CN108614585B - Novel automatic light tracing mechanism based on shape memory alloy - Google Patents
Novel automatic light tracing mechanism based on shape memory alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN108614585B CN108614585B CN201810554672.5A CN201810554672A CN108614585B CN 108614585 B CN108614585 B CN 108614585B CN 201810554672 A CN201810554672 A CN 201810554672A CN 108614585 B CN108614585 B CN 108614585B
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D3/00—Control of position or direction
- G05D3/12—Control of position or direction using feedback
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/20—Optical components
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a novel automatic light tracing mechanism based on a shape memory alloy, and belongs to the technical field of power and transmission. Comprises a shell, a shape memory alloy spring A, a shape memory alloy spring B, a supporting rod, a guide rail groove, a sliding block and a power output shaft; the shell encloses a hollow disc structure, the whole outer surface is sealed and light-tight, and the outermost ring is of a solid tire-shaped structure; the inside is equipped with the guide rail groove, is equipped with the slider in the guide rail groove, and the slider is articulated with the one end of branch, and branch drives the slider and slides in the guide rail groove, still is equipped with spacing point A and spacing point B in the guide rail groove, is connected through shape memory alloy spring A and shape memory alloy spring B between the extreme point of the branch that two spacing points and slider are located. The light tracking mechanism is simple in structure, low in cost and free of waste of redundant energy sources, 360-degree light tracking is realized through the combined use of the two light tracking mechanisms, the sensitivity is high, and the solar energy collecting efficiency of the spacecraft is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power and transmission, and particularly relates to a novel automatic light-following mechanism based on a shape memory alloy.
Background
The light-following mechanism is a solar position tracking mechanism, and can realize multiple functions of directional rotation of a solar sailboard, power generation efficiency improvement and the like. With the increasing importance of solar energy in various countries of the world, various light tracking mechanisms have been designed and put into use. However, in the existing light following system, the main scheme is still a mode of the cooperation of the traditional sensor and the stepping motor, and the whole system comprises a photosensitive sensor, a calculation processor and the stepping motor. The photosensitive sensor detects the position of the sun, then the deviation between the current working state and the target state is calculated through the calculation processor, and the output signal drives the stepping motor to drive the whole mechanism to rotate, so that the aim of sun tracking is fulfilled. Its advantages are high precision, complex constitution and low reliability. In addition, the materials and energy consumption costs of the device itself are high due to the need for electric drive of the stepper motor (Dan Yujun, liu Zhenlai, lucky to the design of solar tracking systems [ J ]. University of hexi, journal 2015, 31 (5): 51-55.).
In recent years, a liquid thermal expansion driving type light-following scheme different from the conventional scheme has been proposed. As shown in fig. 5, the scheme comprises a photovoltaic panel mounted on a base through a central support column and a hydraulic cylinder mounted below the photovoltaic panel and used for driving the photovoltaic panel to rotate around the central support column; the photovoltaic board movable mounting is in the upper end of center support column to be connected with solar energy tracking drive arrangement, the upper end of center support column is installed through vertical pivoted hinge and is rotated vertically supporting shoe, and the supporting shoe is articulated with the photovoltaic board through the photovoltaic board pivot, and the photovoltaic board can be wound the photovoltaic board pivot is relative supporting shoe transversely rotates, utilizes the hydraulic stem of the expend with heat and contract with cold drive hydraulic cylinder of fluid, and the hydraulic stem drives the photovoltaic board rotates.
The light tracking mechanism uses the heated expansion of oil liquid as driving force, utilizes the characteristic of being non-gasified and non-compressible in the hydraulic oil cylinder, realizes the tracking of the biaxial sunlight, and ensures that the photovoltaic panel always faces the sun, but the device has higher material requirement on the hydraulic oil, and the precision of rotating along with the irradiation direction of the sunlight is difficult to control (CN 205792413U, 2016-12-07).
In summary, the existing track following mechanism generally has the defects of complex device and large accumulated error, and a new automatic track following machine is proposed to form a break in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel automatic light-following mechanism based on shape memory alloy, which aims to solve the problems of complex structure, high motor energy consumption, obvious accumulated error, serious influence of weather and the like in the traditional light-following mechanism.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a novel automatic light tracing mechanism based on shape memory alloy comprises a shell, a shape memory alloy spring A, a shape memory alloy spring B, a support rod, a guide rail groove, a sliding block and a power output shaft; the shell encloses a hollow disc structure, the whole outer surface is sealed and light-tight, and the outermost ring is of a solid tire-shaped structure; the tyre structure is provided with evenly distributed through holes, the inner wall of each through hole is coated with light absorption paint, and annular guide rail grooves are formed in the tyre structure; a sliding block is arranged in the guide rail groove and is hinged with one end of a supporting rod, and the supporting rod drives the sliding block to slide in the guide rail groove; the other end of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with a power output shaft, and the power output shaft and the supporting rod keep synchronous rotation; the edge of the guide rail groove is also provided with a limit point A and a limit point B, the two limit points are arranged on the same diameter of the disc, the two limit points are connected with the end points of the supporting rod where the sliding block is positioned through a shape memory alloy spring A and a shape memory alloy spring B, and the lengths of the shape memory alloy spring A and the shape memory alloy spring B are equal; the size of the sliding block is larger than or equal to the diameter of the through hole, so that the sliding block can be thoroughly blocked when passing through the through hole.
Further, the part of the power output shaft in the disc structure is made of transparent materials, the supporting rod is made of transparent materials, and the sliding block is made of opaque and non-heat conducting materials.
Further, the shape memory alloy spring may shrink when heated.
Further, the external end of the power output shaft is connected to a light or backlight device to control its rotation.
Furthermore, at least two automatic light-following mechanisms are needed for achieving the purpose of 360-degree omnibearing sensitization. One of the two light following mechanisms is called a light following mechanism A, and the other is called a light following mechanism B. The light-following mechanism A is fixed on the ground or a static object, and a power output shaft of the light-following mechanism A is connected with a radial shell of the light-following mechanism B, so that the light-following mechanism B can rotate along with the power output shaft of the light-following mechanism A, and an extension line of the power output shaft of the light-following mechanism A is intersected with the circle center of the light-following mechanism B; the power output shaft of the light-following mechanism B and the support rod therein keep synchronous rotation, and the external end point of the power output shaft of the light-following mechanism B is connected with a light-guiding or backlight device to control the rotation thereof.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) Simple structure, with low costs: the invention gives up the sensor and the stepping motor module in the existing common light-following mechanism, only plays the dual roles of sensitization and transmission through the shape memory alloy material, greatly simplifies the light-following system mechanism and reduces the production and popularization cost; (2) no waste of redundant energy: the invention has no energy consumption component, and the shape memory alloy only uses absorbed sunlight to realize shape change so as to output power; (3) 360 DEG light following, high sensitivity: the invention can realize 360-degree light tracking through the composite use of the two mechanisms; the solar energy solar panel steering mechanism can be applied to an automatic steering mechanism of the solar panel of the spacecraft, the solar panel is always positioned on the sunny side with high sensitivity, and the solar energy collecting efficiency of the spacecraft is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall outline of a light tracing mechanism, wherein light is incident from the left side, a shape memory alloy spring A is heated and contracted, and a pulling mechanism begins to deflect leftwards;
FIG. 2 shows the light tracing mechanism deflected from the state shown in FIG. 1 to the state shown in FIG. 2, wherein the support rod and the light are collinear, and the through hole is blocked so that the shape memory alloy spring A is not heated any more, and the deflection is stopped, thereby realizing the light tracing of the mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of two sets of light tracking mechanisms vertically arranged to achieve 360 DEG sensitization and light tracking by increasing the degree of freedom;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a light-following mechanism B;
fig. 5 is a liquid thermal expansion driven solar tracking system.
Reference numerals: 1. a housing; 2. a shape memory alloy spring A; 3. a shape memory alloy spring B; 4. a support rod; 5. a guide rail groove; 6. a slide block; 7. a power output shaft; 8. a light tracing mechanism A; 9. a light tracing mechanism B; 10. a first through hole; 11. a second through hole; 12. to a light or backlight device; 13. a fixed rod; 14. a central support column 15, a base; 16. a photovoltaic panel; 17. a hinge; 18. a support block; 19. a photovoltaic panel spindle; 20. a hydraulic cylinder; 21. a wire rope; 22. a light shielding plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in FIG. 1, the novel automatic light tracing mechanism based on the shape memory alloy comprises a shell 1, a shape memory alloy spring A2, a shape memory alloy spring B3, a support rod 4, a guide rail groove 5, a sliding block 6 and a power output shaft 7; the shell 1 encloses a hollow disc structure, the whole outer surface is sealed and light-tight, and the outermost ring is of a solid tire-shaped structure; the tire structure is provided with evenly distributed through holes, the inner wall of each through hole is coated with light absorption paint, and annular guide rail grooves 5 are formed in the tire structure; a slide block 6 is arranged in the guide rail groove 5, the slide block 6 is hinged with one end of the supporting rod 4, and the supporting rod 4 drives the slide block 6 to slide in the guide rail groove 5; the other end of the supporting rod 4 is fixedly connected with a power output shaft 7, and the power output shaft 7 and the supporting rod 4 keep synchronous rotation; the edge of the guide rail groove 5 is also provided with a limit point A and a limit point B, the two limit points are arranged on the same diameter of the disc, the two limit points are connected with the end points of the supporting rod 4 where the sliding block 6 is arranged through a shape memory alloy spring A2 and a shape memory alloy spring B3, and the lengths of the shape memory alloy spring A2 and the shape memory alloy spring B3 are equal; the size of the slide block 6 is larger than or equal to the diameter of the through hole so as to ensure that the slide block 6 can be thoroughly blocked when passing through the through hole. The part of the power output shaft 7 in the disc structure is made of transparent materials, the supporting rod 4 is made of transparent materials, and the sliding block 6 is made of opaque and non-heat conducting materials. The shape memory alloy spring may shrink when heated. The external end of the power output shaft 7 is connected to the desired light or backlight to control its rotation. In order to achieve the purpose of 360-degree omnibearing sensitization, at least two automatic light following mechanisms are needed.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, at least two automatic light-following mechanisms are needed to achieve 360 ° omnibearing light-sensing. The light-tracing mechanism A8 is fixed on the ground or a static object, and the power output shaft 7 of the light-tracing mechanism A8 is connected with the radial shell of the light-tracing mechanism B9, so that the light-tracing mechanism B9 can rotate along with the power output shaft 7 of the light-tracing mechanism A8, and the extension line of the power output shaft 7 of the light-tracing mechanism A8 intersects with the circle center of the light-tracing mechanism B9; the power output shaft 7 of the light-following mechanism B9 and the support rod 4 thereof keep synchronous rotation, and the external end point of the power output shaft 7 of the light-following mechanism B9 is connected with a light-guiding or backlight device 12 to control the rotation thereof; the power output shaft 7 of the light-following mechanism B9 is connected with the shell 1 thereof through a fixed rod 13, so that the power output shaft 7 of the light-following mechanism B9 can only rotate around a central point and does not move.
The working principle of the automatic light following mechanism is as follows:
1. sensing mechanism: as shown in fig. 1 and 2, when a light beam parallel to the axis of the through hole 10 irradiates the shape memory alloy spring A2, the shape memory alloy spring A2 is heated and contracted to drive the supporting rod 4 to rotate, the supporting rod 4 drives the top sliding block 6 and the power output shaft 7 to synchronously rotate, and meanwhile, the shape memory alloy spring B3 is elongated. The shape memory alloy spring A2 continues to shrink under heat until the strut 4 rotates to a position parallel to the solar rays. The sliding block 6 at the top end of the supporting rod 4 moves to a position just blocking the first through hole 10 along the guide rail groove 5, the shape memory alloy spring A2 is not irradiated by light any more, deformation is stopped, and the rotation of the light tracing mechanism is stopped.
When the light ray position moves, it is assumed here that the light ray rotates clockwise by an angle around the power output shaft 7, and is incident parallel to the axis of the through hole two 11. At this time, the shape memory alloy spring B3 is irradiated by light to shrink under heating, so as to drive the supporting rod 4 to rotate, the supporting rod 4 drives the top sliding block 6 and the power output shaft 7 to synchronously rotate, and meanwhile, the shape memory alloy spring A2 is lengthened. The mechanism constantly repeats the above-mentioned movements, ensuring that the rod 4 is always parallel to the light.
When the light rays move to the plane opposite to the process, the part of the power output shaft 7 in the disc structure and the support rods 4 are made of transparent materials, and the light rays can still irradiate the shape memory alloy spring through the transparent materials, so that the mechanism motion is the same as the process.
A driving mechanism: as shown in fig. 3 and 4, when the power output shaft 7 of the light-following mechanism A8 rotates along with the strut 4 therein, the light-following mechanism B9 rotates together with the power output shaft 7 of the light-following mechanism A8, the power output shaft 7 of the light-following mechanism B9 rotates synchronously along with the strut 4 of the light-following mechanism B9, and the two light-following mechanisms regulate together to control the rotation of the external light-guiding or backlight device 12.
The power output shaft 7 of the light-following mechanism B9 is connected with the shell 1 thereof through the fixed rod 13, so that the power output shaft 7 of the light-following mechanism B9 can only rotate around a central point and does not move.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the invention is merely illustrative of the invention and is not intended to be limiting. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that many variations, modifications, and even equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The novel automatic light-following mechanism based on the shape memory alloy is characterized by comprising a shell (1), a shape memory alloy spring A (2), a shape memory alloy spring B (3), a support rod (4), a guide rail groove (5), a sliding block (6) and a power output shaft (7);
the shell (1) encloses a hollow disc structure, the whole outer surface is sealed and light-tight, and the outermost ring is of a solid tire-shaped structure;
the tyre-shaped structure is provided with evenly distributed through holes, the inner wall of each through hole is coated with light absorption paint, and a circular guide rail groove (5) is formed in the tyre-shaped structure;
a sliding block (6) is arranged in the guide rail groove (5), the sliding block (6) is hinged with one end of the supporting rod (4), and the supporting rod (4) drives the sliding block (6) to slide in the guide rail groove (5);
the other end of the supporting rod (4) is fixedly connected with a power output shaft (7), and the power output shaft (7) and the supporting rod (4) keep synchronous rotation;
the edge of the guide rail groove (5) is also provided with a limit point A and a limit point B, the two limit points are arranged on the same diameter of the disc, the two limit points are connected with the end points of the supporting rod (4) where the sliding block (6) is arranged through the shape memory alloy spring A (2) and the shape memory alloy spring B (3), and the lengths of the shape memory alloy spring A (2) and the shape memory alloy spring B (3) are equal;
the size of the sliding block (6) is larger than or equal to the diameter of the through hole, so that the sliding block (6) can be thoroughly blocked when passing through the through hole; the part of the power output shaft (7) in the disc structure is made of transparent materials, the supporting rod (4) is made of transparent materials, and the sliding block (6) is made of opaque and non-heat-conducting materials.
2. The novel automatic light-following mechanism based on shape memory alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shape memory alloy spring is shrunk when heated.
3. A new type automatic light-following mechanism based on shape memory alloy according to claim 2, characterized in that the external end point of the power output shaft (7) is connected to a light-directing or backlight device to control its rotation.
4. A novel automatic light-following mechanism based on shape memory alloy as claimed in claim 3, wherein at least two of said automatic light-following mechanisms are required for 360 ° omnibearing light-sensing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810554672.5A CN108614585B (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | Novel automatic light tracing mechanism based on shape memory alloy |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810554672.5A CN108614585B (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | Novel automatic light tracing mechanism based on shape memory alloy |
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| CN108614585A CN108614585A (en) | 2018-10-02 |
| CN108614585B true CN108614585B (en) | 2024-02-13 |
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| CN201810554672.5A Active CN108614585B (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | Novel automatic light tracing mechanism based on shape memory alloy |
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| CN114039535B (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2023-07-07 | 广州大学 | Multi-dimensional adjustable solar light following device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11125765A (en) * | 1997-08-22 | 1999-05-11 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Tracking type solar power generating device and sunshine tracking device |
| JP2000150943A (en) * | 1998-11-05 | 2000-05-30 | Koji Hashimoto | Device and method of sun-tracking |
| US6302099B1 (en) * | 1999-09-16 | 2001-10-16 | Mcdermott Patrick P. | Modular solar tracking frame |
| CN2518044Y (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2002-10-23 | 刘紫千 | Electromagnetic solar follower |
| CN205792413U (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-12-07 | 瞿曦 | A kind of liquid thermal expansion drive-type solar-tracking system |
| WO2017181991A1 (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2017-10-26 | Rainbow Quantic Limited | Rotary actuator using shape memory alloy wires in traction |
| CN208384426U (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2019-01-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of new type auto mechanism of following spot based on marmem |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI346762B (en) * | 2008-07-18 | 2011-08-11 | Univ Nat Taiwan | Rail-type solar tracking system with focusing function |
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2018
- 2018-05-31 CN CN201810554672.5A patent/CN108614585B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11125765A (en) * | 1997-08-22 | 1999-05-11 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Tracking type solar power generating device and sunshine tracking device |
| JP2000150943A (en) * | 1998-11-05 | 2000-05-30 | Koji Hashimoto | Device and method of sun-tracking |
| US6302099B1 (en) * | 1999-09-16 | 2001-10-16 | Mcdermott Patrick P. | Modular solar tracking frame |
| CN2518044Y (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2002-10-23 | 刘紫千 | Electromagnetic solar follower |
| WO2017181991A1 (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2017-10-26 | Rainbow Quantic Limited | Rotary actuator using shape memory alloy wires in traction |
| CN205792413U (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-12-07 | 瞿曦 | A kind of liquid thermal expansion drive-type solar-tracking system |
| CN208384426U (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2019-01-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of new type auto mechanism of following spot based on marmem |
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