CN108610617A - A kind of preparation method of the antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of the antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of preparation method of the antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder, belongs to antistatic composite material technical field.Specific preparation process is as follows：Take nano cellulose crystal, polyglycol ether, coupling agent, water and polyurethane that reaction kettle, vacuum inspissation is added；Levulose and nanometer aluminium powder is added in mixture after inspissation, is stirred；By mixed liquor, with glass bar, striking forms a film on a glass, will be dried after film cleaning；Film after drying is put into the mixed liquor of polyvinylpyrrolidone and nano titanium powder, adjusting pH to alkalinity, water-bath is carried out under magnetic agitation and nitrogen protection；Product after reaction is cleaned to neutrality, is then dried, finally the obtained antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder.Antistatic composite material resistivity based on nanometer aluminium powder prepared by the method is low, and the material prepared has good mechanical property.Tensile strength is 21.34 ~ 26.73MPa, and elongation at break is 18.32 ~ 20.01%, and absorptivity is 165 ~ 178%, and water-resistance is 58 ~ 69%, and surface resistivity is 3.5 ~ 5.6 Ω.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to antistatic composite material technical fields, and in particular to a kind of antistatic based on nanometer aluminium powder is compound
The preparation method of material.
Background technology
It is electronic product small, integrated while quick with the rapid development of modern science and technology and electronics industry
Sensitivity is increased.When the electrostatic charge of object accumulation reaches a certain level, electrostatic spark, generated electromagnetism just will produce
Pulse and discharge current can generate prodigious harm to product.Electrostatic phenomenon is prevalent in aerospace, petrochemical industry, system
The industries such as medicine, mining, food will bring huge loss if do not paid attention to the mankind.It is reported that in microelectronics skill
Art field, the whole world is every year because the loss caused by electric discharge harm is up to 10,000,000,000 dollars or more.With high molecular material and material
The exploitation of complex technique, antistatic technique and antistatic packaging material are increasingly taken seriously, and are rapidly developed.It is antistatic
Attention of the growth and society of packaging material demand to green package, all to electrostatic protection problem, more stringent requirements are proposed, grinds
Good, economic and environment-friendly, energy saving, the efficient composite functional material of stability processed becomes a kind of trend.
Aluminium powder is commonly called as " silver powder ", i.e. the metallic pigments of silver color, and a small amount of lubricant is added with pure aluminum foil, is through pounding crushing
Squamous powder, then polished form.Aluminium powder is light, and floating force is high, and strong covering power is good to the reflecting properties of light and heat.Through place
Reason, can also become non-floating type aluminium powder.Aluminium powder can also make fireworks for differentiating fingerprint.Aluminium powder is since purposes is wide, demand
Greatly, wide in variety, so being the major class in metallic pigments.The coating that nanometer aluminium powder is mainly used for industrial anti-corrosion, antirust is melted, it is raw
Produce fireworks and firecrackers etc..
Cellulose (Cellulose) is a kind of natural polymer, has become the indispensable weight of human society
Want resource.Cellulose is mainly derived from plant (such as cotton, fiber crops, wood, bamboo), compared with synthesizing high molecular material, have it is renewable,
The advantages that degradable, of low cost, rich reserves.Nano-cellulose (Nano Cellulose, NC) refers to diameter 1~
100nm, it is the nano-macromolecule material of cellulose to have certain draw ratio, chemical composition.Nano-cellulose not only has natural
Cellulose is renewable, the characteristics such as biodegradable, also has bigger serface, high-hydrophilic, high transparency, high intensity, Gao Yang
The advantages that family name's modulus, low thermal coefficient of expansion, forms various functions composite material for it and provides possibility, in papermaking, food
Industry, composite material, electronic product, medicine and other fields have broad application prospects.Therefore, the preparation of nano-cellulose, knot
Structure, performance and the research of application are the emphasis and hot spot of current domestic and foreign scholars' research.
Invention content
The technical issues of solution：In view of the above technical problems, it is multiple to provide a kind of antistatic based on nanometer aluminium powder by the present invention
The advantages that preparation method of condensation material, the resistivity of material of preparation is low, tensile strength is high, water resistance is good.
Technical solution：A kind of preparation method of the antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder, the preparation method include
Following steps：
Step 1 weighs 2~5 mass parts nano cellulose crystals, 20~40 mass parts polyglycol ethers, 1~3 mass parts
Coupling agent, 30~50 mass parts water and 80~100 mass parts polyurethane are added in reaction kettle, true at a temperature of 80~100 DEG C
Sky steams 4~6h；
After 0.5~1.5 mass parts levulose and 40~50 mass parts nanometer aluminium powders are added to step 1 inspissation by step 2
Mixture in, then 3~5h of mechanical agitation obtains mixed solution at a temperature of 90~100 DEG C；
With glass bar, striking forms a film the mixed solution that step 3 prepares step 2 on a glass, by film 30~
2~3h is impregnated in 40 DEG C of distilled water, then dry 10~12h at a temperature of 60~70 DEG C；
Film prepared by step 3 is cut into the film of 20mm × 10mm sizes by step 4, and film is then put into 10~20
In the mixed liquor of mass parts polyvinylpyrrolidone and 2~4 mass parts nano titanium powders, impregnated under magnetic agitation and nitrogen protection
After 10~12h, it is put into a concentration of 0.25mol/L NaOH solutions of 50~60 mass parts, 60~80 DEG C of water-baths are anti-under nitrogen protection
Answer 30~60min；
Step 5 waits after the completion of reacting, and uses distilled water and washes of absolute alcohol film sample to neutrality respectively, 60~70 DEG C
At a temperature of the antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder is made after dry 1~2d.
Preferably, coupling agent is isobutyl ethyl triethoxy silicane in the step 1.
Preferably, weighing 3 mass parts nano cellulose crystals, 35 mass parts polyglycol ethers, 2 matter in the step 1
Amount part coupling agent, 44 mass parts water and 95 mass parts polyurethane are added in reaction kettle, and vacuum steams 5h at a temperature of 93 DEG C.
It is steamed preferably, 1 mass parts levulose and 45 mass parts nanometer aluminium powders are added to step 1 in the step 2
In mixture after dense, then mechanical agitation 4h obtains mixed solution at a temperature of 98 DEG C.
Preferably, film is impregnated 2.5h in 35 DEG C of distilled water in the step 3, then done at a temperature of 68 DEG C
Dry 11h.
Preferably, film is put into 13 mass parts polyvinylpyrrolidones and 3 mass parts nano-titaniums in the step 4
In the mixed liquor of powder, after impregnating 11h under magnetic agitation and nitrogen protection, it is put into a concentration of 0.25mol/LNaOH of 55 mass parts
In solution, the lower 67 DEG C of water-bath 45min of nitrogen protection.
Preferably, the antistatic composite wood based on nanometer aluminium powder is made after dry 1d at a temperature of 68 DEG C in the step 5
Material.
Advantageous effect：Antistatic composite material resistivity based on nanometer aluminium powder prepared by the method for the invention is low, and
And the material prepared has good mechanical property.Tensile strength be 21.34~26.73MPa, elongation at break be 18.32~
20.01%, absorptivity is 165~178%, and water-resistance is 58~69%, and surface resistivity is 3.5~5.6 Ω.It is received by addition
The synergistic effect of rice cellulose crystals and nano titanium powder, makes the composite material surface resistivity of preparation be reduced, improves anti-
Tensile strength, water resistance and the antistatic performance of electrostatic composite material.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of the antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder, the preparation method comprises the following steps：
Step 1 weighs 2 mass parts nano cellulose crystals, 20 mass parts polyglycol ethers, 1 mass parts coupling agent, 30
Mass parts water and 80 mass parts polyurethane are added in reaction kettle, and vacuum steams 4h at a temperature of 80 DEG C, and the coupling agent is isobutyl
Ethyl triethoxy silicane.
0.5 mass parts levulose and 40 mass parts nanometer aluminium powders are added to the mixture after step 1 inspissation by step 2
In, then mechanical agitation 3h obtains mixed solution at a temperature of 90 DEG C.
With glass bar, striking forms a film the mixed solution that step 3 prepares step 2 on a glass, by film at 30 DEG C
2h is impregnated in distilled water, then dry 10h at a temperature of 60 DEG C.
Film prepared by step 3 is cut into the film of 20mm × 10mm sizes by step 4, and film is then put into 10 mass
In the mixed liquor of part polyvinylpyrrolidone and 2 mass parts nano titanium powders, after impregnating 10h under magnetic agitation and nitrogen protection,
It is put into a concentration of 0.25mol/LNaOH solution of 50 mass parts, the lower 60 DEG C of water-bath 30min of nitrogen protection.
Step 5 is waited after the completion of reacting, and uses distilled water and washes of absolute alcohol film sample to neutrality, 60 DEG C of temperature respectively
The antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder is made after lower dry 1d.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of the antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder, the preparation method comprises the following steps：
Step 1 weighs 5 mass parts nano cellulose crystals, 40 mass parts polyglycol ethers, 3 mass parts coupling agents, 50
Mass parts water and 100 mass parts polyurethane are added in reaction kettle, and vacuum steams 6h at a temperature of 100 DEG C, and the coupling agent is different
Butyl triethoxysilicane.
1.5 mass parts levuloses and 50 mass parts nanometer aluminium powders are added to the mixture after step 1 inspissation by step 2
In, then mechanical agitation 5h obtains mixed solution at a temperature of 100 DEG C.
With glass bar, striking forms a film the mixed solution that step 3 prepares step 2 on a glass, by film at 40 DEG C
3h is impregnated in distilled water, then dry 12h at a temperature of 70 DEG C.
Film prepared by step 3 is cut into the film of 20mm × 10mm sizes by step 4, and film is then put into 20 mass
In the mixed liquor of part polyvinylpyrrolidone and 4 mass parts nano titanium powders, after impregnating 12h under magnetic agitation and nitrogen protection,
It is put into a concentration of 0.25mol/LNaOH solution of 60 mass parts, the lower 80 DEG C of water-bath 60min of nitrogen protection.
Step 5 is waited after the completion of reacting, and uses distilled water and washes of absolute alcohol film sample to neutrality, 70 DEG C of temperature respectively
The antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder is made after lower dry 2d.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of the antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder, the preparation method comprises the following steps：
Step 1 weighs 3 mass parts nano cellulose crystals, 35 mass parts polyglycol ethers, 2 mass parts coupling agents, 44
Mass parts water and 95 mass parts polyurethane are added in reaction kettle, and vacuum steams 5h at a temperature of 93 DEG C, and the coupling agent is isobutyl
Ethyl triethoxy silicane.
1 mass parts levulose and 45 mass parts nanometer aluminium powders are added in the mixture after step 1 inspissation by step 2,
Then mechanical agitation 4h obtains mixed solution at a temperature of 98 DEG C.
With glass bar, striking forms a film the mixed solution that step 3 prepares step 2 on a glass, by film at 35 DEG C
2.5h is impregnated in distilled water, then dry 11h at a temperature of 68 DEG C.
Film prepared by step 3 is cut into the film of 20mm × 10mm sizes by step 4, and film is then put into 13 mass
In the mixed liquor of part polyvinylpyrrolidone and 3 mass parts nano titanium powders, after impregnating 11h under magnetic agitation and nitrogen protection,
It is put into a concentration of 0.25mol/LNaOH solution of 55 mass parts, the lower 67 DEG C of water-bath 45min of nitrogen protection.
Step 5 is waited after the completion of reacting, and uses distilled water and washes of absolute alcohol film sample to neutrality, 68 DEG C of temperature respectively
The antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder is made after lower dry 1d.
Comparative example 1
With embodiment 3, difference lies in nano cellulose crystal is not added, specific preparation process is as follows：
Step 1 weighs 35 mass parts polyglycol ethers, 2 mass parts coupling agents, 44 mass parts water and the poly- ammonia of 95 mass parts
Ester is added in reaction kettle, and vacuum steams 5h at a temperature of 93 DEG C, and the coupling agent is isobutyl ethyl triethoxy silicane.
1 mass parts levulose and 45 mass parts nanometer aluminium powders are added in the mixture after step 1 inspissation by step 2,
Then mechanical agitation 4h obtains mixed solution at a temperature of 98 DEG C.
With glass bar, striking forms a film the mixed solution that step 3 prepares step 2 on a glass, by film at 35 DEG C
2.5h is impregnated in distilled water, then dry 11h at a temperature of 68 DEG C.
Film prepared by step 3 is cut into the film of 20mm × 10mm sizes by step 4, and film is then put into 13 mass
In the mixed liquor of part polyvinylpyrrolidone and 3 mass parts nano titanium powders, after impregnating 11h under magnetic agitation and nitrogen protection,
It is put into a concentration of 0.25mol/LNaOH solution of 55 mass parts, the lower 67 DEG C of water-bath 45min of nitrogen protection.
Step 5 is waited after the completion of reacting, and uses distilled water and washes of absolute alcohol film sample to neutrality, 68 DEG C of temperature respectively
The antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder is made after lower dry 1d.
Comparative example 2
With embodiment 3, difference lies in nano titanium powder is not added, specific preparation process is as follows：
Step 1 weighs 3 mass parts nano cellulose crystals, 35 mass parts polyglycol ethers, 2 mass parts coupling agents, 44
Mass parts water and 95 mass parts polyurethane are added in reaction kettle, and vacuum steams 5h at a temperature of 93 DEG C, and the coupling agent is isobutyl
Ethyl triethoxy silicane.
1 mass parts levulose and 45 mass parts nanometer aluminium powders are added in the mixture after step 1 inspissation by step 2,
Then mechanical agitation 4h obtains mixed solution at a temperature of 98 DEG C.
With glass bar, striking forms a film the mixed solution that step 3 prepares step 2 on a glass, by film at 35 DEG C
2.5h is impregnated in distilled water, then dry 11h at a temperature of 68 DEG C.
Film prepared by step 3 is cut into the film of 20mm × 10mm sizes by step 4, and film is then put into 13 mass
In part polyvinylpyrrolidone, after impregnating 11h under magnetic agitation and nitrogen protection, it is put into a concentration of 0.25mol/ of 55 mass parts
In LNaOH solution, the lower 67 DEG C of water-bath 45min of nitrogen protection.
Step 5 is waited after the completion of reacting, and uses distilled water and washes of absolute alcohol film sample to neutrality, 68 DEG C of temperature respectively
The antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder is made after lower dry 1d.
The antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder prepared to Examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 carries out
Performance test.Tensile strength and elongation at break are the common counters for characterizing high polymer material mechanical property, tensile strength and disconnected
Split elongation defined humidity and at a temperature of tested according to standard GB/T 1040.3-2006, apply pulling force (F)
Extension test is carried out until sample fracture, rate of extension 50mm/min.Water absorption rate is surveyed according to ASTMD 570-98
Examination.Sample is placed at 50 DEG C to be dried in vacuo and claims its quality m afterwards for 24 hours0, then by sample into 25 DEG C of distilled water, for 24 hours after
It takes out, claims its quality m again1, then the water absorption rate A of sample can be calculatedb：Ab=[(m1-m0)/m0] × 100%.Sample water proofing property is surveyed
Amount is on electronic universal tester according to ISO 527-3:1995 (E) are tested, and measure sample respectively in dry state and hygrometric state
Under tensile strength and elongation at break, drawstring rate be 50mm/min.Hygrometric state soaks sample when measuring in 25 DEG C of distilled water
1h is steeped, then measures its tensile strength and elongation at break, and calculates its water-resistance (Rb)：Rb=σbw/σbd.In formula：σbwAnd σbdPoint
It Wei not tensile strength of the sample under hygrometric state and dry state.RbValue is bigger to indicate that the water proofing property of material is stronger.Composite membrane it is antistatic
Performance is indicated with its surface resistivity.Using WRSTG330 volumes, surface resistivity tester according to SJ/T10694-1996 points
It Ce Ding not the surface resistivity of composite membrane in dry environments.
| Tensile strength/MPa | Elongation at break/% | Water absorption rate/% | Water-resistance/% | Surface resistivity/Ω | |
| Embodiment 1 | 22.46 | 18.32 | 165 | 61 | 5.7 |
| Embodiment 2 | 21.34 | 18.67 | 167 | 58 | 5.6 |
| Embodiment 3 | 26.73 | 20.01 | 178 | 69 | 3.5 |
| Comparative example 1 | 14.96 | 13.89 | 145 | 39 | 7.1 |
| Comparative example 2 | 15.01 | 13.57 | 142 | 42 | 7.6 |
Claims (7)
1. a kind of preparation method of the antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder, which is characterized in that the preparation method includes
Following steps：
Step 1 weigh 2 ~ 5 mass parts nano cellulose crystals, 20 ~ 40 mass parts polyglycol ethers, 1 ~ 3 mass parts coupling agent,
30 ~ 50 mass parts water and 80 ~ 100 mass parts polyurethane are added in reaction kettle, and vacuum steams 4 ~ 6 h at a temperature of 80 ~ 100 DEG C；
0.5 ~ 1.5 mass parts levulose and 40 ~ 50 mass parts nanometer aluminium powders are added to the mixing after step 1 inspissation by step 2
In object, then 3 ~ 5 h of mechanical agitation obtains mixed solution at a temperature of 90 ~ 100 DEG C；
With glass bar, striking forms a film the mixed solution that step 3 prepares step 2 on a glass, and film is steamed at 30 ~ 40 DEG C
2 ~ 3 h are impregnated in distilled water, then dry 10 ~ 12 h at a temperature of 60 ~ 70 DEG C；
Film prepared by step 3 is cut into the film of the mm sizes of 20 mm × 10 by step 4, and film is then put into 10 ~ 20 mass
In the mixed liquor of part polyvinylpyrrolidone and 2 ~ 4 mass parts nano titanium powders, 10 ~ 12 are impregnated under magnetic agitation and nitrogen protection
After h, it is put into a concentration of 0.25 mol/L NaOH solutions of 50 ~ 60 mass parts, 60 ~ 80 DEG C of water-baths 30 ~ 60 under nitrogen protection
min；
Step 5 is waited after the completion of reacting, and uses distilled water and washes of absolute alcohol film sample to neutrality, 60 ~ 70 DEG C of temperature respectively
The antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder is made after 1 ~ 2d of lower drying.
2. a kind of preparation method of antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder according to claim 1, feature exist
In coupling agent is isobutyl ethyl triethoxy silicane in the step 1.
3. a kind of preparation method of antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder according to claim 1, feature exist
In weighing 3 mass parts nano cellulose crystals, 35 mass parts polyglycol ethers, 2 mass parts coupling agents, 44 in the step 1
Mass parts water and 95 mass parts polyurethane are added in reaction kettle, and vacuum steams 5 h at a temperature of 93 DEG C.
4. a kind of preparation method of antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder according to claim 1, feature exist
In, 1 mass parts levulose and 45 mass parts nanometer aluminium powders be added in the step 2 in the mixture after step 1 inspissation,
Then 4 h of mechanical agitation obtains mixed solution at a temperature of 98 DEG C.
5. a kind of preparation method of antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder according to claim 1, feature exist
In film being impregnated 2.5 h in 35 DEG C of distilled water in the step 3, then dry 11 h at a temperature of 68 DEG C.
6. a kind of preparation method of antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder according to claim 1, feature exist
In, film is put into the mixed liquor of 13 mass parts polyvinylpyrrolidones and 3 mass parts nano titanium powders in the step 4,
It after impregnating 11 h under magnetic agitation and nitrogen protection, is put into a concentration of 0.25 mol/LNaOH solution of 55 mass parts, nitrogen is protected
Protect 45 min of lower 67 DEG C of water-baths.
7. a kind of preparation method of antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder according to claim 1, feature exist
In the antistatic composite material based on nanometer aluminium powder is made in the step 5 at a temperature of 68 DEG C after dry 1 d.
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