses the dry abrasive paper on upper layer, until Insulation Resistance Tester alarm, records pressure value at this time, retest 5
The puncture strength value of a polypropylene dry method diaphragm sample, and its average value is taken, experimental result such as table 1, wherein ball-type pressure head diameter
For 1cm, high/low temperature universal testing machine compression speed is 0.1mm/min, and Insulation Resistance Tester voltage is set as 250V, and resistance is set
It is set to 0.5M Ω.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment tests the low temperature puncture strength for the polyethylene wet method diaphragm that thickness is 1 μm, simulated battery applied at elevated temperature
Environment, tests the puncture strength in battery high-temperature charge and discharge process septation, and concrete operation step is as follows：
(1) the diaphragm sample of a diameter of 100mm is placed between two dry abrasive papers up and down of a diameter of 80mm, wherein
The sand grains of sand paper is the titanium nitride of 5 μm of grain sizes, and conducting wire is bonded in two dry abrasive paper sand grains faces to be connected with Insulation Resistance Tester
It connects, then two dry abrasive papers and diaphragm sample is placed in together on the test platform in high/low temperature universal testing machine, insulated electro
Resistance tester is placed in outside high/low temperature universal testing machine.
(2) diaphragm sample stands 5min in 55 DEG C of high/low temperature universal testing machine, then uses high/low temperature universal testing machine
Ball-type pressure head presses the dry abrasive paper on upper layer, until Insulation Resistance Tester alarm, records pressure value at this time, retest 5
The puncture strength value of test specimen, and its average value is taken, experimental result such as table 1, wherein ball-type pressure head diameter is 2cm, high/low temperature
Universal testing machine compression speed is 0.02mm/min, and Insulation Resistance Tester voltage is set as 10V, and resistance is set as 0.1M Ω.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment tests the low temperature puncture strength for the polypropylene dry method ceramic diaphragm that thickness is 25 μm, coating thickness
For 2.5 μ ms 2, the puncture strength that test process septation is heated in battery, concrete operations step are tested in simulated battery heating test
It is rapid as follows：
(1) the diaphragm sample of 100mm × 100mm is placed between two dry abrasive papers up and down of a diameter of 60mm, wherein
The sand grains of sand paper is the chromium carbide of 30 μm of grain sizes, and conducting wire is bonded in two dry abrasive paper sand grains faces to be connected with Insulation Resistance Tester
It connects, then two dry abrasive papers and diaphragm sample is placed in together on the test platform in high/low temperature universal testing machine, insulated electro
Resistance tester is placed in outside high/low temperature universal testing machine.
(2) diaphragm sample stands 30min in 130 DEG C of high/low temperature universal testing machine, then uses high/low temperature universal test
Machine ball-type pressure head presses the dry abrasive paper on upper layer, until Insulation Resistance Tester alarm, records pressure value at this time, retest 5
The puncture strength value of a polypropylene dry method ceramic diaphragm sample, and its average value is taken, experimental result such as table 1, wherein ball-type pressure head
A diameter of 1.5cm, high/low temperature universal testing machine compression speed are 0.01mm/min, and Insulation Resistance Tester voltage is set as
100V, resistance are set as 0.1M Ω.
Embodiment 6
The test method of lithium ion battery separator puncture resistant ability provided in this embodiment the difference from example 2 is that：
Titanium carbide sand grains grain size is 100 μm.
Embodiment 7
The test method of lithium ion battery separator puncture resistant ability provided in this embodiment the difference from example 2 is that：
Diaphragm sample stands 1min in 25 DEG C of high/low temperature universal testing machine.
Embodiment 8
The characterizing method of lithium ion battery separator puncture resistant ability provided in this embodiment the difference from example 2 is that：
Insulation Resistance Tester voltage is set as 1000V, and resistance is set as 0.01M Ω.
The puncture strength of diaphragm under various circumstances in 1 embodiment 2~8 of table
It in summary it can be seen, using the test method of the present invention, the actual environment residing for simulated battery septation of the present invention
And state, cell lamination pattern is simulated with the mode of the two pieces of electrode plate being overlapped centre sandwiched diaphragms, with high/low temperature universal test
The temperature residing for internal temperature simulated battery actual fabrication and use process septation set by machine, with the sand of electrode plate surface
Burr, Li dendrite or the foreign particles on granulosa simulation electrode surface more objectively test diaphragm in electricity to the diapirism of diaphragm
The ability that resistance to electrode particle or foreign particles pierce through in pond, short circuit can be occurred with battery by more fully assessing the puncture of diaphragm
Actual probabilities, preferably predict diaphragm security reliability in the battery.
Foregoing description is only the description to section Example of the present invention, not to any restriction of the scope of the invention, one's own profession
The those of ordinary skill of industry can make above-described embodiment according to the present invention and improve or modify, but belong to present invention protection model
It encloses.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of test method of battery diaphragm puncture resistant ability, which is characterized in that the method is：
Diaphragm sample is placed between two electrode plates and forms test block, the surface band of a wherein at least electrode plate is jagged
Face, for the burr bread containing several conductive hard particles for protruding from the electrode plate surface, the diaphragm sample corresponds to contact institute
Burr face is stated, two electrode plate is respectively and electrically connected to the both ends of Insulation Resistance Tester；
The test block, which is positioned over one, to increase by two blocks of electricity by external force in the environment of simulated battery internal conditions
The pressure of the mutual forward extrusion of pole plate records this when the Insulation Resistance Tester measures two electrode plate short circuit of the test block
When pressure value, which is puncture resistant ability for characterizing the diaphragm sample.
2. test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that two electrode plate is respectively sand paper, described
Sand paper includes body paper and the sand grains layer being covered on body paper, and the sand grains layer constitutes the burr face, the sand of the sand grains layer
Grain is conductive hard alloy particle, and the sand paper is connect with its sand grains layer extraction wire with Insulation Resistance Tester respectively.
3. test method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the sand grains of the sand grains layer is selected from tungsten carbide, carbon
Change one or more conductive hard alloy particles in titanium, titanium nitride and chromium carbide.
4. test method according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the sand grains grain size of the sand grains layer is 5~100 μ
m。
5. test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in the edge of the diaphragm sample is stretched out
The region of two electrode plates overlapping.
6. test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ring for capableing of simulated battery internal conditions
Border is provided by high/low temperature universal testing machine, and the external force is provided by the ball-type pressure head of the high/low temperature universal testing machine.
7. test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the voltage set range of the Insulation Resistance Tester
For 10~250V, ranging from 0.1~0.5M Ω are arranged in resistance.
8. a kind of test method of battery diaphragm puncture resistant ability, this method comprises the following steps：
S1：Assembling test part：It intercepts between a piece of diaphragm sample is placed in two electrode plates of stacking and forms test block；Wherein at least
The one side of one piece of electrode plate is equipped with burr face, and the burr bread is containing several conductive hard for protruding from the electrode plate surface
Particle, the diaphragm sample, which corresponds to, contacts the burr face；
S2:The test block is connect with Insulation Resistance Tester：Two electrode plate is connected to insulated electro with conducting wire respectively
Hinder the both ends of tester；
S3:It is tested in simulated environment：The environment temperature in high/low temperature universal testing machine is set, the test block is lain against into height
In low temperature universal testing machine, 5min or more is stood, then presses the test using the pressure head of the high/low temperature universal testing machine
The electrode plate on part upper layer；When short-circuit between two electrode plates that the Insulation Resistance Tester measures the test block, the pressure at this time is recorded
It is to characterize the anti-puncture ability of the diaphragm sample under specific temperature that head, which presses the pressure value of the test block, this pressure value,.
9. a kind of test for battery diaphragm puncture resistant aptitude tests combines the unit, which is characterized in that including：
Test block, including two electrode plates and the diaphragm sample being located between two electrode plate, two electrode plate pair
Should the one side of diaphragm sample be equipped with sand grains layer, the sand grains of the sand grains layer is conductive hard particles；
Two electrode plates of the test block are electrically connected in Insulation Resistance Tester；
High/low temperature universal testing machine can set its internal environment temperature, test is equipped in the high/low temperature universal testing machine
Platform and pressure head, the test platform provide the position that the test block is kept flat, and the pressure head is used for the test block with pre- constant speed
Degree is pressed, and when short-circuit between measuring two electrode plates of the test block when the Insulation Resistance Tester, records the pressure at this time
It is to characterize the anti-puncture ability of the diaphragm sample under specific temperature that head, which presses the pressure value of the test block, this pressure value,.
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