CN108363089B - Method and device for rapid determination of radon precipitation rate - Google Patents

Abstract

The quick valued methods of precipitation rate of radon and device, wherein the quick valued methods of precipitation rate of radon are carried out equivalent using radon consistence of the interpolation method to variation: being first passed through and are measured to environmental exact details, obtain ENVIRONMENT RADON CONTENT C₀, start to collect radon after completing environmental exact details measurement, integrate during radon using T as measurement period, and calculate the radon consistence at the end of multiple measurement periods, further according to the radon consistence value calculating precipitation rate of radon at the end of multiple measurement periods during collection radon.Process of the above method when measuring radon consistence without combined balance system, can greatly improve the definite value speed of precipitation rate of radon.

Description

Method and device for rapid determination of radon precipitation rate

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear radiation detection, in particular to a method and a device for rapid determination of radon precipitation rate.

Background technique

The commonly used method for measuring the radon precipitation rate on the medium surface is the accumulation method, that is, a radon collecting chamber is tightly fastened to the medium surface, and the radon precipitation rate can be deduced by measuring the radon precipitated into the radon collecting chamber within a period of time. The speed of the radon precipitation rate determination process mainly depends on the speed of the radon concentration measurement process.

Chinese patent document CN105425267A discloses a method for measuring the radon precipitation rate. When measuring the radon concentration, the method needs to turn on the sampling pump to extract the radon-containing air in the measured environment for a period of time. At this time, the radon concentration in the measuring room of the instrument is the initial At time t=0, the radon concentration in the radon collection chamber (environmental radon concentration) is collected, and then a collection radon chamber is buckled on the surface of the measured medium to start radon collection, and then the closed measurement chamber is connected with the radon collection chamber through two silicone tubes to form In a loop, after collecting for a certain period of time, turn on the sampling pump to mix the radon in the collecting chamber with the radon in the measuring chamber for a period of time, so that the radon concentration in the collecting chamber and the measuring chamber reaches equilibrium. The radon concentration in the radon room is then measured repeatedly with T (greater than 10min) as a cycle, and a series of radon concentration data in the radon room can be measured at equal time intervals. In fact, in the process of measuring the radon precipitation rate by the cumulative method, the method of measuring the radon concentration is basically similar to the method described in the above-mentioned literature, which is to use a pipe to connect the radon collecting chamber and the measuring chamber into a loop. , first mix the air in the collecting room and the measuring room for a period of time to realize the balance of the radon concentration in the collecting room and the measuring room, and then measure the radon concentration with T as the measurement period. The indoor radon concentration will gradually increase. In order to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results, it is necessary to mix and balance the radon in the collecting chamber and the measuring chamber once before each measurement with T as the cycle. The frequent mixing and balancing process will lead to the concentration of radon. The setting process takes a long time, which affects the setting speed of the radon precipitation rate.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a rapid method for determining the radon precipitation rate, which does not require a process of mixing and balancing when measuring the radon concentration, and can quickly determine the radon precipitation rate.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a method for rapidly setting a radon precipitation rate, comprising the following steps:

Step 1. Quickly track and measure the changing radon concentration;

Use the interpolation method to equivalence the changing radon concentration: first measure the environmental background to obtain the environmental radon concentration C ₀ , and start collecting radon after completing the environmental background measurement. The radon concentration at the end of each measurement period is:

C _n =C ₀ +ΔC ₁ +ΔC ₂ +....+ΔC _n =K _0,(n+1) N _0,(n+1) +K _1,(n+1) N _{1,(n +1)} +K _2,(n+1) N _2,(n+1) +…+2K _n,(n+1) N _n,(n+1) (1);

in, …,N _n,(n+1) =N _n+1 -N _0,(n+1) -N _1,(n+1) ....-N _(n-1),(n+1) ;

In the above formula, K _0,(n+1) is the scale factor from the start of measurement to the beginning of the n+1th measurement cycle under the condition of constant radon concentration; K _1,(n+1) is the constant radon concentration Under conditions, the scale factor from the start of the first measurement period to the start of the n+1th measurement period; K _2,(n+1) is the constant radon concentration condition, from the start of the second measurement period to the first The scale factor of the period from the start of n+1 measurement periods; K _n,(n+1) is the scale from the start of the nth measurement period to the start of the n+1th measurement period under the condition of constant radon concentration factor; K _0,n is the scale factor of the period from the start of measurement to the start of the nth measurement cycle under the condition of constant radon concentration; K _1,n is the condition of constant radon concentration, from the first measurement cycle to the first The scale factor at the beginning of n measurement cycles; N _0,(n+1) is the alpha particles generated by decay and collected by the detector during the period from the start of the measurement to the start of the n+1th measurement cycle number; N _1,(n+1) is the number of alpha particles produced by decay and collected by the detector during the period from the radon precipitated at the beginning of the first measurement cycle to the beginning of the n+1th measurement cycle; N _{2, (n+1)} is the number of alpha particles produced by decay and collected by the detector from the radon precipitated at the beginning of the second measurement period to the beginning of the n+1th measurement period; N _n,(n+1) is the number of alpha particles produced by decay and collected by the detector from the radon precipitated at the beginning of the nth measurement period to the start of the n+1th measurement period; N _n+1 is the n+1th measurement period At the beginning, the total number of alpha particles collected by the detector;

The scale factor values in formula (1) are all calculated by the following formula (2);

Among them, K _standard = C _standard / _ΔNP

K _i,j is the scale factor from the start of the i-th measurement period to the start of the j-th measurement period; T is the measurement period of the radon precipitation rate measuring instrument under the condition of constant radon concentration in the _standard radon room Duration, K is the _scale factor of the measurement period T; C _is the radon concentration at _the end of the measurement period _T ; _ΔNP is the alpha particle count value collected by the detector at _the end of the measurement period T; T is the measurement period The duration of each measurement period other than the T _standard , λ _R and λ _P are the decay constants of radon and ²¹⁸ Po, respectively, where λ _R =2.1×10 ^-6 s ^-1 , λ _P =3.7×10 ^-3 s ^{- 1} ;

Step 2, rapid setting of radon precipitation rate;

Calculate the radon concentration value at the end of each measurement period in the radon collection process according to formulas (1) and (2), and then calculate the radon precipitation rate according to the radon concentration value.

Preferably, first calculate the radon concentration C ₁ from the collection to the end of the first measurement period and the radon concentration Ci at the end of the i-th measurement period according to formulas (1) and (2), i≥3;

Then calculate the radon precipitation rate according to the following formula;

V is the sum of the effective volume of the radon collecting chamber and the measuring chamber volume of the radon extraction rate measuring instrument;

S is the bottom area of the radon collection chamber;

n is the number of measurements.

Based on the same inventive concept as the above-mentioned setting method, the present invention also provides a rapid setting device for radon precipitation rate, which includes an insulating casing, a measuring chamber, a high-voltage module, a signal and data processing module, and the measuring chamber is provided in the insulating casing. Inside, the side walls and bottom walls of the measurement chamber are provided with conductive layers made of conductive materials, and the bottom wall of the insulating housing is provided with a plurality of first air inlet holes that penetrate the conductive layers to communicate the measurement chamber with the outside world , a semiconductor detector is installed on the top wall of the measurement chamber, and the high-voltage module is electrically connected to the conductive layer, so that an electrostatic field is formed between the measurement chamber and the semiconductor detector, so that the first The progeny ²¹⁸ Po is adsorbed to the surface of the semiconductor detector under the action of the electrostatic field, and the semiconductor detector is connected to the signal and data processing module, which is used to form the semiconductor detector. The electrical signal of the radon is processed and the corresponding radon precipitation rate value is calculated in combination with the fast setting method of the radon precipitation rate described above.

Further, the aforementioned radon precipitation rate rapid setting device also includes a radon collecting chamber with a connecting hole at the top, the hole wall of the connecting hole is tapped with a first internal thread, and the outer peripheral surface of the insulating shell is tapped with a first internal thread. An external thread matched with an internal thread, the lower end of the insulating shell can extend into the inner cavity of the radon collecting chamber from the connecting hole and be screwed with the radon collecting chamber.

Preferably, the conductive layer is made of metal material.

Further, the upper section of the insulating shell is large and the lower section is small, a step surface is formed at the part where the upper section and the lower section are connected, the outer thread is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the lower section, and the lower end of the insulating shell passes through the connection. After the hole is threadedly connected to the radon collecting chamber, the step surface abuts the top surface of the radon collecting chamber.

Wherein, the side wall of the insulating shell is also provided with a plurality of second air inlet holes penetrating the conductive layer to communicate the measurement chamber with the outside world.

Preferably, the number of the radon collecting chambers is multiple, and the ratio of the bottom area to the volume of each radon collecting chamber is different.

Further, the aforementioned radon precipitation rate rapid setting device also includes a bottom cover, the top of the bottom cover is open, and the inner wall of the open end of the bottom cover is tapped with a second inner thread that matches the outer thread on the insulating housing. The bottom of the bottom cover is provided with an air inlet port and an air outlet port for externally connecting the air guide pipeline, and the bottom cover can be sleeved on the outside of the insulating case from the lower end of the insulating case upwards and be connected with the insulating case by threads.

The present invention adopts the difference method to equivalence the changing radon concentration (C _n =C _n-1 +ΔC _n =C ₀ +ΔC ₁ +ΔC ₂ +...+ΔC _n ), through the corresponding scale factor value and measurement process The alpha particle count data collected by the detector in the middle of the year is combined with the radon concentration of the previous measurement period to calculate the radon concentration value of the next measurement period. This method does not require the process of mixing and equilibrium when measuring the radon concentration, which greatly improves the speed of radon precipitation rate determination. .

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that utilizes difference method to carry out equivalence to changing radon concentration;

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the main part of the radon precipitation rate fast setting device according to the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram after the main part of the radon precipitation rate fast setting device shown in Fig. 2 is connected to the radon collecting chamber;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the radon concentration chamber in Fig. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the main part of the radon precipitation rate rapid setting device shown in FIG. 2 after the bottom cover is connected;

6 is a cross-sectional view of the bottom cover in FIG. 3;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram when the main body part shown in Fig. 3 is connected to the radon collecting chamber and is then placed on the surface of the medium to be measured to measure the radon precipitation rate;

Fig. 8 is the structural representation when the main body part shown in Fig. 5 is connected to the bottom cover and then connected to the radon chamber for calibration;

In the picture:

1——Insulating shell 2——Measuring room 3——High voltage module

4 - Signal and data processing module 5 - Semiconductor detector 6 - Radon collection chamber

7 - Bottom cover 1a - External thread 1b - Step surface

2a——conductive layer 2b——first air inlet 2c——second air inlet

6a——connecting hole 6b——first internal thread 7a——second internal thread

7b - Inlet port 7c - Outlet port 8 - Radon daughter filter

9 - Sampling pump 10 - Radon chamber.

Detailed ways

In order to facilitate those skilled in the art to better understand the improvements of the present invention relative to the prior art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

It should be noted in advance that, in the present invention, K _i,j represents the scale factor from the start of the i-th measurement cycle to the start of the j-th measurement cycle under the condition of constant radon concentration, and Ni _,j represents the time from The number of alpha particles generated by the decay of radon at the beginning of the i-th measurement period to the start of the j-th measurement period and collected by the detector; N _j is the α particle collected by the detector at the beginning of the j-th measurement period The particle total value. The above i and j are just a code, used to represent any natural number.

The rapid determination method of radon precipitation rate involved in the present invention comprises the following steps:

Step 1. Quickly track and measure the changing radon concentration;

Use the interpolation method to equivalence the changing radon concentration: first measure the environmental background to obtain the environmental radon concentration C ₀ , and start collecting radon after completing the environmental background measurement. The radon concentration at the end of each measurement period is:

C _n =C ₀ +ΔC ₁ +ΔC ₂ +....+ΔC _n =K _0,(n+1) N _0,(n+1) +K _1,(n+1) N _{1,(n +1)} +K _2,(n+1) N _2,(n+1) +…+2K _n,(n+1) N _n,(n+1) (1);

in, …,N _n,(n+1) =N _n+1 -N _0,(n+1) -N _1,(n+1) ....-N _(n-1),(n+1) ;

In the above formula, K _0,(n+1) is the scale factor from the start of measurement to the beginning of the n+1th measurement cycle under the condition of constant radon concentration; K _1,(n+1) is the constant radon concentration Under conditions, the scale factor from the start of the first measurement period to the start of the n+1th measurement period; K _2,(n+1) is the constant radon concentration condition, from the start of the second measurement period to the first The scale factor of the period from the start of n+1 measurement periods; K _n,(n+1) is the scale from the start of the nth measurement period to the start of the n+1th measurement period under the condition of constant radon concentration factor; K _0,n is the scale factor of the period from the start of measurement to the start of the nth measurement cycle under the condition of constant radon concentration; K _1,n is the condition of constant radon concentration, from the first measurement cycle to the first The scale factor at the beginning of n measurement cycles; N _0,(n+1) is the alpha particles generated by decay and collected by the detector during the period from the start of the measurement to the start of the n+1th measurement cycle number; N _1,(n+1) is the number of alpha particles produced by decay and collected by the detector during the period from the radon precipitated at the beginning of the first measurement cycle to the beginning of the n+1th measurement cycle; N _{2, (n+1)} is the number of alpha particles produced by decay and collected by the detector from the radon precipitated at the beginning of the second measurement period to the beginning of the n+1th measurement period; N _n,(n+1) is the number of alpha particles produced by decay and collected by the detector from the radon precipitated at the beginning of the nth measurement period to the start of the n+1th measurement period; N _n+1 is the n+1th measurement period At the beginning, the total number of alpha particles collected by the detector;

The scale factor values in formula (1) are all calculated by the following formula (2);

Among them, K _standard = C _standard / _ΔNP

K _i,j is the scale factor from the start of the i-th measurement period to the start of the j-th measurement period; T is the measurement period of the radon precipitation rate measuring instrument under the condition of constant radon concentration in the _standard radon room Duration, K is the _scale factor of the measurement period T; C _is the radon concentration at _the end of the measurement period _T ; _ΔNP is the alpha particle count value collected by the detector at _the end of the measurement period T; T is the measurement period The duration of each measurement period other than the T _standard , λ _R and λ _P are the decay constants of radon and ²¹⁸ Po, respectively, where λ _R =2.1×10 ^-6 s ^-1 , λ _P =3.7×10 ^-3 s ^{- 1} ;

Step 2, rapid setting of radon precipitation rate;

Calculate the radon concentration value at the end of each measurement period in the radon collection process according to formulas (1) and (2), and then calculate the radon precipitation rate according to the radon concentration value.

It should be noted that the improvement of the present invention relative to the prior art is mainly in that the difference method is used to perform equivalent calculation on the changed radon concentration, and the existing radon concentration value in each measurement period in the radon collection process can be obtained. There are solutions in the art to calculate the corresponding radon release rate. In the prior art, the radon concentration change in the radon collection chamber is usually expressed by the following formula:

where C is the radon concentration in the radon collecting chamber; V is the volume of the radon collecting chamber; J is the radon precipitation rate; S is the bottom area of the radon collecting chamber; λ is the decay constant of radon; R is the leakage and anti-diffusion constant; t is the Set radon time.

Let λ _e =λ+R,

make Then there are:

C _i+1 =a+bC _i

In order to improve the measurement accuracy, carry out multiple measurements, use the least squares method to calculate a and b by linear fitting, and finally obtain λ _e and J, and then the radon precipitation rate value can be obtained.

Of course, the radon precipitation rate calculation method in the document CN105425267A can also be used. Specifically, first calculate the radon concentration _C1 and the i-th radon concentration from the collection of radon to the end of the first measurement cycle according to formulas (1) and (2). After measuring the radon concentration Ci (i≥3) at the end of the measurement period, calculate the radon precipitation rate as follows;

V is the sum of the effective volume of the radon collecting chamber and the measuring chamber volume of the radon extraction rate measuring instrument;

S is the bottom area of the radon collection chamber;

n is the number of measurements.

The above _- mentioned rapid determination method _{of radon} precipitation rate _adopts the difference _{method to equiv-} The scale factor value and the alpha particle count data collected by the detector during the measurement process are combined with the radon concentration of the previous measurement period to calculate the radon concentration value of the next measurement period. Improve the speed of setting value of radon precipitation rate.

As another aspect of the present invention, the present application also provides a device for rapidly setting the radon precipitation rate by using the aforementioned method. Figures 2-6 show a specific structure of the device for rapidly setting the radon precipitation rate, which includes: Insulation shell 1, measurement room 2, high-voltage module 3 (commonly used 3KV high-voltage module can be selected), signal and data processing module 4, the measurement room 2 is set in the insulation shell 1, and the side walls and bottom walls of the measurement room 2 are provided with The conductive layer 2a made of conductive material (the conductive layer 2a can be made of metal material), the bottom wall of the insulating housing 1 is provided with a plurality of first air inlet holes 2b that pass through the conductive layer 2a to communicate the measurement chamber 2 with the outside world, A semiconductor detector 5 is installed on the top wall of the measurement chamber 2, and the high-voltage module 3 is electrically connected to the conductive layer 2a, so that an electrostatic field is formed between the measurement chamber 2 and the semiconductor detector 5, so that the first generation of radon decay produces The sub-body ²¹⁸ Po is adsorbed to the surface of the semiconductor detector 5 under the action of the electrostatic field. The semiconductor detector 5 is connected to the signal and data processing module 4 , and the signal and data processing module 4 is used to detect the electrical signals formed by the semiconductor detector 5 . The signal is processed and the corresponding radon leaching rate value is calculated in combination with the radon leaching rate fast setting method described above.

It should be emphasized that the device for rapid determination of the radon precipitation rate involved in the present invention does not involve the improvement of the signal and data processing module 4 (ie, the signal processing and data processing hardware circuit part). Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention mainly The improvement is in the measurement method, not the circuit part of the device. For the above-mentioned radon precipitation rate fast setting device, it can completely adopt the circuit structure in the document CN105425267A (including preamplifier circuit, amplification and shaping circuit, pulse amplitude discrimination circuit, single chip microcomputer, energy spectrum peak automatic adjustment circuit, TFT display screen) , the circuit structure block diagram is shown in Figure 2 in the document CN105425267A) to realize the processing of the electrical signal formed by the semiconductor detector 5 and calculate the radon concentration value according to the steps in the aforementioned method, and then calculate the corresponding radon concentration value according to the obtained radon concentration value. The radon extraction rate value.

In Fig. 3-4, the above-mentioned radon precipitation rate rapid setting device also includes a radon collecting chamber 6 with a connecting hole 6a at the top, the hole wall of the connecting hole 6a is tapped with a first internal thread 6b, and the outer peripheral surface of the insulating housing 1 There is an external thread 1a matched with the first internal thread 6b, and the lower end of the insulating housing 1 can extend into the inner cavity of the radon collecting chamber 6 from the connecting hole 6a and be screwed with the radon collecting chamber 6 . Specifically, the insulating shell 1 has a structure with a large upper section and a small lower section, a stepped surface 1b is formed at the part where the upper section and the lower section meet, and the external thread 1a is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the lower section. When the lower end of the insulating shell 1 passes through the connecting hole After 6a is screwed with the radon collecting chamber 6 , the step surface 1b can abut against the top surface of the radon collecting chamber 6 . In addition, a plurality of second air inlet holes 2c penetrating the conductive layer 2a to communicate the measurement chamber 2 with the outside are also opened on the side wall of the insulating housing 1 . Preferably, the number of the aforementioned radon collecting chambers 6 is multiple, and the ratio of the bottom area to the volume of each radon collecting chamber 6 is different. When measuring the radon precipitation rate of the medium to be measured, as shown in FIG. 7 , first measure the environmental background to obtain the environmental radon concentration C ₀ , and then connect the radon collecting chamber 6 with the radon precipitation rate rapid setting device shown in FIG. 2 . The main part is connected, and the radon collecting chamber 6 is buckled to the surface of the medium to be measured for radon collection. The diffusion direction of radon and its daughters is shown by the arrow in Figure 7. During the radon collection process, the signal and data processing module 4 detects the semiconductor. The electrical signal formed by the device 5 is processed and the corresponding radon leaching rate value can be calculated by combining with the aforementioned rapid radon extraction rate setting method (programming the aforementioned method into the signal and data processing module 4). It is worth mentioning that, after configuring a plurality of radon collecting chambers 6 with different bottom area to volume ratios, a relatively higher radon concentration can be obtained in the same time by selecting a radon collecting chamber 6 with a larger bottom area to volume ratio. concentration, due to Under the same conditions of radon precipitation rate, radon decay constant, leakage and anti-diffusion constant and radon collecting time, changing the ratio of the bottom area of the radon collecting chamber to its volume can obviously change the radon concentration accordingly.

In addition, the above-mentioned radon precipitation rate rapid setting device may also include the bottom cover 7 in FIGS. 5-6 , the top of the bottom cover 7 is open, and the inner wall of the open end of the bottom cover 7 is tapped with an external thread 1a on the insulating casing 1 The matching second internal thread 7a, the bottom of the bottom cover 7 is provided with an air inlet port 7b and an air outlet port 7c for externally connecting the air guide pipeline, and the bottom cover 7 can be sleeved from the lower end of the insulating case 1 to the outside of the insulating case 1 and connected to the outside of the insulating case 1. Insulation housing 1 screw connection. The bottom cover 7 is mainly used when determining the scale factor. As shown in FIG. 8 , when the radon precipitation rate rapid setting device is scaled, the air inlet port 7b of the bottom cover 7 is connected to the radon daughter filter 8 through the pipeline in turn, and the sampling is performed. The pump 9 and the radon chamber 10, and then the air outlet 7c of the bottom cover 7 is also connected to the radon chamber 10 through another pipeline, and the radon chamber 10 can be used to calibrate the radon precipitation rate rapid setting device (refer to the direction of the arrow in the figure for the airflow direction. shown).

It should be noted that the above-mentioned radon collecting chamber 6 and the bottom cover 7 are actually accessories of the radon precipitation rate rapid setting device, and the existing radon collecting chamber and bottom cover in the prior art can be used to replace or transform in practical application. , the radon collecting chamber 6 and the bottom cover 7 do not have to be detachably connected to the main body of the radon precipitation rate rapid setting device shown in Figure 2 through threads. Parts can be sold separately. In addition, the radon collecting chamber 6 and the bottom cover 7 that can be applied to the radon precipitation rate rapid setting device of the present invention are not limited to the structures shown in the drawings. After understanding the technical concept of the present invention, those skilled in the art should It is understood that the radon collecting chamber 6 and the bottom cover 7 can also adopt other structures, as long as they can achieve the purpose of the invention of the present application. The above description of the structure of the radon collecting chamber 6 and the bottom cover 7 is only used for illustration, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the technical concept of the present invention, and the structures of the radon collecting chamber 6 and the bottom cover 7 shown in the figures are only is the preferred, not the only structural solution.

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred implementation scheme of the present invention. In addition, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways, and any obvious replacements are within the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the concept of the technical solution.

In order to make it easier for those skilled in the art to understand the improvements of the present invention relative to the prior art, some drawings and descriptions of the present invention have been simplified, and for the sake of clarity, some other elements are also omitted in this application document, One of ordinary skill in the art would realize that these omitted elements may also constitute the subject matter of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The rapid radon exhalation rate value determining method comprises the following steps:

firstly, quickly tracking and measuring the changed radon concentration;

and (3) carrying out equivalence on the changed radon concentration by using an interpolation method: firstly, the environmental background is measured to obtain the environmental radon concentration C₀And after the environment background measurement is finished, radon collection is started, wherein T is used as a measurement period in the radon collection process, and the radon concentration at the end of the nth measurement period is as follows:

C_n＝C₀+ΔC₁+ΔC₂+....+ΔC_n＝K_0,(n+1)N_0,(n+1)+K_1,(n+1)N_1,(n+1)+K_2,(n+1)N_2,(n+1)+…+2K_n,(n+1)N_n,(n+1) (1)；

wherein,

N_n,(n+1)＝N_n+1-N_0,(n+1)-N_1,(n+1)....-N_(n-1),(n+1)；

the scale factor values in formula (1) are all calculated by the following formula (2);

wherein, K_{Sign board}＝C_{Sign board}/ΔN_P

In the formulae (1) and (2), K_i,j(i＝[0,n]，j＝[1,n+1]) The scale factor is the scale factor of the time from the beginning of the ith measurement period to the beginning of the jth measurement period under the condition of constant radon concentration; n is a radical of_i,j(i＝[0,n]，j＝[1,n+1]) α particle counts generated by decay of radon generated from the beginning of the ith measurement period to the beginning of the jth measurement period and collected by the detector, N_j(j＝[1,n+1]) α total count value of particles collected by the detector at the beginning of the jth measurement period_{Sign board}The radon exhalation rate measuring instrument is subjected to constant value measuring cycle duration K under the condition that the radon concentration of a standard radon chamber is constant_{Sign board}For measuring the period T_{Sign board}The scale factor of (d); c_{Sign board}For measuring the period T_{Sign board}Radon concentration at the end; delta N_PTo be in a measuring period T_{Sign board}At the end, α particle count values collected by the detector, T being the measurement period T_{Sign board}Other than the duration of each measuring period, λ_R、λ_PRespectively is radon,²¹⁸Decay constant of Po, where λ_R＝2.1×10^-6s^-1，λ_P＝3.7×10^-3s^-1；

Secondly, rapidly setting the radon exhalation rate;

and (3) calculating a radon concentration value at the end of each measurement period in the radon collection process according to the formulas (1) and (2), and calculating the radon exhalation rate according to the radon concentration value.

2. The method for rapidly valuing the radon exhalation rate according to claim 1, wherein:

firstly, calculating radon concentration C1 from radon collection to the end of a first measurement period and radon concentration Ci at the end of an ith measurement period according to formula (1), wherein i is more than or equal to 3;

calculating the radon exhalation rate according to the following formula;

v is the sum of the effective volume of the radon collection chamber and the volume of a measuring chamber of a radon exhalation rate measuring instrument;

s is the bottom area of the radon collecting chamber;

n is the number of measurements.

3. Radon exhalation rate quick definite value device, including insulating casing (1), measuring chamber (2), high-pressure module (3), signal and data processing module (4), measuring chamber (2) are located in insulating casing (1), be equipped with conducting layer (2a) that conducting material made on the lateral wall of measuring chamber (2) and the diapire, set up a plurality of first inlet ports (2b) that run through conducting layer (2a) will measure chamber (2) and external intercommunication on the diapire of insulating casing (1) install semiconductor detector (5) on the roof of measuring chamber (2), high-pressure module (3) and conducting layer (2a) electric connection, thereby form the electrostatic field between measuring chamber (2) and semiconductor detector (5) for the first generation daughter that the radon decay produced²¹⁸Po is adsorbed on the surface of the semiconductor detector (5) under the action of the electrostatic field, the semiconductor detector (5) is connected with a signal and data processing module (4), and the signal and data processing module (4) is used for processing an electric signal formed by the semiconductor detector (5) and calculating the corresponding radon exhalation rate quick setting method in combination with the radon exhalation rate quick setting method in claim 1 or 2Radon exhalation rate value.

4. The radon exhalation rate rapid valuing device of claim 3, wherein: still offer collection radon room (6) of connecting hole (6a) including the top, attack first internal thread (6b) on the pore wall of connecting hole (6a), attack on the outer peripheral face of insulating casing (1) and have external screw thread (1a) with first internal thread (6b) assorted, the lower extreme of insulating casing (1) can stretch into in the inner chamber of collection radon room (6) and with collection radon room (6) threaded connection from connecting hole (6 a).

5. The radon exhalation rate rapid valuing device of claim 3, wherein: the conducting layer (2) is made of metal materials.

6. The radon exhalation rate rapid valuing device of claim 4, wherein: the upper section of the insulating shell (1) is large, the lower section of the insulating shell is small, a step surface (1b) is formed at the position where the upper section is connected with the lower section, the external thread (1a) is arranged on the peripheral surface of the lower section, the lower end of the insulating shell (1) penetrates through the connecting hole (6a) to be in threaded connection with the radon collecting chamber (6), and the step surface (1b) abuts against the top end surface of the radon collecting chamber (6).

7. The radon exhalation rate rapid valuing device of claim 4, wherein: and the side wall of the insulating shell (1) is also provided with a plurality of second air inlets (2c) which penetrate through the conducting layer (2a) and communicate the measuring chamber (2a) with the outside.

8. The radon exhalation rate rapid valuing device of claim 7, wherein: the number of the radon collection chambers (6) is multiple, and the ratio of the bottom area of each radon collection chamber (6) to the volume of each radon collection chamber is different.

9. The device for rapidly valuing the radon exhalation rate according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein: still include end cover (7), end cover (7) top is uncovered attack on the opening end inner wall of end cover (7) and go up external screw thread (1a) assorted second internal thread (7a) with insulating casing (1), the bottom of end cover (7) is equipped with inlet port (7b) and the port (7c) of giving vent to anger that are used for external air guide pipeline, end cover (7) can be followed insulating casing (1) lower extreme and up overlap in insulating casing (1) outside and with insulating casing (1) threaded connection.