CN108614289B - Synchronous value-fixing device and method for radon exhalation rate measuring instrument - Google Patents
Synchronous value-fixing device and method for radon exhalation rate measuring instrument Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052704 radon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 301
- SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N radon atom Chemical compound [Rn] SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 295
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- LBDSXVIYZYSRII-IGMARMGPSA-N alpha-particle Chemical compound [4He+2] LBDSXVIYZYSRII-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012946 outsourcing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003257 radon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T7/00—Details of radiation-measuring instruments
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Abstract
A synchronous constant value device and a synchronous constant value method for a radon exhalation rate measuring instrument relate to the technical field of nuclear radiation detection, the synchronous constant value device for the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument comprises a filling block which is detachably connected to the inner wall of a radon exhalation rate chamber of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument and a radon exhalation rate rapid constant value unit which is connected in series on an air inlet or air return pipeline of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument, and a radon exhalation rate value measured by the radon exhalation rate rapid constant value unit is used as a standard for constant value of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument. Specifically, the radon exhalation rate rapid setting unit is used for carrying out equivalence on the changed radon concentration by adopting a difference method, and the radon concentration value in the next measurement period is calculated by combining the corresponding scale factor value and alpha particle counting data collected by the detector in the measurement process with the radon concentration in the previous measurement period, so that the radon exhalation rate setting speed is extremely high, the time for setting the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument can be greatly shortened, the deviation caused by long time consumed in the setting process is reduced, and the setting accuracy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear radiation detection, in particular to a synchronous constant value device and method for a radon exhalation rate measuring instrument.
Background
The commonly used method for measuring the radon exhalation rate on the surface of the medium is an accumulation method, namely, a radon collection chamber is tightly buckled on the surface of the medium, and the radon exhalation rate can be reversely deduced by measuring the radon which is precipitated into the radon collection chamber within a period of time. The accumulated radon exhalation rate measuring instrument is a commonly used radon exhalation rate measuring instrument, and the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument needs to be verified (fixed value) after being newly manufactured, used and maintained so as to ensure the working reliability.
Chinese patent document CN105225267A discloses a system for measuring radon exhalation rate (i.e. an accumulated radon exhalation rate measuring instrument), in which fig. 1 shows a working schematic diagram of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument, and during measurement, the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument and a radon collecting cover are connected in series through two pipes to form a loop. The constant value operation of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument is usually carried out on a standard radon chamber, the radon exhalation rate value measured by the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument is compared with the theoretical radon exhalation rate value of the standard radon chamber, and then the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument is set according to the comparison result. In the method, the time consumed by each time of setting is very long, in the setting process, repeated measurement needs to be carried out for many times for verifying repeatability, and in an ideal state, the radon exhalation rate of the standard radon chamber can be kept unchanged in the repeated measurement process but limited by an actual environment, the radon exhalation rate of the standard radon chamber is not constant and unchangeable, for example, the atmospheric pressure of the environment can be changed along with the lapse of time, the radon exhalation rate can be changed due to the change of the atmospheric pressure, even within the same day, the radon exhalation rate in the afternoon is different from the radon exhalation rate in the morning, so that the measurement result can be deviated, and the setting accuracy is influenced. In addition, for a monitoring group executing a task of outsourcing, the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument needs to be sent to the location of the standard radon chamber every time of value setting operation, and if the task location is far away from the location of the standard radon chamber, the working efficiency is greatly influenced, and the monitoring group is extremely inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a synchronous constant value device of a radon exhalation rate measuring instrument, which can quickly and accurately complete the constant value of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument and is suitable for directly synchronously setting the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument on a task site.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a synchronous constant value device of a radon exhalation rate measuring instrument comprises a filling block which is detachably connected to the inner wall of a radon exhalation rate measuring instrument set radon chamber and a radon exhalation rate quick constant value unit which is serially connected to an air inlet or air return pipeline of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument;
the rapid radon exhalation rate constant value unit comprises an insulation shell, a measuring chamber and a high-voltage moduleThe measuring chamber is arranged in the insulating shell, the volume of the filling block is equal to the increased volume of an airflow circulation loop caused by the fact that a radon exhalation rate quick constant value unit is connected in series, conducting layers made of conducting materials are arranged on the side wall and the bottom wall of the measuring chamber, the bottom of the insulating shell is connected with a bottom cover, an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged on the bottom cover, the front end of the air inlet is connected with a radon daughter filter, the air inlet and the air outlet are communicated with the measuring chamber through a first air inlet hole formed in the bottom wall of the insulating shell, a semiconductor detector is arranged on the top wall of the measuring chamber, the high-voltage module is electrically connected with the conducting layers, an electrostatic field is formed between the measuring chamber and the semiconductor detector, and the first generation daughter generated by radon decay is enabled to generate218Po is adsorbed to the surface of the semiconductor detector under the action of the electrostatic field, the semiconductor detector is connected with a signal and data processing module, the signal and data processing module is used for processing an electric signal formed by the semiconductor detector and calculating a radon exhalation rate value, and the radon exhalation rate quick setting unit sets the radon exhalation rate on the surface of the medium according to the radon exhalation rate setting process comprising the following steps:
firstly, quickly tracking and measuring the changed radon concentration;
and (3) carrying out equivalence on the changed radon concentration by using an interpolation method: firstly, the environmental background is measured to obtain the environmental radon concentration C0And after the environment background measurement is finished, radon collection is started, wherein T is used as a measurement period in the radon collection process, and the radon concentration at the end of the nth measurement period is as follows:
Cn＝C0+ΔC1+ΔC2+....+ΔCn＝K0,(n+1)N0,(n+1)+K1,(n+1)N1,(n+1)+K2,(n+1)N2,(n+1)+…+2Kn,(n+1)Nn,(n+1)(1)；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Nn,(n+1)＝Nn+1-N0,(n+1)-N1,(n+1)....-N(n-1),(n+1)；
in the above formula, K0,(n+1)The scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of measurement to the beginning of the (n + 1) th measurement period under the condition of constant radon concentration; k1,(n+1)The scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of the 1 st measuring period to the beginning of the n +1 th measuring period under the condition of constant radon concentration; k2,(n+1)The scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of the 2 nd measuring period to the beginning of the n +1 th measuring period under the condition of constant radon concentration; kn,(n+1)The scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of the nth measurement period to the beginning of the (n + 1) th measurement period under the condition of constant radon concentration; k0,nThe scale factor is the scale factor of the time from the beginning of measurement to the beginning of the nth measurement period under the condition of constant radon concentration; k1,nThe scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of the 1 st measuring period to the beginning of the nth measuring period under the condition of constant radon concentration; n is a radical of0,(n+1)Alpha particle numbers which are generated by the decay of the radon separated out when the measurement is started to the beginning of the (n + 1) th measurement period and collected by the semiconductor detector; n is a radical of1,(n+1)Alpha particle numbers generated by decay of radon separated from the beginning of the 1 st measuring period to the beginning of the n +1 th measuring period and collected by the semiconductor detector; n is a radical of2,(n+1)Alpha particle numbers generated by decay of radon separated from the beginning of the 2 nd measurement period to the beginning of the n +1 th measurement period and collected by the semiconductor detector; n is a radical ofn,(n+1)Alpha particle numbers generated by decay of radon separated from the beginning of the nth measurement period to the beginning of the (n + 1) th measurement period and collected by the semiconductor detector; n is a radical ofn+1The total alpha particle count value collected by the semiconductor detector at the beginning of the (n + 1) th measurement period;
the scale factor values in formula (1) are all calculated by the following formula (2);
wherein, KSign board＝CSign board/ΔNP
Ki,jIs from the first toScale factors of the time from the beginning of the i measurement period to the beginning of the j measurement period; t isSign boardThe radon exhalation rate measuring instrument is subjected to constant value measurement cycle duration K under the condition that the radon concentration of a standard radon chamber is constantSign boardFor measuring the period TSign boardThe scale factor of (d); cSign boardFor measuring the period TSign boardRadon concentration at the end; delta NPTo be in a measuring period TSign boardAt the end, the semiconductor detector collects alpha particle count values; t is a measurement period TSign boardOther than the duration of each measuring period, λR、λPRespectively is radon,218Decay constant of Po, where λR＝2.1×10-6s-1，λP＝3.7×10-3s-1；
Secondly, rapidly setting the radon exhalation rate;
calculating a radon concentration value at the end of each measurement period in the radon collection process according to the formulas (1) and (2), and calculating the radon exhalation rate according to the radon concentration value by the following method:
firstly, calculating radon concentration C1 from radon collection to the end of a first measurement period and radon concentration Ci at the end of an ith measurement period according to formula (1), wherein i is more than or equal to 3;
and calculating the radon exhalation rate according to the following formula:
v is the sum of the effective volume of the rapid radon exhalation rate fixed value unit, the volume of each gas guide pipeline, the effective volume of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument and the effective volume of the radon collection chamber;
s is the bottom area of a radon collection chamber corresponding to the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument;
n is the number of measurements.
The radon exhalation rate rapid fixed value unit further comprises a bottom cover installed on the insulating shell, the top end of the bottom cover is open, the air inlet and the air outlet are formed in the bottom of the bottom cover, and the bottom cover is upwards sleeved outside the insulating shell from the lower end of the insulating shell and is in threaded connection with the insulating shell.
Wherein, the conducting layer is made of metal material.
As another aspect of the present invention, a method for synchronously calibrating a radon exhalation rate measuring instrument by using the synchronous calibrating device for a radon exhalation rate measuring instrument comprises the following steps:
connecting a filling block to a radon collecting cover corresponding to the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument, and connecting the radon exhalation rate quick constant value unit in series on an air inlet or air return pipeline of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument;
and step two, after the environment background measurement is finished, covering the radon collection cover on the surface of the medium to collect radon, simultaneously measuring the radon precipitation rate value on the surface of the medium by the radon precipitation rate quick setting unit and the radon precipitation rate measuring instrument, and setting the radon precipitation rate value measured by the radon precipitation rate quick setting unit as a standard value for the radon precipitation rate measuring instrument.
The radon exhalation rate quick setting unit is connected in series with the air inlet or air return pipeline of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument, the radon exhalation rate value measured by the radon exhalation rate quick setting unit is used as a standard to set a value of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument, and the radon exhalation rate quick setting unit connected in series with the air inlet or air return pipeline is used for carrying out equivalence on the changed radon concentration by adopting a difference method (C)n＝Cn-1+ΔCn＝C0+ΔC1+ΔC2+…+ΔCn) The radon concentration value of the next measurement period is calculated by combining the corresponding scale factor value and alpha particle counting data collected by the detector in the measurement process with the radon concentration of the previous measurement period, and the radon concentration value has extremely high radon exhalation rate setting speed because a mixing balance process is not needed when the radon concentration is measured, so that the time for setting the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument can be greatly shortened, the deviation caused by overlong time is reduced, and the setting accuracy is improved. Particularly, the device can also be used for valuing a radon exhalation rate measuring instrument on a measuring site, simultaneously measuring the radon exhalation rate on the surface of the medium by the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument and a radon exhalation rate quick valuing unit, and then valuing the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument by taking a radon exhalation rate value measured by the radon exhalation rate quick valuing unit as a standard, so that the device can be used for valuing the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument under the condition that a task place is far away from the place where a standard radon chamber is located, and can be used for valuing a large radon exhalation rate measuring instrument under theGreatly improves the fixed value working efficiency and is very convenient to operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure of a radon exhalation rate rapid constant value unit and a radon exhalation rate measuring instrument when the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument is set with a constant value according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the radon exhalation rate rapid valuing unit of the present invention performing equivalence on a changing radon concentration by using a difference method;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a radon exhalation rate rapid valuing unit in the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the filling block of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-filling block 2-radon exhalation rate quick definite value unit 3-radon daughter filter
2 a-insulating shell 2 b-measuring chamber 2 c-high voltage module
2 d-Signal and data processing Module 2 e-semiconductor Detector 2 f-bottom cover
2b1 — conductive layer.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate a better understanding of the improvements of the present invention over the prior art for those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, Ki,jA scale factor N representing the time from the beginning of the ith measurement period to the beginning of the jth measurement period under the condition of constant radon concentrationi,jRepresenting the alpha particle number generated by the decay of the radon extracted from the beginning of the ith measurement period to the beginning of the jth measurement period and collected by the detector; n is a radical ofjIs the total alpha particle count collected by the detector at the beginning of the jth measurement cycle. The above i and j are only one code number and are used to represent any natural number.
Fig. 1 shows a connection mode of a synchronous constant value device of a radon exhalation rate measuring instrument and the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument, wherein the synchronous constant value device of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument comprises a filling block 1 (the structure of the filling block 1 is shown in fig. 3) which is detachably connected to the inner wall of a radon exhalation rate chamber of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument and a radon exhalation rate quick constant value unit 2 which is connected in series on an air inlet or air return pipeline of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument, and a radon exhalation rate value measured by the radon exhalation rate quick constant value unit 2 is used as a standard for setting a value of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument;
the structure of the radon exhalation rate rapid setting unit 2 is shown in fig. 3, and comprises an insulating housing 2a, a measuring chamber 2b, a high-voltage module 2c, and a signal and data processing module 2d, wherein the measuring chamber 2b is arranged in the insulating housing 2a, the volume of a filling block 1 is equal to the volume increased by an airflow circulation loop caused by the radon exhalation rate rapid setting unit 2, conductive layers 2b1 made of conductive materials are arranged on the side wall and the bottom wall of the measuring chamber 2b, the bottom of the insulating housing 2a is connected with a bottom cover 2f, the bottom cover 2f is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the front end of the air inlet is connected with a radon filter 3, the air inlet and the air outlet are communicated with the measuring chamber 2b through a first air inlet hole formed in the bottom wall of the insulating housing 2a, a semiconductor detector 2e is arranged on the top wall of the measuring chamber 2b, and the high-voltage module 2c is electrically connected, thereby forming an electrostatic field between the measuring chamber 2b and the semiconductor detector 2e, so that the first generation daughter generated by radon decay218Po is adsorbed to the surface of the semiconductor detector 2e under the action of the electrostatic field, the semiconductor detector 2e is connected with the signal and data processing module 2d, the signal and data processing module 2d is used for processing an electric signal formed by the semiconductor detector 2e and calculating a radon exhalation rate value, and the radon exhalation rate rapid value determining unit 2 comprises the following steps of:
firstly, quickly tracking and measuring the changed radon concentration;
and (3) carrying out equivalence on the changed radon concentration by using an interpolation method: firstly, the environmental background is measured to obtain the environmental radon concentration C0And after the environment background measurement is finished, radon collection is started, wherein T is used as a measurement period in the radon collection process, and the radon concentration at the end of the nth measurement period is as follows:
Cn＝C0+ΔC1+ΔC2+....+ΔCn＝K0,(n+1)N0,(n+1)+K1,(n+1)N1,(n+1)+K2,(n+1)N2,(n+1)+…+2Kn,(n+1)Nn,(n+1)(1)；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Nn,(n+1)＝Nn+1-N0,(n+1)-N1,(n+1)....-N(n-1),(n+1)；
in the above formula, K0,(n+1)The scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of measurement to the beginning of the (n + 1) th measurement period under the condition of constant radon concentration; k1,(n+1)The scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of the 1 st measuring period to the beginning of the n +1 th measuring period under the condition of constant radon concentration; k2,(n+1)The scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of the 2 nd measuring period to the beginning of the n +1 th measuring period under the condition of constant radon concentration; kn,(n+1)The scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of the nth measurement period to the beginning of the (n + 1) th measurement period under the condition of constant radon concentration; k0,nThe scale factor is the scale factor of the time from the beginning of measurement to the beginning of the nth measurement period under the condition of constant radon concentration; k1,nThe scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of the 1 st measuring period to the beginning of the nth measuring period under the condition of constant radon concentration; n is a radical of0,(n+1)Alpha particle numbers generated by the decay of the radon precipitated during the beginning of the measurement period from the n +1 th measurement period and collected by the semiconductor detector 2 e; n is a radical of1,(n+1)Alpha particle numbers generated by decay of the radon precipitated from the beginning of the 1 st measurement period to the beginning of the n +1 th measurement period and collected by the semiconductor detector 2 e; n is a radical of2,(n+1)Alpha particle numbers generated by decay of the radon precipitated from the beginning of the 2 nd measurement period to the beginning of the n +1 th measurement period and collected by the semiconductor detector 2 e; n is a radical ofn,(n+1)Alpha particle numbers generated by decay of the radon precipitated from the beginning of the nth measurement period to the beginning of the (n + 1) th measurement period and collected by the semiconductor detector 2 e; n is a radical ofn+1At the beginning of the (n + 1) th measurement period2e, collecting the total alpha particle count value;
the scale factor values in formula (1) are all calculated by the following formula (2);
wherein, KSign board＝CSign board/ΔNP
Ki,jA scale factor of the time from the beginning of the ith measurement period to the beginning of the jth measurement period; t isSign boardThe radon exhalation rate measuring instrument is subjected to constant value measurement cycle duration K under the condition that the radon concentration of a standard radon chamber is constantSign boardFor measuring the period TSign boardThe scale factor of (d); cSign boardFor measuring the period TSign boardRadon concentration at the end; delta NPTo be in a measuring period TSign boardAt the end, the α particle count value collected by the semiconductor detector 2 e; t is a measurement period TSign boardOther than the duration of each measuring period, λR、λPRespectively is radon,218Decay constant of Po, where λR＝2.1×10-6s-1，λP＝3.7×10-3s-1；
Secondly, rapidly setting the radon exhalation rate;
calculating a radon concentration value at the end of each measurement period in the radon collection process according to the formulas (1) and (2), and calculating the radon exhalation rate according to the radon concentration value by the following method:
firstly, calculating radon concentration C from radon collection to the end of the first measurement period according to the formula (1)1And the radon concentration Ci at the end of the ith measurement period, i is more than or equal to 3;
and calculating the radon exhalation rate according to the following formula:
v is the sum of the effective volume of the rapid radon exhalation rate setting unit, the volume of each gas guide pipeline, the effective volume of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument and the effective volume of the radon collection chamber;
s is the bottom area of a radon collection chamber corresponding to the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument;
n is the number of measurements.
It should be noted that the "effective volume" refers to the volume of the chamber in which the components are connected to the airflow circulation circuit. For example, the effective chamber volume of the radon collection chamber can be understood as the volume remaining after subtracting the volume occupied by the filler block 1 from the internal chamber volume of the radon collection chamber, and the effective volume of the radon exhalation rate quick definite value unit refers to the chamber volume of the part of the radon exhalation rate quick definite value unit participating in the circulation of the air flow (not limited to the volume of the measurement chamber, for example, the volume of the air inlet and outlet parts is also included).
In the embodiment, the radon exhalation rate rapid fixed value unit 2 is connected in series to the intake or return air pipeline of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument, the radon exhalation rate value measured by the radon exhalation rate rapid fixed value unit 2 is used as a standard to set a value of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument, and the radon exhalation rate rapid fixed value unit 2 connected in series to the intake or return air pipeline is used for carrying out equivalence on the changed radon concentration by adopting a difference method (C)n＝Cn-1+ΔCn＝C0+ΔC1+ΔC2+…+ΔCn) The radon concentration value of the latter measurement period is calculated by combining the corresponding scale factor value and the alpha particle count data collected by the semiconductor detector 2e in the measurement process with the radon concentration of the former measurement period, and since the radon concentration value is measured without a mixing balance process, the radon exhalation rate setting speed is extremely high, so that the time for setting the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument can be greatly shortened, the deviation caused by overlong time is reduced, and the setting accuracy is improved. Particularly, the device can also be used for setting the value of a radon exhalation rate measuring instrument on a measuring site, the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument and the radon exhalation rate quick setting unit 2 are used for simultaneously measuring the radon exhalation rate on the surface of the medium, and then the radon exhalation rate value measured by the radon exhalation rate quick setting unit 2 is used as a standard for setting the value of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument.
As shown in fig. 3, further, the radon exhalation rate rapid valuing unit 2 further comprises a bottom cover 2f installed on the insulating casing 2a, the top end of the bottom cover 2f is open, the air inlet and the air outlet are arranged at the bottom of the bottom cover 2f, and the bottom cover 2f is sleeved on the outside of the insulating casing 2a from the lower end of the insulating casing 2a to the upper side and is in threaded connection with the insulating casing 2 a. The conductive layer 2b1 is made of a metal material.
The method for synchronously fixing the value of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument by using the synchronous fixing device of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument comprises the following steps:
step one, connecting a filling block 1 to a radon collecting cover corresponding to the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument, and connecting a radon exhalation rate rapid fixed value unit 2 in series on an air inlet or air return pipeline of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument;
and step two, after the environmental background measurement is finished, covering the radon collection cover on the surface of the medium to collect radon, simultaneously measuring the radon precipitation rate value on the surface of the medium by the radon precipitation rate quick setting unit 2 and the radon precipitation rate measuring instrument, and setting the value of the radon precipitation rate measuring instrument by taking the radon precipitation rate value measured by the radon precipitation rate quick setting unit 2 as a standard.
The above embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention, and the present invention can be implemented in other ways without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Some of the drawings and descriptions of the present invention have been simplified to facilitate the understanding of the improvements over the prior art by those skilled in the art, and some other elements have been omitted from this document for the sake of clarity, and it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that such omitted elements may also constitute the subject matter of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The synchronous valuing device of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument comprises a filling block (1) detachably connected to the inner wall of a radon exhalation rate measuring instrument set radon chamber and a radon exhalation rate quick valuing unit (2) connected in series on an air inlet or air return pipeline of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument, wherein a radon exhalation rate value measured by the radon exhalation rate quick valuing unit (2) is used as a standard for valuing the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument;
the rapid radon exhalation rate setting unit (2) comprises an insulating shell (2a), a measuring chamber (2b), a high-voltage module (2c) and a signal and data processing module (2d), wherein the measuring chamber (2b) is arranged in the insulating shell (2a), the volume of a filling block (1) is equal to the volume increased by an airflow circulation loop caused by stringing the rapid radon exhalation rate setting unit (2), the side wall and the bottom wall of the measuring chamber (2b) are provided with conducting layers (2b1) made of conducting materials, the bottom of the insulating shell (2a) is connected with a bottom cover (2f), the bottom cover (2f) is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the front end of the air inlet is connected with a radon body filter (3), and the air inlet and the air outlet are communicated with the measuring chamber (2b) through a first air inlet hole formed in the bottom wall of the insulating shell (2a), a semiconductor detector (2e) is arranged on the top wall of the measuring chamber (2b), the high-voltage module (2c) is electrically connected with the conductive layer (2b1), so that an electrostatic field is formed between the measuring chamber (2b) and the semiconductor detector (2e), and the first generation daughter generated by radon decay is generated218Po is adsorbed to the surface of the semiconductor detector (2e) under the action of the electrostatic field, the semiconductor detector (2e) is connected with a signal and data processing module (2d), the signal and data processing module (2d) is used for processing an electric signal formed by the semiconductor detector (2e) and calculating a radon exhalation rate value, and the radon exhalation rate rapid definite value unit (2) comprises the following steps of:
firstly, quickly tracking and measuring the changed radon concentration;
and (3) carrying out equivalence on the changed radon concentration by using an interpolation method: firstly, the environmental background is measured to obtain the environmental radon concentration C0And after the environment background measurement is finished, radon collection is started, wherein T is used as a measurement period in the radon collection process, and the radon concentration at the end of the nth measurement period is as follows:
Cn＝C0+ΔC1+ΔC2+....+ΔCn＝K0,(n+1)N0,(n+1)+K1,(n+1)N1,(n+1)+K2,(n+1)N2,(n+1)+…+2Kn,(n+1)Nn,(n+1)(1)；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
…,Nn,(n+1)＝Nn+1-N0,(n+1)-N1,(n+1)....-N(n-1),(n+1)；
in the above formula, K0,(n+1)The scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of measurement to the beginning of the (n + 1) th measurement period under the condition of constant radon concentration; k1,(n+1)The scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of the 1 st measuring period to the beginning of the n +1 th measuring period under the condition of constant radon concentration; k2,(n+1)The scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of the 2 nd measuring period to the beginning of the n +1 th measuring period under the condition of constant radon concentration; kn,(n+1)The scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of the nth measurement period to the beginning of the (n + 1) th measurement period under the condition of constant radon concentration; k0,nThe scale factor is the scale factor of the time from the beginning of measurement to the beginning of the nth measurement period under the condition of constant radon concentration; k1,nThe scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of the 1 st measuring period to the beginning of the nth measuring period under the condition of constant radon concentration; n is a radical of0,(n+1)Alpha particle numbers generated by the decay of radon generated during the beginning of the measurement period from the n +1 th measurement period and collected by the semiconductor detector (2 e); n is a radical of1,(n+1)Alpha particle numbers generated by decay of radon precipitated from the beginning of the 1 st measurement period to the beginning of the n +1 th measurement period and collected by the semiconductor detector (2 e); n is a radical of2,(n+1)Alpha particle numbers generated by decay of radon precipitated from the beginning of the 2 nd measurement period to the beginning of the n +1 th measurement period and collected by the semiconductor detector (2 e); n is a radical ofn,(n+1)Alpha particle numbers generated by decay of radon precipitated from the beginning of the nth measurement period to the beginning of the (n + 1) th measurement period and collected by the semiconductor detector (2 e); n is a radical ofn+1Is the total alpha particle count value collected by the semiconductor detector (2e) at the beginning of the (n + 1) th measurement period;
the scale factor values in formula (1) are all calculated by the following formula (2);
wherein, KSign board＝CSign board/ΔNP
Ki,jA scale factor of the time from the beginning of the ith measurement period to the beginning of the jth measurement period; t isSign boardThe radon exhalation rate measuring instrument is subjected to constant value measurement cycle duration K under the condition that the radon concentration of a standard radon chamber is constantSign boardFor measuring the period TSign boardThe scale factor of (d); cSign boardFor measuring the period
TSign boardRadon concentration at the end; delta NPTo be in a measuring period TSign boardAt the end, the semiconductor detector (2e) collects alpha particle count values; t is a measurement period TSign boardOther than the duration of each measuring period, λR、λPRespectively is radon,218Decay constant of Po, where λR＝2.1×10-6s-1，λP＝3.7×10-3s-1；
Secondly, rapidly setting the radon exhalation rate;
calculating a radon concentration value at the end of each measurement period in the radon collection process according to the formulas (1) and (2), and calculating the radon exhalation rate according to the radon concentration value by the following method:
firstly, calculating radon concentration C1 from radon collection to the end of a first measurement period and radon concentration Ci at the end of an ith measurement period according to formula (1), wherein i is more than or equal to 3;
and calculating the radon exhalation rate according to the following formula:
v is the sum of the effective volume of the rapid radon exhalation rate fixed value unit, the volume of each gas guide pipeline, the effective volume of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument and the effective volume of the radon collection chamber;
s is the bottom area of a radon collection chamber corresponding to the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument;
n is the number of measurements.
2. The radon exhalation rate measuring instrument synchronization valuing device of claim 1, wherein: the top end of the bottom cover (2f) is open, the air inlet and the air outlet are arranged at the bottom of the bottom cover (2f), and the bottom cover (2f) is upwards sleeved outside the insulating shell (2a) from the lower end of the insulating shell (2a) and is in threaded connection with the insulating shell (2 a).
3. The radon exhalation rate measuring instrument synchronization valuing device of claim 1, wherein: the conducting layer (2b1) is made of a metal material.
4. The method for synchronously calibrating the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument by using the synchronous calibrating device for the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
connecting a filling block (1) to a radon collecting cover corresponding to the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument, and connecting a radon exhalation rate quick constant value unit (2) in series on an air inlet or air return pipeline of the radon exhalation rate measuring instrument;
and step two, after the environmental background measurement is finished, covering the radon collection cover on the surface of the medium to collect radon, simultaneously measuring the radon precipitation rate value on the surface of the medium by the radon precipitation rate quick setting unit (2) and the radon precipitation rate measuring instrument, and setting the radon precipitation rate value measured by the radon precipitation rate quick setting unit (2) as a standard value for the radon precipitation rate measuring instrument.
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