CN108617829A - The preparation method of Chinese yam instant tea with function of invigorating spleen - Google Patents
The preparation method of Chinese yam instant tea with function of invigorating spleen Download PDFInfo
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- CN108617829A CN108617829A CN201810651626.7A CN201810651626A CN108617829A CN 108617829 A CN108617829 A CN 108617829A CN 201810651626 A CN201810651626 A CN 201810651626A CN 108617829 A CN108617829 A CN 108617829A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/34—Tea substitutes, e.g. matè; Extracts or infusions thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
- A61K36/894—Dioscoreaceae (Yam family)
- A61K36/8945—Dioscorea, e.g. yam, Chinese yam or water yam
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/333—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using mixed solvents, e.g. 70% EtOH
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/39—Complex extraction schemes, e.g. fractionation or repeated extraction steps
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Abstract
The present invention relates to food and medicine field, the preparation method of the Chinese yam instant tea with function of invigorating spleen is particularly related to.Step is：It after yam flour is cleaned with ethyl alcohol, is extracted with water, then through a series of centrifugations, filtering, concentration, Chinese yam extract is made；13 h of Maillard reaction is occurred at a certain temperature for gained extracting solution, is dried, is crushed to get the Chinese yam instant tea with function of invigorating spleen.Chinese yam instant tea prepared by this method can be such that the symptom of mice with spleen deficiency is improved, its weight is made to increase, and body temperature increases, and alvine pushing rate is suppressed, and index and spleen index, thymus index and content of Diastase in blood serum significantly improve.The instant solid tea preparation technique of the present invention is simple, easy to use convenient for preserving and carrying.Bubble out it is dark brown be yellowish-brown, gas fragrance alcohol is good in taste.This product is medicine and food raw materials, without any side effects, suitable for long-term drinking.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to food and medicine field, the preparation method of the Chinese yam instant tea with function of invigorating spleen is particularly related to.
Background technology
Chinese yam is the rhizome of Chinese yam, keeps fit and healthy, helps digest, prevention of cardiovascular disease, anticancer, strengthen immunity,
Promote growth and other effects.Many scholars study the pharmacological activity of Chinese yam at present, to the hypoglycemic, anti-of Chinese yam maillard reaction product
The functional studies such as oxidation, anti-mutation, immunological regulation more lack.Maillard reaction is a kind of non-enzymatic browning reaction, this is anti-
It should be happened between the amino of amino acid and the carbonyl of table sugar, the melanoidin (pigment) that Maillard reaction final step is formed exists
Cause extensive concern in recent years.We cause the life of model of spleen deficiency mouse by studying various dose Chinese yam Mei Lade products to rheum officinale
The shadow of the indexs such as state, changes of weight rate, Temperature changing rate, alvine pushing rate, thymus index, index and spleen index and histotomy
It rings, observes the effect of Chinese yam Mei Lade product good efficacy to suffering from a deficiency of the kidney.
The fast development in instant tea market in recent years, Chinese yam instant tea are both health care product and convenience.Such speed
Molten tea remains effective health-care components of Chinese herbal medicine, meets food development direction in the world.Instant tea can be widely recognized,
With itself feature be undivided as：Raw material sources are extensive, hardly limited by the place of production；Finished product is drunk conveniently, both can be straight
It connects and drinks, and can allow Other Drinks allotment and drink；Not only drunk after can refrigerating but can hot straightening connect and drink, and eliminate slagging-off
Trouble, meet modern fast pace life well, meet the different demands of consumer.
Invention content
The present invention proposes the preparation method of the Chinese yam instant tea with function of invigorating spleen, solves Chinese yam extraction in the prior art
The problems such as object taste is bitter, fragrance is not mellow, dissolubility.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
The preparation method of Chinese yam instant tea with function of invigorating spleen, step are：After yam flour is cleaned with ethyl alcohol, carried with water
It takes, then through a series of centrifugations, filtering, concentration, Chinese yam extract is made；Gained extracting solution at a certain temperature to that U.S. drawing occur
Moral reacts 1-3h, and drying crushes to get the Chinese yam instant tea with function of invigorating spleen.
The certain temperature refers to 80-85 DEG C.
The preparation method of Chinese yam instant tea with function of invigorating spleen, the specific steps are：
(1) Chinese yam medicine materical crude slice is smashed it through into 40-60 mesh sieve, obtains yam flour；
(2) ethyl alcohol of volume fraction 80% is added into yam flour, at 80 DEG C after alcohol extracting twice, takes second of alcohol extracting
Residue carries out first time water and carries, and the residue after taking first time water to carry carries out second of water and carries, and merges aqueous extract twice；
(3) extracting solution after merging is subjected to alcohol precipitation, concentration, then carries out Maillard reaction, finally dried and pelletize,
Up to Chinese yam instant tea.
The temperature dried in the step (3) is 130-140 DEG C.
The temperature of Maillard reaction is 80-85 DEG C in the step (3), reaction time 1-3h.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) preparation flow of instant tea of the present invention is substantially stationary：Sorting, crushing, extraction, filtering, purification, concentration, drying,
The application is on the basis of other products production technology, using sensory evaluation as main standard, takes single-factor influence experiment to new
Fresh yam degree of grinding, extraction time, Extracting temperature, extracting mode, concentration parameter, drying time and temperature aspect have carried out excellent
Change, and improved with professional standard according to corresponding pharmacopeia, determines the main physical and chemical parameter of product, it is determined that preliminary production
Technological parameter.
(2) Chinese yam instant tea prepared by the present invention can be such that the symptom of mice with spleen deficiency is improved, and so that its weight is increased, body
Temperature increases, and alvine pushing rate is suppressed, and index and spleen index, thymus index and content of Diastase in blood serum significantly improve.Chinese yam is instant
The maximum tolerance of tea is 5200mg/kg, and acute toxicity test does not occur adverse reaction, do not measure median lethal dose.It is dyed with HE
Paraffin section observes the spleen cell of mouse, can improve its atrophy phenomenon.The instant solid tea preparation technique of the present invention is simple,
It is easy to use convenient for preserving and carrying.Bubble out it is dark brown be yellowish-brown, gas fragrance alcohol is good in taste.This product is that medicine-food two-purpose is former
Material, it is without any side effects, suitable for long-term drinking.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is each group mouse changes of body mass figure after administration.
Fig. 2 is each group mouse temperature variation diagram after administration.
Fig. 3 is each group mouse Intestinal pushing variation diagram after administration.
Fig. 4 is each group mouse spleen index and thymus index variation diagram after administration.
Fig. 5 is the thymus section figure after the Chinese yam instant tea effects Mice of various dose.
Fig. 6 is the spleen tissue slice map after the Chinese yam instant tea effects Mice of various dose.
Fig. 7 is the hydroscopicity figure of Chinese yam powder.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that institute
The embodiment of description is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention,
The every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of not making the creative labor, belongs to this hair
The range of bright protection.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment has the preparation method of the Chinese yam instant tea of function of invigorating spleen, includes the following steps：
After Chinese yam medicine materical crude slice is crushed with Universalpulverizer, gained powder is divided into two groups of A and B, A group alcohol under the conditions of 80 DEG C
Carry twice that water carries (solid-liquid ratio 1 twice again：10) result such as table 1.B groups only carry out water and carry two times result such as table 2, then carry two groups
It takes liquid to carry out alcohol precipitation concentration and recovery ethyl alcohol to concentrate again, from table 1, table 2：
Table 1
Table 2
It by sensory evaluation and compares, determines that yam flour alcohol extracting and water are carried and suggest plans more preferably compared to only progress water.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment has the preparation method of the Chinese yam instant tea of function of invigorating spleen, includes the following steps：
After Chinese yam medicine materical crude slice is crushed with Universalpulverizer, with 40 mesh sieve, 60 mesh sieve, 100 mesh screens, obtain 40 mesh with
Under, 40-60 mesh, 60-100 mesh, 100 powder below, and it is divided into tetra- groups of Chinese yam powder of A, B, C, D, under the conditions of 80 DEG C
By tetra- groups of Chinese yam alcohol extractings of A, B, C, D, water carries (solid-liquid ratio 1 twice again twice：10, Chinese yam 25g, 80% absolute ethyl alcohol 250g), then
Four groups of extracting solutions are subjected to alcohol precipitation, precipitated product concentrates after being dissolved, and the result of tetra- groups of Chinese yam powder of A, B, C, D is shown in Table successively
3, table 4, table 5, table 6 are understood：
Table 3
Table 4
Table 6
Found by sensory evaluation, the Chinese yam powder of 40-60 mesh compared to below 40 mesh, more than 60-100 mesh, 100 mesh,
Bitter taste smaller, viscosity bigger, color and luster is more preferable, determines 40-60 mesh Chinese yam powder extraction scheme more preferably.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment has the preparation method of the Chinese yam instant tea of function of invigorating spleen, includes the following steps：
After Chinese yam medicine materical crude slice is crushed with Universalpulverizer, with 40 mesh sieve, 60 mesh screens, the yam flour of 40-60 mesh is obtained
End, and it is divided into tri- groups of A, B, C, water carries (solid-liquid ratio 1 twice again twice for alcohol extracting under the conditions of 80 DEG C, 90 DEG C, 100 DEG C respectively：
10) four groups of extracting solutions then, are carried out alcohol precipitation concentration and recovery ethyl alcohol to concentrate again, the Analyses Methods for Sensory Evaluation Results that tri- groups of A, B, C is shown in Table 7,
Table 8, table 9：
Table 7
Table 8
Table 9
It being found by sensory evaluation, 80 DEG C of Chinese yam powder is compared with 90 DEG C, 100 DEG C of Chinese yam powder, bitter taste smaller,
Viscosity, color and luster difference are not very big, it is contemplated that being factory produced, cost smaller needed for 80 DEG C determines Chinese yam medicine materical crude slice
Optimum extraction temperature is 80 DEG C.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment has the preparation method of the Chinese yam instant tea of function of invigorating spleen, includes the following steps：
Chinese yam medicine materical crude slice smashing → 40-60 mesh sieves to obtain yam flour → first time alcohol extracting (1:10 solid-liquid ratios, 80%-95% ethyl alcohol,
3h) → take the residue after first time alcohol extracting to carry out second of alcohol extracting (1:10 solid-liquid ratios, 80%-95% ethyl alcohol, 3h) → take second
The residue of secondary alcohol extracting carries out first time water and carries (1:10 solid-liquid ratios, distilled water, 3h) → take first time water to carry after residue carry out the
Secondary water carries (1:10 solid-liquid ratios, distilled water, 3h) → aqueous extract merging twice → concentration (Rotary Evaporators, 50-55 DEG C) →
Dry (130-140 DEG C of baking oven) → granulation.
The selection of method of granulating：The present invention prepares Chinese yam instant tea using wet granulation, the reason is that particle made of wet method
Quality, appearance is beautiful, and wearability is stronger, and compression forming is good.And equipment is simple when considering industrially prepared, and operation is easy, raw
The advantages that yield is higher, the easy control of process conditions of material, granularity is neat.
The measurement at angle of repose：The present invention uses fixed funnel method, high about apart from horizontal plane by funnel as on horizontal plane
2cm or so slowly pours into obtained Chinese yam powder along hopper walls, until forming conical pile of grounds in the horizontal plane, surveys
It is 46 ° to the angle on inclined-plane and horizontal plane to measure powder, and mobility is poor.
The measurement of hydroscopicity：Bottom is taken to fill the glass desicator of supersaturated solution, measuring cup built in drier is put into 25
Constant temperature in DEG C thermostatic drying chamber, the relative humidity in drier is 75% at this time.Sample about 1g is taken, is set in measuring cup, precision claims
Amount will weigh lid and open, be put into drier top, preserved in 25 DEG C of thermostatic drying chambers, weighs at regular intervals primary, meter
Calculate the Moisture percentage of each time.As shown in Figure 7, Chinese yam powder has stronger hygroscopicity.So need to be added it is a certain amount of suitable
Auxiliary material, once change its physicochemical property, be conducive to particle molding and the later stage storage.This experiment selects Icing Sugar, dextrin to make
For auxiliary material (Icing Sugar：Chinese yam powder：Dextrin=1：1：1).The Chinese yam powder 22.1g of drying gained is taken, equivalent Icing Sugar, equivalent is added
Dextrin, mixing, wet granulation, particle through whole grain to get.
The measurement of volatile products ingredient：Volatility object is carried out using headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
Matter is tested, and main volatile compounds (table 10, content are obtained>0.5%)
Table 10
Application examples
1. experiment packet：By the Kunming mouse of 50 weight 18-22g, it is randomly divided into 5 groups, half male and half female, every group 10
Only.Be randomly assigned for blank control group, spleen deficiency natural recovering group, high dose Chinese yam tea treatment group, middle dosage Chinese yam tea treatment group,
Low dosage Chinese yam tea treatment group.In addition to the daily gavage of blank control group gives distilled water, remaining each group gives equivalent folium sennae
Soaking object causes syndrome of spleen deficiency.
2. cassia angustifolia blade profile spleen deficiency modeling method：It is 18-22g Kunming mouses to take weight, daily with the dosage of 1mL/20g
Gavage gives the folium sennae soaking object for being equivalent to 1g raw medicinal herbs/10mL, and mouse swimming is forced after gavage, continuous 8 days, makes to cause spleen
Void rushes down drag.
3. administration：Modeling terminates next day, and high dose Chinese yam tea group, middle dosage Chinese yam tea group, low dosage Chinese yam tea group is small
Mouse presses the treatment of the dosage gastric infusion progress syndrome of spleen deficiency of daily 120mg/kg, 60mg/kg, 30mg/kg respectively, meanwhile, spleen deficiency
The daily gavage of natural recovering group gives equivalent distilled water, successive administration 7 days.
4, the detection of indices
(1) weight and Temperature changing：Before starting to test small white mouse, folium sennae soaking object progress spleen deficiency
Modeling terminates next day and gives Chinese yam Mei Lade products to terminate that next day measures the weight of small white mouse respectively and body temperature is shown in Table 11, table
12, Fig. 1, Fig. 2.
Table 11
Table 12
Measured body weight calculates changes of weight rate using experiment electronic scale, according to measured data.Body temperature is using number
Thermometer detects：After thermometer probe smears glycerine, the detection of small white mouse anus is gently probeed into, waits for doing after temperature reading is stablized
Record, and calculate Temperature changing rate according to following formula.
Weight × 100% before changes of weight rate (%)=(weight before weight-administration after administration)/administration；
Body temperature × 100% before Temperature changing rate (%)=(body temperature before body temperature-administration after administration)/administration.
(2) to the influence of model of spleen deficiency mouse alvine pushing rate
By the small white mouse of success modeling, it is administered respectively by high, medium and low dosage treatment group, continuous 7 days.Meanwhile blank control
Group and the daily gavage of spleen deficiency natural recovering group small white mouse give equivalent distilled water.After administration, mouse fasting but water 12h can't help, away from
After last dose 120min, the india ink of every intragastric administration on mice 0.5mL plucks eyeball and takes blood after waiting for about 20min, at the neck that breaks
It is dissected rapidly after dead mouse.Mouse stomach is taken out, is placed on after stretching on sterilized operation tablet, measures pylorus to blind
The distance of intestines as total length, then measures pylorus to the distance of the forefront of prepared Chinese ink, calculates alvine pushing rate and be shown in Table 13, Fig. 3.
Table 13
Alvine pushing rate (%)=pylorus to prepared Chinese ink Front distance/pylorus to caecum distance × 100%.
(3) to the influence of model of spleen-asthenia mouse immune shoot formation
Mouse is plucked after eyeball takes blood and disconnected neck to put to death, mouse is dissected rapidly, takes out the complete thymus gland of mouse and spleen, set
In 0.9%NaCl solution, extra tissue is cut, washes away the clot being adhered on thymus gland and spleen.Tissue is blotted with filter paper
On water after, weigh thymus gland, the quality of spleen and record respectively with electronic balance, laxative remedy calculates thymus gland, index and spleen index, is shown in Table
14, Fig. 4.
Table 14
Thymus index calculation formula：
Thymus index (g/100g)=100 × thymic factor D injection/weight；
The calculation formula of index and spleen index：
Index and spleen index (g/100g)=100 × spleen weight/weight.
(4) to the sections observation of model of spleen deficiency mouse spleen
1. the configuration of 4% paraformaldehyde：20g paraformaldehydes are taken, add distilled water to 500mL, 65 DEG C of heating water baths to whole
Dissolving.(about 5 hours)
2. materials are fixed：Spleen is dissected and cut immediately after putting to death mouse, is put into 4% paraformaldehyde solution
12h or so.
3. being dehydrated：Thymus gland and spleen are taken out successively in 50%, 75%, 80%, 90%, 95% (I), 95% (II) ethyl alcohol
2h is impregnated, then impregnates 1h in 100% (I), 100% (II) ethyl alcohol successively, then successively in 100% ethyl alcohol：Dimethylbenzene 1:1、
0.5h is impregnated in dimethylbenzene (I), dimethylbenzene (II), is finally immersed in wintergreen a night.
4. waxdip：3 wax cups are placed in 60 DEG C of constant temperature wax cases, respectively number 1,2,3.Wherein respectively contain soft wax, soft wax,
Hard wax takes out tissue and is put into each 1h in soft wax, and rapid take out is put into hard wax 1h.
5. embedding：It is poured into metal frame after taking out hard wax, takes tissue block to be put into paraffin with anodontia tweezers and put direction well,
It cools down at room temperature.
6. paraffin section：Wax stone is fixed on slicer, slice thickness is 4 μm.Warm water floating method is used at 45 DEG C
Extend slice.
7. HE is dyed：
A. it dewaxes：Slice impregnates 10min in dimethylbenzene (I), and 5min is then impregnated in dimethylbenzene (II).
B. aquation：5min is impregnated in 100% (I), 100% (II), 95% (I), 95% (II) alcohol successively, is then existed
3min is impregnated in 85% alcohol, and 2min, distilled water flushing 1min are impregnated in 75% alcohol.
C. it dyes：Then 5min is dyed with hematoxylin, washed immediately, hydrochloride alcohol breaks up 3s, originally washes 15min, steams
Distilled water washes 2min, and 75%, 85% alcohol impregnates 2min, 0.5% eosin stains 1min successively, and distilled water flushing falls stain, successively
Be put into 95% (I), 95% (II), 100% (I), 100% (II) alcohol and impregnate 5min, be then sequentially placed into dimethylbenzene (I),
5min is impregnated in dimethylbenzene (II).
D. mounting：It takes neutral gum to instill glass slide tissue, coverslip is taken gradually to cover from one end.
HE dyed paraffins slice obtained is observed with 20 power microscopes.
High dose Chinese yam tea group, middle dosage Chinese yam tea group, low dosage Chinese yam tea object group mouse spleen be sliced such as Fig. 5 institutes
Show, thymus section is as shown in Figure 6.Mouse spleen index and thymus index after spleen deficiency modeling is all low compared with normal mouse, explanation
Folium sennae gavage can cause mouse spleen, thymus index to decline.And after the treatment of Chinese yam tea gavage, organ index increases,
Mouse spleen slice cellular atrophy phenomenon is improved, and low dose therapy group improves unobvious.Comparison finds that each group slice has no
Notable difference, it is seen that folium sennae gavage does not cause change pathologically, Chinese yam tea also not right mouse spleen and thymus gland form
It has an impact.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
With within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.
Claims (5)
1. the preparation method of the Chinese yam instant tea with function of invigorating spleen, which is characterized in that step is：Yam flour is cleaned with ethyl alcohol
Afterwards, it is extracted with water, then through a series of centrifugations, filtering, concentration, Chinese yam extract is made；By gained extracting solution in certain temperature
Lower generation Maillard reaction 1-3 h, drying crush to get the Chinese yam instant tea with function of invigorating spleen.
2. the preparation method of the Chinese yam instant tea with function of invigorating spleen as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described certain
Temperature refers to 80-85 DEG C.
3. the preparation method of the Chinese yam instant tea with function of invigorating spleen as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that specific
Step is：
（1）Chinese yam medicine materical crude slice is smashed it through into 40-60 mesh sieve, obtains yam flour；
（2）The ethyl alcohol of volume fraction 80% is added into yam flour, at 80 DEG C after alcohol extracting twice, takes the residue of second of alcohol extracting
It carries out first time water to carry, the residue after taking first time water to carry carries out second of water and carries, and merges aqueous extract twice；
（3）Extracting solution after merging is subjected to alcohol precipitation, concentration, then carries out Maillard reaction, finally dry and pelletize to get
Chinese yam instant tea.
4. the preparation method of the Chinese yam instant tea with function of invigorating spleen as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：The step
（3）The temperature of middle drying is 130-140 DEG C.
5. the preparation method of the Chinese yam instant tea with function of invigorating spleen as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The step
（3）The temperature of middle Maillard reaction is 80-85 DEG C, and the reaction time is 1-3 h.
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| CN110623088A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-31 | 湖南农业大学 | Health-care tea, health-care tea product and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107048110A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-08-18 | 陕西理工学院 | Citrus medic L. rhizoma Gastrodiae Chinese pholidota pseudobulb or herb solid beverage and preparation method thereof |
| CN107417802A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-12-01 | 河南大学 | A kind of preparation method and applications of the Chinese yam polysaccharide Zn complex with hypoglycemic effect |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110623088A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-31 | 湖南农业大学 | Health-care tea, health-care tea product and preparation method thereof |
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