CN108615816B - OLED display panel - Google Patents
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- CN108615816B CN108615816B CN201810407146.6A CN201810407146A CN108615816B CN 108615816 B CN108615816 B CN 108615816B CN 201810407146 A CN201810407146 A CN 201810407146A CN 108615816 B CN108615816 B CN 108615816B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/84—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/10—OLED displays
- H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
- H10K59/121—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/10—OLED displays
- H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
- H10K59/122—Pixel-defining structures or layers, e.g. banks
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Abstract
The invention provides an OLED display panel, which comprises a substrate, a light emitting layer and an encapsulation layer, wherein the light emitting layer is arranged on the substrate, the encapsulation layer covers the surface of the light emitting layer, the light emitting layer comprises a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array manner, the OLED display panel also comprises at least one light extraction unit, and the light extraction unit is arranged in the encapsulation layer and corresponds to the pixel units. The OLED display panel provided by the invention comprises at least one light extraction unit, wherein the light extraction unit is arranged in the packaging layer and corresponds to the pixel unit, and the light extraction efficiency can be improved by adding the light extraction unit, so that the light color purity, the display brightness and the light emitting service life are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of OLED display, in particular to an OLED display panel.
Background
The OLED is a device having characteristics of self-luminescence, wide viewing angle, fast response, wide color gamut, and foldability, and thus has strong competitiveness in a display of a new age, and research on light emitting characteristics of the OLED is currently under development.
In terms of OLED light extraction, light generated by the organic light emitting layer can only be finally perceived by the viewing angle through various thin film dielectric layers and interfaces (e.g., OLED boundary, substrate interface) with different refractive indexes, and because of the limitation of such an optical structure, most of the light generated by the OLED is lost due to multiple reflections inside the device, wherein only a small portion (about 20%) of the light can be finally perceived by the viewing angle.
The traditional OLED light extraction unit has the defect of insufficient luminous brightness (low luminous efficiency), the color gamut of the generated RGB light is not pure enough, and the luminous service life of the OLED is still to be further improved. Therefore, a reasonably designed light extraction unit is very necessary to improve the light emitting performance of the OLED display.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an OLED display panel, which can improve light extraction efficiency, light color purity, display brightness and light emitting life.
The specific technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an OLED display panel, OLED display panel includes basement, luminescent layer and packaging layer, the luminescent layer set up in on the basement, the packaging layer cover in the surface of luminescent layer, the luminescent layer is including being a plurality of pixel units of array setting, OLED display panel still includes at least one light extraction unit, light extraction unit set up in the packaging layer and with pixel unit corresponds.
Further, the OLED display panel includes a plurality of light extraction units uniformly distributed in the encapsulation layer.
Further, one of any adjacent two pixel units includes the light extraction unit.
Further, one pixel unit of any adjacent three pixel units includes the light extraction unit.
Further, three pixel units of any adjacent four pixel units include the light extraction unit.
Further, the encapsulation layer includes inorganic layers and organic layers, the inorganic layers and the organic layers are alternately stacked, one organic layer is sandwiched between every two adjacent inorganic layers, and the light extraction unit is located in the inorganic layer at the bottom layer of the encapsulation layer.
Further, the pixel unit comprises an R sub-pixel, a G sub-pixel and a B sub-pixel, and the light extraction unit comprises three light extraction structures which are in one-to-one correspondence with the R sub-pixel, the G sub-pixel and the B sub-pixel.
Further, the light extraction structure is an optical waveguide.
Furthermore, the material of the optical waveguide is quartz glass or multi-component glass.
Further, the optical waveguide is a planar waveguide structure or a strip waveguide structure.
The OLED display panel comprises a substrate, a light emitting layer and an encapsulation layer, wherein the light emitting layer is arranged on the substrate, the encapsulation layer covers the surface of the light emitting layer, the light emitting layer comprises a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array mode, the OLED display panel further comprises at least one light extraction unit, the light extraction unit is arranged in the encapsulation layer and corresponds to the pixel units, and the light extraction efficiency can be improved by adding the light extraction unit, so that the light color purity, the display brightness and the light emitting service life are improved.
Drawings
The technical solution and other advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an OLED display panel in embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an OLED pixel structure in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an OLED pixel structure with a light extraction unit in embodiment 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the OLED pixel structure of the first embodiment in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a display unit of the first embodiment in example 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an OLED pixel structure of a second embodiment in example 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a display unit of a second embodiment in example 1;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an OLED pixel structure of a third embodiment in example 1;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a display unit of the third embodiment in example 1;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of an optical waveguide in example 1;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing another structure of the optical waveguide in example 1;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the OLED pixel structure of the first embodiment in example 2;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an OLED pixel structure of a second embodiment in example 2;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an OLED pixel structure of the third embodiment in example 2.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the specific embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to explain the principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable others skilled in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. In the drawings, like reference numerals will be used to refer to like elements throughout.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the OLED display panel provided in this embodiment includes a substrate 1, an OLED pixel structure 2, a polarizing layer 3, and a touch layer 4, which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the OLED pixel structure 2 includes a substrate 21, a light emitting layer 101 and an encapsulation layer 103, the light emitting layer 101 is disposed on the substrate 21, the encapsulation layer 103 covers a surface of the light emitting layer 101, and the encapsulation layer 103 is used for encapsulating the light emitting layer 101. The light emitting layer 101 includes a pixel unit array 22 provided on a substrate 21. The pixel unit array 22 includes a plurality of pixel units 10 arranged in an array, and the OLED display panel further includes at least one light extraction unit 102, where the light extraction unit 102 is disposed in the encapsulation layer 103 and corresponds to the pixel unit 10. Preferably, the OLED display panel includes a plurality of light extraction units 102, and the plurality of light extraction units 102 are uniformly distributed in the encapsulation layer 103.
Each pixel unit 10 includes R, G, and B sub-pixels, which respectively emit red, green, and blue light, and each pixel unit 10 displays a color by combining the three colors of light. One light extraction unit 102 corresponds to one pixel unit 10, and each light extraction unit 102 includes three light extraction structures, which correspond to the R sub-pixel, the G sub-pixel, and the B sub-pixel of the corresponding pixel unit 10 one by one.
In the embodiment, the at least one light extraction unit 102 is added into the encapsulation layer 103, and the at least one light extraction unit 102 is uniformly distributed in the encapsulation layer 103, so that the light extraction efficiency of the whole OLED display panel is greatly improved, and the light color purity, the display brightness and the light emitting life of the OLED display panel are increased.
The arrangement of the light extraction units 102 in this embodiment may be set according to actual needs, and the larger the number of the light extraction units 102 is, the higher the display brightness of the OLED display panel is, but the viewing angle thereof will be reduced, so in order to pursue higher brightness, the same number of the light extraction units 102 as the number of the pixel units 10 may be set, that is, each pixel unit 10 in the plurality of pixel units 10 corresponds to one light extraction unit 102, so that the display brightness and the light color purity of the OLED display panel are the highest, and if the viewing angle width is increased, the number of the light extraction units 102 may be reduced, thereby taking into account both brightness and viewing angle.
The pixel unit array 22 in this embodiment includes a plurality of display units 20, each display unit 20 is formed by at least two adjacent pixel units 10 in each row of the pixel unit array 22, at least one pixel unit 10 of the at least two pixel units 10 corresponds to the light extraction unit 102, for example, as shown in fig. 2, each row of the pixel unit array 22 includes 9 pixel units 10, each display unit 20 includes 3 pixel units 10, and then from left to right, 3 adjacent pixel units 10 form one display unit 20, and each row of the pixel unit array 22 includes 3 display units 20.
The display cells 20 located in the even-numbered rows in the pixel cell array 22 are arranged in the same manner, and the display cells 20 located in the odd-numbered rows in the pixel cell array 22 are staggered from the display cells 20 located in the even-numbered rows in the pixel cell array 22. The display unit 20 on the odd-numbered row in the pixel unit array 22 may be staggered from the display unit 20 on the even-numbered row in the pixel unit array 22 by the distance of one pixel unit 10, or may be a distance of a plurality of pixel units 10, as long as the plurality of pixel units 10 corresponding to the plurality of light extraction units 102 can be uniformly distributed in the pixel unit array 22.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, in the first embodiment of the present embodiment, each display unit 20 includes two pixel units 10, and one of the two pixel units 10 corresponds to a light extraction unit 102 (i.e., shown by hatching in fig. 4), i.e., the number of pixel units 10 corresponding to the light extraction unit 102 accounts for 50% of the total number of pixel units 10.
Specifically, the first row in the pixel unit array 22 includes 9 pixel units 10, and from left to right, two adjacent pixel units 10 form one display unit 20, and assuming that the first pixel unit 10 of each display unit 20 corresponds to the light extraction unit 102, and the display unit 20 located on the odd-numbered row in the pixel unit array 22 is staggered from the display unit 20 located on the even-numbered row in the pixel unit array 22 by the distance of one pixel unit 10, the second row in the pixel unit array 22 starts from the second pixel unit 10, and two adjacent pixel units 10 form one display unit 20. And so on, so that the pixel units 10 corresponding to the light extraction units 102 are uniformly distributed in the pixel unit array 22.
In the first embodiment, the OLED display panel can have a wide viewing angle while increasing the luminance. Of course, the first embodiment is not limited to the arrangement described above, as long as the pixel units 10 corresponding to the light extraction units 102 are uniformly distributed in the pixel unit array 22.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, in the second embodiment of the present embodiment, each display unit 20 includes three pixel units 10, one of the three pixel units 10 corresponds to the light extraction unit 102, that is, the number of the pixel units 10 corresponding to the light extraction unit 102 accounts for 33.3% of the total number of the pixel units 10, and the pixel unit 10 corresponding to the light extraction unit 102 is located in the middle of the three pixel units 10.
Specifically, the first row in the pixel unit array 22 includes 9 pixel units 10, and from left to right, three adjacent pixel units 10 form one display unit 20, and the second pixel unit 10 of each display unit 20 corresponds to the light extraction unit 102, and assuming that the display unit 20 located on the odd-numbered row in the pixel unit array 22 is staggered from the display unit 20 located on the even-numbered row in the pixel unit array 22 by the distance of one pixel unit 10, the second row in the pixel unit array 22 starts from the second pixel unit 10, and the three adjacent pixel units 10 form one display unit 20. And so on, so that the pixel units 10 corresponding to the light extraction units 102 are uniformly distributed in the pixel unit array 22.
In the second embodiment, the OLED display panel has a wider viewing angle than the first embodiment. Of course, the second embodiment is not limited to the above arrangement, as long as the pixel units 10 corresponding to the light extraction units 102 are uniformly distributed in the pixel unit array 22.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, in the third embodiment of the present embodiment, each display unit 20 includes four pixel units 10, and three pixel units of the four pixel units 10 correspond to the light extraction units 102, that is, the number of the pixel units 10 corresponding to the light extraction units 102 accounts for 75% of the total number of the pixel units 10.
Specifically, the first row in the pixel unit array 22 includes 9 pixel units 10, and from left to right, four adjacent pixel units 10 form one display unit 20, and assuming that the first, second, and four pixel units 10 of each display unit 20 correspond to the light extraction unit 102, and the display unit 20 located on the odd-numbered row in the pixel unit array 22 is staggered from the display unit 20 located on the even-numbered row in the pixel unit array 22 by the distance of one pixel unit 10, the second row in the pixel unit array 22 starts from the second pixel unit 10, and the four adjacent pixel units 10 form one display unit 20. And so on, so that the pixel units 10 corresponding to the light extraction units 102 are uniformly distributed in the pixel unit array 22.
In the third embodiment, the OLED display panel has higher luminance than the first embodiment. Of course, the third embodiment is not limited to the above arrangement, as long as the pixel units 10 corresponding to the light extraction units 102 are uniformly distributed in the pixel unit array 22.
The light extraction structure in this embodiment is an optical waveguide, each light extraction unit 102 includes 3 optical waveguides, and the 3 optical waveguides correspond to the R sub-pixels, the G sub-pixels, and the B sub-pixels one to one.
Referring to fig. 10 and 11, the light guide is formed of a plurality of material layers having different refractive indexes, and the light extraction efficiency of the OLED display panel is improved by forming total reflection at the interfaces of the plurality of material layers. The structure of the optical waveguide may be a planar waveguide structure (as shown in fig. 10) including three material layers having different refractive indexes, wherein the refractive index of the material layer located in the middle is higher than the refractive indexes of the material layers located in the bottom and top layers. The optical waveguide may also be a strip waveguide structure (as shown in fig. 11) comprising two layers of material having different refractive indices, wherein the layer of higher refractive index is located in the middle of the layer of lower refractive index.
The material of the optical waveguide may be quartz glass, e.g. SiO2、SiO2-GeO2、SiO2-B2O3F, the material of the optical waveguide may also be a multicomponent glass, for example SiO2-GaO-Na2O、SiO2-B2O3-Na2O。
The encapsulation layer 103 in this embodiment includes a plurality of organic layers and inorganic layers, which are alternately stacked, wherein the lowermost layer of the encapsulation layer 103 is an inorganic layer. The light extraction unit 102 is disposed in the inorganic layer at the bottom of the encapsulation layer 103, so that the organic layer can be prevented from being affected, and the light extraction unit 102 can be added simultaneously without affecting the function of the encapsulation layer 103.
Example 2
In the present embodiment, the pixel unit array 22 includes a plurality of display units 20, each display unit 20 is formed by at least two adjacent pixel units 10 in each column of the pixel unit array 22, and at least one of the at least two pixel units 10 corresponds to the light extraction unit 102, for example, as shown in fig. 2, each column of the pixel unit array 22 includes 9 pixel units 10, each display unit 20 includes 3 pixel units 10, and then from top to bottom, 3 adjacent pixel units 10 form one display unit 20, and each column of the pixel unit array 22 includes 3 display units 20.
The display cells 20 located on even columns in the pixel cell array 22 are arranged in the same manner, and the display cells 20 located on odd columns in the pixel cell array 22 are staggered from the display cells 20 located on even columns in the pixel cell array 22. The display unit 20 located on the odd-numbered column in the pixel unit array 22 and the display unit 20 located on the even-numbered column in the pixel unit array 22 may be staggered by the distance of one pixel unit 10, or may be a distance of a plurality of pixel units 10, as long as the pixel units 10 corresponding to the light extraction units 102 can be uniformly distributed in the pixel unit array 22.
Referring to fig. 12, in the first embodiment of the present embodiment, each display unit 20 includes two pixel units 10, and one of the two pixel units 10 corresponds to the light extraction unit 102, that is, the number of the pixel units 10 corresponding to the light extraction unit 102 accounts for 50% of the total number of the pixel units 10.
Specifically, a first column in the pixel unit array 22 includes 9 pixel units 10, and from top to bottom, two adjacent pixel units 10 form one display unit 20, and assuming that the first pixel unit 10 of each display unit 20 corresponds to the light extraction unit 102, and the display unit 20 located on the odd column in the pixel unit array 22 is staggered from the display unit 20 located on the even column in the pixel unit array 22 by a distance of one pixel unit 10, a second column in the pixel unit array 22 starts from the second pixel unit 10, and two adjacent pixel units 10 form one display unit 20. And so on, so that the pixel units 10 corresponding to the light extraction units 102 are uniformly distributed in the pixel unit array 22.
In the first embodiment, the OLED display panel can have a wide viewing angle while increasing the luminance. Of course, the first embodiment is not limited to the arrangement described above, as long as the pixel units 10 corresponding to the light extraction units 102 are uniformly distributed in the pixel unit array 22.
Referring to fig. 13, in the second embodiment of the present embodiment, each display unit 20 includes three pixel units 10, and one of the three pixel units 10 corresponds to the light extraction unit 102, that is, the number of the pixel units 10 corresponding to the light extraction unit 102 accounts for 33.3% of the total number of the pixel units 10, and the pixel unit 10 corresponding to the light extraction unit 102 is located in the middle of the three pixel units 10.
Specifically, a first column in the pixel unit array 22 includes 9 pixel units 10, from top to bottom, three adjacent pixel units 10 form one display unit 20, and a second pixel unit 10 of each display unit 20 corresponds to the light extraction unit 102, and assuming that the display unit 20 located on the odd-numbered column in the pixel unit array 22 is staggered from the display unit 20 located on the even-numbered column in the pixel unit array 22 by a distance of one pixel unit 10, a second column in the pixel unit array 22 starts from the second pixel unit 10, and the three adjacent pixel units 10 form one display unit 20. And so on, so that the pixel units 10 corresponding to the light extraction units 102 are uniformly distributed in the pixel unit array 22.
In the second embodiment, the OLED display panel has a wider viewing angle than the first embodiment. Of course, the second embodiment is not limited to the above arrangement, as long as the pixel units 10 corresponding to the light extraction units 102 are uniformly distributed in the pixel unit array 22.
Referring to fig. 14, in the third embodiment of the present embodiment, each display unit 20 includes four pixel units 10, and three pixel units of the four pixel units 10 correspond to the light extraction units 102, that is, the number of the pixel units 10 corresponding to the light extraction units 102 accounts for 75% of the total number of the pixel units 10.
Specifically, a first column in the pixel unit array 22 includes 9 pixel units 10, and from top to bottom, four adjacent pixel units 10 form one display unit 20, and assuming that the first, second, and four pixel units 10 of each display unit 20 correspond to the light extraction unit 102, and the display units 20 located on the odd columns in the pixel unit array 22 are staggered from the display units 20 located on the even columns in the pixel unit array 22 by a distance of one pixel unit 10, a second column in the pixel unit array 22 starts from the second pixel unit 10, and the adjacent four pixel units 10 form one display unit 20. And so on, so that the pixel units 10 corresponding to the light extraction units 102 are uniformly distributed in the pixel unit array 22.
In the third embodiment, the OLED display panel has higher luminance than the first embodiment. Of course, the third embodiment is not limited to the above arrangement, as long as the pixel units 10 corresponding to the light extraction units 102 are uniformly distributed in the pixel unit array 22.
The foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present application and it is noted that numerous modifications and adaptations may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present application and are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The OLED display panel is characterized by comprising a substrate, a light emitting layer and an encapsulation layer, wherein the light emitting layer is arranged on the substrate, the encapsulation layer covers the surface of the light emitting layer, the light emitting layer comprises a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array mode, the OLED display panel further comprises at least one light extraction unit, and the light extraction unit is arranged in the encapsulation layer and corresponds to the pixel units; the packaging layer comprises inorganic layers and organic layers, the inorganic layers and the organic layers are alternately stacked, one organic layer is sandwiched between every two adjacent inorganic layers, and the light extraction unit is positioned in the inorganic layer at the bottom layer of the packaging layer; the pixel unit comprises an R sub-pixel, a G sub-pixel and a B sub-pixel, the light extraction unit comprises three light extraction structures, and the three light extraction structures correspond to the R sub-pixel, the G sub-pixel and the B sub-pixel one to one.
2. The OLED display panel of claim 1, wherein the OLED display panel comprises a plurality of light extraction units that are uniformly distributed in the encapsulation layer.
3. The OLED display panel of claim 2, wherein one of any two adjacent pixel cells includes the light extraction unit.
4. The OLED display panel of claim 2, wherein one of any adjacent three pixel cells includes the light extraction unit.
5. The OLED display panel of claim 2, wherein three of any adjacent four pixel cells include the light extraction unit.
6. The OLED display panel of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the light extraction structure is an optical waveguide.
7. The OLED display panel of claim 6, wherein the optical waveguide is made of quartz glass or multi-component glass.
8. The OLED display panel of claim 6, wherein the optical waveguide is a planar waveguide structure or a strip waveguide structure.
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CN110690363B (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2021-07-23 | 武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | OLED display device |
CN113328052B (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2024-02-13 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | display panel |
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CN104103776A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2014-10-15 | 三星显示有限公司 | Organic light emitting display device and manufacturing method thereof |
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