CN108610412A - A kind of production method of novel marine organisms skin gelatin - Google Patents
A kind of production method of novel marine organisms skin gelatin Download PDFInfo
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- CN108610412A CN108610412A CN201810309636.2A CN201810309636A CN108610412A CN 108610412 A CN108610412 A CN 108610412A CN 201810309636 A CN201810309636 A CN 201810309636A CN 108610412 A CN108610412 A CN 108610412A
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- skin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/78—Connective tissue peptides, e.g. collagen, elastin, laminin, fibronectin, vitronectin, cold insoluble globulin [CIG]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P21/00—Preparation of peptides or proteins
- C12P21/06—Preparation of peptides or proteins produced by the hydrolysis of a peptide bond, e.g. hydrolysate products
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of production methods of novel marine organisms skin gelatin, belong to field of food, in process of production, Java tilapia skin is pre-processed successively, pickling, acid is moved back, neutralizes, washing, enzymolysis obtains gelatin finished product after proposing glue, post-processing, the enzymolysis, which is submitted, uses acid protease, the acid protease is made using fermentation of Aspergillus niger, and aspergillus niger uses progress ultrasonic wave induction processing under vacuum environment to prepare.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to food processing fields.
Background technology
Fishskin gelatin manufacturing enterprise of the country continues to use traditional soda technique glue at present, and technological process includes：Caustic dip → move back
Buck, which is washed, → neutralization → washes → heats and put forward glue → refinement treatment → concentration → evaporation → sterilizing → plastic squeeze, drying, this technique
The method production cycle needs 7-10 days, takes longer；Caustic dip process need to take 3-5 days, need to build a large amount of caustic dip pond, take up an area face
Product is big, and investment is big, and the process often produces one ton of gelatin in addition：200-300 tons of water consumption；Discharge alkaline wastewater amount is big；Technique
Condition is harsh, and easily influenced by ambient temperature, collagen is easily lost in during caustic dip, unstable product quality, 30%- when carrying glue
40% gelatin is needed in high temperature（80-100℃）Under the conditions of produce, high energy consumption, the disadvantages such as good glue rate is low.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to：In view of the above problems, a kind of life of novel marine organisms skin gelatin is provided
Production method, which is characterized in that Java tilapia skin is pre-processed successively, pickling, acid is moved back, neutralizes, washing, enzymolysis carries glue, rear place
Gelatin finished product is obtained after reason, the enzymolysis carries glue using acid protease enzymolysis is continuously added after defatting enzyme enzymolysis processing, takes off
The processing PH of lipase is 4-5, and temperature is 30-35 DEG C, and the acid protease is made using fermentation of Aspergillus niger, and aspergillus niger uses
Ultrasonic wave induction processing is carried out under vacuum environment to prepare.
As an improvement, the pretreatment is：According to Java tilapia skin：Water=1:1 ratio is soaked under 40-50 DEG C of temperature condition
Bubble 8-12 hours makes fish-skin drinking water expansion；Use 40-50 DEG C of hot water injection's fish-skin 2-3 times, single material：Than=1:1, flushing water returns
It receives and is impregnated for fish-skin.
As an improvement, dilute sulfuric acid of the pickling acid processing using 1-3% concentration.
As an improvement, acid soaking step is as follows：According to fish-skin：Dilute sulfuric acid=1:1 ratio prepares the dilute sulfuric acid of 12-18 DEG C of temperature,
And dilute sulfuric acid is first put into the pickling pond with stirring；Stirring is opened, quantitative fish is at the uniform velocity put under the rotating speed of 5-30r/min
Skin skin, charging time are controlled at 0.2-0.5 hours, are kept for 0.2-1 hours under the speed conditions of 5-30r/min after feeding intake, and are protected
Card Animal Skin is uniformly mixed with dilute sulfuric acid；Stop stirring after mixing, it is static pickling 8-12 hours, small every 4 during static pickling
Shi Qidong is stirred 5-15 minutes；Tapping valve venting acid solution is opened after the completion of pickling.
As an improvement, moving back acid, steps are as follows：After venting acid solution, according to single material-water ratio 1:1-2 ratios add water to wash cladding,
Washing water is delivered to recovery pond for complex acid, and neutralization step is carried out after washing 2-3 times.
As an improvement, neutralization procedure is as follows：In neutralizing tank of the Animal Skin input with stirring after washing, adds water to and do not cross skin
Expect 5-10cm, adjusts pH value using the sodium hydroxide solution of 30% concentration, adjust PH to 4-6, add hydroxide during neutralization by several times
Sodium solution neutralizes time 12-18 hour, stablizes 4-8 hours, and venting neutralizer enters subsequent processing after pH value is stablized.
As an improvement, enzymolysis carries glue, steps are as follows：Reaction kettle of the fish-skin input with stirring after washing, according to original skin：
Water=1:Pure water is added in 1-1.5 ratios, is warming up to 40-60 DEG C, and acidic protein is added according to the ratio of 100,000/5-10 of siccative
Enzyme, acid protease addition is the acid protease that every gram of original skin adds 5-10IU at this time, in 40-60 DEG C, PH=2-5 conditions
Lower enzymolysis carries glue 3-5 hours, and gelatin concentration is 6%-9% at this time；PH is adjusted to 5-8 using 10% sodium hydroxide solution will be acid
Albumen enzyme-deactivating is warming up to 60-80 DEG C, and keeps thoroughly killing enzyme in 5-20 minutes.
Using enzymolysis process glue, technological process includes：Warm water impregnates, cleaning → pickling → back sour water is washed → neutralizes → water
It washes → digests and propose glue → refinement treatment → concentration → evaporation → sterilizing → plastic squeeze, drying, this process no longer carries out caustic dip
Processing, the production cycle foreshortens to 2-3 days, and the time is short, and occupation of capital rate is small, while without construction caustic dip pond, saved land used and
Investment, enzymolysis process often produces an xanthan in addition：Only 30-40 tons of water consumption, solid waste：Nothing；Waste residue, wastewater discharge are small；Due to place
The reason time is shorter, and factor affected by environment is relatively low, and collagen not easily runs off during pickling, it is ensured that the stabilization of product quality
The advantages that property, only glue need to be disposably digested when carrying glue in 45-55 DEG C of temperature condition, and low energy consumption, and good glue rate is high.
Conventional protease can reach the requirement of enzymolysis, but in order to improve product quality and hydrolysis result, the present invention
It is made using fermentation of Aspergillus niger, and using ultrasonic wave induction is carried out under vacuum environment, vacuum environment is usually the vacuum of 0.1-0.2
Environment.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in detail below.
In order to make the present invention mesh, technical solution and advantage be more clearly understood, with reference to embodiments, to this hair
It is bright to be further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and do not have to
It is of the invention in limiting.
Specific embodiment 1：
Hot-water soak, cleaning
According to Java tilapia skin：Water=1:1 ratio adds 47 DEG C of hot water 500Kg, stirring to be impregnated 8 hours after 0.5 hour, and fish-skin is made to absorb water
Expansion；
Venting soaking water drains after adding 40 DEG C of hot water 500Kg to stir 0.5 hour, repeats this step 2 time；
Two, pickling is handled：
Raw material：Java tilapia skin 500Kg, auxiliary material：The dilute sulfuric acid of 1.23% concentration
Step：
According to cladding：Dilute sulfuric acid=1:1 ratio prepares the dilute sulfuric acid 500Kg of 16.2 DEG C of temperature, and dilute sulfuric acid is first put into band stirring
Pickling pond in；
Stirring is opened, quantitative Animal Skin is at the uniform velocity put under the rotating speed of 24r/min, charging time is controlled at 0.5 hour, after feeding intake
It is kept for 0.5 hour under the speed conditions of 22r/min, ensures that Animal Skin is uniformly mixed with dilute sulfuric acid；Stop stirring after mixing, it is quiet
State pickling 12 hours started stirring 10 minutes during static pickling every 2 hours.
Tapping valve venting acid solution is opened after the completion of pickling.
Three, back sour water is washed
After venting acid solution, according to single material-water ratio 1:1.5 ratios add water 750Kg to wash cladding, and washing water is delivered to recovery pond use
In complex acid, neutralization step is carried out after washing 3 times.
Four, it neutralizes
In neutralizing tank of the Animal Skin input with stirring after washing, adds water to and do not cross cladding 10cm, use the hydroxide of 30% concentration
Sodium solution adjusts pH value, adjusts PH to 5.6-5.8, and point 3 addition sodium hydroxide solutions, neutralize 15 hours time during neutralization,
Stablize 4 hours, venting neutralizer enters subsequent processing after pH value is stablized.It is 4-5 that PH is adjusted after neutralization, and temperature is 30-35 DEG C,
Defatting enzyme is added to be handled；
Five, it washes
After venting neutralizer, according to single material-water ratio 1:1.5 ratios add water 750Kg to wash cladding, and washing water is emitted into cesspool
It is discharged after processing, cladding enters glue-extracting working procedure.
Six, enzymolysis carries glue
Reaction kettle of the Animal Skin input with stirring after step 4 is washed, according to dry Animal Skin：Water=1:1.2 ratios are added pure
Water 600Kg is warming up to 47 DEG C, acid protease is added according to 6/100000ths ratio of original skin, acid protease adds at this time
It is the acid protease that every gram of dry Animal Skin adds 6IU to enter amount, and enzymolysis carries glue 4 hours under the conditions of 45-55 DEG C, PH=3-4, at this time
Gelatin concentration is 6.4%；PH is adjusted to 5.5 by acidic protein enzyme-deactivating using 10% sodium hydroxide solution, is warming up to 75 DEG C, and
It keeps thoroughly killing enzyme in 20 minutes.Acid protease is made using fermentation of Aspergillus niger, and aspergillus niger, which uses, carries out ultrasound under vacuum environment
It is prepared by wave induction processing.
Seven, refinement treatment
The glue that step 5 enzymolysis is carried to glue is clarified, is filtered, ion exchange.
Eight, it concentrates, evaporate, sterilizing, plastic squeeze drying
Glue of the step 6 after refined is concentrated using ultrafiltration membrane, is concentrated into a concentration of 10%-12%, then through four-effect evaporator
Concentrate sterilizes 3-5 seconds to 20%-25% concentration under 142 DEG C of temperature conditions, extrusion, drying after freeze forming, produces high viscous
The gelatinum pro capsulae of degree, high jelly power, high yield pulp1, can be used for the gelatin of food additives.
Nine, product quality
| Bo Shi viscosity（mPa.s） | Freeze power（bloom.g） | Ash % | Yield % |
| 5.61 | 334 | 0 | 12.3 |
Embodiment two：
One, hot-water soak, cleaning
1, according to Java tilapia skin：Water=1:1 ratio adds 44 DEG C of hot water 500Kg, stirring to be impregnated 8 hours after 0.5 hour, and fish-skin is made to eat
Water expands；
2, venting soaking water drains after adding 43 DEG C of hot water 500Kg to stir 0.5 hour, repeats this step 2 time；
Two, pickling is handled：
Raw material：Animal Skin 500Kg, auxiliary material：The dilute sulfuric acid of 2.25% concentration
Step：
1, according to cladding：Dilute sulfuric acid=1:1 ratio prepares the dilute sulfuric acid 500Kg of 14.5 DEG C of temperature, and dilute sulfuric acid is first put into band and is stirred
In the pickling pond mixed；
2, stirring is opened, quantitative Animal Skin is at the uniform velocity put under the rotating speed of 24r/min, charging time is controlled at 0.5 hour, fed intake
It is kept for 0.5 hour under the speed conditions of 22r/min afterwards, ensures that Animal Skin is uniformly mixed with dilute sulfuric acid；Stop stirring after mixing,
Static pickling 12 hours started stirring 10 minutes during static pickling every 2 hours.
3, tapping valve venting acid solution is opened after the completion of pickling.
Three, back sour water is washed
After venting acid solution, according to single material-water ratio 1:1.5 ratios add water 750Kg to wash cladding, and washing water is delivered to recovery pond use
In complex acid, neutralization step is carried out after washing 3 times.
Four, it neutralizes
In neutralizing tank of the Animal Skin input with stirring after washing, adds water to and do not cross cladding 10cm, use the hydroxide of 30% concentration
Sodium solution adjusts pH value, adjusts PH to 4.9-5.1, and point 3 addition sodium hydroxide solutions, neutralize 18 hours time during neutralization,
Stablize 6 hours, venting neutralizer enters subsequent processing after pH value is stablized.
Five, it washes
After venting neutralizer, according to single material-water ratio 1:1.5 ratios add water 750Kg to wash cladding, and washing water is emitted into cesspool
It is discharged after processing, cladding enters pulverizing process.
Six, enzymolysis carries glue
Reaction kettle of the Animal Skin input with stirring after step 4 is washed, according to dry Animal Skin：Water=1:2.5 ratios are added pure
Water 7500Kg is warming up to 45 DEG C, acid protease is added according to 6/10000ths ratio of original skin, acid protease adds at this time
It is the acid protease that every gram of dry Animal Skin adds 60IU to enter amount, and enzymolysis carries glue 4 hours under the conditions of 45-55 DEG C, PH=3-4, at this time
Gelatin concentration is 6.75%；PH is adjusted to 6.2 by acidic protein enzyme-deactivating using 10% sodium hydroxide solution, is warming up to 75 DEG C,
And it keeps thoroughly killing enzyme in 20 minutes.Acid protease is made using fermentation of Aspergillus niger, and aspergillus niger uses to be surpassed under vacuum environment
It is prepared by sound wave induction processing.
Seven, refinement treatment
The glue that step 5 enzymolysis is carried to glue is clarified, is filtered, ion exchange.
Eight, it concentrates, evaporate, sterilizing, plastic squeeze drying
Glue of the step 6 after refined is concentrated using ultrafiltration membrane, is concentrated into a concentration of 10%-12%, then through four-effect evaporator
Concentrate sterilizes 3-5 seconds to 20%-25% concentration under 142 DEG C of temperature conditions, extrusion, drying after freeze forming, produces high viscous
The gelatinum pro capsulae of degree, high jelly power, high yield pulp1, can be used for the gelatin of food additives.
Product quality
Example three：
One, hot-water soak, cleaning
1, according to Java tilapia skin：Water=1:1 ratio adds 40 DEG C of hot water 500Kg, stirring to be impregnated 12 hours after 0.5 hour, and fish-skin is made to eat
Water expands；
2, venting soaking water drains after adding 40 DEG C of hot water 500Kg to stir 0.5 hour, repeats this step 2 time；
Two, pickling is handled：
Raw material：Animal Skin 500Kg, auxiliary material：The dilute sulfuric acid of 3.03% concentration
Step：
1, according to cladding：Dilute sulfuric acid=1:1 ratio prepares the dilute sulfuric acid 500Kg of 16.8 DEG C of temperature, and dilute sulfuric acid is first put into band and is stirred
In the pickling pond mixed；
2, stirring is opened, quantitative Animal Skin is at the uniform velocity put under the rotating speed of 24r/min, charging time is controlled at 0.5 hour, fed intake
It is kept for 0.5 hour under the speed conditions of 22r/min afterwards, ensures that Animal Skin is uniformly mixed with dilute sulfuric acid；Stop stirring after mixing,
Static pickling 12 hours started stirring 10 minutes during static pickling every 4 hours.
3, tapping valve venting acid solution is opened after the completion of pickling.
Three, back sour water is washed
After venting acid solution, according to single material-water ratio 1:1.5 ratios add water 750Kg to wash cladding, and washing water is delivered to recovery pond use
In complex acid, neutralization step is carried out after washing 3 times.
Four, it neutralizes
In neutralizing tank of the Animal Skin input with stirring after washing, adds water to and do not cross cladding 10cm, use the hydroxide of 30% concentration
Sodium solution adjusts pH value, adjusts PH to 5.6-5.8, and point 3 addition sodium hydroxide solutions, neutralize 17 hours time during neutralization,
Stablize 5 hours, venting neutralizer enters subsequent processing after pH value is stablized.
Five, it washes
After venting neutralizer, according to single material-water ratio 1:1.5 ratios add water 750Kg to wash cladding, and washing water is emitted into cesspool
It is discharged after processing, cladding enters pulverizing process.
Six, enzymolysis carries glue
Reaction kettle of the Animal Skin input with stirring after step 4 is washed, according to dry Animal Skin：Water=1:2.5 ratios are added pure
Water 7500Kg is warming up to 45 DEG C, acid protease is added according to 2.5/10000ths ratio of original skin, at this time acid protease
Addition is the acid protease that every gram of dry Animal Skin adds 25IU, and enzymolysis carries glue 4 hours under the conditions of 45-55 DEG C, PH=3-4, this
When gelatin concentration be 7.2%；PH is adjusted to 5.5 by acidic protein enzyme-deactivating using 10% sodium hydroxide solution, is warming up to 75 DEG C,
And it keeps thoroughly killing enzyme in 20 minutes.Acid protease is made using fermentation of Aspergillus niger, and aspergillus niger uses to be surpassed under vacuum environment
It is prepared by sound wave induction processing.
Seven, refinement treatment
The glue that step 5 enzymolysis is carried to glue is clarified, is filtered, ion exchange.
Eight, it concentrates, evaporate, sterilizing, plastic squeeze drying
Glue of the step 6 after refined is concentrated using ultrafiltration membrane, is concentrated into a concentration of 10%-12%, then through four-effect evaporator
Concentrate sterilizes 3-5 seconds to 20%-25% concentration under 142 DEG C of temperature conditions, extrusion, drying after freeze forming, produces high viscous
The gelatinum pro capsulae of degree, high jelly power, high yield pulp1, can be used for the gelatin of food additives.
Nine, product quality
| Bo Shi viscosity（mPa.s） | Freeze power（bloom.g） | Ash % | Yield % |
| 5.13 | 312 | 0.0 | 14.2 |
Claims (7)
1. a kind of production method of novel marine organisms skin gelatin, which is characterized in that pre-processed Java tilapia skin successively,
Pickling, move back acid, neutralize, washing, enzymolysis carry and obtain gelatin finished product after glue, post-processing, the enzymolysis carries glue and uses defatting enzyme enzyme
Acid protease enzymolysis is continuously added after solution processing, the processing PH of defatting enzyme is 4-5, and temperature is 30-35 DEG C, the acid egg
White enzyme is made using fermentation of Aspergillus niger, and aspergillus niger uses progress ultrasonic wave induction processing under vacuum environment to prepare.
2. the production method of novel marine organisms skin gelatin according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pre- place
Reason is：According to Java tilapia skin：Water=1:1 ratio is impregnated 8-12 hours under 40-50 DEG C of temperature condition, makes fish-skin drinking water expansion；Make
With 40-50 DEG C of hot water injection's fish-skin 2-3 times, single material：Than=1:1, flushing water recycling is impregnated for fish-skin.
3. the production method of novel marine organisms skin gelatin according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the processing of pickling acid
Using the dilute sulfuric acid of 1-3% concentration.
4. the production method of novel marine organisms skin gelatin according to claim 3, which is characterized in that acid soaking step is such as
Under：
According to fish-skin：Dilute sulfuric acid=1:1 ratio prepares the dilute sulfuric acid of 12-18 DEG C of temperature, and dilute sulfuric acid is first put into stirring
In pickling pond；
Stirring is opened, quantitative fish-skin skin is at the uniform velocity put under the rotating speed of 5-30r/min, charging time control is small in 0.2-0.5
When, it is kept for 0.2-1 hours under the speed conditions of 5-30r/min after feeding intake, ensures that Animal Skin is uniformly mixed with dilute sulfuric acid；Mixing
Stop stirring afterwards, static pickling 8-12 hours, starts stirring 5-15 minutes every 4 hours during static pickling；
Tapping valve venting acid solution is opened after the completion of pickling.
5. the production method of novel marine organisms skin gelatin according to claim 4, which is characterized in that move back sour step
It is as follows：After venting acid solution, according to single material-water ratio 1:1-2 ratios add water to wash cladding, and washing water is delivered to recovery pond for matching
Acid carries out neutralization step after washing 2-3 times.
6. the production method of novel marine organisms skin gelatin according to claim 5, which is characterized in that neutralization procedure is such as
Under：In neutralizing tank of the Animal Skin input with stirring after washing, adds water to and do not cross cladding 5-10cm, use the hydrogen-oxygen of 30% concentration
Change sodium solution and adjust pH value, adjust PH to 4-6, add sodium hydroxide solution during neutralization by several times, neutralizes time 12-18 hour,
Stablize 4-8 hours, venting neutralizer enters subsequent processing after pH value is stablized.
7. the production method of novel marine organisms skin gelatin according to claim 6, which is characterized in that enzymolysis carries glue
Steps are as follows：Reaction kettle of the fish-skin input with stirring after washing, according to original skin：Water=1:Pure water is added in 1-1.5 ratios, rises
Acid protease is added to 40-60 DEG C, according to the ratio of 100,000/5-10 of siccative in temperature, and acid protease addition is at this time
Every gram of original skin adds the acid protease of 5-10IU, and enzymolysis carries glue 3-5 hours under the conditions of 40-60 DEG C, PH=2-5, at this time glue
A concentration of 6%-9%；PH is adjusted to 5-8 by acidic protein enzyme-deactivating using 10% sodium hydroxide solution, is warming up to 60-80 DEG C, and
It keeps thoroughly killing enzyme in 5-20 minutes.
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| CN201810309636.2A CN108610412A (en) | 2018-04-09 | 2018-04-09 | A kind of production method of novel marine organisms skin gelatin |
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| CN201810309636.2A CN108610412A (en) | 2018-04-09 | 2018-04-09 | A kind of production method of novel marine organisms skin gelatin |
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| WO2002094958A1 (en) * | 2001-05-21 | 2002-11-28 | Croda International Plc | Improved acid process for the preparation of type a fish gelatin |
| US20080175976A1 (en) * | 2007-01-18 | 2008-07-24 | Bernegger Peter M | Gelatin Production System |
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