CN108624341B - Biomass gasification and anaerobic fermentation composite fuel ethanol production system - Google Patents
Biomass gasification and anaerobic fermentation composite fuel ethanol production system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108624341B CN108624341B CN201710182642.1A CN201710182642A CN108624341B CN 108624341 B CN108624341 B CN 108624341B CN 201710182642 A CN201710182642 A CN 201710182642A CN 108624341 B CN108624341 B CN 108624341B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/08—Production of synthetic natural gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
- C12M41/18—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes
- C12M41/20—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes the heat transfer medium being a gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M43/00—Combinations of bioreactors or fermenters with other apparatus
- C12M43/02—Bioreactors or fermenters combined with devices for liquid fuel extraction; Biorefineries
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/02—Combustion or pyrolysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/04—Gasification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/26—Composting, fermenting or anaerobic digestion fuel components or materials from which fuels are prepared
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
The invention relates to a fuel ethanol production system combining biomass gasification and anaerobic fermentation. The system comprises a biomass gasification furnace, a gasified gas condensing tower, a temperature adjusting water tank, a deoxygenation tank, a gas storage cabinet, a rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter, an ethanol condenser and a cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger, wherein the whole system electrical equipment is controlled by a PLC system; the biomass gasification furnace is connected with the deoxidizing tank through a gasified gas condensing tower, and the temperature adjusting water tank is respectively connected with a cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger I of the gasified gas condensing tower and a cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger II of the rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter; the deoxygenation tank is connected with the rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter and the ethanol condenser in sequence through the gas storage cabinet, and the other branch of the gas storage cabinet is directly connected with the ethanol condenser.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the field of energy utilization of biomass wastes, and relates to a system for producing fuel ethanol by combining pyrolysis gasification and anaerobic fermentation of wood fiber raw materials, utilizing heat energy of the pyrolysis gasification and a designed gasified gas fermentation device. More particularly, the invention relates to a fuel ethanol production system combining biomass gasification and anaerobic fermentation.
Background art:
the wood fiber organic waste is used as agricultural waste with huge yield in China, and faces the technical problems of reasonable, rapid and resource utilization. The current energy utilization technology for the wood fiber raw material mainly comprises solidification molding, pyrolysis gasification, methane fermentation and ethanol production, and the technologies have certain defects under different conditions, such as high solidification molding energy consumption, low heat value of pyrolysis gasification gas, slow methane fermentation treatment, high ethanol fermentation cost and the like. Therefore, the technology is reasonably integrated and innovated, the wood fiber energy conversion efficiency is improved, the energy consumption and the cost in the treatment process are reduced, the method is an effective way for solving the problems of biomass waste disposal and clean energy utilization in some areas, and has certain practical significance.
The invention content is as follows:
aiming at the problems, the invention realizes the combination of efficient heat utilization in the biomass gasification process and fuel ethanol production by gasified gas fermentation based on the advantages of high efficiency in the biomass pyrolysis gasification process and high value of the fuel ethanol, and provides a fuel ethanol production system combining biomass gasification and anaerobic fermentation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that a biomass gasification pyrolysis system and an ethanol fermentation and purification device are combined to form a high-efficiency and energy-saving heat cycle heating and gas cycle fermentation composite system, so that the purposes of an ethanol fermentation system and fuel ethanol production are achieved.
A biomass gasification and anaerobic fermentation combined fuel ethanol production system comprises a biomass gasification furnace, a gasified gas condensation tower, a temperature adjusting water tank, a deoxygenation tank, a gas storage cabinet, a rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter, an ethanol condenser and a cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger, wherein the whole electrical equipment of the system is controlled by a PLC system;
the biomass gasification furnace is connected with the deoxidizing tank through a gasified gas condensing tower, and the temperature adjusting water tank is respectively connected with a cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger I of the gasified gas condensing tower and a cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger II of the rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter; the deoxygenation tank is sequentially connected with the rotary disc type gasification gas fermenter and the ethanol condenser through a gas storage cabinet, and the other branch of the gas storage cabinet is directly connected with the ethanol condenser;
a gas circulating pump I is arranged between the gas storage cabinet and the rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter, and a gas circulating pump II is arranged between the ethanol condenser and the gas storage cabinet; temperature sensors are arranged on the gasified gas condensing tower, the rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter and the temperature adjusting water tank, and the PLC control system controls the electric water pump to adjust the temperature through the temperature values of the temperature sensors.
Hot water in a cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger I on the outer layer of the gasified gas condensation tower is input into a temperature adjusting water tank through an electric water pump III, and the temperature adjusting water tank inputs the hot water into an outer sleeve heat-insulating cylinder sleeve of the rotary disc type gasified gas fermentation device through an electric water pump II; so as to realize the heat exchange of the gasified gas and the temperature increase and preservation of the rotary disc type gasified gas fermentation device;
the PLC control system adjusts the temperature through an electric water pump according to temperature values of a temperature sensor I on the rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter, a temperature sensor II on the temperature adjusting water tank and a temperature sensor III on the gasified gas condensing tower, the temperature control range of the temperature sensor I is 33-37 ℃, and the temperature control ranges of the temperature sensor II and the temperature sensor III are 65-75 ℃.
In the rotary disc type gasified gas fermentation device, the fermentation liquid does not exceed 1/2 of the volume of the reactor, the air inlet of the rotary disc type gasified gas fermentation device is positioned above the fermentation liquid level in the fermentation device, and the resin disc material in the fermentation device absorbs and reacts the gasified gas;
the unfermented gas circulated out from the rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter takes away the ethanol gas on the fermentation liquid level, the mixed gas is retained in the ethanol in a liquid state after passing through an ethanol condenser, and the residual gas enters the gas storage cabinet again through a gas circulating pump II for the next round of fermentation circulation.
The resin disc material is made of unsaturated resin and penetrates through a rotating shaft of the rotating disc type gasification gas fermenter; the disc holes are 40 meshes and are uniformly arranged in the fermentor at the interval of 5cm, and the rotating speed of the disc is 30-60 r/min; the culture solution in the gasified gas fermenter is PETC culture medium, and fermentation is performed by Clostridium gordahlii (Clostridium ljungdahili, DSM-13528 strain of DSMZ strain bank).
The temperature in the ethanol condenser is between-22 and-18 ℃, and liquid ethanol is condensed and collected; the temperature range of hot water in the cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger I is 33-37 ℃; and the temperature range of hot water in the cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger II is 65-75 ℃.
PETC medium: NH (NH)4Cl 10g,KCl 0.1g,MgSO4.7H2O 0.2g,NaCl 0.8g,KH2PO40.1g,Ca2Cl.2H220.0mg of O, 1.0g of yeast extract, 10ml of trace elements, 10ml of wolfe trace elements and NaHCO32.0g, 5.0g of fructose, 10ml of reducing agent and 980ml of distilled water.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the invention combines the biomass gasification system and the ethanol fermentation system, can improve the energy utilization efficiency, can properly regulate and control according to the biomass to be treated, has the convenience of operation and the feasibility of application in practical application, and has practicability and economy. And the method provides guarantee for the efficient production of fuel ethanol from wood fiber raw materials.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a rotary disc type gasification gas fermenter.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
as can be seen from fig. 1-2, the invention comprises a biomass gasification furnace, a gasified gas condensing tower, a temperature regulating water tank, a deoxygenation tank, a gas storage cabinet, a rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter, an ethanol condenser and a cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger, wherein the whole electrical equipment of the system is controlled by a PLC system;
the biomass gasification furnace is connected with the deoxidizing tank through a gasified gas condensing tower, and the temperature adjusting water tank is respectively connected with a cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger I of the gasified gas condensing tower and a cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger II of the rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter; the deoxygenation tank is sequentially connected with the rotary disc type gasification gas fermenter and the ethanol condenser through a gas storage cabinet, and the other branch of the gas storage cabinet is directly connected with the ethanol condenser;
a gas circulating pump I is arranged between the gas storage cabinet and the rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter, and a gas circulating pump II is arranged between the ethanol condenser and the gas storage cabinet; temperature sensors are arranged on the gasified gas condensing tower, the rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter and the temperature adjusting water tank, and the PLC control system controls the electric water pump to adjust the temperature through the temperature values of the temperature sensors.
Hot water in a cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger I on the outer layer of the gasified gas condensation tower is input into a temperature adjusting water tank through an electric water pump III, and the temperature adjusting water tank inputs the hot water into an outer sleeve heat-insulating cylinder sleeve of the rotary disc type gasified gas fermentation device through an electric water pump II; so as to realize the heat exchange of the gasified gas and the temperature increase and preservation of the rotary disc type gasified gas fermentation device;
the PLC control system adjusts the temperature through the electric water pump according to the temperature values of a temperature sensor I on the rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter, a temperature sensor II on the temperature adjusting water tank and a temperature sensor III on the gasified gas condensing tower.
In the rotary disc type gasified gas fermentation device, the fermentation liquid does not exceed 1/2 of the volume of the reactor, the air inlet of the rotary disc type gasified gas fermentation device is positioned above the fermentation liquid level in the fermentation device, and the resin disc material in the fermentation device absorbs and reacts the gasified gas;
the unfermented gas circulated out from the rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter takes away the ethanol gas on the fermentation liquid level, the mixed gas is retained in the ethanol in a liquid state after passing through an ethanol condenser, and the residual gas enters the gas storage cabinet again through a gas circulating pump II for the next round of fermentation circulation.
The resin disc material is made of unsaturated resin and penetrates through a rotating shaft of the rotating disc type gasification gas fermenter; the disc holes are 40 meshes and are uniformly arranged in the fermentor at the interval of 5cm, and the rotating speed of the disc is 60 r/min; the culture solution in the gasified gas fermenter is PETC culture medium, and fermentation is performed by Clostridium gordahlii (Clostridium ljungdahili, DSM-13528 strain of DSMZ strain bank).
PETC medium: NH (NH)4Cl 10g,KCl 0.1g,MgSO4.7H2O 0.2g,NaCl 0.8g,KH2PO40.1g,Ca2Cl.2H220.0mg of O, 1.0g of yeast extract, 10ml of trace elements, 10ml of wolfe trace elements and NaHCO32.0g, 5.0g of fructose, 10ml of reducing agent and 980ml of distilled water.
When the biomass gasification furnace is started, a cold water pipeline of the cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger I is opened, gasified gas at 600 ℃ after gasification and cold water at the temperature of 5-15 ℃ are subjected to heat exchange in the cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger I, an electric water pump I is opened to carry out spraying cooling and tar cleaning on gas in a gasified gas condensation tower, when a temperature sensor III shows that the water temperature in the cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger I reaches 70 ℃, an electric water pump III is started, hot water is input into a temperature regulating water tank, and the gasified gas after cooling cleaning enters a gas storage cabinet after being deoxidized through a deoxidizing tank.
And starting the gas circulating pump I, introducing the gasified gas in the gas storage cabinet into the rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter, fully contacting and reacting the gas with fermentation liquor brought up by the resin disc material when the gas and the resin disc material rotate to form gaseous ethanol, introducing the gas containing the gaseous ethanol into the ethanol condenser, forming the gaseous ethanol into liquid ethanol in the ethanol condenser, and conveying the gas which is not absorbed and fermented back into the gas storage cabinet by the gas circulating pump II to continue to perform the next round of fermentation reaction.
And starting the electric water pump II to input hot water with the temperature of 70 ℃ in the temperature adjusting water tank into the cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger II to realize the control of the fermentation temperature.
Claims (4)
1. A biomass gasification and anaerobic fermentation combined fuel ethanol production system is characterized by comprising a biomass gasification furnace, a gasified gas condensation tower, a temperature adjusting water tank, a deoxygenation tank, a gas storage cabinet, a rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter, an ethanol condenser and a cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger, wherein the whole electrical equipment of the system is controlled by a PLC system;
the biomass gasification furnace is connected with the deoxidizing tank through a gasified gas condensing tower, and the temperature adjusting water tank is respectively connected with a cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger I of the gasified gas condensing tower and a cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger II of the rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter; the deoxygenation tank is sequentially connected with the rotary disc type gasification gas fermenter and the ethanol condenser through a gas storage cabinet, and the other branch of the gas storage cabinet is directly connected with the ethanol condenser;
a gas circulating pump I is arranged between the gas storage cabinet and the rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter, and a gas circulating pump II is arranged between the ethanol condenser and the gas storage cabinet; temperature sensors are arranged on the gasified gas condensing tower, the rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter and the temperature adjusting water tank, and the PLC control system controls the electric water pump to adjust the temperature through the temperature values of the temperature sensors;
hot water in a cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger I on the outer layer of the gasified gas condensation tower is input into a temperature adjusting water tank through an electric water pump III, and the temperature adjusting water tank inputs the hot water into an outer sleeve heat-insulating cylinder sleeve of the rotary disc type gasified gas fermentation device through an electric water pump II; so as to realize the heat exchange of the gasified gas and the temperature increase and preservation of the rotary disc type gasified gas fermentation device;
the PLC control system adjusts the temperature through an electric water pump according to the temperature values of a temperature sensor I on the rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter, a temperature sensor II on the temperature adjusting water tank and a temperature sensor III on the gasified gas condensing tower, the temperature control range of the temperature sensor I is 33-37 ℃, and the temperature control ranges of the temperature sensor II and the temperature sensor III are 65-75 ℃;
after the gasified gas is introduced into the gasified gas condensing tower, hot water in the cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger I exchanges heat with the gasified gas, the exchanged hot water is input into the temperature adjusting water tank, water in the temperature adjusting water tank is input into the gasified gas condensing tower to be cleaned and sprayed, deep condensation of the gasified gas and elution of tar are realized, and the eluted tar wastewater is discharged out of the gasified gas condensing tower.
2. The system for producing the fuel ethanol by combining the biomass gasification and the anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1, wherein the air inlet of the rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter is positioned above the fermentation liquid level in the fermenter, and the resin disc material in the fermenter absorbs and reacts the gasified gas;
the unfermented gas circulated out from the rotary disc type gasified gas fermenter takes away the ethanol gas on the fermentation liquid level, the mixed gas is retained in the ethanol in a liquid state after passing through an ethanol condenser, and the residual gas enters the gas storage cabinet again through a gas circulating pump II for the next round of fermentation circulation.
3. The system for producing fuel ethanol by combining biomass gasification and anaerobic fermentation according to claim 2, wherein the resin disk material is made of unsaturated resin and penetrates through a rotating shaft of the rotary disk type gasification gas fermenter; the disc holes are 40 meshes and are uniformly arranged in the fermentor at the interval of 5cm, and the rotating speed of the disc is 30-60 r/min; the culture solution in the gasified gas fermenter is a PETC culture medium, and the fermentation is carried out by adopting Clostridium Windall.
4. The biomass gasification and anaerobic fermentation combined fuel ethanol production system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature inside the ethanol condenser is-22 to-18 ℃, and the temperature range of hot water in the cylinder liner water heat exchanger I is 65 to 75 ℃; the temperature range of hot water in the cylinder sleeve water heat exchanger II is 33-37 ℃.
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