CN108624360A - A kind of gasification furnace and coal gasification method - Google Patents
A kind of gasification furnace and coal gasification method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108624360A CN108624360A CN201810503607.XA CN201810503607A CN108624360A CN 108624360 A CN108624360 A CN 108624360A CN 201810503607 A CN201810503607 A CN 201810503607A CN 108624360 A CN108624360 A CN 108624360A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- reaction chamber
- coal gasification
- coal
- methanation
- gasification
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 156
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical group [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052915 alkaline earth metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/08—Production of synthetic natural gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/164—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with conversion of synthesis gas
- C10J2300/1656—Conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals
- C10J2300/1662—Conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals to methane
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to Coal Gasification Technology field more particularly to a kind of gasification furnaces and coal gasification method.Need not carry out purification separation to raw gas can carry out methanation reaction, reduce energy consumption while improving methane content, while can also avoid the slagging of distribution grid area.The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of gasification furnace, including：Furnace body, space is vertically arranged with tubular structure, the second chamber that space in furnace body is divided into first chamber and be looped around around the first chamber by the tubular structure in the furnace body；It is coal gasification reaction room one of in the first chamber and the second chamber, for making coal that coal gasification reaction occur, another is methanation reaction room, and the methanation reaction room makes carbon monoxide and hydrogen that methanation reaction occur for filling methanation catalyst；The tubular structure be equipped with the raw gas that allows the coal gasification reaction to generate by gas connection mouth.The embodiment of the present invention is used for gasifier system methane.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal gasification, in particular to a gasification furnace and a coal gasification method.
Background
The catalytic gasification technology is an important mode for clean and efficient utilization of coal, and the coal gasification technology is a technology for introducing coal and a gasification agent into a gasification furnace and carrying out coal gasification reaction at high temperature and high pressure to obtain a byproduct of methane.
In the prior art, raw gas generated by coal gasification reaction is purified and separated to obtain methane-rich purified gas, the methane-rich purified gas is subjected to cryogenic separation to obtain carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and in order to further increase the methane yield, the obtained carbon monoxide and hydrogen are usually mixed with water vapor as circulating gas and are introduced into a gasification furnace through a gas distribution plate to perform methanation reaction. However, in this process, on the one hand, a large amount of energy is required to separate carbon monoxide and hydrogen and return them to the gasification furnace, and energy utilization efficiency is low. On the other hand, when a large amount of carbon monoxide and hydrogen return to the furnace, the carbon monoxide and the hydrogen are violently combusted at the gas distribution plate, so that the local high temperature of the gas distribution plate area is caused to cause slag bonding, and the device cannot continuously and stably operate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a gasification furnace and a coal gasification method, which can perform methanation reaction without purifying and separating raw coal gas, improve the content of methane, reduce energy consumption and avoid slagging in a distribution plate area.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a gasification furnace, including:
the furnace comprises a furnace body, wherein a cylindrical structure is vertically arranged in the space in the furnace body, and divides the space in the furnace body into a first chamber and a second chamber surrounding the first chamber;
one of the first cavity and the second cavity is a coal gasification reaction chamber used for enabling coal to generate coal gasification reaction, and the other cavity is a methanation reaction chamber used for filling methanation catalyst to enable carbon monoxide and hydrogen to generate methanation reaction;
and the cylindrical structure is provided with a gas communication port for allowing crude gas generated by the coal gasification reaction to pass through.
Optionally, the coal gasification reaction chamber is in a fluidized bed form, and the methanation reaction chamber is in a fixed bed form.
Optionally, the first chamber is a coal gasification reaction chamber, and the second chamber is a methanation reaction chamber.
Optionally, the bottom of coal gasification reaction chamber is equipped with gas distribution plate, gas distribution plate with synthetic gas chamber is enclosed to the casing, just gas distribution plate's below is connected with and runs through the scum pipe of furnace body.
Optionally, an expansion section is arranged at a position of the coal gasification reaction chamber close to the top, and the gas communication port is opened on a side wall of the cylindrical structure corresponding to the expansion section.
Optionally, the methanation reaction chamber is further provided with a gas outlet communicated with the outside, and the gas outlet is arranged on the side wall of the gasification furnace close to the bottom.
Optionally, the methanation reaction chamber is further provided with a catalyst inlet and a catalyst outlet which are respectively communicated with the outside, the catalyst inlet is arranged on the side wall of the gasification furnace close to the top, and the catalyst outlet is arranged on the side wall of the gasification furnace close to the bottom.
Optionally, the furnace body includes a casing and a heat insulation layer arranged around the inner side of the casing.
Optionally, the insulating layer is a refractory material layer poured on the inner surface of the shell, or,
the heat-insulating layer is a refractory brick layer built on the inner surface of the shell; or,
the heat-insulating layer comprises a refractory material layer poured on the inner surface of the shell and a refractory brick layer built on the inner surface of the refractory material layer; or,
the heat-insulating layer comprises a refractory brick layer built on the inner surface of the shell and a refractory material layer poured on the inner surface of the refractory brick layer.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a coal gasification method, including:
filling a methanation catalyst into a methanation reaction chamber;
introducing coal and a gasifying agent into a coal gasification reaction chamber, so that the coal is subjected to a gasification reaction in the coal gasification reaction chamber;
and the raw gas generated by the coal gasification reaction enters the methanation reaction chamber through the gas communication port, and carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the raw gas are subjected to methanation reaction to generate methane-rich raw gas.
Optionally, the methanation catalyst is a molybdenum-based catalyst.
Optionally, the support of the molybdenum-based catalyst is alumina, titania, cobalt oxide or zirconia.
Optionally, the gasifying agent is supersaturated steam with the temperature of 700-850 ℃, or mixed gas of the supersaturated steam and oxygen with the temperature of 500-700 ℃.
Optionally, when the gasifying agent is a mixed gas of supersaturated steam and oxygen with the temperature of 500-700 ℃, the concentration of the oxygen is not higher than 30%.
Optionally, the temperature of the coal gasification reaction is 600-800 ℃, and the pressure is 1-5 MPa.
The embodiment of the invention provides a gas distributor and a gasification furnace, a cylindrical structure is vertically arranged in the space in a furnace body to divide the space in the furnace body into a first chamber and a second chamber surrounding the first chamber, because one of the first cavity and the second cavity is a coal gasification reaction chamber and the other one is a methanation reaction chamber, by filling the methanation reaction chamber with a methanation catalyst, when coal and gasifying agent are fed into the coal gasification reaction chamber to enable the coal to generate coal gasification reaction, on one hand, heat generated by the coal gasification reaction chamber can be transferred to the methanation reaction chamber through the cylindrical structure without additionally heating the methanation reaction chamber, on the other hand, crude coal gas can enter the methanation reaction chamber through the gas communication port, and carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the raw gas entering the methanation reaction chamber can perform methanation reaction under the catalytic action of a methanation catalyst. Therefore, the coal gasification reaction chamber and the methanation reaction chamber are coupled in the gasifier, the methanation reaction can be directly carried out without purifying and separating the raw coal gas, the methane content can be improved, the energy consumption can be reduced, and simultaneously, a large amount of carbon monoxide and hydrogen can be prevented from being introduced into the distribution plate area together with steam, so that the local temperature of the distribution plate area is too high and slagging is caused.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gasification furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a coal gasification method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a gasification furnace, see fig. 1, including: the furnace comprises a furnace body 1, wherein a cylindrical structure 2 is vertically arranged in the space in the furnace body 1, and the cylindrical structure 2 divides the space in the furnace body 1 into a first chamber A and a second chamber B surrounding the first chamber A; one of the first cavity A and the second cavity B is a coal gasification reaction chamber for enabling coal to generate coal gasification reaction, and the other one is a methanation reaction chamber for filling methanation catalyst to enable carbon monoxide and hydrogen to generate methanation reaction; the cylindrical structure 2 is provided with a gas communication port a for allowing the raw gas generated by the coal gasification reaction to pass through.
The embodiment of the invention provides a gasification furnace, a cylindrical structure 2 is vertically arranged in a furnace body 1 to divide the space in the furnace body 1 into a first chamber A and a second chamber B surrounding the first chamber A, because one of the first cavity A and the second cavity B is a coal gasification reaction chamber, and the other one is a methanation reaction chamber, by filling methanation catalyst into the methanation reaction chamber, when coal and gasifying agent are fed into the coal gasification reaction chamber to enable the coal to generate coal gasification reaction, on one hand, heat generated by the coal gasification reaction chamber can be transferred to the methanation reaction chamber through the cylindrical structure 2 without additionally heating the methanation reaction chamber, on the other hand, crude coal gas can enter the methanation reaction chamber through the gas communication port a, and carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the raw gas entering the methanation reaction chamber can perform methanation reaction under the catalytic action of a methanation catalyst. Therefore, the coal gasification reaction chamber and the methanation reaction chamber are coupled in the gasifier, the methanation reaction can be directly carried out without purifying and separating the raw coal gas, the methane content can be improved, the energy consumption can be reduced, and simultaneously, a large amount of carbon monoxide and hydrogen can be prevented from being introduced into the distribution plate area together with steam, so that the local temperature of the distribution plate area is too high and slagging is caused.
The material of the cylindrical structure 2 may be a metal material with a high heat transfer coefficient. Such as carbon steel, stainless steel, austenitic heat resistant alloys, and the like. Illustratively, the stainless steel may be 304 stainless steel or 316L stainless steel, and the austenitic heat resistant alloy may be austenitic heat resistant steel.
The coal gasification reaction chamber can adopt a fluidized bed form or a fixed bed form, and the methanation reaction chamber can adopt a fixed bed form or a fluidized bed or moving bed form.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the coal gasification reaction chamber is in the form of a fluidized bed, and the methanation reaction chamber is in the form of a fixed bed.
Fluidized bed refers to the suspension of a large number of solid particles in a moving fluid, such that the particles have certain apparent characteristics of the fluid. This state of flow-solid contact is referred to as solid fluidization, i.e. fluidized bed.
Fixed beds, also known as packed bed reactors, are reactors packed with solid catalysts or solid reactants to achieve a heterogeneous reaction process. The solids are usually in granular form and are packed in a bed of a certain height (or thickness). The bed is stationary and the fluid is passed through the bed for reaction. It differs from fluidized bed reactors and moving bed reactors in that the solid particles are in a quiescent state.
Therefore, the coal entering the coal gasification reaction chamber can be fully contacted with the gasification agent introduced into the coal gasification reaction chamber, and the methanation catalyst is filled in the methanation reaction chamber, so that the raw coal gas generated by the coal gasification reaction can enter the methanation reaction chamber through the gas communication port a under the fluidization action of the gasification agent, and can be subjected to methanation reaction with the methanation catalyst filled in the methanation reaction chamber, thereby realizing the recycling of the methanation catalyst, and simultaneously, the heat carried by the raw coal gas generated by the coal gasification reaction can be fully utilized.
The first chamber a may be a coal gasification reaction chamber, or a methanation reaction chamber, which is not limited herein.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first chamber a is a coal gasification reaction chamber, and the second chamber B is a methanation reaction chamber. In this configuration, by providing a pipe 3 penetrating the furnace body 1 and the tubular structure 2 on the side wall of the gasification furnace, a coal inlet b and a gasifying agent inlet can be formed in the gasification reaction chamber, and introduction of coal and a gasifying agent can be realized. Meanwhile, when the coal gasification reaction chamber is in a fluidized bed form, the gas distribution plate is arranged at the bottom of the coal gasification reaction chamber, and the slag discharge pipe penetrating through the furnace body 1 is connected below the gas distribution plate, so that the introduction of a gasification agent and the slag discharge of ash generated by coal gasification reaction can be realized, and the structure of the coal gasification reaction chamber is similar to that of the existing gasification furnace.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a gas distribution plate 4 is disposed at the bottom of the coal gasification reaction chamber, a syngas chamber 5 is enclosed by the gas distribution plate 4 and the furnace body 1, and a slag discharge pipe 6 penetrating the furnace body 1 is connected below the gas distribution plate 4.
In the embodiment of the invention, a gasification agent is introduced into the gas chamber 5, the gasification agent is distributed above the gas distribution plate 4 through the gas distribution plate 4, and generates a coal gasification reaction with coal entering the coal gasification reaction chamber, crude coal gas generated by the coal gasification reaction moves upwards under the fluidization action of the gasification agent, and ash generated by the coal gasification reaction is discharged through a slag discharge pipe 6 below the gas distribution plate 4.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the coal gasification reaction chamber is provided with an enlarged section near the top, and the gas communication port a is opened on the side wall of the cylindrical structure 2 corresponding to the enlarged section.
In the embodiment of the invention, the expansion section is arranged at the position, close to the top, of the coal gasification reaction chamber, so that the speed of the raw coal gas generated by the coal gasification reaction is reduced after the raw coal gas moves upwards to the top, and dust can be prevented from being brought out of the methanation reaction chamber by the raw coal gas.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the methanation reaction chamber is further provided with a gas outlet c communicated with the outside, and the gas outlet c is arranged on the sidewall of the gasification furnace near the bottom.
In the embodiment of the present invention, since the gas outlet c is disposed on the sidewall of the gasification furnace near the bottom, when the gas communication port a is disposed on the sidewall of the cylindrical structure 2 near the top of the coal gasification reaction chamber, the contact area between the raw gas and the catalyst can be increased, so that the carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the raw gas can sufficiently contact with the methanation catalyst to generate methane-rich raw gas, and the methane-rich raw gas is discharged from the gas outlet c.
In practical application, the methanation catalyst in the methanation reaction chamber can be added before the gasification furnace is started, and whether the methanation catalyst is replaced or not is judged according to the catalytic activity of the catalyst after the methanation catalyst is used for a certain time.
Therefore, preferably, the methanation reaction chamber is further provided with a catalyst inlet d and a catalyst outlet e which are respectively communicated with the outside, the catalyst inlet d is arranged on the side wall of the gasification furnace close to the top, and the catalyst outlet e is arranged on the side wall of the gasification furnace close to the bottom. In this structure, an inclined pipe 7 may be provided on the sidewall of the gasification furnace to penetrate through the furnace body 1 to form the catalyst inlet d and the catalyst outlet e on the methanation reaction chamber, and a charging valve and a discharging valve may be provided at the catalyst inlet d and the catalyst outlet e, respectively, to replace the methanation catalyst. Specifically, after gasifier overhaul is accomplished, before the start-up, only need open the charge valve that sets up in catalyst import d department can add methanation catalyst under the action of gravity in the methanation reaction chamber, and when next gasifier overhaul (usually be a year), perhaps when needing to change methanation catalyst, open the row's valve that sets up in catalyst export e department and can realize the discharge of methanation catalyst under the action of gravity, then open the charge valve that sets up in catalyst import d department and can realize the joining of fresh methanation catalyst under the action of gravity.
Wherein, the inclined pipeline 7 penetrating through the furnace body 1 can be connected with the gasification furnace flange, thereby being convenient for replacement and maintenance.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the furnace body 1 includes a shell 11, and an insulating layer 12 disposed around the inner side of the shell 11. By providing the heat insulating layer 12, heat can be stably maintained in the gasification furnace, and the heat generated by the coal gasification reaction can be sufficiently utilized.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the insulating layer 12 is a refractory material layer poured on the inner surface of the shell 11, or the insulating layer 12 is a refractory brick layer built on the inner surface of the shell 11; or, the insulating layer 12 comprises a refractory material layer poured on the inner surface of the shell 11 and a refractory brick layer built on the inner surface of the refractory material layer; alternatively, the insulating layer 12 includes a refractory brick layer laid on the inner surface of the shell 11 and a refractory material layer poured on the inner surface of the refractory brick layer.
Wherein the refractory material layer can be alkaline earth metal silicate, corundum, etc.
The housing 11 may be made of a metal material, preferably carbon steel. The carbon steel is iron-carbon alloy with carbon content of 0.0218% -2.11%. Generally, the higher the carbon content in the carbon steel, the higher the hardness and the higher the strength, and the method is suitable for equipment with higher requirements on mechanical properties.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a coal gasification method, see fig. 2, including:
step 1) filling a methanation catalyst into a methanation reaction chamber; step 2) introducing coal and a gasifying agent into a coal gasification reaction chamber to enable the coal to generate gasification reaction in the coal gasification reaction chamber; and 3) allowing the raw gas generated by the coal gasification reaction to enter the methanation reaction chamber through the gas communication port, and performing methanation reaction on carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the raw gas to generate methane-rich raw gas.
The embodiment of the invention provides a coal gasification method, a cylindrical structure is vertically arranged in a furnace body space, the furnace body space is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber surrounding the first chamber, because one of the first cavity and the second cavity is a coal gasification reaction chamber and the other one is a methanation reaction chamber, by filling the methanation reaction chamber with a methanation catalyst, when coal and gasifying agent are fed into the coal gasification reaction chamber to enable the coal to generate coal gasification reaction, on one hand, heat generated by the coal gasification reaction chamber can be transferred to the methanation reaction chamber through the cylindrical structure without additionally heating the methanation reaction chamber, on the other hand, crude coal gas can enter the methanation reaction chamber through the gas communication port, and carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the raw gas entering the methanation reaction chamber can perform methanation reaction under the catalytic action of a methanation catalyst. Therefore, the coal gasification reaction chamber and the methanation reaction chamber are coupled in the gasifier, the methanation reaction can be directly carried out without purifying and separating the raw coal gas, the methane content can be improved, the energy consumption can be reduced, and simultaneously, a large amount of carbon monoxide and hydrogen can be prevented from being introduced into the distribution plate area together with steam, so that the local temperature of the distribution plate area is too high and slagging is caused.
The specific type of the methanation catalyst is not limited, and the methanation catalyst may be a nickel-based catalyst, or a molybdenum-based catalyst.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the methanation catalyst is a molybdenum-based catalyst. The molybdenum-based catalyst has various effects of sulfur resistance, carbon evolution resistance, transformation, methanation and the like, the requirement on the components of the raw material gas is reduced, fine desulfurization and pre-transformation before reaction are not needed, and sulfide poisoning can be avoided, so that the catalytic activity of the methanation catalyst can be ensured, and the replacement frequency of the methanation catalyst can be reduced.
Wherein, the carrier of the molybdenum-based catalyst can be alumina, titania, cobalt oxide or zirconia.
It was found through experiments that the thermal stability of the molybdenum-based catalyst supported on zirconia was optimal. Therefore, it is preferable that the support of the molybdenum-based catalyst is zirconia.
The coal may be raw coal or coal loaded with a catalyst, and is not limited herein.
The temperature and pressure of the coal gasification reaction are not limited as long as the coal and the gasifying agent can be gasified.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the coal gasification reaction is 600-. Can make coal gasification reaction take place for coal gasification agent, simultaneously, can also transmit the heat that coal gasification reaction produced for in the methanation reaction chamber through this tubular structure, need not carry out the additional heating to the methanation reaction chamber.
Further preferably, the temperature of the coal gasification reaction is 700-800 ℃, and the pressure is 2-4 MPa.
The type and temperature of the gasifying agent are not limited, and in practical application, the gasifying agent is usually water vapor and/or oxygen. The temperature of the gasifying agent can be reasonably set according to the temperature required by the coal gasification reaction.
In one embodiment of the invention, the gasifying agent is supersaturated steam with the temperature of 700-850 ℃, or mixed gas of supersaturated steam and oxygen with the temperature of 500-700 ℃. Can provide enough heat for the coal gasification reaction.
In order to avoid slag bonding caused by over-high oxygen concentration and over-high local temperature in the gasification furnace, it is preferable that the oxygen concentration is not higher than 30% when the gasification agent is a mixed gas of supersaturated steam and oxygen with the temperature of 500-700 ℃.
Preferably, the concentration of oxygen is between 10% and 20%.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. A gasification furnace, comprising:
the furnace comprises a furnace body, wherein a cylindrical structure is vertically arranged in the space in the furnace body, and divides the space in the furnace body into a first chamber and a second chamber surrounding the first chamber;
one of the first cavity and the second cavity is a coal gasification reaction chamber used for enabling coal to generate coal gasification reaction, and the other cavity is a methanation reaction chamber used for filling methanation catalyst to enable carbon monoxide and hydrogen to generate methanation reaction;
and the cylindrical structure is provided with a gas communication port for allowing crude gas generated by the coal gasification reaction to pass through.
2. The gasification furnace according to claim 1,
the coal gasification reaction chamber is in a fluidized bed form, and the methanation reaction chamber is in a fixed bed form.
3. The gasification furnace according to claim 1 or 2,
the first cavity is a coal gasification reaction chamber, and the second cavity is a methanation reaction chamber.
4. The gasification furnace according to claim 3,
the bottom of coal gasification reaction chamber is equipped with gas distribution plate, gas distribution plate with synthetic gas chamber is enclosed to the casing, just gas distribution plate's below is connected with and runs through the scum pipe of furnace body.
5. The gasification furnace according to claim 3,
an expansion section is arranged at the position, close to the top, of the coal gasification reaction chamber, and the gas communication opening is formed in the side wall, corresponding to the expansion section, of the cylindrical structure.
6. The gasification furnace according to claim 3,
the methanation reaction chamber is further provided with a gas outlet communicated with the outside, and the gas outlet is arranged on the side wall of the gasification furnace close to the bottom.
7. The gasification furnace according to claim 3,
the methanation reaction chamber is further provided with a catalyst inlet and a catalyst outlet which are respectively communicated with the outside, the catalyst inlet is arranged on the side wall of the gasification furnace close to the top, and the catalyst outlet is arranged on the side wall of the gasification furnace close to the bottom.
8. The gasification furnace according to claim 1,
the furnace body comprises a shell and a heat preservation layer arranged on the periphery of the inner side of the shell.
9. The gasification furnace according to claim 8,
the heat-insulating layer is a refractory material layer poured on the inner surface of the shell, or,
the heat-insulating layer is a refractory brick layer built on the inner surface of the shell; or,
the heat-insulating layer comprises a refractory material layer poured on the inner surface of the shell and a refractory brick layer built on the inner surface of the refractory material layer; or,
the heat-insulating layer comprises a refractory brick layer built on the inner surface of the shell and a refractory material layer poured on the inner surface of the refractory brick layer.
10. A method of coal gasification, comprising:
filling a methanation catalyst into a methanation reaction chamber;
introducing coal and a gasifying agent into a coal gasification reaction chamber, so that the coal is subjected to a gasification reaction in the coal gasification reaction chamber;
and the raw gas generated by the coal gasification reaction enters the methanation reaction chamber through the gas communication port, and carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the raw gas are subjected to methanation reaction to generate methane-rich raw gas.
11. The coal gasification method according to claim 10,
the methanation catalyst is a molybdenum-based catalyst.
12. The coal gasification method according to claim 11,
the carrier of the molybdenum-based catalyst is alumina, titania, cobalt oxide or zirconia.
13. The coal gasification method according to claim 10,
the gasifying agent is supersaturated steam with the temperature of 700-850 ℃, or mixed gas of the supersaturated steam and oxygen with the temperature of 500-700 ℃.
14. The coal gasification method according to claim 13,
when the gasifying agent is a mixed gas of supersaturated steam and oxygen with the temperature of 500-700 ℃, the concentration of the oxygen is not higher than 30 percent.
15. The coal gasification method according to claim 10,
the temperature of the coal gasification reaction is 600-800 ℃, and the pressure is 1-5 MPa.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810503607.XA CN108624360A (en) | 2018-05-23 | 2018-05-23 | A kind of gasification furnace and coal gasification method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810503607.XA CN108624360A (en) | 2018-05-23 | 2018-05-23 | A kind of gasification furnace and coal gasification method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108624360A true CN108624360A (en) | 2018-10-09 |
Family
ID=63690159
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810503607.XA Pending CN108624360A (en) | 2018-05-23 | 2018-05-23 | A kind of gasification furnace and coal gasification method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108624360A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113845951A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2021-12-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Device and method for preparing methane by coal one-step method |
| CN115216347A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-21 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Fluidized bed gasification and fixed bed methanation coupling system and method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105349184A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-02-24 | 浙江大学 | Compound furnace catalysis vaporization device and method |
| CN106520210A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-03-22 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Gasifier, catalytic gasification system and catalytic gasification process |
-
2018
- 2018-05-23 CN CN201810503607.XA patent/CN108624360A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105349184A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-02-24 | 浙江大学 | Compound furnace catalysis vaporization device and method |
| CN106520210A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-03-22 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Gasifier, catalytic gasification system and catalytic gasification process |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113845951A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2021-12-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Device and method for preparing methane by coal one-step method |
| CN115216347A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-21 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Fluidized bed gasification and fixed bed methanation coupling system and method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US10077407B2 (en) | Method and system for recycling carbon dioxide from biomass gasification | |
| US4541841A (en) | Method for converting carbon-containing raw material into a combustible product gas | |
| TWI692440B (en) | A catalyst and process for catalytic gasification of carbonaceous feedstock | |
| WO2011029285A1 (en) | Multi-layer fluidized bed gasifier | |
| WO2011029282A1 (en) | Method for preparing methane-containing gas through multi-region coal gasification and gasification furnace thereof | |
| CN101880552A (en) | Gasification device and method for preparing hydrogen-rich synthetic gas from biomass | |
| KR101458872B1 (en) | Chemical looping combustion method and apparatus for solid fuels using different oxygen carriers | |
| CN106590761B (en) | Fluidized bed reaction device and reaction method for preparing methane-rich synthesis gas through catalytic coal gasification | |
| CN102465047A (en) | Method for preparing methane by catalyzing and gasifying coal | |
| CN102807901B (en) | Biomass gasification catalytic cracking process and integral gasification catalytic reactor | |
| CN106220461A (en) | A kind of device and method directly preparing methane based on coal chemistry chain gasification | |
| CN102277200A (en) | Method for preparing coal gas by virtue of pulverized coal grading gasification | |
| KR101401472B1 (en) | Two-stage biomass gasifier having nickel distributor plate and biomass gasifier apparatus having the same | |
| CN108946661B (en) | Method and system for preparing hydrogen through biomass gasification | |
| CN104498117B (en) | The method and apparatus of carbon raw material methane-rich gas | |
| CN102021038B (en) | Multilayer fluidized bed gasification furnace for preparing methane-rich gas by coal gasification | |
| CN108624360A (en) | A kind of gasification furnace and coal gasification method | |
| CN103571510B (en) | Powder coal dry distillation method and device | |
| JP3594898B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for utilizing smelting reduction furnace gas | |
| CN104910969A (en) | Novel brown coal gasification system and method | |
| CN109181771B (en) | Coal catalytic gasification method and coal catalytic gasification device | |
| CN107163989A (en) | A kind of high temperature contains tar/hydrocarbon raw material gas methanation process | |
| CN102399595B (en) | Multilayer fluidized bed gasification furnace | |
| CN107267218A (en) | The method and system of solid fuel pyrolysis gasification | |
| KR102255606B1 (en) | Methane gas manufacturing system including methanation system and gasification system using renewable energy and methane gas manufacturing method using the same |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20181009 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |