CN108623173B - Preparation method of aerogel composite glass - Google Patents
Preparation method of aerogel composite glass Download PDFInfo
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- CN108623173B CN108623173B CN201710161773.1A CN201710161773A CN108623173B CN 108623173 B CN108623173 B CN 108623173B CN 201710161773 A CN201710161773 A CN 201710161773A CN 108623173 B CN108623173 B CN 108623173B
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- aerogel composite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C14/00—Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix
- C03C14/004—Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix the non-glass component being in the form of particles or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
- C03B19/02—Other methods of shaping glass by casting molten glass, e.g. injection moulding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C14/00—Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2214/00—Nature of the non-vitreous component
- C03C2214/04—Particles; Flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2214/00—Nature of the non-vitreous component
- C03C2214/30—Methods of making the composites
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of aerogel composite glass, and the aerogel composite glass consists of aerogel and a glass phase bonded with the aerogel. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing materials, namely uniformly mixing glass powder and aerogel; (2) melting, namely heating the glass powder in the mixture obtained in the step (1) to be melted to obtain a semi-solid mixed glass melt; (3) molding, namely pouring the mixed glass melt obtained in the step (2) into a mold, and cooling; (4) and (6) annealing. The aerogel composite glass disclosed by the invention has better heat insulation and heat preservation performance, light transmittance, safety performance and sound insulation and noise reduction performance, and is suitable for the fields of doors and windows, curtain wall glass, lighting roofs and the like of green buildings, ultralow energy consumption buildings and near-zero energy consumption buildings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of glass preparation, in particular to a preparation method of aerogel composite glass.
Background
The aerogel is a light nano solid material which is formed by mutually gathering nano-scale ultrafine particles to form a nano porous network structure and is filled with gaseous dispersion media in network pores. The porosity is as high as 99.8%, the typical size of the holes is 1-40 nm, and the specific surface area is 400-1200 m2In terms of/g, and a density as low as 3kg/m3The heat conductivity coefficient at room temperature can be as low as below 0.010W/(m.K), and the light-weight, light-transmitting, heat-insulating, heat-preserving, sound-insulating, fireproof and impact-resistant light-weight composite material has excellent chemical stability and non-inflammability. Due to the characteristics, the silica aerogel material has wide application potential in the aspects of thermal, acoustic, optical, microelectronic, particle detection and the like.
However, the conventional sol-gel process is complicated, and the comprehensive technical threshold for producing large-size complete transparent aerogel plates is extremely high, which not only relates to the material technology, but also relates to numerous technical fields such as the process technology and the process equipment technology, and therefore, the large-size complete aerogel is difficult to prepare. In addition, as the aerogel is a brittle material, the flexural strength is poor, the aerogel can not be used alone and can only be used as a sandwich layer of hollow glass, and the application range of the aerogel in the field of the transparent building envelope structure is limited to a certain extent.
The Chinese patent application with publication number CN104556967A discloses the development of a silicon dioxide aerogel powder/glass bond composite heat-insulating material, and the main preparation process comprises the following steps: mixing silicon dioxide aerogel powder with a glass bonding agent and a polymer, adding a small amount of auxiliary agents such as a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, a defoaming agent and a thickening agent, uniformly mixing to prepare slurry, preparing the slurry into a sample with a fixed size, drying and curing at 10-25 ℃ for more than 48 hours, performing heat treatment, performing heat preservation at 330-500 ℃ for 2-5 hours in a first section, performing heat preservation at 550-800 ℃ for 3-5 hours in a second section, and naturally cooling to the normal temperature. However, this method has the following problems: (1) due to the addition of the auxiliary agent, the organic solvent can enter the nano holes of the aerogel to destroy the three-dimensional network structure of the aerogel; (2) the polymer is used as a transition adhesive, and gas is easily generated and is not easy to be discharged when the high molecular polymer is decomposed at 330-500 ℃, so that the purity of the obtained composite heat-insulating material is influenced; (3) the silica aerogel powder/glass bonding agent composite heat-insulating material prepared by the method is non-transparent, so that the application of the silica aerogel powder/glass bonding agent composite heat-insulating material in the aspect of building transparent building envelope is limited; (4) because the room temperature drying and curing and the two-step heat treatment process are adopted, the process time is too long, the production efficiency is low, and the method is not suitable for industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method for aerogel composite glass with special and complex shape, which is difficult to obtain in online production, and the aerogel composite glass material with high permeability and excellent heat insulation performance is obtained.
The solution of the invention is: (1) the technology of transparent heat-insulating aerogel with silicon hydroxyl on the surface and hydrophobic property inside is adopted, so that the problem that the aerogel and glass melt are difficult to mix is solved. The density difference of aerogel and glass melt is big, hardly directly sneak into glass melt, through the formation silicon hydroxyl on the surface at the aerogel, keep inside hydrophobic characteristic simultaneously, the interface bonding effect between reinforcing aerogel surface and the glass melt is favorable to eliminating the layering phenomenon, realize the homogeneous mixing, the excellent characteristic of aerogel has been kept again simultaneously, and saved auxiliary agent and heat treatment process, it obtains the aerogel composite glass of high penetrating type to change, in addition, is showing and shortens process time. (2) The mold forming process directly forms the glass with various shapes and structures, such as curved glass, special-shaped glass and the like, by utilizing the mold at one time, solves the problems that the glass with special and complex shapes is difficult to prepare in online production and the like, saves the manufacturing cost and simultaneously improves the utilization rate of materials.
The solution of the invention is realized by the following steps: a preparation method of aerogel composite glass comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing materials, namely uniformly mixing glass powder and aerogel;
(2) melting, namely heating the glass powder in the mixture obtained in the step (1) to be melted to obtain a semi-solid mixed glass melt;
(3) molding, namely pouring the mixed glass melt obtained in the step (2) into a mold, and cooling and solidifying;
(4) and (6) annealing.
Thus, through the steps, the aerogel composite glass with heat insulation and preservation performance, which is composed of the aerogel and the glass phase bonded with the aerogel, can be obtained. The invention utilizes the mould to directly form the glass with various shapes and structures, such as curved glass, special-shaped glass and the like, solves the problems that the glass with special and complex shapes is difficult to prepare in the online production, saves the manufacturing cost and simultaneously improves the utilization rate of materials. The obtained aerogel composite glass uses transparent aerogel which is light in weight and has excellent heat insulation performance, sound insulation and noise reduction performance and energy absorption characteristics as functional components, wherein glass is added as a reinforcing binder, and as the glass has high compressive strength and hardness, the aerogel composite glass is easy to obtain large size and has high use temperature, the aerogel composite glass can realize large-size production and also has high strength, hardness and use temperature. Therefore, the aerogel composite glass prepared by the method not only has the characteristics of large size, high strength and higher use temperature of the glass, but also has the characteristics of good heat insulation performance, sound insulation and noise reduction performance, safety performance, light weight and the like, solves the problem that the single aerogel has low breaking strength and can not be used as the glass directly, and obviously expands the application range of the aerogel in the field of transparent building envelope structures.
On the basis, the other technical scheme of the invention is that the method further comprises a glass crushing step before mixing the glass powder and the aerogel, and the glass crushing step specifically comprises the following steps: and crushing the glass into glass powder. The glass can also be waste glass, so that the waste glass is recycled as a regeneration raw material, the energy consumption and the production cost are reduced, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the energy conservation and the environmental protection are realized practically.
On the basis, the other technical scheme of the invention is that the step (2) of the preparation method is paving, namely, the mixture obtained in the step (1) is placed in a mould; and (3) melting, namely heating the glass powder in the mixture to be melted to obtain a semi-solid mixed glass melt, and cooling and solidifying.
On the basis, the another technical scheme of the invention is that the clarification process is included after the mixed material is heated to obtain the mixed glass melt and before the mixed glass melt is poured into the mold. Thus, the purpose of exhausting gas in the mixed glass melt is achieved by standing the mixed glass melt.
The other technical scheme of the invention is that on the basis, the volume ratio of the aerogel to the glass powder is 0.1-9: 1. So, the aerogel accounts for than can be very little, be equivalent to ordinary glass this moment, the aerogel accounts for than can be very big, be equivalent to the aerogel material this moment, consequently according to performance needs, the volume ratio scope of aerogel and glass powder can be 0.1:1 to 9: 1.
the other technical scheme of the invention is that on the basis of the above, the aerogel has the characteristics of internal hydrophobicity and surface hydrophilicity. The technology of transparent heat-insulating aerogel with silicon hydroxyl on the surface and hydrophobic property inside is adopted, so that the problem that the aerogel and glass melt are difficult to mix is solved. The density difference of aerogel and glass melt is big, hardly directly sneak into glass melt, through the formation silicon hydroxyl on the surface at the aerogel, keep inside hydrophobic characteristic simultaneously, the interface bonding effect between reinforcing aerogel surface and the glass melt is favorable to eliminating the layering phenomenon, realize the homogeneous mixing, the excellent characteristic of aerogel has been kept again simultaneously, and saved auxiliary agent and heat treatment process, it obtains the aerogel composite glass of high penetrating type to change, in addition, is showing and shortens process time.
The other technical scheme of the invention is that on the basis, the shape of the aerogel can be massive, granular or powder, and is determined according to performance requirements.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the aerogel composite glass according to the present invention;
wherein:
1-a glassy phase; 2-aerogel.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings, which are given by way of illustration and explanation only and should not be construed to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Furthermore, features from embodiments in this document and from different embodiments may be combined accordingly by a person skilled in the art from the description in this document.
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of aerogel composite glass, which comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing the glass powder and the aerogel;
(2) heating the mixture until the glass powder in the mixture is melted and the aerogel is not melted to obtain semi-solid mixed glass melt;
(3) pouring the obtained mixed glass melt into a mold, and cooling and solidifying to obtain aerogel composite glass;
(4) and annealing the aerogel composite glass.
Thus, through the steps, aerogel composite glass with heat insulation and preservation performance, which is composed of aerogel and glass phase bonded with the aerogel, can be obtained, as shown in fig. 1. The invention utilizes the mould to directly form the glass with various shapes and structures, such as curved glass, special-shaped glass and the like, solves the problems that the glass with special and complex shapes is difficult to prepare in the online production, saves the manufacturing cost and simultaneously improves the utilization rate of materials. The obtained aerogel composite glass uses transparent aerogel which is light in weight and has excellent heat insulation performance, sound insulation and noise reduction performance and energy absorption characteristics as functional components, wherein glass is added as a reinforcing binder, and as the glass has high compressive strength and hardness, the aerogel composite glass is easy to obtain large size and has high use temperature, the aerogel composite glass can realize large-size production and also has high strength, hardness and use temperature. Therefore, the aerogel composite glass prepared by the method not only has the characteristics of large size, high strength and higher use temperature of the glass, but also has the characteristics of good heat insulation performance, sound insulation and noise reduction performance, safety performance, light weight and the like, solves the problem that the single aerogel has low breaking strength and can not be used as the glass directly, and obviously expands the application range of the aerogel in the field of transparent building envelope structures.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, before mixing the glass powder and the aerogel, a glass crushing step is further included, specifically: and crushing the glass into glass powder. The glass can also be waste glass, so that the waste glass is recycled as a regeneration raw material, the energy consumption and the production cost are reduced, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the energy conservation and the environmental protection are realized practically.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, step (2) of the preparation method is spreading, that is, placing the mixture obtained in step (1) in a mold; and (3) melting, namely heating the glass powder in the mixture to be melted to obtain a semi-solid mixed glass melt, and cooling and solidifying.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, a fining process is included after the mixed material is heated to obtain the mixed glass melt and before the mixed glass melt is poured into a mold. Thus, the purpose of exhausting gas in the mixed glass melt is achieved by standing the mixed glass melt.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the volume ratio of the aerogel 2 to the glass powder 1 is 0.1-9: 1. So, the aerogel accounts for than can be very little, be equivalent to ordinary glass this moment, the aerogel accounts for than can be very big, be equivalent to the aerogel material this moment, consequently according to performance needs, the volume ratio scope of aerogel and glass powder can be 0.1:1 to 9: 1.
in another embodiment of the present invention, based on the above embodiments, the aerogel has internal hydrophobic and surface hydrophilic properties. The technology of transparent heat-insulating aerogel with silicon hydroxyl on the surface and hydrophobic property inside is adopted, so that the problem that the aerogel and glass melt are difficult to mix is solved. The density difference of aerogel and glass melt is big, hardly directly sneak into glass melt, through the formation silicon hydroxyl on the surface at the aerogel, keep inside hydrophobic characteristic simultaneously, the interface bonding effect between reinforcing aerogel surface and the glass melt is favorable to eliminating the layering phenomenon, realize the homogeneous mixing, the excellent characteristic of aerogel has been kept again simultaneously, and saved auxiliary agent and heat treatment process, it obtains the aerogel composite glass of high penetrating type to change, in addition, is showing and shortens process time.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the aerogel 2 can be block, granular, or powder, and is determined according to performance requirements.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, an aerogel composite glass is prepared by the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing the glass powder and the transparent blocky aerogel in a fixed ratio according to the volume ratio of the aerogel to the glass powder of 0.1: 1;
(2) heating the mixture until the glass powder in the mixture is melted and the aerogel is not melted to obtain semi-solid mixed glass melt;
(3) standing, and discharging bubbles in the mixed glass melt;
(4) pouring the obtained mixed glass melt into a mold, and cooling to obtain aerogel composite glass;
(5) and annealing the aerogel composite glass.
The aerogel composite glass obtained through the steps has the thickness of 10mm, and the test result shows that the visible light transmittance is 90% and the thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.138W/m.k.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, an aerogel composite glass is prepared by the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing the glass powder and the transparent granular aerogel in a fixed ratio according to the volume ratio of the aerogel to the glass powder of 5: 1;
(2) heating the mixture until the glass powder in the mixture is melted and the aerogel is not melted to obtain semi-solid mixed glass melt;
(3) standing, and discharging bubbles in the mixed glass melt;
(4) pouring the obtained mixed glass melt into a mold, and cooling to obtain aerogel composite glass;
(5) and annealing the aerogel composite glass.
The aerogel composite glass obtained through the steps has the thickness of 10mm, and the test result shows that the visible light transmittance is 85 percent and the thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.037W/m.k.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, an aerogel composite glass is prepared by the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing the glass powder and the transparent powdery aerogel in a fixed ratio according to the volume ratio of the aerogel to the glass powder of 2: 1; (2) heating the mixture until the glass powder in the mixture is melted and the aerogel is not melted to obtain semi-solid mixed glass melt;
(3) standing, and discharging bubbles in the mixed glass melt;
(4) pouring the obtained mixed glass melt into a mold, and cooling to obtain aerogel composite glass;
(5) and annealing the aerogel composite glass.
The aerogel composite glass obtained through the steps has the thickness of 10mm, and the test result shows that the visible light transmittance is 80% and the thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.051W/m.k.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, an aerogel composite glass is prepared by the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing the glass powder and the transparent granular aerogel in a fixed ratio according to the volume ratio of the aerogel to the glass powder of 9: 1;
(2) heating the mixture until the glass powder in the mixture is melted and the aerogel is not melted to obtain semi-solid mixed glass melt;
(3) standing, and discharging bubbles in the mixed glass melt;
(4) pouring the obtained mixed glass melt into a mold, and cooling to obtain aerogel composite glass;
(5) and annealing the aerogel composite glass.
The aerogel composite glass obtained through the steps has the thickness of 10mm, and the test result shows that the visible light transmittance is 77% and the thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.028W/m.k.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method of the aerogel composite glass is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) glass crushing, namely crushing the glass into glass powder;
(2) compounding, with glass powder and aerogel misce bene, the volume ratio of aerogel and glass powder is 0.1: 1;
(3) melting, namely heating the glass powder in the mixture obtained in the step (1) to be molten, and not melting the aerogel to obtain semi-solid mixed glass melt;
(4) a clarification process, wherein the semi-solid mixed glass liquid is kept stand, and bubbles in the mixed glass liquid are discharged;
(5) molding, namely casting the obtained mixed glass melt in a mold for cooling to obtain aerogel composite glass;
(6) annealing, namely annealing the aerogel composite glass obtained in the step (5);
the visible light transmittance of the aerogel composite glass obtained in the step (6) is 90%, and the thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.138W/m k.
2. The preparation method of the aerogel composite glass is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) glass crushing, namely crushing the glass into glass powder;
(2) compounding, with glass powder and aerogel misce bene, the volume ratio of aerogel and glass powder is 5: 1;
(3) melting, namely heating the glass powder in the mixture obtained in the step (1) to be molten, and not melting the aerogel to obtain semi-solid mixed glass melt;
(4) a clarification process, wherein the semi-solid mixed glass liquid is kept stand, and bubbles in the mixed glass liquid are discharged;
(5) molding, namely casting the obtained mixed glass melt in a mold for cooling to obtain aerogel composite glass;
(6) annealing, namely annealing the aerogel composite glass obtained in the step (5);
the visible light transmittance of the aerogel composite glass obtained in the step (6) is 85%, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.037W/m k.
3. The preparation method of the aerogel composite glass is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) glass crushing, namely crushing the glass into glass powder;
(2) mixing materials, namely uniformly mixing glass powder and aerogel, wherein the volume ratio of the aerogel to the glass powder is 2: 1;
(3) melting, namely heating the glass powder in the mixture obtained in the step (1) to be molten, and not melting the aerogel to obtain semi-solid mixed glass melt;
(4) a clarification process, wherein the semi-solid mixed glass liquid is kept stand, and bubbles in the mixed glass liquid are discharged;
(5) molding, namely casting the obtained mixed glass melt in a mold for cooling to obtain aerogel composite glass;
(6) annealing, namely annealing the aerogel composite glass obtained in the step (5);
and (4) the visible light transmittance of the aerogel composite glass obtained in the step (6) is 80%, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.051W/m k.
4. The preparation method of the aerogel composite glass is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) glass crushing, namely crushing the glass into glass powder;
(2) mixing materials, namely uniformly mixing glass powder and aerogel, wherein the volume ratio of the aerogel to the glass powder is 9: 1;
(3) melting, namely heating the glass powder in the mixture obtained in the step (1) to be molten, and not melting the aerogel to obtain semi-solid mixed glass melt;
(4) a clarification process, wherein the semi-solid mixed glass liquid is kept stand, and bubbles in the mixed glass liquid are discharged;
(5) molding, namely casting the obtained mixed glass melt in a mold for cooling to obtain aerogel composite glass;
(6) annealing, namely annealing the aerogel composite glass obtained in the step (5);
the visible light transmittance of the aerogel composite glass obtained in the step (6) is 77%, and the thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.028W/m k.
5. The method of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the aerogel has internal hydrophobic and surface hydrophilic properties.
6. The method of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the aerogel is in the form of one of a block, a granule, and a powder.
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0552484A2 (en) * | 1992-01-20 | 1993-07-28 | BASF Aktiengesellschaft | Formed pieces or plates from silica-aerogel |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101010187A (en) * | 2004-06-29 | 2007-08-01 | 思攀气凝胶公司 | Energy efficient and insulated building envelopes |
| CN104556967B (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2018-11-30 | 河南工业大学 | The development of silicon dioxide aerogel powder/vitrified bond composite heat-insulated material |
| CN104961494A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-10-07 | 江苏丰彩新型建材有限公司 | Aerogel composite powder material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105271642B (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2017-05-17 | 江西新凤微晶玉石有限公司 | Preparation technology for glass ceramics sheet |
| CN105565662A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-05-11 | 广西丛欣实业有限公司 | Method for preparing heat-resistant glass |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0552484A2 (en) * | 1992-01-20 | 1993-07-28 | BASF Aktiengesellschaft | Formed pieces or plates from silica-aerogel |
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