CN108363089B - The quick valued methods of precipitation rate of radon and device - Google Patents
The quick valued methods of precipitation rate of radon and device Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052704 radon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 282
- SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N radon atom Chemical compound [Rn] SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 275
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- LBDSXVIYZYSRII-IGMARMGPSA-N alpha-particle Chemical compound [4He+2] LBDSXVIYZYSRII-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003257 radon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/167—Measuring radioactive content of objects, e.g. contamination
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Abstract
The quick valued methods of precipitation rate of radon and device, wherein the quick valued methods of precipitation rate of radon are carried out equivalent using radon consistence of the interpolation method to variation: being first passed through and are measured to environmental exact details, obtain ENVIRONMENT RADON CONTENT C0, start to collect radon after completing environmental exact details measurement, integrate during radon using T as measurement period, and calculate the radon consistence at the end of multiple measurement periods, further according to the radon consistence value calculating precipitation rate of radon at the end of multiple measurement periods during collection radon.Process of the above method when measuring radon consistence without combined balance system, can greatly improve the definite value speed of precipitation rate of radon.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear radiation detection, in particular to a method and a device for quickly determining radon exhalation rate.
Background
The commonly used method for measuring the radon exhalation rate on the surface of the medium is an accumulation method, namely, a radon collection chamber is tightly buckled on the surface of the medium, and the radon exhalation rate can be reversely deduced by measuring the radon which is precipitated into the radon collection chamber within a period of time. The speed of the radon exhalation rate setting process is mainly determined by the speed of the radon concentration measurement process.
Chinese patent document CN105425267A discloses a method for measuring radon exhalation rate, in the method, when measuring the radon concentration, a sampling pump is required to be started to pump the radon-containing air in a measured environment for a period of time, at the moment, the radon concentration in an instrument measuring chamber is the radon concentration (environmental radon concentration) in a radon collecting chamber when the initial time t is 0, then a radon collecting chamber is buckled on the surface of a measured medium to start to collect radon, then a closed measuring chamber is connected with the radon collecting chamber through 2 silica gel tubes to form a loop, after collecting for a certain time, starting the sampling pump to mix the radon in the radon collecting chamber and the radon in the measuring chamber for a period of time, so that the radon concentration in the radon collection chamber and the radon concentration in the measurement chamber reach balance, at the moment, the radon concentration in the measurement chamber can be considered as the radon concentration in the radon collection chamber, and then, repeatedly measuring by taking T (more than 10min) as a period, thus measuring radon concentration data in a series of radon collecting chambers with equal time intervals. Actually, in the current process of measuring the radon exhalation rate by the accumulation method, the method for measuring the radon concentration is basically similar to the method described in the above document, and a pipe is adopted to connect the radon collection chamber and the measurement chamber into a loop, in the measurement process, air in the radon collection chamber and air in the measurement chamber are mixed for a period of time to realize radon concentration balance between the radon collection chamber and the measurement chamber, then radon concentration is measured by taking T as a measurement period, because radon is continuously desorbed in the measurement process, the radon concentration in the radon collection chamber can gradually rise, in order to ensure the accuracy of the measurement result, the radon collection chamber and the radon in the measurement chamber need to be mixed and balanced once before measurement is carried out by taking T as a period every time, and frequent mixing and balancing processes cause that the radon concentration fixed value process is consumed for a long time, thereby affecting the fixed value speed of radon exhalation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for quickly setting the radon exhalation rate, which does not need a mixing balance process when measuring the radon concentration and has higher setting speed on the radon exhalation rate.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for rapidly setting radon exhalation rate comprises the following steps:
firstly, quickly tracking and measuring the changed radon concentration;
and (3) carrying out equivalence on the changed radon concentration by using an interpolation method: firstly, the environmental background is measured to obtain the environmental radon concentration C0And after the environment background measurement is finished, radon collection is started, wherein T is used as a measurement period in the radon collection process, and the radon concentration at the end of the nth measurement period is as follows:
Cn＝C0+ΔC1+ΔC2+....+ΔCn＝K0,(n+1)N0,(n+1)+K1,(n+1)N1,(n+1)+K2,(n+1)N2,(n+1)+…+2Kn,(n+1)Nn,(n+1) (1)；
wherein,…,Nn,(n+1)＝Nn+1-N0,(n+1)-N1,(n+1)....-N(n-1),(n+1)；
in the above formula, K0,(n+1)The scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of measurement to the beginning of the (n + 1) th measurement period under the condition of constant radon concentration; k1,(n+1)The scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of the 1 st measuring period to the beginning of the n +1 th measuring period under the condition of constant radon concentration; k2,(n+1)The scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of the 2 nd measuring period to the beginning of the n +1 th measuring period under the condition of constant radon concentration; kn,(n+1)The scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of the nth measurement period to the beginning of the (n + 1) th measurement period under the condition of constant radon concentration; k0,nThe scale factor is the scale factor of the time from the beginning of measurement to the beginning of the nth measurement period under the condition of constant radon concentration; k1,nThe scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of the 1 st measuring period to the beginning of the nth measuring period under the condition of constant radon concentration; n is a radical of0,(n+1)α particles generated by decay of radon generated during the beginning of the measurement period from the N +1 th measurement period and collected by the detector, N1,(n+1)α particles generated by the decay of radon generated from the beginning of the 1 st measuring period to the beginning of the N +1 th measuring period and collected by the detector, N2,(n+1)α particles generated by the decay of radon generated from the beginning of the 2 nd measuring period to the beginning of the N +1 th measuring period and collected by the detector, Nn,(n+1)α particles generated by the decay of radon generated from the beginning of the nth measurement period to the beginning of the (N + 1) th measurement period and collected by the detector, Nn+1α total particle count collected by the detector at the beginning of the (n + 1) th measurement cycle;
the scale factor values in formula (1) are all calculated by the following formula (2);
wherein, KSign board＝CSign board/ΔNP
Ki,jA scale factor of the time from the beginning of the ith measurement period to the beginning of the jth measurement period; t isSign boardThe radon exhalation rate measuring instrument is subjected to constant value measuring cycle duration K under the condition that the radon concentration of a standard radon chamber is constantSign boardFor measuring the period TSign boardThe scale factor of (d); cSign boardFor measuring the period TSign boardRadon concentration at the end; delta NPTo be in a measuring period TSign boardAt the end, α particle count values collected by the detector, T being the measurement period TSign boardOther than the duration of each measuring period, λR、λPRespectively is radon,218Decay constant of Po, where λR＝2.1×10-6s-1，λP＝3.7×10-3s-1；
Secondly, rapidly setting the radon exhalation rate;
and (3) calculating a radon concentration value at the end of each measurement period in the radon collection process according to the formulas (1) and (2), and calculating the radon exhalation rate according to the radon concentration value.
Preferably, the radon concentration C from the collection of radon to the end of the first measurement period is calculated according to the formulas (1) and (2)1And the radon concentration Ci at the end of the ith measurement period, i is more than or equal to 3;
calculating the radon exhalation rate according to the following formula;
v is the sum of the effective volume of the radon collection chamber and the volume of a measuring chamber of a radon exhalation rate measuring instrument;
s is the bottom area of the radon collecting chamber;
n is the number of measurements.
Based on the same inventive concept as the above-mentioned setting method, the invention also provides a rapid radon exhalation rate setting device, which comprises an insulating shell, a measuring chamber, a high voltage module, and a signal and data processing module, wherein the measuring chamber is arranged in the insulating shell, conductive layers made of conductive materials are arranged on the side wall and the bottom wall of the measuring chamber, a plurality of first air inlets penetrating through the conductive layers to communicate the measuring chamber with the outside are arranged on the bottom wall of the insulating shell, a semiconductor detector is arranged on the top wall of the measuring chamber, and the high voltage module is electrically connected with the conductive layers, so that an electrostatic field is formed between the measuring chamber and the semiconductor detector, and a first generation daughter generated by radon decay is enabled to be generated218Po is adsorbed to the surface of the semiconductor detector under the action of the electrostatic field, the semiconductor detector is connected with a signal and data processing module, and the signal and data processing module is used for processing an electric signal formed by the semiconductor detector and calculating a corresponding radon precipitation rate value by combining the radon precipitation rate quick value-fixing method.
Furthermore, the rapid radon exhalation rate setting device further comprises a radon collection chamber with a connection hole formed in the top, a first internal thread is tapped on the hole wall of the connection hole, an external thread matched with the first internal thread is tapped on the outer peripheral surface of the insulation shell, and the lower end of the insulation shell can extend into the inner cavity of the radon collection chamber from the connection hole and is in threaded connection with the radon collection chamber.
Preferably, the conductive layer is made of a metal material.
Furthermore, the upper section of the insulating shell is large, the lower section of the insulating shell is small, a step surface is formed at the connecting part of the upper section and the lower section, the external thread is arranged on the peripheral surface of the lower section, and after the lower end of the insulating shell penetrates through the connecting hole and is in threaded connection with the radon collecting chamber, the step surface abuts against the top end surface of the radon collecting chamber.
And a plurality of second air inlets which penetrate through the conducting layer and communicate the measuring chamber with the outside are also formed in the side wall of the insulating shell.
Preferably, the number of the radon collection chambers is multiple, and the ratio of the bottom area of each radon collection chamber to the volume of each radon collection chamber is different.
Further, the quick definite value device of aforementioned radon exhalation rate still includes the end cover, the end cover top is uncovered the open end inner wall of end cover is attacked and is gone up outer screw thread assorted second internal thread with insulating casing, the bottom of end cover is equipped with the inlet port and the port of giving vent to anger that are used for external gas pipeline, the end cover can follow the insulating casing lower extreme and upwards overlap in insulating casing outside and with insulating casing threaded connection.
The invention adopts a difference method to carry out equivalence (C) on the changed radon concentrationn＝Cn-1+ΔCn＝C0+ΔC1+ΔC2+…+ΔCn) The radon concentration value of the next measurement period is calculated by combining the corresponding scale factor value and α particle counting data collected by the detector in the measurement process with the radon concentration of the previous measurement period.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the equivalence of radon concentration variation by a difference method;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a main body of the device for rapidly determining radon exhalation rate according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the radon exhalation rate quick valuing device shown in FIG. 2 after a main body part is connected with a radon collection chamber;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the radon collection chamber of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the radon exhalation rate rapid valuing device shown in FIG. 2 after a main body portion is connected to a bottom cover;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the bottom cover of FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the main body shown in FIG. 3 connected to a radon collecting chamber and then buckled on the surface of a medium to be measured to measure the radon exhalation rate;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the main body part shown in FIG. 5 when being connected with a bottom cover and then connected with a radon chamber for calibration;
in the figure:
1-insulating shell 2-measuring chamber 3-high voltage module
4-signal and data processing module 5-semiconductor detector 6-radon collecting chamber
7-bottom cover 1 a-external screw thread 1 b-step surface
2 a-conducting layer 2 b-first air inlet hole 2 c-second air inlet hole
6 a-connecting hole 6 b-first internal thread 7 a-second internal thread
7 b-air inlet port 7 c-air outlet port 8-radon daughter filter
9-sampling pump 10-radon chamber.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate a better understanding of the improvements of the present invention over the prior art for those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, Ki,jA scale factor N representing the time from the beginning of the ith measurement period to the beginning of the jth measurement period under the condition of constant radon concentrationi,jIndicating the measurement period from the i-thα particles generated by decay of radon generated at the beginning to the beginning of the jth measurement period and collected by the detector, NjThe total count α of particles collected by the detector at the beginning of the jth measurement cycle, i, j is just a code number to represent any natural number.
The invention relates to a method for rapidly determining the radon exhalation rate, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, quickly tracking and measuring the changed radon concentration;
and (3) carrying out equivalence on the changed radon concentration by using an interpolation method: firstly, the environmental background is measured to obtain the environmental radon concentration C0And after the environment background measurement is finished, radon collection is started, wherein T is used as a measurement period in the radon collection process, and the radon concentration at the end of the nth measurement period is as follows:
Cn＝C0+ΔC1+ΔC2+....+ΔCn＝K0，(n+1)N0，(n+1)+K1,(n+1)N1,(n+1)+K2,(n+1)N2,(n+1)+…+2Kn,(n+1)Nn,(n+1) (1)；
wherein,…,Nn,(n+1)＝Nn+1-N0,(n+1)-N1,(n+1)....-N(n-1),(n+1)；
in the above formula, K0,(n+1)The scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of measurement to the beginning of the (n + 1) th measurement period under the condition of constant radon concentration; k1,(n+1)The scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of the 1 st measuring period to the beginning of the n +1 th measuring period under the condition of constant radon concentration; k2,(n+1)The scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of the 2 nd measuring period to the beginning of the n +1 th measuring period under the condition of constant radon concentration; kn,(n+1)The scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of the nth measurement period to the beginning of the (n + 1) th measurement period under the condition of constant radon concentration; k0,nThe scale factor is the scale factor of the time from the beginning of measurement to the beginning of the nth measurement period under the condition of constant radon concentration; k1,nThe scale factor is the scale factor of the period from the beginning of the 1 st measuring period to the beginning of the nth measuring period under the condition of constant radon concentration; n is a radical of0,(n+1)α particles generated by decay of radon generated during the beginning of the measurement period from the N +1 th measurement period and collected by the detector, N1,(n+1)α particles generated by the decay of radon generated from the beginning of the 1 st measuring period to the beginning of the N +1 th measuring period and collected by the detector, N2,(n+1)α particles generated by the decay of radon generated from the beginning of the 2 nd measuring period to the beginning of the N +1 th measuring period and collected by the detector, Nn,(n+1)α particles generated by the decay of radon generated from the beginning of the nth measurement period to the beginning of the (N + 1) th measurement period and collected by the detector, Nn+1α total particle count collected by the detector at the beginning of the (n + 1) th measurement cycle;
the scale factor values in formula (1) are all calculated by the following formula (2);
wherein, KSign board＝CSign board/ΔNP
Ki,jA scale factor of the time from the beginning of the ith measurement period to the beginning of the jth measurement period; t isSign boardThe radon exhalation rate measuring instrument is subjected to constant value measuring cycle duration K under the condition that the radon concentration of a standard radon chamber is constantSign boardFor measuring the period TSign boardThe scale factor of (d); cSign boardFor measuring the period TSign boardRadon concentration at the end; delta NPTo be in a measuring period TSign boardAt the end, α particle count values collected by the detector, T being the measurement period TSign boardOther than the duration of each measuring period, λR、λPRespectively is radon,218Decay constant of Po, where λR＝2.1×10-6s-1，λP＝3.7×10-3s-1；
Secondly, rapidly setting the radon exhalation rate;
and (3) calculating a radon concentration value at the end of each measurement period in the radon collection process according to the formulas (1) and (2), and calculating the radon exhalation rate according to the radon concentration value.
It should be noted that the improvement of the present invention over the prior art is mainly that a difference method is adopted to perform equivalent calculation on the changed radon concentration, and after the radon concentration value of each measurement period in the radon collection process is obtained, the scheme in the prior art can be adopted to calculate the corresponding radon exhalation rate. In the prior art, the change in radon concentration in the radon collection chamber is generally represented by the following formula:
in the formula: c is the radon concentration in the radon collection chamber; v is the volume of the radon collecting chamber; j is the radon exhalation rate; s is the bottom area of the radon collecting chamber; lambda is the decay constant of radon; r is leakage and back diffusion constant; and t is radon collecting time.
Let lambdae＝λ+R，
Order toThen there are:
Ci+1＝a+bCi
in order to improve the measurement accuracy, multiple measurements are carried out, a and b are calculated by using least square method and linear fitting, and finally, lambda is calculatedeAnd J, obtaining the radon precipitation value.
Of course, the radon exhalation rate calculation method in the document CN105425267A can also be adopted, specifically, the radon concentration C from the collection of radon to the end of the first measurement period is calculated according to the formulas (1) and (2)1And calculating the radon exhalation rate according to the following formula after the radon concentration Ci (i is more than or equal to 3) at the end of the ith measurement period;
v is the sum of the effective volume of the radon collection chamber and the volume of a measuring chamber of a radon exhalation rate measuring instrument;
s is the bottom area of the radon collecting chamber;
n is the number of measurements.
The rapid radon exhalation rate value determining method adopts a difference value method to perform equivalence on the changed radon concentration (C)n＝Cn-1+ΔCn＝C0+ΔC1+ΔC2+…+ΔCn) The radon concentration value of the next measurement period is calculated by combining the corresponding scale factor value and α particle counting data collected by the detector in the measurement process with the radon concentration of the previous measurement period.
As another aspect of the present invention, the present application further provides a device for rapidly determining a radon exhalation rate by using the method, and fig. 2-6 show a specific structure of the device for rapidly determining a radon exhalation rate, which includes an insulating housing 1, a measuring chamber 2, a high voltage module 3 (a 3KV high voltage module may be commonly used), and a signal and data processing module 4, wherein the measuring chamber 2 is disposed in the insulating housing 1, a conductive layer 2a (the conductive layer 2a may be made of a metal material) made of a conductive material is disposed on a side wall and a bottom wall of the measuring chamber 2, a plurality of first air inlets 2b penetrating through the conductive layer 2a to communicate the measuring chamber 2 with the outside are disposed on the bottom wall of the insulating housing 1, a semiconductor detector 5 is mounted on a top wall of the measuring chamber 2, and the high voltage module 3 and the conductive layer are disposed2a are electrically connected to form an electrostatic field between the measuring chamber 2 and the semiconductor detector 5, so that the first generation daughter generated by decay of radon218Po is adsorbed to the surface of the semiconductor detector 5 under the action of an electrostatic field, the semiconductor detector 5 is connected with the signal and data processing module 4, and the signal and data processing module 4 is used for processing an electric signal formed by the semiconductor detector 5 and calculating a corresponding radon precipitation rate value by combining the radon precipitation rate rapid value-determining method.
It should be emphasized that the present invention relates to a rapid radon exhalation rate rating apparatus which does not involve the modification of the signal and data processing module 4 (i.e., the circuit portion of the signal processing and data processing hardware), and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the main modification of the present invention lies in the measurement and calculation method rather than the circuit portion of the apparatus. For the radon exhalation rate rapid value setting device, the circuit structure (including a pre-amplification circuit, an amplification forming circuit, a pulse amplitude discrimination circuit, a single chip microcomputer, an energy spectrum peak automatic adjusting circuit and a TFT display screen, and a circuit structure block diagram is shown in fig. 2 in the document CN 105425267A) in the document CN105425267A can be completely adopted to process an electric signal formed by the semiconductor detector 5, calculate a radon concentration value according to the steps in the method, and then calculate a corresponding radon exhalation rate value according to the obtained radon concentration value.
In fig. 3-4, the rapid radon exhalation rate setting device further comprises a radon collection chamber 6 with a connection hole 6a at the top, a first internal thread 6b is tapped on the hole wall of the connection hole 6a, an external thread 1a matched with the first internal thread 6b is tapped on the outer circumferential surface of the insulation housing 1, and the lower end of the insulation housing 1 can extend into the inner cavity of the radon collection chamber 6 from the connection hole 6a and is in threaded connection with the radon collection chamber 6. Specifically, the insulating housing 1 has a structure with a large upper section and a small lower section, a step surface 1b is formed at a position where the upper section is connected with the lower section, an external thread 1a is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the lower section, and after the lower end of the insulating housing 1 passes through the connecting hole 6a and is in threaded connection with the radon collecting chamber 6, the step surface 1b can abut against the top end surface of the radon collecting chamber 6. In addition, a plurality of second electrodes penetrating the conductive layer 2a to connect the measuring chamber 2 with the outside are formed on the side wall of the insulating housing 1Two air intake holes 2 c. Preferably, the number of the radon collecting chambers 6 is multiple, and the ratio of the bottom area of each radon collecting chamber 6 to the volume of each radon collecting chamber is different. When measuring the radon exhalation rate of the medium to be measured, as shown in fig. 7, the environmental background is measured to obtain the environmental radon concentration C0Then, the radon collection chamber 6 is connected with the main body part of the radon exhalation rate rapid setting device shown in fig. 2, the radon collection chamber 6 is buckled on the surface of a medium to be measured to collect radon, the diffusion direction of radon and daughters of the radon is shown by arrows in fig. 7, and in the radon collection process, the signal and data processing module 4 processes an electric signal formed by the semiconductor detector 5 and combines the radon exhalation rate rapid setting method (the method is programmed and implanted into the signal and data processing module 4) to calculate and obtain a corresponding radon exhalation rate value. It is worth mentioning that after a plurality of radon collection chambers 6 with different bottom areas and different volume ratios are configured, relatively higher radon concentration can be obtained in the same time by selecting the radon collection chamber 6 with the larger bottom area and volume ratio, because the radon concentration is higher than that of the radon collection chamber 6Under the condition that the radon exhalation rate, the radon decay constant, the leakage and back diffusion constant and the radon collection time are the same, the ratio of the bottom area of the radon collection chamber to the volume of the radon collection chamber is changed, so that the radon concentration can be obviously changed correspondingly.
In addition, the rapid radon exhalation rate setting device can further comprise a bottom cover 7 shown in fig. 5-6, the top end of the bottom cover 7 is open, a second internal thread 7a matched with the external thread 1a on the insulating shell 1 is tapped on the inner wall of the open end of the bottom cover 7, an air inlet port 7b and an air outlet port 7c for externally connecting an air guide pipeline are arranged at the bottom of the bottom cover 7, and the bottom cover 7 can be sleeved on the outer portion of the insulating shell 1 from the lower end of the insulating shell 1 to the upper portion and is in threaded connection with the insulating shell 1. The bottom cover 7 is mainly used for determining scale factors, as shown in fig. 8, when the rapid radon exhalation rate setting device is calibrated, the air inlet port 7b of the bottom cover 7 is sequentially connected with the radon daughter filter 8, the sampling pump 9 and the radon chamber 10 through a pipeline, and the air outlet port 7c of the bottom cover 7 is also connected with the radon chamber 10 through another pipeline, so that the rapid radon exhalation rate setting device can be calibrated by using the radon chamber 10 (the air flow direction is shown by referring to the arrow direction in the figure).
It should be noted that the radon collection chamber 6 and the bottom cover 7 are actually accessories of the rapid radon exhalation rate setting device, and can be replaced or modified by the existing radon collection chamber and bottom cover in the prior art in practical application, the radon collection chamber 6 and the bottom cover 7 do not need to be detachably connected with the main body part of the rapid radon exhalation rate setting device shown in fig. 2 through threads, and the main body part of the rapid radon exhalation rate setting device shown in fig. 2 can be sold separately in actual production and sale. In addition, the radon collection chamber 6 and the bottom cover 7, which can be applied to the device for rapidly valuing the radon exhalation rate according to the present invention, are not limited to the structures shown in the drawings, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art after understanding the technical idea of the present invention that the radon collection chamber 6 and the bottom cover 7 can also adopt other structures as long as they can achieve the object of the invention of the present application. The above description of the structure of the radon collecting chamber 6 and the bottom cover 7 is only for illustration to facilitate the skilled person in the art to better understand the technical idea of the present invention, and the structure of the radon collecting chamber 6 and the bottom cover 7 shown in the drawings is only a preferred, not exclusive structural solution.
The above embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention, and the present invention can be implemented in other ways without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Some of the drawings and descriptions of the present invention have been simplified to facilitate the understanding of the improvements over the prior art by those skilled in the art, and some other elements have been omitted from this document for the sake of clarity, and it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that such omitted elements may also constitute the subject matter of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The rapid radon exhalation rate value determining method comprises the following steps:
firstly, quickly tracking and measuring the changed radon concentration;
and (3) carrying out equivalence on the changed radon concentration by using an interpolation method: firstly, the environmental background is measured to obtain the environmental radon concentration C0And after the environment background measurement is finished, radon collection is started, wherein T is used as a measurement period in the radon collection process, and the radon concentration at the end of the nth measurement period is as follows:
Cn＝C0+ΔC1+ΔC2+....+ΔCn＝K0,(n+1)N0,(n+1)+K1,(n+1)N1,(n+1)+K2,(n+1)N2,(n+1)+…+2Kn,(n+1)Nn,(n+1) (1)；
wherein,
Nn,(n+1)＝Nn+1-N0,(n+1)-N1,(n+1)....-N(n-1),(n+1)；
the scale factor values in formula (1) are all calculated by the following formula (2);
wherein, KSign board＝CSign board/ΔNP
In the formulae (1) and (2), Ki,j(i＝[0,n]，j＝[1,n+1]) The scale factor is the scale factor of the time from the beginning of the ith measurement period to the beginning of the jth measurement period under the condition of constant radon concentration; n is a radical ofi,j(i＝[0,n]，j＝[1,n+1]) α particle counts generated by decay of radon generated from the beginning of the ith measurement period to the beginning of the jth measurement period and collected by the detector, Nj(j＝[1,n+1]) α total count value of particles collected by the detector at the beginning of the jth measurement periodSign boardThe radon exhalation rate measuring instrument is subjected to constant value measuring cycle duration K under the condition that the radon concentration of a standard radon chamber is constantSign boardFor measuring the period TSign boardThe scale factor of (d); cSign boardFor measuring the period TSign boardRadon concentration at the end; delta NPTo be in a measuring period TSign boardAt the end, α particle count values collected by the detector, T being the measurement period TSign boardOther than the duration of each measuring period, λR、λPRespectively is radon,218Decay constant of Po, where λR＝2.1×10-6s-1，λP＝3.7×10-3s-1；
Secondly, rapidly setting the radon exhalation rate;
and (3) calculating a radon concentration value at the end of each measurement period in the radon collection process according to the formulas (1) and (2), and calculating the radon exhalation rate according to the radon concentration value.
2. The method for rapidly valuing the radon exhalation rate according to claim 1, wherein:
firstly, calculating radon concentration C1 from radon collection to the end of a first measurement period and radon concentration Ci at the end of an ith measurement period according to formula (1), wherein i is more than or equal to 3;
calculating the radon exhalation rate according to the following formula;
v is the sum of the effective volume of the radon collection chamber and the volume of a measuring chamber of a radon exhalation rate measuring instrument;
s is the bottom area of the radon collecting chamber;
n is the number of measurements.
3. Radon exhalation rate quick definite value device, including insulating casing (1), measuring chamber (2), high-pressure module (3), signal and data processing module (4), measuring chamber (2) are located in insulating casing (1), be equipped with conducting layer (2a) that conducting material made on the lateral wall of measuring chamber (2) and the diapire, set up a plurality of first inlet ports (2b) that run through conducting layer (2a) will measure chamber (2) and external intercommunication on the diapire of insulating casing (1) install semiconductor detector (5) on the roof of measuring chamber (2), high-pressure module (3) and conducting layer (2a) electric connection, thereby form the electrostatic field between measuring chamber (2) and semiconductor detector (5) for the first generation daughter that the radon decay produced218Po is adsorbed on the surface of the semiconductor detector (5) under the action of the electrostatic field, the semiconductor detector (5) is connected with a signal and data processing module (4), and the signal and data processing module (4) is used for processing an electric signal formed by the semiconductor detector (5) and calculating the corresponding radon exhalation rate quick setting method in combination with the radon exhalation rate quick setting method in claim 1 or 2Radon exhalation rate value.
4. The radon exhalation rate rapid valuing device of claim 3, wherein: still offer collection radon room (6) of connecting hole (6a) including the top, attack first internal thread (6b) on the pore wall of connecting hole (6a), attack on the outer peripheral face of insulating casing (1) and have external screw thread (1a) with first internal thread (6b) assorted, the lower extreme of insulating casing (1) can stretch into in the inner chamber of collection radon room (6) and with collection radon room (6) threaded connection from connecting hole (6 a).
5. The radon exhalation rate rapid valuing device of claim 3, wherein: the conducting layer (2) is made of metal materials.
6. The radon exhalation rate rapid valuing device of claim 4, wherein: the upper section of the insulating shell (1) is large, the lower section of the insulating shell is small, a step surface (1b) is formed at the position where the upper section is connected with the lower section, the external thread (1a) is arranged on the peripheral surface of the lower section, the lower end of the insulating shell (1) penetrates through the connecting hole (6a) to be in threaded connection with the radon collecting chamber (6), and the step surface (1b) abuts against the top end surface of the radon collecting chamber (6).
7. The radon exhalation rate rapid valuing device of claim 4, wherein: and the side wall of the insulating shell (1) is also provided with a plurality of second air inlets (2c) which penetrate through the conducting layer (2a) and communicate the measuring chamber (2a) with the outside.
8. The radon exhalation rate rapid valuing device of claim 7, wherein: the number of the radon collection chambers (6) is multiple, and the ratio of the bottom area of each radon collection chamber (6) to the volume of each radon collection chamber is different.
9. The device for rapidly valuing the radon exhalation rate according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein: still include end cover (7), end cover (7) top is uncovered attack on the opening end inner wall of end cover (7) and go up external screw thread (1a) assorted second internal thread (7a) with insulating casing (1), the bottom of end cover (7) is equipped with inlet port (7b) and the port (7c) of giving vent to anger that are used for external air guide pipeline, end cover (7) can be followed insulating casing (1) lower extreme and up overlap in insulating casing (1) outside and with insulating casing (1) threaded connection.
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| CN112946717B (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2023-01-17 | 衡阳师范学院 | Portable radon exhalation rate and radon concentration reference device and reference constant value method |
| DE102022100066A1 (en) | 2022-01-03 | 2023-07-06 | SafeRadon GmbH | Determination device for determining an exhalation rate of a surface of a building and determination method |
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